Media Revision

QFL: Can I revise media to an A/A* standard?

HomeworkRevise media for assessment on Wednesday

HomeworkRevision cards for mass media:Test on Wednesday

Sociology Recap - Taboo

Roles

• A part you play that is associated with particular norms and expectations.

Secondary Agents of Socialisation

• They reinforce and continue to develop our norms, values, roles, identity and culture from our family.

• PERFMW (Peers, Education, Religion, Family, Media and Work).

Socialisation

• The process of learning the correct behaviour, norms and values in a society; this can either primary or secondary.

Norms

• The unwritten rules of society that determine acceptable behaviours.

Social Control

• The methods used during the socialisation process to make sure individuals conforms to the expected and acceptable norms and values of a society.

Values

General idea about what is right and wrong, the correct ways of behaving and what is considered important and worthwhile.

Primary Socialisation

• Learning our basic norms, values, roles, identity and culture from our family.

Informal Social Control

• Controlling people’s behaviour using positive, praise, negative comments, merits, pocket money etc.

Culture

• The whole way of life of a society

Media – Mass Media

• Any form of communication, either written or technology, that is invented to allow transmission to many people.

Formal Social Control

• Written rules and laws enforced by powerful agents such as the police, army or the courts.

Self assessment

How many did you get correct?

Marks out of 11

KEY TERMGlobalisation

The world feels like it is getting smaller and the media plays a big part in this. The

world has often been described as a “global village” because whilst it is still very large it feels like we can interact with people thousands of miles away as quickly as we can with someone who lives a few doors away.

Task:

List as many examples of different media which help connect people from across the world…

Task:List as many examples of different media which

help connect people from across the world…

KEY TERMGlobalisation

What are the positive aspects of globalisation?

What are the negative aspects of globalisation?

positive

negative

Interesting fact…

A recent industry study, by economics firm TERA Consultants, estimated that the UK's creative

industries experienced losses of £1.2bn in 2008 due to piracy.

How is the government trying to stop the negative effects of digital media?

Digital Economy Bill

What happens now?

• Measures could include sending letters to people identified as downloading illegal content and asking them to stop and pointing out legal alternatives.

• At the end of the 12 months there will a review. If illegal downloads do not fall (by at least 70%) Ofcom will be asked to consider whether technical measures - which could include limiting the speed or capacity of an individual's service or temporarily suspending their service - are needed.

• These would likely be brought in in 2012, if agreed upon. Anyone targeted by the measures would be give the right to appeal, the government says.

Why do people oppose the bill?

• MPs from all parties have voiced concern that the laws have not received enough debate and have been rushed through parliament.

• Campaigners say that the legislation will not work and will only drive illegal file-sharing underground.

• They are also concerned that innocent people could be caught out by the legislation if their net connections are hijacked by pirates.

• Companies such as Google have expressed concerns about the plans to block websites, which it says could result in legitimate content also being blocked.

• Some ISPs have also long said they do not want to become the internet police, and have also pointed out that they are mere conduits of the traffic on the net.

Ouch!In the US, student Joel Tenebaum, who has admitted downloading 800 songs, was last year ordered to pay $675,000 (£412,000) to various record labels after being found guilty on 31 charges of sharing music online.

Identify three ways in which people might be influenced by the output of the mass media

• ADVERTISING – if they see a product they might go out and buy that product it advertises.

• COPYCAT VIOLENCE – if you witness violence in a film you might go out and copy it.

• POLITCAL VIEWS – you might be influenced to vote for or not vote for a certain political party.

• GIVING TO A CHARITY – after seeing a televised appeal.

Describe two ways in which peoples’ use of the mass media has changed since1945.

• Gaming consoles – can play with others via the internet

• Smart phones – apps, access & send photos, log onto social network accounts, entertainment, maps, etc

• Multi-channel TV/Freeview. Narrowcasting – challenges the idea that the more channels offers more choice as they offer similar bland content

Explain how the mass media may create moral panics

• Exaggerated media reaction to a deviant group that is viewed as threatening to morals of society

• Term coined by Stan Cohen • Followed exaggerated media coverage of

mods & rockers in the 1960s. Media blew small scale scuffles betweens mods & rockers out of proportion by using headlines such as ‘Town under siege.’

• Media can generate a public anxiety• Deviancy amplification

Explain how the mass media may create moral panics

• Sarah Thornton & rave parties – media panic about drug taking added to the attraction for young people

• Marxism – moral panics used by journalists & editors to sell newspapers. Audience manipulated by media to make profit.

• Presents a distorted view of the level of crime – distorted view creates public concern

Explain deviancy amplification in the media.

• Identify a deviant act by the media• Heavy over-reporting• Reporting suggesting there is a lot of

similar behaviour• Glamorising the deviant behaviour for

some people• Response by other agencies of social

control such as the police• Stan Cohen – Mods & rockers

Discuss whether the mass media are able to influence audiences.

• Jamie Bulger & Child’s Play 2• Bandura & Bobo doll• Hypodermic syringe theory• Copycat violence• Wrestling• Voting – politics• Joy – studied effects of the introduction of TV in a small Canadian

town. Two years later violent aggression among the children she had studied had increased by 160%.

• A Belgian lorry driver carried out the brutal ‘copycat’ murder of a teenage girl, after first withdrawing to another room to put on his Scream costume. He told police that the murder had been premeditated and motivated by the movie.

• Socialisation – TV influential on children as in early stages of primary socialisation

• Gender socialisation & the media

Describe how young people are represented in newspapers.

• Stereotypes• Hoody & chav• Folk devils – London riots.

Describe how ethnic minorities are represented in newspapers.

• Agbetu: black people stereotyped into three categories: criminality, sport & entertainment

• Underrepresented in the media• Media focus on gun & knife crime – made

connections to ethnic minority communities• Media less vocal on how ethnic minorities are

more likely to be victims of crime than white population

• Threat to British values & way of life – immigration

• Islamaphobia - terrorism

Describe how women are represented in newspapers.

• Stereotypical• Adverts – Iceland!• Domestic roles• The Sun – Page 3 girls• Women’s sport trivialised – focus on clothes & body rather

than skills• Thatcher – newspaper reports on her hair & clothes• Women’s interests – marginalised• McRobbie & Jackie magazine – girls main focus is getting a

boyfriend!• Cumberbatch & adverts – women twice as likely to beb

enagaged in household activities

Does the media perpetuate stereotypes of gender?

•Media often accused of portraying women in stereotypical ways as housewives, mothers, etc and men as the breadwinners.•Lobban – analysed children’s reading schemes and found that women and female characters were generally shown indoors doing domestic tasks, with little girls helping their mothers around the house. Boys were shown outdoors more, doing more active things like climbing trees, helping their dads repair the car, etc.•McRobbie – studied Jackie magazine and found it was preoccupied with romance and portrayed teenage girls as aiming to get a boy and keep him as their main aim in life rather than to be independent.•Women in adverts tend to be younger than men, less likely to appear in work settings. Etc.

Discuss how editors choose which stories to put in the news.

• Gatekeepers• Agenda setting• Profit motive• Advertisers• News diary• Financial costs• Time or space available• Type of newspaper – broadsheet or

tabloid