Matter Around Us

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IT MATTERS A LOT! A Presentation on Matter in our surroundings

description

A PPT based on the Matter Around us. With Reference to NCERT book Class 9 and Obviously with GOOGLE!!!! (Nothings possible without a little bit of googling!)

Transcript of Matter Around Us

Page 1: Matter Around Us

IT MATTERS A LOT!A Presentation on Matter in our

surroundings

Page 2: Matter Around Us

WHAT IS MATTER?

Everything in this universe is made up of a material called matter.

Matter is anything that has mass occupies space and can be felt by our 5 senses. Some examples of Matter books, water, oxygen and even we, humans.

All matter is the same because all matter is made up of atoms. Matter is also different because objects can be made up of different kinds of atoms. Gold is made of one kind of atom-gold atoms. Salt is made up of two different kinds of atoms-sodium atoms and chloride atoms.

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PHYSICAL NATURE OF MATTER

1. Matter is made up of Particles.PROOF- When we dissolve salt in water, we can notice that the level of water does not increase. This is because the particles of salt gets into the spaces between the particles of water.

2. Particles of Matter are very small.PROOF- Take 2-3 potassium permanganate and dissolve them in 100mL of water. Take out 10Ml of this solution and put it into 90mL of clear water. Keep diluting the solution like this 5 to 8 times. We will notice that with every dilution, though the colour becomes light is still visible. Thus, we conclude that there must be millions of tiny particles in just one crystal which keep on dividing themselves into smaller and smaller particles to colour such a large volume of water.

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CHARACTERISITICS OF PARTICLES OF MATTER

Particles of Matter have space between themPROOF- When we make tea, coffee or lemonade, particles of one type of matter get into the spaces between particles of the other. This shows that there is enough space between particles of matter

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Particles of Matter are continuously moving.PROOF – Burn an incense stick in a corner of a room and move to the other corner of the same room. The incense stick can be smelled in the other corner too. This proves that the Particles of Matter are continuously moving.They possess Kinetic Energy. As the temperature increases, theparticles move faster. So, with increase of temperature the kinetic energy of the particles also increases.

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Particles of Matter attract each otherPROOF- Try breaking an iron nail, a chalk and a rubber band by hammering, cutting or stretching. The iron nail will require the greatest strength to break it, rubber band requires medium strength and chalk requires little strength. Thus, matter that requires greater strength are held together with greater force while others are held together by weaker force. This proves that Particles of Matter attract each other.

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STATES OF MATTER

Matter around us exists in FIVE different states- However we will concentrate on the three main onesSolidLiquidGasPlasmaBEC

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PROPERTY SOLID LIQUID GAS

SHAPE Definite Not definite Not definite

VOLUME Definite Definite Not definite

DENSITY High Moderate Low

FLUIDITY Not fluid To some extent Can flow quickly

COMPRESSIBILITY Incompressible To some extent Highly compressible

DIFFUSION No diffusion To some extent Quick diffusion

INTERMOLECULARSPACES Negligible Some space Far away

INTERMOLECULARFORCES OF

ATTRACTIONStrong Moderate Weakest

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GAS

LIQUIDSOLID

On increasing the temperature of solids, the kinetic energy of the particles increases.Due to the increase in kinetic energy, the particles start vibrating with greater speed.The energy supplied heat overcomes the forces of attraction between the particles.The particles leave their fixed positions and start moving freely.A stage is reached when the solid melts and is converted to liquidThe melting point of ice is 273.16K. The process of melting, that is, change of solid state into liquid state is known as Fusion.The state of matter can be changed into another state by changing the temperature.The temperature at which a solid melts to become a liquid at the atmospheric pressure is called its Melting Point.The temperature at which liquid starts boiling at the atmospheric pressure is called its Boiling point.A change of state directly from solid to gas without changing into liquid is called sublimation.This phenomenon of change of liquid into vapours at any temperature below its boiling point is called Evaporation

EFFECT OF CHANGE IN TEMPERATURE

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CREDITSFORMATTINGSHREYAN DAS

RISEN V MATTHEW

CONTENTRHYTHM KAUSHALSAKSHAM CHOPRA

RIYA KHATRI

EDITTING AND OMMISSIONRIYA KHATRI

SHAARON MARK

PICTURESRAHUL BISHT

SIDDHANT KATYAL