Measuring the Centralized Mindset in Scratch
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Transcript of Measuring the Centralized Mindset in Scratch
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Measuring the Centralized Mindset in Scratch
Nikolos DimitrisKomis Vassilis
Department of Educational Science and Early Childhood Education,
University of Patras,Greece
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Centralized Mindset
Theory developed by Mitchel Resnick
Students tend to apply centralized control when they model distributed phenomena
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Centralized mindset
Guzdial noticed a similar approach in object-oriented programming with Smalltalk
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Centralized Mindset and Social Network Analysis
Centralized network De-centralized network
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Centralization measures
• Closeness centralization: How close is a node to all other nodes
• Betweenness centralization: How important is a node in the paths between other nodes
• (We used the Pajek Large Network Analysis software)
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Scratch to network
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Scratch to networkOffline:http://github.com/dimnikolos/Ghoul/Online:http://scratchgraph.herokuapp.com
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Measures of projects
19 projects from non-CS students
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High centralization measures
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High centralization measuresCloseness centralization: 1
Betweenness centralization:0.5
Closeness is indicative.
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High centralization measures
• Betweenness centralization is low despite the centralized nature of the projects
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Low centralization measures
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Low centralization measures
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Low centralization measures
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Conclusions
Projects that feature high closeness centralization have a centralized nature. The same was not true for betweenness centralization.Students submitted projects with both centralized and decentralized controlThe transformation of the structure of a Scratch project to a network provides new insights in programming with Scratch
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ReferencesBatagelj, V., Mrvar, A. (1998). Pajek – program for large network analysis. Connections, 47–57. Brennan, K. (2014). Constructionism in the Classroom: Three experiments in Disrupting Technocentrism. In Proceedings of Constructionism 2014.Freeman, L. C. (1979). Centrality in social networks conceptual clarification. Social Networks, 1(1979), 215–239. Guzdial, M. (1995). Centralized mindset: A student problem with object-oriented programming. ACM SIGCSE Bulletin, 27, 182–185. Resnick, M. (1992). Turtles, termites and Traffic Jams: Explorations in Massively Parallel Microworlds. MIT Press.Resnick, M. (1996). Beyond the Centralized Mindset. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 5, 1–22.Scott, J. (2000). Social Network Analysis: A Hanbook. SAGE.
Imageshttps://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Auklet_flock_Shumagins_1986.jpghttps://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/NetworkTopology-Ring.png/330px-NetworkTopology-Ring.pnghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Darnir_redhat/Sandbox#/media/File:NetworkTopologies.png
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Thank you!