Maternal Depression and Child Development Ashley Caryl.
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Transcript of Maternal Depression and Child Development Ashley Caryl.
![Page 1: Maternal Depression and Child Development Ashley Caryl.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022083007/56649e4d5503460f94b43158/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Maternal Depression and Child Development
Ashley Caryl
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Definition of Maternal Definition of Maternal DepressionDepression
• The caretaker is depressed causing concern for the child’s developmental needs.
• Maternal: Relating to or characteristic of a mother or motherhood; motherly: maternal instinct.
• Depression: Miserable or unhappy
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FactsFacts• Twenty percent of parents living in households
receiving welfare showed symptoms of depression in the year 2004, compared with 4 percent of parents in families that did not receive welfare.
• One in ten women who are pregnant will experience depression and approximately 13 percent of new mothers experience postpartum depression.
• The rate of increase of depression among children is an astounding 23% p.a.
• 41% of depressed women are too embarrassed to seek help.
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CausesCauses
• A history of depression and mood disorders.
• Poor marital relationship
• Stress factors
• Substance abuse
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SymptomsSymptoms
• postpartum blues • Crying, confusion, mood swings, anxiety and
depressed mood. Lasting a few hours to a few days. Beginning within the first week of pregnancy.
• Postpartum psychosis – Delusions, hallucinations and a major
impairment in functioning. Beginning within four weeks
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SymptomsSymptoms
• Postpartum depression – Dissatisfaction moods,
fatigue, anorexia, sleep disturbances, anxiety, excessive guilt and suicidal thoughts. Can develop at the first sight of pregnancy.
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Possible interventionsPossible interventions
• Pharmacotherapy: treatment of a disease with drugs. (anti-depressants)
• Social Support and psycho educational interventions.
• Family Therapy with school aged children and their parents dealing with depression.
• Psychotherapy
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Impact on DevelopmentImpact on Development
• Mother Infant interactionsIntrusiveness
-hostile effect- infants activity is slowed and hesitant-less dependent on caregiver causing mother to pull further away.
Withdrawal-mothers are disengaged.-mothers are unresponsive.
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Impact on DevelopmentImpact on Development• Toddlers and
Preschoolers– Child is more
vulnerable than other children as well as at a higher risk of being aggressive, destructive, less creative at play, and in some cases respond negatively to others when approached in a friendly manner.
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Impact on DevelopmentImpact on Development
• School Age Children– Develop an impaired
adaptive functioning.– Struggles to solve
problems.– Has difficulty focusing
and paying attention.– Difficulty in mathematical
calculations and solving.– ADHD (Attention Deficit
Hyperactive Disorder)
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Impact on DevelopmentImpact on Development
• Adults– depression– Attention
deficit/hyperactivity disorder and learning disorders
– Anxiety– Phobias– Substance abuse and
alcohol dependency
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RecommendationsRecommendations
• Physician should watch for signs of mother-child interaction difficulties, and behavioural and developmental problems in the child.
• Ask a few screening questions and facilitate contact with the mother’s physician or psychiatric services.
• Mothers who have taken antidepressant medication during pregnancy should be reassured that much of the evidence to date shows that there is no increased risk of teratogenicity or fetal anomalies.
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ReferencesReferences
• http://www.cps.ca/english/statements/PP/pp04-03.htm#Introduction • http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/medicalnews.php?newsid
=14653• http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhis.htm • http://www.medicalnewstoday.com• http://home.att.net/~s.l.keim/DepressiveDisorders.gif