ME2110 Module 7 : Conceptual Designsinghose.marc.gatech.edu/courses/me2110 Spring11b... · 2011. 5....
Transcript of ME2110 Module 7 : Conceptual Designsinghose.marc.gatech.edu/courses/me2110 Spring11b... · 2011. 5....
ME2110
Module 7 :
Conceptual Design
© GIT2
Key Concepts
• Structured Concept Generation processes
• Functional Decomposition
• Solution Principle Matrices
• Morphological Charts
• Objective Concept Evaluation
Outline
© GIT3
1. Review Design Tools CoveredPUF and HoQ
2. Concept GenerationWhat is structured concept generation?
3. Design Tool 5 – Functional Decomposition
4. Design Tool 6 – Solution Principle Matrix
5. Design Tool 7 – Morphological Chart
6. Concept EvaluationWhat is structured concept generation?
7. Design Tool 8 – Evaluation Matrices
1. Design Tools to-date
© GIT4
A. Customer/Product RequirementsProblem understanding, Initial Analysis
B. Design SpecificationTarget Performance Metrics, Design Constraints
C. Conceptual Design
I. Concept Generation
II. Concept Evaluation
D. Detail Design
E. Prototyping
F. Design Finalization
I. Specification for Production
DT1 – P.U.F DT2 – H.o.Q
DT4 – Design Spec. Sheet
DT3 – Function tree
DT5 – Functional
Decomposition
DT6 – S.P.M DT7 – Morph. Chart
DT5 – Evaluation Matrices
2. Concept Generation
© GIT5
• Systematic identification of design alternatives
• Many alternatives
• Synthesis of concepts from function-level design
solutions (How’s)
What is Concept Generation
Design Tools
• DT5 – Functional Decomposition
• DT6 – Solution Principles Matrix
• DT7 – Morphological Chart
• DT8 – Evaluation Matrices
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3. DT5 – Function Decomposition
1 2 3 54 6
7
1 2 3+4 5 6
7
Feed in
1
Prepare
2
Dispense
3
Shape
4
Separate
5
Feed Out
6
Return
7
Dough Shaped
Dough
Waste Waste WasteAdditives
1 2 3+4+5 6
7
1 2+3 4+5 6
7
Shape DoughShaped Dough
ElossDough
AdditivesI
E
© GIT
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4. DT6 - Solution Principle Matrix
Sub-func.
Solution Principles(Idea/Source)
1
Idea:(Mechanical)RubonMaterial
(Mechanical)Squirt Material
(Mechanical)PlaceMaterial(likeLetterset)
(Chemical)Changepaper composition
Source:Standardproduct Team#2 Letterset Acidetching
1
1
(Chemical)Changepaper color(likeLitmuspaper)
(Electrical)Burnpaper (spark)
(likeoldfashionedstripchart recorders)
(Electrical)ElectrifyPaper (glow
discharge)
(Electrical)Staticchargetoholdmark
on(likeEtch-A-Sketch)
Fisher Scientific Team#3 Team#1 Etch-A-Sketch
1
(Thermal)Burnpaper (flame)
(Thermal)Heat paper (glowdischarge)
(Thermal)Melt onMark
(Magnetic)Attachmagneticmaterial(likerefrigerator magnets)
Team#2 Team#2 Waxseals Gift Store
2
(Biological)Growbacteria, fungus
(Biological)Modify(digest?)paper
(Optical)Changelight propertiesof
paper (reflectance, polarity)
(Optical)Changelight (hologram)
Team#2 BioTechMagazine Team#2 Team#2
2
(Mechanical)Ruboff Material
(Mechanical)Takeoff material
(Mechanical)Cover mark
(likewhiteout)
(Chemical)Changepaper composition
Standardproduct Team#2 Team#1 Team#2
(Chemical)Changepaper color
(likedyingfabricthesamecolor asastain)
(Chemical)Changemark(e.g., bleach)
(Electrical)Burnoff mark (spark)
ETC.
Team#1 Team#2 Team#2
Example: Design of a “Pencil” Sub-function 1: Make an Erasable Mark
Sub-function 2: Erase an Erasable Mark
© GIT
ME 2110: Creative Decisions and
Design
8
4. Combining Solution Principles
Sub-
Functions
\Solutions1 2 j m
1 F1 S11 S12 S1j S1m
2 F2 S21 S22 S2j S2m
i Fi Si2 Sij Sim
n Fn Sn1 Sn2 Snj Snm
Combination of Principles1 2
Combination 1: S11 + S21 + … + Sn1
Combination 1: S11 + S22 + … + Sn2
© GIT
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4. DT6 Example : A Simple Competition
20 ft
Sta
rt L
ine
6.25 ft
12.5 ft
Objective:
Place mass from Start line and place on target
10
Place Mass
on Target
Move
Mass
Navigate
to
Target
Brake on
Target
Generate
Power
Transmit
Power
Hit
Target
4. DT6 Example : A Simple Competition
Start with a Function Tree
11
Different working principles to satisfy the function “store energy” by varying the type of
energy.
1
2
3
4
5
6
Mechanical Hydraulic Electrical Thermal
Flowing
Liquid
Heated
Liquid
Superheated
Steam
Type of Energy
Working Principle
Battery
Inductance, L
Pot.
Energ
y
mh
Hydraulic
reservoire.g, Piston
Moving
Massm
v
Mass
M, s, T
Flywheelw
J
+V-
J
vw Wheel
on
inclin
e
Plane
Liquid
Res.
Pot. E.h
F
Spring Other Springs
Comp. Gas
F
4. DT6 Example : A Simple Competition
12
5. DT-6 The Morphological Chart
Going from concept to physical reality
.........
Store/
Acquire
Power
Transmit
Power
Brake on
Target
Move
Mass
Navigate
to Target
Gravity Mouse Traps
Car Hit by Trap Rip Cord Effect Ramp Catapult
Rolling Friction String Break Anchor Rubber Stopper
Equal Size Wheels Larger Front Wheels
Rolling Sliding Projectile Launch
...
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Concept 1: Gravity+Ramp+Friction BrakeConcept 2: Mousetrap+Rip Cord+String BrakeConcept 3: Gravity+Mousetrap+Friction Brake
Store/
Acquire
Power
Transmit
Power
Brake on
Target
Move
Mass
Navigate
to Target
Gravity Mouse Traps
Car Hit by Trap Rip Cord Effect Ramp Catapult
Rolling Friction String Break Anchor Rubber Stopper
Equal Size Wheels Larger Front Wheels
Rolling Sliding Projectile Launch
...
5. DT-6 Morph Chart Example
Outline
© GIT14
1. Review Design Tools CoveredPUF and HoQ
2. Concept GenerationWhat is structured concept generation?
3. Design Tool 5 – Functional Decomposition
4. Design Tool 6 – Solution Principle Matrix
5. Design Tool 7 – Morphological Chart
6. Concept EvaluationWhat is structured concept generation?
7. Design Tool 8 – Evaluation Matrices
ME 2110: Creative Decisions and
Design
THE BIG EGG-HUNT
6. Concept Evaluation Intro Example
ME 2110: Creative Decisions and
Design 16
The Egg Basket
Central Nest
6. Concept Evaluation Intro Example
ME 2110: Creative Decisions and
Design 17
A) Each rotten egg in your zone is -3 points
B) Each regular egg (from the middle level of
the nest)in your zone is 1 pt.
C) Each Big Egg (from the top level of the
nest) in your zone is 3 pts.
D) All eggs in your basket are valued at 3X
the above values.
6. Concept Evaluation Intro Example
ME 2110: Creative Decisions and
Design
Concept 1 2 3 4 5
Criteria
A D
B A
C T
D U
E M
F
+
-
S
+ = better than datum; - = worse than datum; S = same as datum
6. DT8 – Evaluation Matrices
19
+ = better than datum; - = worse than datum; S = same as datum
Concept
Criteria
Cost
GatheringAbility
Safety
Robustness
Ease ofAssembly
+-
s
1 2 3 4 5
Bunny
D
A
T
U
M
Snake
+
S
S
S
_
1
1
3
_
_
+
+
+
3
2
0
_
_
+
+
+
3
2
0
VoodooSpell
_
_
_
+
+
2
3
0
6. DT8 – 1st Level Evaluation Matrices
20
Pts. Meaning
0 unsatisfactory
1 just tolerable
2 adequate
3 good
4 very good (ideal)
Pts. Meaning
0 absolutely useless
solution
1 very inadequate
solution
2 weak solution
3 tolerable solution
4 adequate solution
5 satisfactory solution
6 good solution with few
drawbacks
7 good solution
8 very good solution
9 solution exceeding
the requirement
10 ideal solution
6. DT8 – Evaluation Scales
21
Concept 1 2 3 4 5
Criteria
A: lowmaterialcost
3 1 4 4 3
B: easyassembly
3 4 4 4 3
C: shorttesting time
4 1 3 4 4
D: simpleconstruction
2 3 4 3 3
E:functionalsafety
2 2 2 2 2
F: simpleoperation
3 3 3 3 2
Total 17 14 20 20 17
Relative =Total/24
0.71 0.58 0.83 0.83 0.71
6. DT8 – 2nd Level Evaluation Matrices
ME 2110: Creative Decisions and
Design
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WEIGHT
(0-4)
C1
(RUB ON
- RUB
OFF)
C2
(PLACE
ON -
TAKE
OFF)
C3
(PLACE
ON - RUB
OFF)
WORKING PRINCIPLE:
MAKES ERASABLE
MARK
4 4 4
REMOVES
ERASABLE MARK
4 3 3
EMBODIMENT:
HOLDS POINT 3 2 4
PRODUCTION:
FEW PARTS 4 3 2
SIMPLE TO MAKE 4 2 2
ASSEMBLY:
EASY 3 3
OPERATION:
COMFORTABLE TO
USE
2 2 3
LOW USE FORCE 3 3 4
MAINTENANCE:
SHARPENABLE 4 4 4
SAFETY:
DOESN’T HARM
USER BY
BREAKING INTO
SMALL, HARMFUL
PARTS
4 3 4
NOT POISONOUS 0 4 3
TOTAL POINTS:
6. DT8 – 3rd Level Evaluation Matrices
ME 2110: Creative Decisions and
Design 23
1. Formulate Many Alternate
Concepts
2. Evaluate Concepts
3. Select Concepts for Further
Refinement
Conceptual Design Summary
DT5 – Functional
Decomposition
DT6 – S.P.M DT7 – Morph. Chart
DT5 – Evaluation Matrices