MATTER Definition of matter. Properties of matter. Classification of matter. Physical states of...

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MATTER MATTER Definition of matter. Definition of matter. Properties of matter. Properties of matter. Classification of Classification of matter. matter. Physical states of Physical states of matter. matter. Physical changes in Physical changes in matter.

Transcript of MATTER Definition of matter. Properties of matter. Classification of matter. Physical states of...

Page 1: MATTER  Definition of matter.  Properties of matter.  Classification of matter.  Physical states of matter.  Physical changes in matter.  Chemical.

MATTERMATTERDefinition of matter.Definition of matter.

Properties of matter.Properties of matter.

Classification of matter.Classification of matter.

Physical states of matter.Physical states of matter.

Physical changes in matter.Physical changes in matter.

Chemical changes in matter.Chemical changes in matter.

Page 2: MATTER  Definition of matter.  Properties of matter.  Classification of matter.  Physical states of matter.  Physical changes in matter.  Chemical.

WHAT IS MATTER?WHAT IS MATTER?

Matter is everything around us that has Matter is everything around us that has

massmass and takes up and takes up spacespace. Matter can be . Matter can be

solid, liquid or gas. solid, liquid or gas. RocksRocks, , living thingsliving things, ,

waterwater and and airair are examples of matter. are examples of matter.

Page 3: MATTER  Definition of matter.  Properties of matter.  Classification of matter.  Physical states of matter.  Physical changes in matter.  Chemical.

Matter is made up of tiny particles, called Matter is made up of tiny particles, called

atomsatoms. Some atoms join together to make . Some atoms join together to make

groups known as groups known as moleculesmolecules..

WHAT IS MATTER?WHAT IS MATTER?

Page 4: MATTER  Definition of matter.  Properties of matter.  Classification of matter.  Physical states of matter.  Physical changes in matter.  Chemical.

PROPERTIES OF MATTERPROPERTIES OF MATTER

MASS

THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY

SOLUBILITY

HARDNESS

DENSITY

VOLUME

PROPERTIESPROPERTIES OF MATTEROF MATTER

Page 5: MATTER  Definition of matter.  Properties of matter.  Classification of matter.  Physical states of matter.  Physical changes in matter.  Chemical.

PROPERTIES OF MATTERPROPERTIES OF MATTER

MASSMASS

Mass is the amount of matter in an object.Mass is the amount of matter in an object.

We measure mass in grams or kilograms.We measure mass in grams or kilograms.

An apple has greater mass than a grape.

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PROPERTIES OF MATTERPROPERTIES OF MATTER

VOLUMEVOLUME

Volume is the amount of space an object Volume is the amount of space an object

occupies. Bigger objects have more occupies. Bigger objects have more

volume than smaller objects. We measure volume than smaller objects. We measure

volume in litres or mililitres.volume in litres or mililitres.

A car has larger volume than a motorcycle.

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THERMAL CONDUCTIVITYTHERMAL CONDUCTIVITY

Thermal conductivity is the ability of Thermal conductivity is the ability of

certain objects to conduct or transfer heat. certain objects to conduct or transfer heat.

Most metals are good heat conductors.Most metals are good heat conductors.

PROPERTIES OF MATTERPROPERTIES OF MATTER

Page 8: MATTER  Definition of matter.  Properties of matter.  Classification of matter.  Physical states of matter.  Physical changes in matter.  Chemical.

SOLUBILITYSOLUBILITY

Solubility is the ability of a substance to Solubility is the ability of a substance to

dissolve in other substance and form a dissolve in other substance and form a

solution.solution.

Sugar dissolves well in water, whereas oil does not.

PROPERTIES OF MATTERPROPERTIES OF MATTER

Page 9: MATTER  Definition of matter.  Properties of matter.  Classification of matter.  Physical states of matter.  Physical changes in matter.  Chemical.

HARDNESSHARDNESS

Hardness is the scratch-resistance of a Hardness is the scratch-resistance of a

solid.solid.

Diamonds are the hardest natural solids.

PROPERTIES OF MATTERPROPERTIES OF MATTER

Page 10: MATTER  Definition of matter.  Properties of matter.  Classification of matter.  Physical states of matter.  Physical changes in matter.  Chemical.

DENSITYDENSITYDensity is the amount of matter in a volume. We measure density Density is the amount of matter in a volume. We measure density

in kilograms per litre (Kg/l)in kilograms per litre (Kg/l)

density= mass/volumedensity= mass/volume

Density explains why some objects float in water while others sink.Density explains why some objects float in water while others sink.

PROPERTIES OF MATTERPROPERTIES OF MATTER

Page 11: MATTER  Definition of matter.  Properties of matter.  Classification of matter.  Physical states of matter.  Physical changes in matter.  Chemical.

PROPERTIES OF MATTERPROPERTIES OF MATTER

DENSITYDENSITY

Does it Does it floatfloat or does it or does it sinksink? Why?? Why?

densitydensity

corkcork 0,25 kg/l0,25 kg/l

waterwater 1,00 kg/l1,00 kg/l

ironiron 7,90 kg/l7,90 kg/l

Cork has a lower density than water. It floats!

Iron has a higher density than water.It sinks!

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CLASSIFICATION OF MATTERCLASSIFICATION OF MATTER

According to its composition, matter can According to its composition, matter can

be classified into pure substances and be classified into pure substances and

mixtures.mixtures.

Pure substancesPure substances are made up of only are made up of only

one type of matter.one type of matter.

MixturesMixtures are made up of two or more pure are made up of two or more pure

substances.substances.

Page 13: MATTER  Definition of matter.  Properties of matter.  Classification of matter.  Physical states of matter.  Physical changes in matter.  Chemical.

Silver or table salt are examples of pure substances.

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Sand or chocolate milk are examples of mixtures.

Heterogeneous mixture

Homogeneous mixture

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SEPARATING DIFFERENT TYPES SEPARATING DIFFERENT TYPES OF MIXTURESOF MIXTURES

FiltrationFiltration. . It´s used to separate It´s used to separate solidssolids from from liquidsliquids in in

heterogeneousheterogeneous mixtures. mixtures.

EvaporationEvaporation. . It´s used to separate It´s used to separate solidssolids from from liquidsliquids in in

homogeneoushomogeneous mixtures. mixtures.

DistillationDistillation. . It´s used to separate It´s used to separate liquidsliquids in in homogeneoushomogeneous

mixtures that boil at different temperatures.mixtures that boil at different temperatures.

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THE PHYSICAL STATES OF THE PHYSICAL STATES OF MATTERMATTER

SolidsSolids have a fixed volume and shape. have a fixed volume and shape.

LiquidsLiquids have a fixed volume, but not a fixed have a fixed volume, but not a fixed shape. shape.

GasesGases don´t have a fixed volume or shape. don´t have a fixed volume or shape.

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PHYSICAL CHANGES IN MATTERPHYSICAL CHANGES IN MATTER

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A new substance is produced. A new substance is produced. OxidationOxidation. . When substances combine with When substances combine with

oxigen. It produces rustoxigen. It produces rust

CombustionCombustion. . When objects or substances When objects or substances are burned. It produces smoke and ashes.are burned. It produces smoke and ashes.

CHEMICAL CHANGES IN MATTERCHEMICAL CHANGES IN MATTER