Mechanisms

95
Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Ohio State University Sl. #1 GATEWAY GATEWAY Mechanisms

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Mechanisms. Types of Mechanisms. Parts handling mechanisms Reciprocating and general-purpose mechanisms Special purpose mechanisms Spring, bellow, flexure, screw, and ball devices Cam toggle, chain, and belt mechanisms Geared systems and variable-speed mechanisms - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Transcript of Mechanisms

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Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Ohio State UniversitySl. #1

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Mechanisms

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Types of Mechanisms

1. Parts handling mechanisms

2. Reciprocating and general-purpose mechanisms

3. Special purpose mechanisms

4. Spring, bellow, flexure, screw, and ball devices

5. Cam toggle, chain, and belt mechanisms

6. Geared systems and variable-speed mechanisms

7. Coupling, clutching and braking devices

8. Torque-limiting, tensioning, and governing devices

9. Pneumatic machine and mechanism control

10. Fastening, latching, clamping, and chucking devices

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Parts Handling Mechanisms

1. Feeding mechanisms

2. Orienting mechanisms

3. Sorting mechanisms

4. Cutting mechanisms

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Feeding Mechanisms

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Feeding long cylinders Feeding U-shaped parts

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Feeding Aligning Parts

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Various mechanisms for feeding aligned parts

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Special Feeders

Feeding a certain number of parts Mixer

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Orienting Mechanisms

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Orienting pointed-end parts Orienting U-shaped parts

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Orienting Mechanisms, cont.

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Orienting short cylinders

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Sorting Devices

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Sorting balls by size

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Cutting Mechanisms

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Four-bar cutters

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Cutting Mechanisms, cont.

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Clamping and cutting device

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Cutting Mechanisms, cont.

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Slicing Mechanism

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Reciprocating and General Purpose Mechanisms

1. Geneva mechanisms

2. Hypocycloid mechanisms

3. Rotary to reciprocal devices

4. Dwell mechanisms

5. Escapement mechanisms

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Geneva Mechanisms

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Locking-arm geneva

Twin geneva drive

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Geneva Mechanisms, cont.

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Groove cam genevas

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Geneva Mechanisms, cont.

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Four-bar geneva

Locking-slide geneva

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Geneva Mechanisms, cont.

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Long-dwell genevaRapid transfer geneva

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Geneva Mechanisms, cont.

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Modified motion geneva Dual-track geneva

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Geneva Mechanisms, cont.

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Progressive oscillating driveInternal-groove geneva

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Geneva Mechanisms, cont.

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Planetary gear geneva Modified dwell period geneva

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Geneva Mechanisms, cont.

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Modified geneva

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Intermittent Mechanisms

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Intermittent drive Indexing mechanism

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Hypocycloid Mechanisms

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Basic hypocycloid curves Double-dwell mechanism

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Hypocycloid Mechanisms, cont.

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Internal-geneva driveLong-dwell geneva drive

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Hypocycloid Mechanisms, cont.

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Short-dwell rotary Cycloidal rocker

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Hypocycloid Mechanisms, cont.

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Elliptical-motion drive

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Rotary to Reciprocation Motion

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Scotch yoke

Four-bar slider mechanism

Slider crank

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Rotary to Reciprocation Motion, cont.

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Linear reciprocatorThree-gear stroke multiplier

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Rotary to Reciprocation Motion, cont.

Spherical input reciprocating drive

Rotating-cam reciprocator

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Rotary to Reciprocation Motion, cont.

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Translation to rotation mechanism

Screwed inclined mechanism

Screw drive

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Dwell Mechanisms

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Oscillating crank and planetary drive Epicyclic dwell mechanism

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Dwell Mechanisms, cont.

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Chain-slider drive

Cam-helical dwell mechanism

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Dwell Mechanisms, cont.

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Cam-roller dwell mechanism

Gear oscillating crank

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Dwell Mechanisms, cont.

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Gear-slider crankThree-gear drive

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Toothless Ratchets

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Flat spring ratchetHelical spring ratchet

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Toothless Ratchets, cont.

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Cam ratchet

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Escapement Mechanisms

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Pin wheel

Anchor

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Special Purpose Mechanisms

1. Straight line motion2. Changing straight line direction3. Expanding and contracting devices4. Linear Acceleration5. Linkages for multiplying short motions6. Parallel-link mechanisms7. Adjustable output mechanisms8. Computing mechanisms

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Straight Line Motion

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Peaucellier cell Watt’s linkage

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Straight Line Motion, cont.

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Evan’s linkage Tchebicheff’s linkage

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Straight Line Motion, cont.

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Daniel’s linkage Parallel linkagePath’s traced by Daniel’s linkage

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Straight Line Motion, cont.

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Short-kick mechanismLong-kick mechanism

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Straight Line Motion, cont.

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Hypocycloid drive

Hypocycloid and Scotch yoke drive

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Straight Line Motion, cont.

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Parallel cardan mechanism

Ringless hypocycloid drive

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Changing Straight Line Direction

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Linkage drive Guided drive

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Changing Straight Line Direction, cont.

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Friction drive

Geared drive

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Changing Straight Line Direction, cont.

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Articulated rod drive

Cam and follower drive

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Changing Straight Line Direction, cont.

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Pnuematic driveFluid coupled drive

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Expanding and Contracting Devices

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Expanding grill

Multibar linkage

Telescoping cylinders

Nested slides

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Cam Replacements

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Adjusting oscillation

Curved flange

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Cam Replacements, cont.

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Bellcrank mechanism

Stepped sheave-cable mechanism

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Linkages for Multiplying Short Motions

Lever and sector gear

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Linkages for Multiplying Short Motions, cont.

Lever system

Lever, cam, and cord transmission

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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GATEWAYGATEWAYLinkages for Multiplying Short Motions, cont.

Toggle and cord drive Spiral feed transmission

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Stroke Multipliers

Pulley drive

Reciprocating-table drive

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Stroke Multipliers, cont.

Gear-sector driveAngle-doubling drive

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Parallel Linkages

Eight-bar linkage

Triple-pivot mechanism

Tensioning mechanism

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Adjustable output mechanisms

Adjustable slider drive Adjustable chain drive

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Adjustable output mechanisms, cont.

Adjustable clutch drive

Valve stroke adjuster

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Adjustable output mechanisms, cont.

Eccentric pivot pointDifferential

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Rolomite, Bellow, and Flexure Devices

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Rolomite devices

Basic Rolomite device

Some possible force profiles

a

b

c

d

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Rolomite devices, cont.

Rotary bearing

Fluid pump

Moving table suspension

Speed reducer

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Flexure Devices

Flexure connection

Pivots

Cross-strip pivot

Rack and pinion equivalent

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Flexure Devices, cont.

Parallel motion linkage

Flexure transmission

Universal joint

Rotary to translation converter

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Bellow Devices

Reciprocating rotary motionLinear translation

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Cam, toggle, and belt mechanisms

1. Cams2. Toggle mechanisms3. Variable speed belt drives4. Connecting misaligned shafts

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Cams

Simple follower Forked follower

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Cams, cont.

Clamping cam

Barrel cam

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Cams, cont.

Sewing machine cam

Swash plate

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Cams, cont.

Hammer drill cam

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Toggle Mechanisms

Simple toggle

Locking latches

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Toggle Mechanisms, cont.

Punch pressRivet machine

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Toggle Mechanisms, cont.

Stone crusher Friction ratchet

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Latch Mechanisms

Toggle latch Double toggle latch

Pin A

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Latch Mechanisms, cont.

Latch and cocking lever Disk-shaped cocking lever

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Latch Mechanisms, cont.

Firing pin mechanism

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Variable Speed Mechanisms

Spring controlled variablepitch pulley

Cam controlled variablepitch pulley

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Variable Speed Mechanisms, cont.

Cone drive

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Variable Speed Mechanisms, cont.

Adjustable cone drive

Cone-belt drive

Two cone drive

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Variable Speed Mechanisms, cont.

Graham drive

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Variable Speed Mechanisms, cont.

Single disk drive Double disk drive

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Connecting Misaligned Shafts

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Connecting Misaligned Shafts, cont.

Square plate coupling

Square plate coupling used forangular misalignment

Square plate coupling used foroffset shafts

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Connecting Misaligned Shafts, cont.

Flexible shaft

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Overrunning Clutches and Torque Limiters

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Overrunning Clutches

Lawnmower clutch

Molded sprags

Wedging rollers

Disengaging idler

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Torque Limiters

Permanent magnets Arms hold rollers

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Torque Limiters, cont.

Cone clutch Flexible belt

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Torque Limiters, cont.

Shear pin

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Fluid Pumps

Rameli pump Flexible vanes

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Fluid Pumps, cont.

Eccentric disk Rotary compressor

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Fluid Pumps, cont.

Roots compressor Vane pump

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

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Fluid Pumps, cont.

Rotating cylinder block Rotary reciprocating pump

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996

Page 95: Mechanisms

Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Ohio State UniversitySl. #95

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Credits

This module is intended as a supplement to design classes in mechanical engineering. It was developed at The Ohio State University under the NSF sponsored Gateway Coalition (grant EEC-9109794). Contributing members include:

Gary Kinzel …………………………………….. Project supervisor Gary Kinzel…..…………………...……………...Primary author Matt Detrick ……………………..……….…….. Module revision

Based on Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices, by N. Chironis and N. Sclater, Mcgraw-Hill, Inc. New York, 1996.

REF: Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook, N. Chironis, N. Sclater, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1996