Matter

Anything that has mass and takes up space (volume)

What is NOT matter???

Classification of Matter

Matter

Can it be separated by physical means?

If yes….

Then you have a Mixture

Physical ways to separate a mixture

• Filtering

(particle size)

• Distillation

(boiling point)

(dissolved solid)

Physical ways to separate a mixture

• Chromatography

(attraction to paper)

Is the mixture uniform throughout?

• IF yes, it is HOMOGENEOUS

If no, then the mixture is Heterogeneous

Homogeneous vs. Heterogeneous mixtures

MatterCan it be separated by physical means?

MixtureIs it uniform throughout?

Substance

HomogeneousGatoradeBronzeBrass

Homogenized beverages

HeterogeneousDirt

Sea shellsRocky road ice cream

Non-homogenized beverages

YES NO

YES NO

If matter can NOT be separated by physical means….

It is a SUBSTANCE

If the substance can’t be broken down, it is an ELEMENT

Elements are made of only one type of atom

Ex. Aluminum, carbon, oxygen

SUBSTANCEIf the substance CAN be broken down into 2

or more elements, it is a COMPOUND.

Compounds are made of two or more different kinds of atoms chemically bonded together.

COMPOUNDEx. Water is a compound made of the

elements Hydrogen and Oxygen.

The RATIO of elements in a compound always stay the same. In WATER the ratio is always 2 Hydrogens to 1 Oxygen, or 2:1

MatterCan it be separated by physical means?

MIXTUREIs it uniform throughout?

SUBSTANCECan it be broken down?

HomogeneousGatoradeBronzeBrass

Homogenized beverages

HeterogeneousDirt

Sea shellsRocky road ice cream

Non-homogenized beverages

COMPOUNDWATER H20SALT NaCl

ELEMENTAluminum

Graphite (Carbon)

YES NO

YES NO Yes NO

ELEMENTS can be….

• MONATOMIC : single atoms Al

• DIATOMIC : two of the same atom bonded together in pairs O2

• POLYATOMIC: three or more of the same atom bonded together O3

7 Diatomic Elements

Particles of Matter

Review

What is……

MATTER

SUBSTANCE

MIXTURE

ELEMENT

COMPOUND

HETEROGENEOUS VS. HOMOGENEOUS

CHEMISTRY: THE STUDY OF MATTER

Did you know that……..

One of the most popular “foods” in the United States is an entirely SYNTHETIC (man-made) mixture.

Can you guess what it is?

SODA

The average person consumes 40 GALLONS (!)

of soda each year

Mixture:carbonated watersweetener, acids,flavorings, caffeine

States of Matter

GAS LIQUID SOLID