Mauri Kaipainen Narratology and ontological spaces.
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Transcript of Mauri Kaipainen Narratology and ontological spaces.
Mauri Kaipainen
Narratology and ontological spaces
Mauri Kaipainen
Narratology
≈Studies continuation of stories
WP definition
Mauri Kaipainen
Narration, narrative
Narration ≈ storytellingNarrative ≈ story
Mauri Kaipainen
Why on this course?• Story matters! Items floating in a space do not suffice to make sense in all respects.
• Interactive storytelling now possible• Demand for interactive storytelling • Hot development in arts, tech and business!
• Because soft ontology & multi-perspective offer a general narrative logic
Mauri Kaipainen
Linear narratives
The story has only one sequential way of unfolding.
Fox example:• Books, articles• Movies• Music• Etc.
Mauri Kaipainen
Linear ≠ chronological
Linear storytelling seldom sticks to chronological order
=> Natural to let the mind construct the story in a nonlinear context
Mauri Kaipainen
Nonlinear narratives & navigable narrative spacesThe story can unfold in many ways, along alternative tracks in the ontological space
(Linear?) story constructed• cognitively• experientially• emotionally
Mauri Kaipainen
Types of nonlinear storytelling • Interactive games, e.g. hockey, flight simulators
• Interactive books• Interactive cinema• Interactive TV• Interactive commercials• Interactive music?
Mauri Kaipainen
Ontology of narrative elements
Mauri Kaipainen
Narrative elements in ontological space• Ontological space (constituted by a soft ontology) inhabited by narrative elements
• Ontology derived by hand or automatically
• Mutual similarity relations depend on perspective chosen
Mauri Kaipainen
Database media
• Stored as a database • Can be retrieved in any order• Require an algorithm to compose to a story
Related concepts• Database art
Mauri Kaipainen
Soft Cinema
Lev Manovich’ database cinema concept
Video Samples
Mauri Kaipainen
Types of narrative elements• video clips• audio clips• generative parameters• behavioral gestures of
– humans (theatre)– avatars – robots
Mauri Kaipainen
Solution 1: Explicit rules• Randomness• Hand-set• Automatically from event stream
• Learning supervised
Mauri Kaipainen
Recency rule
Problem:How to guarantee that all elements are used?
Solution:Some recency function determining how soon after last occurrence a narrative element can reoccur => All material rotate
Mauri Kaipainen
Explicit ”soft” rules example
Mauri Kaipainen
Obsession
• Soft Ontology-background• Story driven by emotional perspective to narrative space, measured by biosensors
Introduction video
Mauri Kaipainen
Solution 2: Proximity-based rulesSoft-Ontology supports logics based on
• Smooth change with respect to some perspective
• Contrast with respect to some perspective
• Recency rule appliesPerspective is crucial!
Mauri Kaipainen
Input mapped to perspective• Perspective dictates smooth movements in ontological space, or
• Perspective dictates jumps in ontological space
Mauri Kaipainen
Input options
• Conventional mouse & keyboard• Anything! Consider alternative i/o!
• Movement tracking• Biosensors (e.g. Obsession)
Mauri Kaipainen
Key issues
• Guided navigation vs. free exploration
• Author’s role and purpose? Top-down vs. bottom-up?
• Told story vs. understood story?
Mauri Kaipainen
Literature
• Manovich, L.; Kratky, A. (2005) Soft Cinema: Navigating the Database. DVD-video with 40 page color booklet The MIT Press, 2005 ISBN 0-262-13456-X
• Kaipainen, M.; Thomas, M. (Eds.) (2006). Computational and spatially organised narrativity. Digital Creativity 2006, Vol. 17, No. 4, pp. 193-194. (Ask me)
• Murray, J. (1997). Hamlet on the Holodeck. MIT Press.
Mauri Kaipainen
Last time
Coordinates• latitude & longitude• experiential dimensions = communities = concepts
Mauri Kaipainen
Hands on
• Try to match concepts and • Consider ´narrative aspects of your concepts (”guided tours”)