INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES

Compiled and Presented by:Ms Shalini

“A person, who succeeds in the right way, is the one who inspires to succeed. He appreciates others’ problems too and tells them how to solve them. We should remember that our children, the future generation, start from only where we end.”

MEANING OF INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES

WHY OBJECTIVES???

• Give direction to trainers in the selection of methods and instructional resources.

• Form a basis to assess the learners and the training learning process.

• Let trainees know why any content is to be learnt.

TAXANOMY OF INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES

Objectives are broadly classified into 3 domains:

• Cognitive domain (deals with Thinking and problem-solving)

• Affective domain (deals with values, attitudes, interest etc…)

• Psychomotor domain (deals with skills)

MAIN CATEGORIES OF HUMAN BEHAVIOUR

• Knowledge

(HEAD)CognitiveDomain

Affective domain

Attitudes(HEART)

Skills(HANDS)

PsychomotorDomain

FEATURES OF INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES:

• Observable• Clear and unambiguous• Description of a learning outcome.

BLOOM’S TAXONOMY FOR COGNITIVE DOMAIN:

COGNITIVE LEVEL

WHAT IT MEASURES

ACTION WORDS

Evaluation Ability to measure the worth against stated criteria

Appraise,compare,contrast,conclude,critique,evaluate,judge,recommend

Synthesis Ability to put together separate ideas to form new whole,establish new relations

Combine, create, design, devise, generate, organize, plan, reorganize,revise,write.

Contd….Analysis Ability to use

learned material in new solutions

Apply,calculate,demonstrate,draw,estimate,manipulate….

comprehension Ability to grasp meaning and explain.

Convert, defend, distinguish,explain,generaliz, give,examples,paraphrase…….

knowledge Ability to recall previously learned material.

Define,describe,locate,quote,recite,repeat,restate,select……

INSTRUCTIONAL PLANNING:

A good plan is imperative or effective training. Successful

trainers are invariable good planners .It is a guide to the

trainer for helping trainees to achieve learning outcomes.

WHY PLAN???

• Accountability of trainers to trainees can be built.

• Training learning process will be better organized

• a sound plan provides a base for self-evaluation.• Ensures appropriate distribution of time for each

topic.

Contd…• Helps teachers to develop scientific approach

to teaching.• Enables teachers to select appropriate methods

and media.

WHAT IS LESSON PLAN???

• A lesson plan is a description of the sequence of activities to be engaged in by a trainer and his/her learners in order to achieve predetermined objectives.

• It would include a description of the instructional session, learning resources, instructional methods and evaluation to bring about the intended.

Contd….

• A lesson plan is a blueprint that identifies and describes activities that students may engage in during the lesson.

• A lesson plan is a functional document containing guidelines, indicating what is anticipated during instruction.

• A lesson plan is a document which shows how the available instructional time is budgeted to the various activities of the teacher and learner.

GOOD PLAN CHARACTERSTICS:

• Good plan takes into consideration the abilities, needs and interests of students.

• Good plan will be flexible enough for the trainer to make necessary changes as demanded by the trainees.

• Good plan will outline the instructional strategies.

• Good plan will have built in evaluation of trainees learning.

FORMAT OF A LESSON PLAN:

• There is no such thing as the “best or ideal” format of a lesson plan.

• The “best” format can be the one that works.• There is no universally acceptable list of

components for a lesson plan.• The components to be included must be such that

they help the trainer to systematize the instruction and provide a basis for assessing learning.

ELEMENTS THAT MAY BE INCLUDED:

• Objectives, specific content.• Learning pre-requisites and pre-assessment

procedures.• Instructional outline.• Post-assessment procedures.

QUESTIONS that lesson plan should answer:

• What skills , facts, concepts, attitudes, values should trainees learn?

• Why should learners learn?• What should learners be able to do as a result of

learning?• What are the most appropriate instructional

strategies?• What is the most appropriate sequence of topics

and tasks?