McCarthyism The Modern Salem Witch Trials. Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills US 6F –Describe...
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Transcript of McCarthyism The Modern Salem Witch Trials. Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills US 6F –Describe...
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McCarthyismMcCarthyismThe Modern Salem Witch
Trials
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Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills
• US 6F– Describe the impact of…McCarthyism…
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Reasons for ParanoiaReasons for Paranoia
• Chinese civil war ends with Communist victory in China.
• Communist spies discovered in America.
• Increase of the Communist Party in the United States.
• Nuclear arms race with Soviets– Soviets detonate nuclear
bomb in 1949
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Alger Hiss Alger Hiss Soviet Spy?Soviet Spy?
• HUAC (House Un-American Activities Committee) formed to investigate communist influence in the US.
• Alger Hiss, a former State Dept. official was accused of spying for the Communists in 1948.
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Whitaker Chambers accuses HissWhitaker Chambers accuses Hiss
• Whitaker Chambers, a former member of the US Communist Party, told HUAC that Hiss had been a fellow Communist in the 1930’s.
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Another Red ScareAnother Red Scare• With all the cases of
Communism, people begin to fear that there are Communists all around them.
• Widespread fear leads to tolerance of tactics by Joseph McCarthy.
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Who was Joseph McCarthy?Who was Joseph McCarthy?
• Republican Senator from Wisconsin.
• Ran unsuccessfully in 1944.
• Ran against Robert LaFollette Jr. and was elected in 1946.
• Gave a speech in Wheeling, West Virginia in 1950– Claimed to have evidence of 81 State Dept.
employees that were Communists.
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Frequent Targets of McCarthy
• Dean Acheson-Secretary of State
• General George Marshall (Marshall Plan)
• Prominent Hollywood movie directors and actors.
• US Army
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McCarthy’s DownfallMcCarthy’s Downfall
• McCarthy begins to investigate the Army.
• Millions of American spectators watch as McCarthy bullies witnesses.
• McCarthy accuses a young lawyer in the Army attorney’s office of Joseph Welch of having been affiliated with a Communist organization.
• Welch struck back at McCarthy charging that he had “no decency” to try and ruin this young man’s reputation.
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No decency
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Downfall of McCarthyDownfall of McCarthyAnd the crowd goes wild…And the crowd goes wild…
• Joseph McCarthy is exposed for the bully he is.
• Later that year, he was censured by the Senate (a vote of formal disapproval).
• He died in 1957 a broken and embittered man.