Matter
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Transcript of Matter
GENERAL CONCEPTS
MATTER: IT IS ALL AROUND US. IT CAN BE SOLID, LIQUID OR GAS.
MASS: IT IS HOW MUCH MATTER AN OBJECT HAS (FOR EXAMPLE, KILOGRAMS,
GRAMS, METRIC TONES, LITRES, ETC.)
VOLUME: IT IS THE QUANTITY OF SPACE THAT AN OBJECT TAKES UP.
STATES OF MATTER
Do they have a definite shape?
Do they have a definite volume?
SOLIDS Yes, they do. Yes, they do because they always take up the
same space .Their particles are closely
packed.
LIQUIDS No, they don’t, because they adapt to the shape
of the container they are in.
Yes, they do because they always take up the
same space .Their particles are packed.
GASES No, they don’t because they adapt to the shape
of the container they are in.
No, they don’t because they expand to fill the container they are in. Their particles are not
packed.
CHANGES IN MATTER
THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF CHANGES:
PHYSICAL CHANGES
Physical changes happen when matter changes shape and
changes state but the substance does not change.
EXAMPLES OF PHYSICAL CHANGES
WHEN WE FREEZE A SUBSTANCE WE HAVE A PHYSICAL CHANGE
WHEN WE BEND A SUBSTANCE WE HAVE A PHYSICAL CHANGE
WHEN WE TWIST A SUBSTANCE, WE HAVE A PHYSICAL CHANGE
WHEN WE SQUASH A SUBSTANCE, WE HAVE A PHYSICAL
CHANGE
WHEN WE HEAT A SUBSTANCE, WE HAVE A PHYSICAL CHANGE
WHEN WE STRETCH AN OBJECT, WE HAVE A PHYSICAL CHANGE
A CHEMICAL CHANGE IS WHEN A NEW SUBSTANCE (OR MATTER) IS PRODUCED.
When we burn something
When we expose a substance to air we have a chemical change
A rusted pipe
When we cook something, we have a chemical change
This is also called a mixture
MIXTURES
A mixture is something that contains two or more substances.
Mixtures can be HETEROGENEOUS or HOMOGENEOUS.
HETEROGENEOUS
In heterogeneous mixtures, it is easy to
see the different substances.
HOMOGENEOUS
In homogeneous mixtures, it isn’t
possible to see the different substances.
CURIOUS EXAMPLES OF MIXTURES
WATER (H2O) IS MADE UP OF ONE OXYGEN MOLECULE AND TWO HYDROGEN
MOLECULES
H2O NH3
CO2 CH4
GRANITE IS MADE UP OF THREE MINERALS:
QUARTZ, FELDESPATE AND
MICA