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Measuring Technology MaturityMeasuring Technology Maturity
Actual system “flight proven” through successful mission operations
Actual system completed and “flight qualified” through test and demonstration
System prototype demonstration in a operational environment
System/subsystem model or prototype demonstration in a relevant environment
Component and/or breadboard validation in relevant environment
Component and/or breadboard validation in laboratory environment
Analytical and experimental critical function and/or characteristic proof-of-concept
Technology concept and/or application formulated
Basic principles observed and reported
System Test, Launch & Operations
System/Subsystem Development
Technology Demonstration
Technology Development
Research to Prove Feasibility
Basic Technology Research
TRL 9
TRL 8
TRL 7
TRL 6
TRL 5
TRL 4
TRL 3
TRL 2
TRL 1
Technology Readiness Levels Description
#1 Basic principles observed and reported
Scientific research begins translation to applied R & D (paper studies)
#2 Technology concept and/or application formulated
Basic principles documented and practical applications formulated (analytic studies)
#3 Analytical and experimental critical function and/or characteristic proof of concept
Active R & D initiated (physical validation in laboratory)
#4 Component and/or breadboard validation in laboratory environment
Component integration in “low-fidelity” laboratory environment (HIL/SIL simulation)
#5 Component and/or breadboard validation in relevant environment
Component/subsystem integration in “high-fidelity” laboratory environment (more realistic simulation)
#6 System/Subsystem model or prototype demonstration in a relevant environment
System/subsystem prototype evaluation in a simulated laboratory operational environment
#7 System prototype demonstration in an operational environment
Whole system prototype evaluation in actual operational environment (“open-air” or “at-sea”)
#8 Actual system completed and qualified through test and demonstration
Final phase of system development . . . validation of technical performance and compliance with design specifications
#9 Actual system proven through successful mission operations
Fuel mission evaluation in realistic operational conditions (combat environment, all-wx, typical operators, countermeasures, tactics, etc.)
TRLs
• Breadboard- Integrated components that provide a representation of a system/subsystem and which can be used to determine concept feasibility and to develop a technical data. Typically configured for laboratory use to determine the technical principles of immediate interest. May resemble final system/subsystem in function only.
• “High Fidelity”- Addresses form, fit and function. High-fidelity laboratory environment would involve testing with equipment that can simulate and validate all system specifications within a laboratory setting.
• “Low-Fidelity”- A representative of the component or system that has limited ability to provide anything but first order information about the end product. Low-fidelity assessments are used to provide trend analysis.
• Model- A functional form of a system, generally reduced in scale, near or at operational specification. Models will be sufficiently hardened to allow demonstration of the technical and operational capabilities required of the final system to include platform/packaging.
• Prototype: A physical or virtual model used to evaluate the technical or manufacturing feasibility or military utility of a particular technology or process, concept, end item or system.
• Relevant Environment- Testing environment that simulates the key aspects of the operational environment.
• Simulated Operational Environmental- Either 1) a real environment that can simulate all of the operational requirements and specifications required of the final system, or 2) a simulated environment that allows for testing of a virtual prototype; used in either case to determine whether a developmental system meets the operational requirements and specifications of the final systems
TRLs
• Findings from multiple studies attribute some program Findings from multiple studies attribute some program troubles to lack of technology maturity (TM)troubles to lack of technology maturity (TM)
• GAOGAO• QDRQDR• DAPADAPA• SSE/AS Program Support ReviewsSSE/AS Program Support Reviews
• “ “Programs that started development with immature Programs that started development with immature technologies experienced an average acquisition unit cost technologies experienced an average acquisition unit cost increase of nearly 21 percent” (GAO Report)increase of nearly 21 percent” (GAO Report)• FY06, PL 109-163, Section 801 requires USD(AT&L) FY06, PL 109-163, Section 801 requires USD(AT&L) certification, before Milestone B, that certification, before Milestone B, that “the technology in “the technology in the program has been demonstrated in a relevant the program has been demonstrated in a relevant environment”environment”• Above wording equates to Technology Readiness Level Above wording equates to Technology Readiness Level (TRL) 6(TRL) 6 Mr. Chris DiPetto, Deputy Director
Developmental Test & EvaluationNovember 7, 2006
Measuring Technology MaturityMeasuring Technology Maturity
Technology Readiness LevelsTechnology Readiness Levels(TRLs)(TRLs)
Actual system “flight proven” through successful mission operations
Actual system completed and “flight qualified” through test and demonstration
System prototype demonstration in a operational environment
System/subsystem model or prototype demonstration in a relevant environment
Component and/or breadboard validation in relevant environment
Component and/or breadboard validation in laboratory environment
Analytical and experimental critical function and/or characteristic proof-of-concept
Technology concept and/or application formulated
Basic principles observed and reported
System Test, Launch & Operations
System/Subsystem Development
Technology Demonstration
Technology Development
Research to Prove Feasibility
Basic Technology Research
TRL 9
TRL 8
TRL 7
TRL 6
TRL 5
TRL 4
TRL 3
TRL 2
TRL 1
Demonstrated atleast TRL 6
by Milestone B
Reaching TRL 6Reaching TRL 6
• TRL 6 definition – System/subsystem model or TRL 6 definition – System/subsystem model or prototype demonstrated in a relevant environmentprototype demonstrated in a relevant environment
• TRL 6 can be reached at the subsystem level. The TRL 6 can be reached at the subsystem level. The model or prototype, whether hardware or model or prototype, whether hardware or software, should show that the essential software, should show that the essential functionality is achievable.functionality is achievable.• For hardware, demonstrate the technology under For hardware, demonstrate the technology under
relevant conditions of the physical environment.relevant conditions of the physical environment.• For software, demonstrate the algorithms and processes For software, demonstrate the algorithms and processes
under relevant conditions of input data quality and rate.under relevant conditions of input data quality and rate.
• Relevant conditions are not ideal conditions. They Relevant conditions are not ideal conditions. They are stressing conditions but not necessarily the are stressing conditions but not necessarily the worst conditions imaginable.worst conditions imaginable.
TRA Lessons Learned TRA Lessons Learned
• Start earlyStart early• Early identification and agreement on critical Early identification and agreement on critical
technologiestechnologies• Flexibility required – No two TRAs will be the Flexibility required – No two TRAs will be the
samesame• Technology Readiness Assessment must be Technology Readiness Assessment must be
performed independently from Risk Assessmentperformed independently from Risk Assessment• Regular IPRsRegular IPRs
• Test data the most difficult to verifyTest data the most difficult to verify
• Working Group should include representatives Working Group should include representatives from PM, Component S&T Executive, Component from PM, Component S&T Executive, Component Acquisition Executive, and DUSD(S&T)Acquisition Executive, and DUSD(S&T)
System System IntegrationIntegration
System System DemoDemo
System Dev & DemonstrationSystem Dev & Demonstration
IOC
Defense Acquisition Management Defense Acquisition Management Framework Framework DoDI DoDI 5000.2
Defense Acquisition Management Defense Acquisition Management Framework Framework DoDI DoDI 5000.2
DesignReadiness
Review
LRIPLRIP
OperationsOperations& Support& Support
• Process entry points at Milestone A, B, or C
• Entrance criteria met before entering phase
• Evolutionary Acquisition or Single Step to Full Capability
• Integrate Integrate subsystems, subsystems, complete complete detailed design, detailed design, and reduce and reduce system-level risksystem-level risk
SystemIntegration
• Conduct AoA, refine Conduct AoA, refine initial concept & initial concept & develop Technology develop Technology Development Development StrategyStrategy
ConceptRefinement
FRPDecision Review
Full-Rate Prod &Deployment
• Full rate Full rate productionproduction
• Deployment of Deployment of systemsystem
ConceptConceptRefinementRefinement
TechnologyTechnologyDevelopmentDevelopment
Concept Decision
FRP & FRP & DeploymentDeployment
Production & DeploymentProduction & Deployment
Low-Rate InitialProduction
• Create Create efficient efficient manufacturinmanufacturing cap,LRIPg cap,LRIP
• IOT&E, LFT&E IOT&E, LFT&E of prod-rep of prod-rep articlesarticles
C
Pre-Systems AcquisitionPre-Systems Acquisition Systems AcquisitionSystems Acquisition SustainmentSustainment
User Needs & User Needs & Technology Technology
OpportunitiesOpportunities
FOC
• Complete developmentComplete development• Demonstrate ability of Demonstrate ability of
system to operate in system to operate in useful way consistent with useful way consistent with KPPsKPPs
• Combined DT/OTCombined DT/OT
SystemDemonstration
• Reduce technology risk & Reduce technology risk & determine the determine the appropriate set of appropriate set of technologies to be technologies to be integrated into a full integrated into a full systemsystem
• Demo the technologies in Demo the technologies in a relevant environmenta relevant environment
Technology Development
Funding:
Rqmnts:
BA 3/4 BA 5 BA 5/Procurement Proc/Operations & MaintenanceBA 5
CDD CPD
Validated & approved by operational validation authority
ICD
Increment II
Increment III
B DRR C FRP
B DRR C FRP
BA
1&21&2
3&43&4 6677
88
9955
Pacing Technologies: Cannon -
• Recoil Mitigation Munitions -
• Electro-Thermal-Chemical Propulsion • Seeker/Guidance & Control• Multi-Mode Warhead
Armament & Ammunition ATDArmament & Ammunition ATDAn Army ExampleAn Army Example
Objective: Demonstrate compact, direct/indirect fire armament system module capable of rapid lethality against the full spectrum of threats at 0-50km range.
“One Shot..….At Least One Kill”
“Precision Point Target Defeat”
NLOS 4-50KM BLOS 2-12km LOS 0-4Km
Warfighter Payoffs:• Heavy Force Lethality with a 105mm
> Multi-range - LOS, BLOS, & NLOS> Multi-Threat Capable
• Reduced logistic footprint> High number of stowed rounds
A Lightweight Armament System For Dominating the Red Zone and Beyond A Lightweight Armament System For Dominating the Red Zone and Beyond
TRL=6Seeker/G&C
METRIC:• 50-150m CEP to 50km• Ambient Temp functionality
TRL=4Seeker/G&CAcqDemo
METRICS:• Pacq/Enc to 8km via CFT Demo
TRL=4 ETC Propellant Demo
METRICS:Sub Scale firings of Gen II. Model to validate launch velocity.Full Scale Firing With Adv JA2. Validate integration
TRL=4Recoil MitigationDemo
METRICS:• 50% reduced recoil force w/Fire-out-of-battery modified M35 cannon w/ETC ignition
TRL=5Seeker/G&CHigh-gDemo
METRIC:• MP-ERM:
•18k g’s air gun test
• Cargo:• 20k g’s air gun test
FY01 FY02 FY03 FY04 FY05 FY06 FY07
Cannon
TRL=5PropulsionDemo
METRICS:Fire Full Scale Case Telescoped Ammo, Demo M829A2 + 20% performance
TRL=5Recoil MitigationDemo
METRICS:• <80K lbs hardstand firing of KE slugs
TRL=5Multi-ModeWHD
METRIC:• Shaped Charge
• L/D=1 (vs 1.7)• EFP
• 25% increase in armor penetration
TRL=6Multi-ModeWHD
METRIC:• Integrated WHD demo of 3 lethality modes
TRL=6Seeker/G&C
METRIC:• Pacq/Enc via Integ Projectile Guide to Hit gun launch to 10km
TRL=7Systems Level Live fire demo of Ammo Suite
METRICS:• Turret integrated on candidate vehicle
Armament & Ammunition ATDArmament & Ammunition ATDAn Army ExampleAn Army Example