MDGs: A Race Against Time
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Transcript of MDGs: A Race Against Time
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Millennium Development Goals:
A Race Against Time?
David BullExecutive Director
UNICEF UK
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VIDEO: CHILDREN EVERYWHERE ARE UNDER PRESSURE
http://www.youtube.com/user/UNICEFUK?blend=21&ob=5#p/search/0/gxmKB4B1Bvw
(4 mins)
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Malekena’s Story
“I’ve just walked five hours for my first antenatal visit. I hope that by visiting the clinic my new baby will be born without HIV”
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The Millennium Development Goals
Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
Achieve universal primary education
Promote gender equality and empower women
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Reduce child mortality
Improve maternal health
Combat HIV and AIDS, malaria, and other diseases
Ensure environmental sustainability
Develop a global partnership for development
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MDG 4: Reduce under 5 child mortality
Figures taken from, Levels and Trends in Child Mortality Report 2011 UN Interagency Group for Child Mortality Estimation
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MDG 6: Halt and reverse the HIV epidemic
UNAIDS Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic 2010
Number of people newly infected with HIV
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Presentation outline
- Adapting to climate change
- Securing adequate financing
- Reaching the most marginalised
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ADAPTING TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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Climate change in Mongolia
“In the blizzard I can’t see my way and I’m afraid of getting lost. I’m also afraid of wolves. My cheeks and ears freeze and the skin becomes cracked from frostbite”
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Children’s vulnerability to climate change in different countriesRanking Country Total
PopulationUnder 18 population
Under 18 pop’n as %
of total pop’n
1 Bangladesh 150,494,000 61,091,000 41%
2 India 1,241,194,000
447,401,000 36%
3 Madagascar 21,315,000 9,759,000 46%
4 Nepal 30,486,000 12,712,000 42%
5 Mozambique 23,930,000 11,561,000 48%
6 Philippines 94,852,000 37,033,000 39%
7 Haiti 10,124,000 4,316,000 43%
8 Afghanistan 32,358,000 14,897,000 46%
9 Zimbabwe 12,754,000 6,0001,000 47%
138 UK 62,417,000 13,100,000 20%
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Children and climate change
• If climate change goes unchecked it could cause up to 250,000 extra child deaths in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa alone
• By 2015, the number of people affected each year by climate related disasters is likely to rise by an estimated 50%, from 250 million per year to 375 million
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Adapting the way we work
Cyclone proof school
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Adapting the way we work
Water pump raised above flood levels
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Selected donor commitments and disbursements to fast start climate finance
Country Pledged (Thousand USD $)
Committed in 2010 (Thousand
USD $)
EC 215 72
Denmark 231 53
France 1,804 601
Germany 1,804 501
UK 2,454 929
Japan 15,000 7,200
USA 1,704 1,704
Figures compiled by the World Resources Institute - http://pdf.wri.org/climate_finance_pledges_2011-05-09.pdf
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Scaling up flows to meet climate finance commitments
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
2002
00
3
20
05
20
07
20
09
20
11
20
13
20
15
20
17
20
19
US
$ B
illio
ns
Global aid
With climatefinance
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FINDING THE RESOURCES
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Global aid flows 2003-2009
Figures adapted from OECD DAC database
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
US
$ B
illio
ns
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Projected global aid flows 2003-2012
0100200300400500600700800900
1000
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
US$
Hundre
d M
illion
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Total Government Expenditures for selected countries 2005-2012
Austerity Measures Threaten Children and Poor Households: Recent Evidence in Public Expenditures from 128 Developing Countries, Isabel Ortiz, Jingqing Chai, Matthew Cummins. UNICEF (2011)
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Projected Change in Total Government Spending, 2011-12 avg. over 2008-09 avg (% of GDP)
Austerity Measures Threaten Children and Poor Households: Recent Evidence in Public Expenditures from 128 Developing Countries, Isabel Ortiz, Jingqing Chai, Matthew Cummins. UNICEF (2011)
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Chandika’s story
“A tiny pack of salt used to be three rupees. Now it’s five. Mustard oil is now very expensive at 80 rupees a packet. My children rarely eat anything other than salt and bread”
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Options for increased financing
• Increased trade revenue• Improved domestic tax collection• South-South Co-operation• Financial Transaction Tax• Tobacco Tax• Air line Levy• Advance Market Commitments
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DEVELOPMENT FOR EVERYONE: ADDRESSING
EQUITY
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Mary’s Story
“I’m scared of the dark and the future”
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Inequities in access to improved sanitation in Sub Saharan Africa
UNICEF (2010) Progress for Children: Achieving the MDGs with Equity
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Under 5 Mortality rate in Brazil: National Level
(deaths per 1,000 births)
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Under 5 Mortality rate in Brazil: State Level
(deaths per 1,000 births)
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Under 5 Mortality rate in Brazil: Municipal Level
(deaths per 1,000 births)
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Millennium Declaration
We have a collective responsibility to uphold the principles of human dignity, equality and equity at the global level.
... we have a duty to all the world’s people, especially the most vulnerable and, in particular, the children of the world, to whom the future belongs.
United Nations Millennium Declaration - http://www.un.org/millennium/declaration/ares552e.htm
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Contribution of an equity approach to MDG 4
UNICEF 2010, Narrowing the Gaps to Meet the Goals
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An Equity Focused Approach
• Identifying the most deprived children and communities
• Investing in proven, cost-effective interventions
• Overcome bottlenecks and barriers• Partnering with communities• Maximising the impact of available resources
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Reaching all children with immunisation in Mozambique
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Winning the race to meet the MDGs
- Scale up adaptation to climate change
- Secure adequate financing
- Reach the most marginalised
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