Mbbs_bds Syllabus 2014

8/17/2019 Mbbs_bds Syllabus 2014

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Aligarh Muslim University

Scalar product of vectors. Work done by a constant force and a variable force;kinetic energy, work-energy theorem, power.

Notion of potential energy, potential energy of a spring, conservative forces :conservation of mechanical energy (kinetic and potential energies); non-conservative forces : elastic and inelastic collisions in one and two dimensions.

Motion of System of Particles and Rigid Body

Centre of mass of a two-particle system, momentum conversation and centre ofmass motion.Centre of mass of a rigid body; centre of mass of uniform rod.Vector product of vectors; moment of a force, torque, angular momentum,conservation of angular momentum with some examples.

Equilibrium of rigid bodies, rigid body rotation and equiations of rotational motion.Comparison of linear and rotational motions; moment of inertia, radius of

gyration.

Values of moments of inertia for simple geometrical objects (no derivation).Statement of parallel and perpendicular axes theorems and their applications.

Gravitation

Keplar’s laws of planetary motion. The Universal law of gravitation.

Acceleration dues to gravity and its variation with altitude and depth.

Gravitational potential energy; gravitational potential, Escape Velocity, OrbitalVelocity of a satellite, Geo-stationary satellites.

Properties of Bulk Matter

Elastic behaviour, Stress-strain relationship, Hooke’s law, Young’s modulus, bulkmodulus, shear, modulus of rigidity.

Pressure due to a fluid column; Pascal’s law and its applications (hydraulic liftand hydraulic brakes). Effect of gravity on fluid pressure.

Viscosity, Stokes’ law, terminal velocity, Reynold’s number, streamline andturbulent flow, Bernoulli’s theorem and its applications.

Surface energy and surface tension, angle of contact, application of surfacetension ideas to drops, bubbles and capillary rise.

Heat, temperature, thermal expansion; specific heat-calorimetry; change of state-latent heat. Heat transfer-conduction, convection and radition, thermalconductivity, Newton’s law of cooling.


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Thermodynamics

Thermal equilibrium and definition of temperature (zeroth law ofthermodynamics). Heat, work and internal energy. First law of thermodynamics.

Second law of thermodynamics : reversible and irreversible processes. Heatengines and refrigerators.

Behaviour of Perfect Gas and Kinetic Theory

Equation of state of perfect gas, work done on compressing a gas.

Kinetic theory of gases-assumptions, concept of pressure. Kinetic energy andtemperature; rms speed of gas molecules; degrees of freedom, law ofequipartition of energy (statement only) and application to specific heats ofgases; concept of mean free path, Avogadro’s number.

Oscillations and Waves

Periodic motion-period, frequency, displacement as a function of time. Periodicfunctions. Simple harmonic motion (S.H.M.) and its equation; oscillations of aspring – restoring force and force constant; energy in S.H.M. – kinetic andpotential energies’ simple pendulum – derivation of expression for its time period’free, forced and damped oscillations(qualitative ideas only), resonance.

Wave motion, Longitudinal and transverse waves, speed of wave motion.Displacement relation for a progressive wave. Principle of superposition ofwaves, reflection of waves, standing waves in strings and organ pipes,fundamental mode and harmonics, Beats, Doppler effect.

Electrostatics

Electric charges, Conservation of charge, Coulomb’s low-force between two point

charges forces between multiple charges, superposition principle and continuouscharge distribution.

Electric field, electric field due to a point charge, electric field lines’ electric dipoleelectric field due to a dipole torque on a dipole in uniform electric field.

Electric flux, statement of gauss’s theorem and its applications to find field due toinfinitely long straight wire uniformly charges infinite plane sheet and uniformlycharged tin spherical shell (field inside and outside).

Electric potential difference, electric potential due to a point charge, a dipole andsystem of charge; equipotential surfaces, electrical potential energy of a systemof two point charges and of electric dipole in an electrostatic field.


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Conductors and insulators free charges and bound charges inside a conductor.Dielectrics and electric polarization, capacitors and capacitance, combination ofcapacitors in series and in parallel, capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor withand without dielectric medium between the plates, energy stored in a capacitor.Van de Graaff generator.

Current Electricity

Electric current flow of electric chargers in a metallic conductor drift velocity,mobility and their relation with electric current; Ohm’s electrical resistance, V-Icharacterstics (linear and non-linear), electrical energy and power, electricalresistivity and conductivity. Carbon resistors colour code for carbon resistors;series and parallel combinations of resistors; temperature dependence ofresistance.

Internal resistance of a cell, potential difference and emf of a cell combination of

cells in series and in parallel.

Kirchhoff’s laws and simple applications. Wheatstone bridge and metre bridge.

Potentiometer – principle and its applications to measure potential difference andfor comparing emf of two cells; measurement of internal resistance of a cell.

Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism

Concept of magnetic field, Oersted’s experiment.

Biot-Savart law and its application to current carrying circular loop.

Ampere’s law and its applications to infinitely long straight wire, straight andtoroidal solenoids.

Force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields. Cyclotron.

Force on a current – carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field. Forcebetween two parallel current – carrying conductors – definition of ampere.Torque experienced by a current loop in uniform magnetic field; moving coilgalvanometer – its current sensitivity and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter.Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment. Magneticdipole, moment of a revolving electron, magnetic field intensity due to a magneticdipole (bar magnet) along its axis and perpendicular to its axis. Torque onmagnetic dipole (bar magnet) in a uniform magnetic field; bar magnet as anequivalent solenoid magnetic field line; Earth’s magnetic field and magneticelements pars – dia – and ferro – magnetic substances, with examples.Electromagnets and factors of affection their strengths. Permanent magnets.

Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents


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Electromagnetic Induction; Faraday’s law, Induced emf and current; Lenz’s law,Eddy current self and mutual inductance.

Need for displacement current.

Alternating currents, peak and rms value of alternating; current / voltage,reactance and impedance;

LC oscillations (qualitative treatment only), LCR series circuit, resonance, powerin ac circuits wattles current.

AC generator and transformer.

Electromagnetic Waves

Displacement current, current Electromagnetic wave and their characteristics

(qualitative ideas only) Transverse nature of electromagnetic waves.

Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves infrared, visible ultraviolet,x-rays gamma rays) including elementary facts about their uses.

Optics.

Reflection of light spherical mirror, mirror formula refraction of light, total internalreflection and its applications, optical fibres refraction at spherical surfaces,

lenses thin lens formula lens maker’s Formula. Magnification power of a lens,combination of thin lenses in contract. Refraction and dispersion of light througha prism.

Scattering of light – blue colour of the sky and reddish appearance of the sun atsunrise and sunset.

Optical instruments : Human eye, image formation and accommodation, correctof eye defects (myopia, hypermetropia, presbyopia and astigmatism) using

lenses. Microscopes and astronomical Telescopes (reflecting and refraction) andtheir magnifying powers.

Waves optics : Wave front and Huygens principle reflection and refraction ofplane wave at a plane surface using wave fronts. Proof of laws of reflection andrefraction using Huygen’s principle, Interference, Young’s double slit experimentand expression for fringe width coherent sources and sustained interference oflight. Diffraction due to a single slit, width of central maximum. Resolving powerof microscopes and astronomical telescopes Polarization, plane polarized light;Brewster’s law. Uses of plane polarized light and polaroids.

Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation


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Dual nature of Radiation Photoelectric, Hertz and Lenard’s observations;Einstein’s Photoelectric equation – particle nature of light.

Master waves – wave nature of particles, de Broglie relation. DAvission –General experiment.

Atoms & Nuclei

Alpha – particle scattering experiment, Rutherford’s model of atom; Bohr model,energy levels hydrogen spectrum.

Composition and size of nucleus, atomic masses, isotopes, isobars; isotones.Radioactivity – alpha, beta and gamma particles / rays and their properties;radioactive decay law Mass-energy relation, mass defect; binding energy pernucleon and its variation with mass number, nuclear fission, nuclear reactor,nuclear fusion.

Electronic Devices

Semicondoctors; semiconductor diode I – V, characteristics in forward andreverse bias, diode as a rectifier; I – V characteristics of LED, photodiode, solarcell and Zener diode : Zener diode as a voltage regulator. Junction transistor,transistor action characteristics of a transistor; transistor as an amplifier (commonemitter configuration) and oscillator. Logic gages (OR, AND, NOT NAND andNOR ). Transistor as a switch.

Communication Systems

Elements of a communication system (block diagram only); bandwidth of signals(speech, TV and digital data); bandwidth of transmission medium. Propagation ofelectromagnetic waves in the atmosphere, sky and space wave propagation.Need of modulation. Production and detection of an amplitude-modulate wave.


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Chemistry

SYLLABUS CHEMISTRY FOR ALL COMPETITIVE ADMISSION TESTS WITH CLASS XIIAS ELIGIBILITY

1. Some Basic concepts of Chemistry, Structure of Atom, Classification of elements andperiodicity in properties, Chemical bonding and molecular structure.

2. States of matter : Gases and liquids, Solid State, Solutions.3. Thermodynamics.4. Equilibrium, Redox reactions, Electrochemistry.5. Chemical Kinetics, Surface Chemistry.6. Hydrogen, General principles and process of isolation of elements, Studies of s & p-d

and f – block elements, Coordination compounds.7. Organic Chemistry : Some basic principles and Techniques, Hydrocarbons.

Haloalkanes and Haloarenes, alcohols, phenols and Ethers.8. Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic acids.9. Organic compounds containing nitrogen.10. Biomolecules, Polymers, Chemistry in everyday life.11. Environmental Chemistry.

Note : Prescribed Book : Text Books of Chemistry Class XI and Class XII NCERT Publication,latest edition.


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SYLLABUS

MBBS / BDS / BUMS / CET/ GENERAL NURSING ADMISSION TEST

BIOLOGY (BOTANY)

AN INTRODUCTION TO BOTANY

The living world – nature and scope of biology, characteristics of living organisms,

differences between plants and animals and taxonomic categories.

Biological classification – two kingdom classification and its short comings, five

kingdom classification, kingdom Monera, kingdom Protista, kingdom Fungi, kingdom

Plantae, kingdom Animalia and viruses, viroids, lichens and mycorrhizae.

Plant kingdom – algae, bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, angiosperms and plant

life cycles and alternation of generations.

STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION IN PLANTS

Morphology of flowering plants – the root, the stem, the leaf, the inflorescence, the

flower, the seed, semi-technical description of some important familities (Fabaceae,

Solanaceae, Liliaceae).

Anatomy of flowering plants – the tissues, the tissue system, anatomy of dicotyledonous

and monocotyledonous plants and secondary growth.

STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS

The plant cell – cell theory, structural organization (organelles and their function),

prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, cell wall, biomembranes and fluid mosaic model.

Biomolecules – primary and secondary metabolites, proteins, polysaccharides, nucleicacids, concept of metabolism and enzymes.

Cell cycle and cell division – cell cycle, mitosis and meiosis and their significance.

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY

Transport in plants – means of transport, plant water relations, long distance transport

of water, transpiration, uptake and transport of mineral nutrients and phloem transport

flow from source to sink.

Mineral nutrition – modes of nutrition, essential mineral elements and their major

functions, mechanism of absorption of elements and metabolism of nitrogen.


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Photosynthesis in higher plants – early experiments, seat of photosynthesis, pigments

involved in photosynthesis, light reaction dark reaction, the C4 pathway and

photorespiration.

Respiration in plants – gas exchange in plants, glycolysis, fermentation, aerobic

respiration, Krebs cycle, electron transport system and oxidative phosphorylation.

Plant growth and development – growth, differentiation, development, major plant

growth regulators, photoperiodism and vernalization.

REPRODUCTION

Reproduction in organisms – asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction.

Sexual reproduction in flowering plants – structure of flower, pollination, fertilization,

apomixes and ployembryony.

GENETICS AND EVOLUTION

Principles of inheritance and variation – Mendel’s laws of inheritance, inheritance of

one gene, inheritance of two genes, sex determination, mutation and genetic disorders.

Molecular basis of inheritance – nucleic acids, replication, transcription, genetic code,

translation, regulation of gene expression, DNA fingerprinting, gene pools and genetic

conservation.

Evolution – origin of life, evolution of life forms : a theory, evidences for evolution and

mechanism of evolution.

BIOLOGY (BOTANY) IN HUMAN WELFARE

Strategies for enhancement in food production – plant breeding and plant introduction,

use of fertilizers (economic and ecological aspects), use of pesticides (advantages and

hazards), single cell proteins, and tissue culture and its application.

Microbes in human welfare – microbes in household products, industrial products,

sewage treatment, production of biogas and microbes as biocontrol agents and as

biofertilisers, green manure, crop residues and nitrogen fixation (symbiotic and non-

symbiotic).

BIOTECHNOLOGY

Biotechnology : principles and processes – principles of biotechnology, tools of

recombinant DNA technology and processes of recombinant DNA technology.

Biotechnology and its application – biotechnological applications in agriculture and

medicine, and ethical issues.


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ECOLOGY

Organisms and population – organisms and its environment and populations.

Ecosystem – ecosystem structure and function, energy flow, food chain and food web,

ecological pyramids, ecological succession and nutrient cycling.

Biodiversity and conservation – biodiversity and its conservation.

Environmental issues – air, noise and water populations and their control, solid wastes,

agro-chemicals and theirs effects, radioactive wastes, green house effect and global

warning, eutrophication, ozone depletion, degradation by improper resource utilization,

conservation of natural resources and deforestation.

SYLLABUS

MBBS / BDS / BUMS / CET/ GENERAL NURSING ADMISSION TEST

ZOOLOGY

• Diversity of living organisms, Classification of the living organisms (FiveKingdom Classification major groups and principles of Classificationwithin kingdom : Protista and nimalia!" #ystematics and $inomialsystem of nomenclature, #alient features of animal classification (non%chordates up to Phylum level and chordates up to Class level!,&oological Parks and 'useum"

• issues in animals, 'orphology, anatomy and functions of differentsystems of an annielid (earthworm!, an insect (cockroach! and anamphi$ian (frog!"

•

)asic chemical constituents of living $odies" #tructure and function ofcar$ohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids, *n+ymes : ypes,properties and functions"

• Digestion and a$sorption, )reathing and espiration, )ody fluids andcirculation, *-cretory%products and elimination, .ocomotion andmovement, Control and Coordination, eproductive system in male andfemale, menstrual cycle, production of gametes, fertili+ation,implantation, em$ryo development, pregnancy parturition and lactation,eproductive /ealth : $irth control, contraception and se-ually

transmitted diseases, infertility"• /uman 0enetics : #e- determination in human $eing : 11, 12, .inkage

and Crossing over" 3nheritance pattern of haemophilia and $lood groups


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in human $eings, 0enome and /uman 0enome Project, D4fingerprinting"

• heories of organic evolution, *vidences and 'echanism of organicevolution"

• nimal /us$andry, )asic concept of immunology, vaccines, Pathogens,parasites, Cancer and 3D#, dolescence and drug 5 alcohol a$use,ecom$inant D4 technology"

• #pecies population and community, nimal ecological adaptation,

Centres of diversity and conservation of $iodiversity, 4ational parks and#anctuaries"

Mbbs_bds Syllabus 2014

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