01MON - WHAT - Heart of HeartHeart of the Torah
grace and truth came through Jesus Christ.
τι νµος δι Μωσως δθη, χρις κα λθεια
δι ησο Χριστο γνετο.
Romans 10:4 Christ is the culmination * of the law so that there may be righteousness for everyone who believes.
τλος γρ νµου Χριστς ες δικαιοσνην παντ τ πιστεοντι.
*termination, cessation, conclusion, end, goal, outcome
Gen 3:15
“W om
“ Dav id’s Son the eve rlas ting Kin g”
Psa 2, 22, 110
Sufferi
s Bra nch
us- ness with
Galatians 3:24 (author’s translation from Greek)
Therefore the teaching [of Moses] was our instructor* to lead us to Christ, so that we might be justified by faith.
στε νµος παιδαγωγς* µν γγονεν ες Χριστν, να κ πστεως δικαιωθµεν·
*custodian, boy-leader, attendant, guide
Colossians 2:16,17 Therefore do not let anyone judge you by what you eat or drink, or with regard to a religious festival, a New Moon celebration or a Sabbath day. These are a shadow of the things that were to come; the reality, however, is found in Christ. Greek: skia, sw/ma
Exodus 25:1,9,40 The LORD said to Moses, make this tabernacle and all its furnishings exactly like the pattern I will show you. See that you make them according to the pattern shown you on the mountain.
Hebrew: tavnit tynbt
1 Chronicles 28:11 Then David gave his son Solomon the plans for the portico of the temple, its buildings, its storerooms, its upper parts, its inner rooms and the place of atonement.
Hebrew: tavnit tynbt
Hebrews 8:3,5 Every high priest is appointed to offer both gifts and sacrifices, and so it was necessary for this one also to have something to offer. . .They serve at a sanctuary that is a copy and shadow of what is in heaven. Greek: ~upo,deigma
skia,
Romans 5:14 Nevertheless, death reigned from the time of Adam to the time of Moses, even over those who did not sin by breaking a command, as did Adam, who was a pattern of the one to come.
Greek: tu,poj
Hebrews 10:1,9-10 The law is only a shadow of the good things that are coming-- not the realities themselves. For this reason it can never, by the same sacrifices repeated endlessly year after year, make perfect those who draw near to worship. He sets aside the first to establish the second. And by that will, we have been made holy through the sacrifice of the body of Jesus Christ once for all.
skia,
Atonem ent
Israel to Canaan Numbers 1-34
Leviticus 1-15>
prolog epilog
The Gospel Once Each Year “the heart of the Torah”
Leviticus 23:27-29 "The tenth day of this seventh month is the Day of Atonement. Hold a sacred assembly and deny yourselves, and present a food offering to the LORD. Do not do any work on that day, because it is the Day of Atonement, when atonement is made for you before the LORD your God. Those who do not deny themselves on that day must be cut off from their people.
Hebrews 9:11 He [Jesus] did not enter by means of the blood of goats and calves; but he entered the Most Holy Place once for all by his own blood, thus obtaining eternal redemption. But when Christ came as high priest of the good things that are now already here, he went through the greater and more perfect tabernacle that is not made with human hands, that is to say, is not a part of this creation.
Leviticus 16:1,2 The LORD spoke to Moses after the death of the two sons of Aaron who died when they approached the LORD. The LORD said to Moses: "Tell your brother Aaron not to come whenever he chooses into the Most Holy Place behind the curtain in front of the atonement cover on the ark, or else he will die, because I appear in the cloud over the atonement cover.
Leviticus 16:3,5 This is how Aaron is to enter the sanctuary area: with a young bull for a sin offering and a ram for a burnt [100%] offering… From the Israelite community he is to take two male goats for a sin offering and a ram for a burnt [100%] offering.
sin burnt
sin sinburnt
[100%]
Leviticus 16:4 He is to put on the sacred linen tunic, with linen undergarments next to his body; he is to tie the linen sash around him and put on the linen turban. These are sacred garments; so he must bathe himself with water before he puts them on.
Leviticus 16:7-10 Then he is to take the two goats and present them before
the LORD at the entrance to the Tent of Meeting. He is to cast lots for the
two goats -- one lot for the LORD and the other for the scapegoat. Aaron
shall bring the goat whose lot falls to the LORD and sacrifice it for a sin
offering. But the goat chosen by lot as the
scapegoat shall be presented alive before the LORD to be used for
making atonement by sending it into the desert as a scapegoat.
2 1
Leviticus 16:6,11 Aaron is to offer the bull for his own sin offering to make atonement for himself and his household. … Aaron shall bring the bull for his own sin offering to make atonement for himself and his household, and he is to slaughter the bull for his own sin offering.
Leviticus 16:12-13 … He [Aaron the High Priest] is to take a censer full of burning coals from the altar before the LORD and two handfuls of finely ground fragrant incense and take them behind the curtain. He is to put the incense on the fire before the LORD, and the smoke of the incense will conceal the atonement cover above the Testimony, so that he will not die.
Hebrews 9:7 But only the high priest entered the inner room, and that only once a year, and never without blood, which he offered for himself and for the sins the people had committed in ignorance.
7x
Leviticus16:14 He is to take some of the bull's blood and with his finger sprinkle it on the front of the atonement cover; then he shall sprinkle some of it with his finger seven times before the atonement cover.
7x
Leviticus 16:15,16a He shall then slaughter the goat for the sin offering for the people and take its blood behind the curtain and do with it as he did with the bull's blood. He shall sprinkle it on the atonement cover and in front of it. In this way he will make atonement for the Most Holy Place because of the uncleanness and rebellion of the Israelites, whatever their sins have been.
Leviticus 16:16b,17 He is to do the same for the Tent of Meeting, which is among them in the midst of their uncleanness. No one is to be in the Tent of Meeting from the time Aaron goes in to make atonement in the Most Holy Place until he comes out, having made atonement for himself, his household and the whole community of Israel.
7x
Leviticus 16:18,19 Then he shall come out to the altar that is before the LORD and make atonement for it. He shall take some of the bull's blood and some of the goat's blood and put it on all the horns of the altar. He shall sprinkle some of the blood on it with his finger seven times to cleanse it and to consecrate it from the uncleanness of the Israelites.
7x
everything be cleansed with blood, and without the
shedding of blood there is no forgiveness.
Leviticus 16:20,21 When Aaron has finished making atonement for the Most Holy Place, the Tent of Meeting and the altar, he shall bring forward the live goat. He is to lay both hands on the head of the live goat and confess over it all the wickedness and rebellion of the Israelites-- all their sins-- and put them on the goat's head. He shall send the goat away into the desert in the care of a man appointed for the task.
Leviticus 16:22 The goat will carry on itself all
their sins to a solitary place; and
the man shall release it in the desert.
Leviticus 16:23,24,26 Then Aaron is to go into the Tent of Meeting and take off the linen garments he put on before he entered the Most Holy Place, and he is to leave them there. He shall bathe himself with water in a holy place and put on his regular garments. …The man who releases the goat as a scapegoat must wash his clothes and bathe himself with water; afterward he may come into the camp.
Leviticus 16:24b,25 Then he shall come out and sacrifice the burnt [100%] offering for himself and the burnt offering for the people, to make atonement for himself and for the people. He shall also burn the fat of the sin offering on the altar.
Leviticus 16:27,28 The bull and the goat for the sin offerings, whose blood was brought into the Most Holy Place to make atonement, must be taken outside the camp; their hides, flesh and offal are to be burned up. The man who burns them must wash his clothes and bathe himself with water; afterward he may come into the camp.
Leviticus 16:29-31 This is to be a lasting ordinance for you: On the tenth day of the seventh month you must deny yourselves* (“ afflict your souls”) and not do any work– whether native-born or an alien living among you– because on this day atonement will be made for you, to cleanse you. Then, before the LORD, you will be clean from all your sins. It is a sabbath of rest, and you must deny yourselves; it is a lasting ordinance.
10th day 7th month
*no food, no drink, no husban/wife relations
Leviticus 16:32,33 The priest who is anointed and ordained to succeed his father as high priest is to make atonement. He is to put on the sacred linen garments and make atonement … …for the Most Holy Place [1] …for the Tent of Meeting [2] …and the altar [3] …and for the priests [4] …and all the people of the community [5]
Leviticus 16:34 This is to be a lasting ordinance for you… Atonement is to be made once a year for all the sins of the Israelites." And it was done, as the LORD commanded Moses.
Hebrews 13:11-13 The high priest carries the blood of animals into the Most Holy Place as a sin offering, but the bodies are burned outside the camp. And so Jesus also suffered outside the city gate to make the people holy through his own blood. Let us, then, go to him outside the camp, bearing the disgrace he bore.
Hebrews 13:11-13 The high priest carries the blood of animals into the Most Holy Place as a sin offering, but the bodies are burned outside the camp. And so Jesus also suffered outside the city gate to make the people holy through his own blood. Let us, then, go to him outside the camp, bearing the disgrace he bore.
Hebrews 9:27,28 Just as man is destined to die once, and after that to face judgment, so Christ was sacrificed once to take away the sins of many people; and he will appear a second time, not to bear sin, but to bring salvation to those who are waiting for him.
1 John 3:5 But you know that he (Jesus) appeared so that he might take away our sins. And in him is no sin.
Matthew 16:24 Then Jesus said to his disciples, "If anyone would come after me, he must deny himself and take up his cross and follow me.
Romans 8:3 God did by sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful man to be a sin offering.
Romans 3:23-25 This righteousness from God comes through faith in Jesus Christ to all who believe. … for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God, and are justified freely by his grace through the redemption that came by Christ Jesus. God presented him as a sacrifice of atonement, through faith in his blood.
Hebrews 2:17 For this reason he (Jesus) had to be made like his brothers in every way, in order that he might become a merciful and faithful high priest in service to God, and that he might make atone-ment for the sins of the people.
End of Leviticus 16
tyrb trk
I will take you as my dearest possession . . . and I will be your God. Exodus 6:7
cut a covenant
the 10 Words
Which means " the complete, comprehensive set of statements"
10th honor the relationships that I have given you and others
9th honor the place that I have given you and others
RELATIONSHIPS
PLACE
8th honor Me by speaking truth about yourself and others
7th honor me by finding rest in things you receive from Me
6th honor your gender for the sake of family and society
TRUTH
REST
SOCIETY
LIFE
GOSPEL ! ! ! 1(a) I am the LORD your God who brought you out of Egypt. . .
. . . THEREFORE . . .
The third use of the LAW ! ! ! Honor what I have
graciously given you!
1st honor your relation- ship with Me and only Me
1(b) honor My true place above and in the universe
2nd honor the truth I have revealed about Myself
5th hold sacred the time of grace I have given to you and others
3rd honor Me for the rest you receive from Me in grace
4th honor Me for where I put you in family and society
Matthew 22:37-40 Jesus replied: "'Love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind. This is the first and greatest commandment. And the second is like it: 'Love your neighbor as yourself.' And the second is like it: 'Love your neighbor as yourself.' All the Law and the Prophets hang on these two commandments."
The "two" commandments
which = one / which = love
Deuteronomy 6:6-9 These commandments that I give you today are to be "on your hearts. "Impress them on your children. "Talk about them " when you sit at home | "and when you walk along the road, "when you lie down "and when you get up. "Tie them as symbols on your hands "and bind them on your foreheads. "Write them on the doorframes of your houses "and on your gates.
248 positive
365 negative
Command- ments in the Torah as counted by the Jewish rabbis
The Book
Leviticus 21-24
A summary of the full Torah which is expanded in the chapters that follow.
Arrival of Israel led by Moses at Mt. Sinai after 50 days (Exodus 19:1-2) Moses goes to meet God to prepare for covenant (19:3)
Arrival of the “Torah” from God to Moses - 40 days (24:15-18) Representatives meet God to confirm the covenant (24:1-14)
God wants Israel to be holy kingdom of priests (19:4-6)
Holiness Code for the holy kingdom of priests (21:1-23:33) God says “yes” where he places his name (20:20-26)
God announces that he will speak (19:9)
People ask God to speak no more (20:19)
People quickly say “Yes!” (19:7-8)
Awe-inspring anticipation (19:10-25) The Ten Words (20:1-17)
Awe-inspiring reaction (20:18)
ISRAEL RESPONDS: • We are afraid • Only speak to Moses in
the future
GOD SAYS: • No to idols • Yes to a sacrifice altar • Yes to be made of earth • Yes made of uncut stones • Don't have altar steps
GOD PROMISES: • Wherever I cause my
name to be honored I will come to you and bless you.
Compe nsation
Offenses deserving death (22:18-20)
Injury of animal by person (22:10-15)
Loss of property/accident (21:33-36)
Loss of property/theft (22:1-9)
Injury of person by animal (21:28-32) “e ye for an ey e”
"if . . . then" type laws = case law
-
-
-
Dietary: do not eat “torn flesh” (22:31)
Responsibility to God: pilgrimage festivals, offerings (23:13-19)
Dietary: do not eat on the Sabbath (23:10-12)
Justice: for the poor before the law (23:1-3)
Justice: for the poor before the law (23:6-9)
Kindness: to enemies, your ox or donkey (23:4-5)
Command Laws = apodictic law
Exodus 23:15 No one is to appear before me empty-handed.
X
yeast
fat
X
Leviticus 23:19
Leviticus 23:18
bring firstfruits
Exodus 23:20 "See, I am sending an angel ahead of you to guard you a long the way and to bring you to the place I have prepared.
Exodus 23:23 My angel will go ahead of you and bring you into the land of the Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Canaanites, Hivites and Jebusites, and I will wipe them out.
you will not be alone
Exodus 23:25-26 Worship the LORD your God, and his blessing will be on your food and water. I will take away sickness from among you, and none will miscarry or be barren in your land. I will give you a full life span.
preservation promises
Exodus 23:27 "I will send my terror ahead of you and throw into confusion every nation you encounter. I will make all your enemies turn their backs and run. Exodus 23:28 I will
send the hornet ahead of you to drive the Hivites, Canaanites and Hittites out of your way.
promises
preservation
before their gods or worship them or
follow their practices.
Exodus 23:33 Do not let them live in your land . . . Because the
worship of their gods will certainly be a snare to
you."
Exodus 23:32 Do not make a covenant with them or with their gods.
NO NO
NO
Exodus 23:31 "I will establish your borders from the Red Sea to the Sea of the Philistines, and from the desert to the River. I will hand over to you the people who live in the land and you will drive them out before you.
Earthly Promise
Exodus 24:3,7-8 Then he took the Book of the Covenant and read it to the people. They responded, "We will do everything the LORD has said; we will obey." Moses then took the blood, sprinkled it on the people and said, "This is the blood of the covenant that the LORD has made with you in accordance with all these words. When Moses went and told the people all the LORD's words and laws, they responded with one voice, "Everything the LORD has said we will do."
Yes!
people's response
Matthew 26:28 This is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins.
Response:
Exodus 24:9,11 Moses and Aaron, Nadab and Abihu, and the seventy elders of Israel went up and saw the God of Israel. . . They saw God and ate and drank.
Confirmation
Exodus 24:18 Then Moses entered the cloud as he went on up the mountain. And he stayed
on the mountain forty days and forty nights.
Exposition
Exodus 34:28 Moses was there with the LORD forty days and forty nights . . .
Leviticus 26-27
Outcomes
Deuteronomy 30: 19-20 This day I call the heavens and the earth as witnesses against you that I have set before you life and death, blessings and curses. Now choose life, so that you and your children may live and that you may love the LORD your God, listen to his voice, and hold fast to him.
Blessings and Curses
• Terror • Disease • Famine • Defeat • Pests • Siege • Ruin • Scattered
Leviticus 26
Leviticus 26:43-45 They will pay for their sins because they rejected my laws and abhorred my decrees. . .
…but for their sake I will remember the covenant with their ancestors whom I brought out of Egypt in the sight of the nations to be their God. I am the LORD.
law
gospel
30 50
shekels
shekels
Leviticus 27
if an unclean animal , fruit or grain
priestly assessment plus 20%
firstborn + 10% belong to the LORD automatically and are unredeemable
redemption is priestly assessment plus 20%
valued by worth of harvests
to the LORD in the 7th year if unredeemed if non-tribal, valued by harvests till 7th year reverts to the owner in the 7th year
others redeemed by equal value substitution
not for dedication redeemed at priestly assessment plus 20%
cannot redeem a condemned man or an unconditionally dedicated field or animal
Nebraska District Pastors’ Institute
John C. Lawrenz April 14 & 15, 2015
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