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Gas Turbine Power Plant

Dr. M. Zahurul Haq

ProfessorDepartment of Mechanical Engineering

Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology (BUET)Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

zahurul@me.buet.ac.bdhttp://teacher.buet.ac.bd/zahurul/

ME 403: Power Plant Engineering

c Dr. M. Zahurul Haq (BUET) Gas Turbine ME 403 ( 2015) 1 / 25

Gas turbines have these advantages over steam plants:

They are small in size, mass, and initial cost per unit output.Their delivery time is relatively short and they can be installed

quickly.

They are quick starting (as low as 10 s), often by remote control.

They are smooth running and have a capacity factor (percent of

time the unit is operating at full power) of 96 to 98 percent.

They can use a wide variety of liquid and gaseous fuels including

gasified coal and synthetic fuels.They are subject to fewer environmental restrictions than other

prime movers.

c Dr. M. Zahurul Haq (BUET) Gas Turbine ME 403 ( 2015) 2 / 25

T371

A comparison between the working cycle of a turbo-jet engine and a

piston engine.

c Dr. M. Zahurul Haq (BUET) Gas Turbine ME 403 ( 2015) 3 / 25

T401

Schematic layout of a single-shaft gas turbine.

T402

Schematic layout of a two-shaft gas turbine.

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Thermodynamics of gas turbine cycles

T403

Representation of a simple

cycle gas turbine.

T404

Representation of gas turbine cycle on

temperature-entropy diagram.

c Dr. M. Zahurul Haq (BUET) Gas Turbine ME 403 ( 2015) 5 / 25

Thermodynamics of gas turbine cycles

T405

Effect of pressure ratio on the temperature-entropy diagram for an ideal

gas turbine cycle when T3 is constant.

c Dr. M. Zahurul Haq (BUET) Gas Turbine ME 403 ( 2015) 6 / 25

Thermodynamics of gas turbine cycles

T406

Variation of thermal efficiency and specific work with compressor

pressure ratio.

c Dr. M. Zahurul Haq (BUET) Gas Turbine ME 403 ( 2015) 7 / 25

Thermodynamics of gas turbine cycles

T407

Schematic representation of a

regenerative cycle.

T408

Heat transfer for a regenerative

gas turbine cycle.

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Thermodynamics of gas turbine cycles

T409

Effect of T4 and pressure ratio on the thermal efficiency of a regenerative

cycle. The limiting pressure ratios when T5 = T2 are shown.

c Dr. M. Zahurul Haq (BUET) Gas Turbine ME 403 ( 2015) 9 / 25

Thermodynamics of gas turbine cycles

T410

Ideal and actual compression and expansion processes on the

temperature-entropy diagram.

c Dr. M. Zahurul Haq (BUET) Gas Turbine M E 403 (2015) 10 / 25

Thermodynamics of gas turbine cycles

T411

Variation of the isentropic efficiency with pressure ratio for a polytropic

efficiency of 0.87.

c Dr. M. Zahurul Haq (BUET) Gas Turbine M E 403 (2015) 11 / 25

Thermodynamics of gas turbine cycles

T412

Combustion temperature rise versus fuel-air ratio.

c Dr. M. Zahurul Haq (BUET) Gas Turbine M E 403 (2015) 12 / 25

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Thermodynamics of gas turbine cycles

T413

Simple gas turbine thermal efficiency varying with pressure ratio.

c Dr. M. Zahurul Haq (BUET) Gas Turbine M E 403 (2015) 13 / 25

Thermodynamics of gas turbine cycles

T414

Performance of a practical simple gas turbine cycle as a carpet plot for a

series of maximum cycle temperatures and pressure ratios.

c Dr. M. Zahurul Haq (BUET) Gas Turbine M E 403 (2015) 14 / 25

Thermodynamics of gas turbine cycles

T417

Carpet plot for a regenerative gas turbine cycle.

c Dr. M. Zahurul Haq (BUET) Gas Turbine M E 403 (2015) 15 / 25

Thermodynamics of gas turbine cycles

T418

Schematic representation of an intercooled gas turbine.

T419

Two-stage intercooled compression process on the temperature-entropy

diagram.

c Dr. M. Zahurul Haq (BUET) Gas Turbine M E 403 (2015) 16 / 25

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Thermodynamics of gas turbine cycles

T420

Variation of thermal efficiency with specific work for a practical

intercooled gas turbine when optimised for maximum thermal efficiency.

c Dr. M. Zahurul Haq (BUET) Gas Turbine M E 403 (2015) 17 / 25

Thermodynamics of gas turbine cycles

T421

Schematic representation of an intercooled, regenerative gas turbine

cycle.

c Dr. M. Zahurul Haq (BUET) Gas Turbine M E 403 (2015) 18 / 25

Thermodynamics of gas turbine cycles

T422

Temperature-entropy diagram for the intercooled and nonintercooled,

regenerative gas turbine cycles.

c Dr. M. Zahurul Haq (BUET) Gas Turbine M E 403 (2015) 19 / 25

Thermodynamics of gas turbine cycles

T423

Variation of thermal efficiency with specific work for a practical

intercooled, regenerative gas turbine cycle

c Dr. M. Zahurul Haq (BUET) Gas Turbine M E 403 (2015) 20 / 25

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Thermodynamics of gas turbine cycles

T424

Schematic representation of a reheat gas turbine.

c Dr. M. Zahurul Haq (BUET) Gas Turbine M E 403 (2015) 21 / 25

Thermodynamics of gas turbine cycles

T427

Variation of thermal efficiency with specific work when optimised for

maximum thermal efficiency.

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Thermodynamics of gas turbine cycles

T429

Schematic representation of a reheat-regenerative gas turbine.

c Dr. M. Zahurul Haq (BUET) Gas Turbine M E 403 (2015) 23 / 25

Thermodynamics of gas turbine cycles

T430

Schematic representation of an intercooled, reheat and regenerative cycle.

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Thermodynamics of gas turbine cycles

T433

Variation of thermal efficiency with specific work for practical

intercooled, reheat and regenerative (ICRHR) cycle.

c Dr. M. Zahurul Haq (BUET) Gas Turbine M E 403 (2015) 25 / 25