MCSE NT Workstation 4.0

Study Guide

(Exam 70-73)

Osborne/McGraw-Hill is an independent entity from Microsoft Corporation, and not affiliated with Microsoft Corporation in any manner. This publication and CD may be used in assisting students to prepare for a Microsoft Certified Professional Exam. Neither Microsoft Corporation, its designated review ICV, nor Osborne/McGraw-Hill warrants that use of this publication and CD will ensure passing the relevant Exam. Microsoft is either a registered trademark or trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries.

Syngress Media, Inc.

Osborne McGraw-Hill Berkeley New York St. Louis San Francisco Auckland Bogota Hamburg London Madrid Mexico City

Milan Montreal New Delhi Panama City Paris Säo Paulo Singapore Sydney Tokyo Toronto

Foreword iii About the Contributors vii Acknowledgments x Preface xxvii Introduction xxxii

Overview of Windows N T Workstation 4.0 . . . I

Certification Objective 1.01 Development of Windows N T 2

Microsoft's Goal for Windows N T 3 Certification Objective 1.02 Features of Windows N T Workstation 4

Portability 5 POSIX 6 Networking

Multitasking 10 Multithreading 10 Multiprocessing 11

File Systems 12

Security 14 Multiple Clients 15 Compatibility 17

Storage 19 Certification Objective 1.03 Architecture of Windows N T 20

User Mode 21 Kernel Mode 21

Memory Architecture 24 Comparing Workstation with Other Operating Systems . . . . 25

X j j MCSE NT Workstation 4.0 Study Guide

Workstation vs. Server 25

Workstation vs. Windows 95 27 Certification Objective 1.04 When to Use a Domain vs. a Workgroup 30

Workgroup Model 30

Domain Model 32 Certification Objective 1.05

Hardware Qualifier Disk Tool 35 Certification Summary 37 Two-Minute Drill 37

Self Test 39

2 Installing Windows N T 4.0 Workstation 41

Certification Objective 2.01 Hardware Requirements 43

Minimum Hardware Requirements 43 Recommended Hardware 44

Hardware Compatibility List 44 Importance of the HCL 45 Hardware Device Drivers 45

Certification Objective 2.02 Configuring a Disk 46

Partitioning the Hard Disk 47

Creating and Deleting Partitions 49 Bootable CD-ROM Drives 53

Certification Objective 2.03

Installation Options 54 Unattended Installations 55 Network Installations vs. CD-ROM Installations . . . . 58

The Setup Utility 62

Upgrading from Windows 95 64 Upgrading Other Operating Systems 64 Performing a New Installation 67 Installing N T for Dual-Boot Purposes 67

Contents XJiJ

Third-Party Options 68 Setting Up Windows N T Workstation 4.0 68

Hardware Identification 69 Partition Selection 69 Hard Drive Examination 70

Graphical Portion of Setup 70 Supplying User Information and a Computer Name . . 72 Creating an Emergency Repair Disk 72

Remaining Installation Steps 74 Network Settings 75 Network Adapter Configuration 76

Select Protocols 78 Enter Settings for Workgroups and Domains 81

Miscellaneous Settings 83 Certification Objective 2.04 Removing Windows N T 4.0 Workstation 84

Remove the NTFS Volume, if Necessary 84 Change the Boot Operating System 85

Certification Summary 88 Two-Minute Drill 90

Self Test 92

Configuring Windows N T Workstation 4.0 . . . 95

Certification Objective 3.01 Windows N T Control Panel 96

Accessing the Control Panel 98 Certification Objective 3.02

System Settings vs. User Settings 99

System Properties 101 General Tab 101

Performance Tab 102 Virtual Memory 105 Startup/Shutdown Tab 107

Recovery Options 108

XiV M C S E N T Workstation 4.0 Study Guide

Environment Tab 109

Hardware Profiles 112 User Profiles Tab 112 Services 114 Date/Time Icon 117

Display Icon 117 Modem Icon 122

Tape Devices Icon 125 Network Icon 128 UPS Icon 132 Ports Icon 134

Add/Remove Programs Icon 135

SCSI Adapters Icon 139 Server Icon 146 Sounds Icon 148 Mouse Icon 149

Keyboard Icon 152 Certification Objective 3.03 Windows N T Registry 155

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE 159 REGEDIT vs. REGEDT32 162

Certification Summary 164 Two-Minute Drill 164

Self Test 167

4 Managing Users and Groups 171

Certification Objective 4.01 Default User Accounts 172

Administrator 173

Guest 174 Certification Objective 4.02

Default Group Accounts 175 Local Groups 175 Default Local Groups 176

Contents X V

Special Access Types 178 Global Groups 178

Naming Conventions 179 Group-Based Security 179

Certification Objective 4.03 User Manager 180

Creating User Accounts 180

Group Memberships 183 Adding and Removing Users from Groups 184 User Environment Profile 184 Granting Dial-in Permission 186

Editing User Accounts 187 Copying an Existing User Account 188 Deleting an Existing User Account 188

Renaming User Accounts 190

Changing Account Properties 190

Creating Local Groups 191 Certification Objective 4.04 Account Policies 192

Certification Objective 4.05 User Rights 195

Advanced User Rights 197 Audit Policy 197 Security Log 199

Certification Summary 200 Two-Minute Drill 201

Self Test 203

Windows N T File System Support 205

Certification Objective 5.01 File Allocation Table (FAT) 206

FAT Naming Conventions Under DOS 207 FAT Naming Conventions Under Windows N T . . . . 208

XVi M C S E N T Workstation 4.0 Study Guide

Certification Objective 5.02

Long Filenames 209 Certification Objective 5.03

New Technology File System (NTFS) 211 Naming Conventions With NTFS 212

Features of NTFS 212 Certification Objective 5.04 Converting to NTFS 220

Compact Disk File System (CDFS) 221 High-Performance File System (HPFS) 221

Networks as File Systems 223 Certification Objective 5.05 Volume Sets 224

Certification Objective 5.06 Stripe Sets 226 Certification Objective 5.07 Disk Administrator 229

Creating N T Partitions 229 Drive Letter Assignments 233

Formatting Volumes 235 Recovering Disk Configuration Information 236

Third-Party Disk Utilities 237 Norton Utilities Speed Disk 238 Executive Software's DiskKeeper 238

Certification Summary 239 Two-Minute Drill 239

Self Test 241

6 Understanding Windows N T 4.0 Security 245

Certification Objective 6.01 Windows N T 4.0 Security Model 246

Logon Authentication 249

Windows N T Logon Security Features 250 Windows N T Objects 250

Contents X V Ü

Access Control 251 Certification Objective 6.02

Access Tokens and Processes 253 ACLs and ACEs 253

Certification Objective 6.03

File and Directory Security 259 Viewing and Changing Permissions 261 Transaction Logging 267

Ownership 268 Permissions when Copying and Moving Files 269

Certification Objective 6.04

Share-Level Security 270 Permissions for Shared Directories 270 Assigning Permissions to Shared Directories 275

Certification Objective 6.05

Auditing Policy, Account Lock Out, and Registry Keys 278 Audit Policy and Virus Protection 279 Account Lockout 282

Disabling the Default Username 283 Adding a Security Warning Message 284 Disabling the Shutdown Button 285 Automating Logons 286

Certification Summary 286 Two-Minute Drill 287

Self Test 289

7 Understanding Windows N T Networking . . . . 293

Certification Objective 7.01

Built-in Networking 294 Windows N T Network Components 294 N T Networking Model 295 Servers and Redirectors 296

Certification Objective 7.02 Protocols 301

XVJJi MCSE NT Workstation 4.0 Study Guide

NetBEUI 302 NWLink 302

TCP/IP 302 DLC 303 AFP 303 Interprocess Communication (IPC) 303

Certification Objective 7.03

Network Settings 305 Binding Options 309

Certification Objective 7.04 Managing Shared Directories 315

Default Shares 316 Browsing the Network 316

Certification Summary 317 Two-Minute Drill 318

Self Test 320

8 Installing and Configuring TCP/IP 323

Certification Objective 8.01

Features of Microsoft TCP/IP 324 Certification Objective 8.02 TCP/IP Architecture 325

Certification Objective 8.03 Installing and Configuring TCP/IP 329

Configuring TCP/IP 330 Configuring for DNS 336

Configuring Windows Internet Name Service (WINS) 338 Routing 342

Configuring for DHCP 344 Certification Objective 8.04

Peer Web Services 345 PWS Installation 346 Configuring W W W 348 Configuring FTP 353

Contents x i X

Certification Summary 355

Two-Minute Drill 356

Self Test 358

9 Connecting to NetWare Servers 361

Overview 362 Windows N T Workstations and NetWare 362

Windows N T Servers and NetWare 362 Certification Objective 9.01 Components for NetWare Connectivity 365

NWLink 365 Client Services for NetWare 367

Certification Objective 9.02

Installing and Configuring NWLink 370 Certification Objective 9.03

Installing and Configuring Client Services for NetWare (CSNW) 374

Search Order 376

Certification Objective 9.04 Connecting to NetWare Services 378

Connecting to NetWare Services with Explorer 378

Connecting to NetWare Services with the Command Line 380

NetWare Specific Applications 381 NetWare Utilities 382

Certification Summary 383 Two-Minute Drill 384

Self Test 387

10 Remote Access Service and Dial-Up Networking 389

Certification Objective 10.01

Overview of RAS 390

MCSE NT Workstation 4.0 Study Guide

Features of RAS 390

Certification Objective 10.02

Supported Connections 393 Phone Lines 393 ISDN 394

X.25 395 RS-232C Null Modem Cable 395 PPTP 395

Certification Objective 10.03 Supported Protocols 396

Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) 397

Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol 398 PPP Multi-link Protocol (PPP-MP) 400

NetBIOS Gateway 400 Serial Line Internet Protocol (SLIP) 401

Certification Objective 10.04 Telephone API 404

Comprehensive Solution 405

Native 32-bit and Application Portability 406

Device Sharing 407 Certification Objective 10.05

Installing RAS 407 Certification Objective 10.06

Configuring Network Settings 415 TAPI 2.0 Location and Modem Specifications 418 Telephony Drivers 419

Certification Objective 10.07 Dial-Up Networking (DUN) 420

The Script Tab 426

The Security Tab 428 RAS PPP Connection Sequence 428

Certification Objective 10.08

RAS Security 430 Support for Full Encryption 431

Logon Security 431

i

Contents X X l

Auditing 433 Third-Party Security Features 433

Callback 434 Certification Summary 434 Two-Minute Drill 435

Self Test 437

Workgroups and Domains 439

Certification Objective 11.01 Windows N T Workgroups 440 Certification Objective 11.02

Windows N T Domains 441 Single User Logon 441 Centralized Administration 442

Centralized Security 443

Centralized Control of Resources 443 Certification Objective 11.03 Joining a Workgroup 444 Certification Objective 11.04 Joining a Domain 444

Certification Objective 11.05 Windows N T Servers 448

Primary Domain Controller 448 Backup Domain Controller 449

Member Server 449 Certification Objective 11.06

Domain Models 450 Single Domain 451

Complete Trust 451 Master Domain 451 Multiple Master Domain 451

Certification Objective 11.07 Browsing Microsoft Networks 454

Browser Roles 456

XXJi M C S E N T Workstation 4.0 Study Guide

Configuring Browsers 458

The Browsing Process 460 Browser Elections 461 Browser Communications 463

Certification Summary 464 Two-Minute Drill 465 Self Test 467

12 Printing 473

Certification Objective 12.01 Overview of Printing 474

Printing Devices 474 Printing Software 474

Windows N T Print Model 475 Print Router 478 Print Spooler 478 Print Processor 479

Print Monitors 480 Print Jobs 481

Certification Objective 12.02 Installing Printers 481

Creating a Local Printer 482 Sharing a Printer 483

Connecting to a Remote Printer 483 Network Printers 484

Certification Objective 12.03

Configuring Printers 485 General Tab 486 Print Test Page 487

Ports Tab 488 Scheduling Tab 489

Sharing Tab 491 Security Tab 491 Permissions 492

Contents XXJ i i

Auditing 494 Ownership 494

Device Settings Tab 494 Certification Objective 12.04 Managing Print Jobs 495

Certification Objective 12.05 Troubleshooting Printers 498 Certification Summary 499 Two-Minute Drill 499

Self Test 502

13 Configuring Applications 505

Certification Objective 13.01 Subsystem Architecture 506

Subsystems 507 Kernel Mode and User Mode 508 Kernel Mode Components 509

Certification Objective 13.02 Configuring Applications 513

Win32 Applications 515

DOS Applications 520 Configuring DOS Applications 522 Winl6 Applications 526 Separate Memory 529

OS/2 Applications 533 POSIX Applications 535

Certification Summary 536

Two-Minute Drill 537

Self Test 540

14 Performance Tuning 543

Certification Objective 14.01 Performance Tuning 544

XXJV M C S E N T Workstation 4.0 Study Guide

Bottlenecks 544

Detecting Bottlenecks 545 Eliminating Bottlenecks 547 Self-Tuning Mechanisms 548

Certification Objective 14.02 Performance Monitor 561

Processor Performance 565

Disk Drive Performance 569 Memory Performance 576

Certification Summary 579 Two-Minute Drill 581

Self Test 583

15 Booting, Troubleshooting, and Service Packs . . 585

Certification Objective 15.01 Boot Process for Intel-Based and RISC-Based Machines 586

Windows N T Load Phases 589

BOOT.INI 595 ARC Naming Convention 598

BOOT.INI Switches 600 Certification Objective 15.02 Configuring Multiboot Systems 602

Certification Objective 15.03 Troubleshooting Hardware/Software 603

Boot Failures 603 System Recovery 607 Task Manager 609 Event Viewer 612

Log Files 612

Log File Events 613 Log Event Details 613

Certification Objective 15.04 Windows N T Diagnostics (WinMSD) 616

Version 616

Contents X X V

System 617

Display 617 Drives 617 Memory 617

Services 617 Resources 618 Environment 618 Network 618

Certification Objective 15.05 Windows N T Service Packs 619

Obtaining Service Packs 620 Installing Service Packs 620

Certification Objective 15.06 The "Blue Screen of Death" 622

Certification Objective 15.07 Troubleshooting Resources 623

Microsoft's W W W and FTP Sites 623 The Knowledge Base 623 Resource Kits 623 TechNet CD-ROM 624 Help 624

Certification Summary 625 Two-Minute Drill 626

Self Test 628

A Self Test Answers 631

Answers to Chapter 1 Self Test 632 Answers to Chapter 2 Self Test 634

Answers to Chapter 3 Self Test 636 Answers to Chapter 4 Self Test 638

Answers to Chapter 5 Self Test 640 Answers to Chapter 6 Self Test 642 Answers to Chapter 7 Self Test 645 Answers to Chapter 8 Self Test 646

XXVJ M C S E N T Workstation 4.0 Study Guide

Answers to Chapter 9 Self Test 648 Answers to Chapter 10 Self Test 651 Answers to Chapter 11 Self Test 653 Answers to Chapter 12 Self Test 658 Answers to Chapter 13 Self Test 659 Answers to Chapter 14 Self Test 661 Answers to Chapter 15 Self Test 663

В About the CD 665

CD-ROM Instructions 666 Electronic Book 666 Interactive Self-Study Module 666 Sample Exams 666

С About the Web Site 669

Access Global Knowledge Network 670 What You'll Find There 670

Glossary 671

Index 695