Materials Proj

8/14/2019 Materials Proj

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Materials

ManagementAditya Constructions

Submitted by:

Nitin Mohan GuptaS.Y.B.M.S.

A – 35



Introduction

Aditya Construction is a private company which was started in the 1980’s.

They specialize in all types of civil and plumbing work. Their earlier

construction was done in and around Mumbai. Some of their major

constructions include:

1. Mehul Towers – constructed during the years 1985 – 86 in Kandivali

2. Dheeraj Apartments – constructed during 1984 – 85 in Dahisar area

Since, then their operations have shifted from Mumbai to Gujarat where

they have done the entire construction work over areas the size of Vile –Parle and Santa Cruz. One of the best examples of their work is the Pardi

area in Gujarat developed entirely by Aditya Constructions.

Aditya constructions have also set up several residential building

complexes in several cities of Gujarat. The company has made several

civic buildings all over Gujarat. Raj Hospital is a famous hospital which has

been constructed by the firm.

Several shopping malls construction contracts have also been given to the

company. The company has also taken work at highly discounted rates

since the Gujarat earthquakes and is working to rebuild the areas affected

by the unfortunate incident.



Hierarchy in the Company

Owner (Mr. Atul Desai)

1 Civil Engineer

(For each construction project)

2 site supervisors

Labor Contractors

Aditya Constructions has their own labor contractors who find laborers for

construction projects from around the command area of the project site.



Government

Any new construction that has to be undertaken has to be first approved by

the government civic body i.e. the municipality of that particular area. Themain thing that the company checks for before moving on with the project

is:

The validity of the purchase of the land which is going to be worked

Any special restrictions set by the authorities for the land area to be

used for construction

Importance of that land for the local habitants

After the above requirements are satisfied the company’s architect for the

project is called and asked to make a plan which is to be submitted to the

civic authorities. The rules followed for the construction of residential

buildings and other civic buildings are different. The rules have been set

before hand and the architect has to get the plans passed through the

proper authorities before the actual construction work and other functions

can start.

The Ownership of the land to be constructed upon has to be run a check

upon by the officials and it has to be proven whether this has been

procured properly or not.



MATERIALS

Aditya Construction

New Constructions Repairs Interiors

Exteriors Interiors

Materials requirements used for each of the above works done by the

company are different. The most common materials used are –

A. Cement

B. Sand

C. Bricks

New constructions are done on a project by project basis i.e.If the company is asked to take a contract having seven buildings to be

constructed the company work on each building is considered as one

project. The designs for all the buildings are designed and submitted to the

government officials beforehand. When the officials pass the plans made

and submitted by the each project site is appointed with a civil engineer

and two site supervisors. New Constructions include both exterior and

interior works.

The Material requirements are calculated on the basis of the project

requirements. They purchase orders sent are a little below the calculated

cost so that if there is excess wastage the materials can be called for

accordingly.



The materials used and the rates for new constructions are

Cement – Rs. 165/bag (50 kg)

Sand – Rs. 2,500/100 cubic feet

Bricks – Rs. 2,500/1,000 bricks

Rubble – RS. 1,500/100 cubic feet

Metal No. 1 – Rs. 1,600/100 cubic feet

Metal No. 2 – Rs. 1,600/100 cubic feet

Tor Steel – Rs. 32,000/ton (1,000 kg) Mild Steel – Rs. 30,000/ton (1,000 kg)

Laborer – Rs. 110/day

Specialists – Rs. 250/day

Ceramic – Rs. 350/day

Electricals – Rs. 120/running ft.

Plumbings – Rs. 100/running ft.

Fittings & Fixtures – Rs. 5,000/flat Paints (Int.) – Rs. 3/sq. ft.

Paints (Ext.) – Rs. 2/sq. ft.

Lobby and Passages – Rs. 200/sq. ft.

Miscellaneous (Taxes, Levies, Rates, Duties etc.) – Rs. 100/sq. ft.

Most of the materials do not require material handling or storage facilities to

store them. Most of the materials can be stored in the open except cement.

Cement requires storage so as to protect it from humidity. Cement when

comes in contact with humidity looses its holding capability and looses it

properties i.e. its grade falls. Hence, for storage of cement it is stored within

closed areas such that the walls are 2 feet away from the stocks and the

ceiling is a feet higher than the cement height. Also the cement is placed a

feet above the flooring level.



The Chemicals are available in their very own storage cans which ensure

quality does not deteriorate. The usage procedure of materials is FIFO i.e.

First In First Out

The Basic Rates and the consumption of materials are shown below:

ItemNo. Name Rate (Rs.) Consumption Value Consumption (Rs.)

1 Cement 165/Bag (50 kg) 8,000 13,20,000

2 Sand 2,500/100 cub.ft 1,00,000 25,00,000

3 Bricks 2,500/1,000 1,60,000 4,00,000

4 Rubble 1,500/100 cub.ft 20,000 3,00,000

5 Metal No.1 1,600/100 cub.ft 25,000 4,00,000

6 Metal No. 2 1,600/100 cub.ft 25,000 4,00,000

7 Tor Steel 32,000/ton 120 38,40,000

8 Mild Steel 30,000/ton 100 30,00,000

9 Labor 110/day 1,00,000 1,10,00,000

10 Specialists 250/day 5,000 12,50,000

11 Ceramic 350/day 100 35,000

12 Electricals 120/running ft. 20,000 24,00,000

13 Plumbings 100/running ft. 4,000 4,00,000

14 Fittings 5,000/flat 200 1,00,000

15 Paints(Int.) 3/sq. ft. 1,00,000 3,00,000

16 Paints(Ext.) 2/sq. ft. 50,000 1,00,000



17 Lobby & Passages 200/sq. ft. 3,500 7,00,000

18 Miscellaneous 100/sq. ft. 20,000 2,00,000

TOTAL COST 2,86,45,000

The ABC Analysis

Sr. No. Item No. Value Consumption Cumulative Cost

1 9 1,10,00,000 1,10,00,000

2 7 38,40,000 1,48,40,000

3 8 30,00,000 1,78,40,000

4 2 25,00,000 2,03,40,000

5 12 24,00,000 2,27,40,000

6 1 13,20,000 2,40,60,000

7 10 12,50,000 2,53,10,000

8 17 7,00,000 2,60,10,000

9 3 4,00,000 2,64,10,000

10 5 4,00,000 2,68,10,000

11 6 4,00,000 2,72,10,000

12 13 4,00,000 2,76,10,000

13 4 3,00,000 2,79,10,000

14 15 3,00,000 2,82,10,000

15 18 2,00,000 2,84,10,000



16 14 1,00,000 2,85,10,000

17 16 1,00,000 2,86,10,000

18 11 35,000 2,86,45,000

70% of the cost is taken for ‘A’ Items

I.e. 70% of 2,86,45,000 = 2,00,51,500

Hence, Items No. 9, 7, 8, 2 fall in ‘A’ Category

Therefore, exact % of ‘A’ Item is

2,03,40,000 / 2,86,45,000 * 100 = 71.01%

(A+B) Items together form 90% of Value Consumption [i.e. 70% + 20%]

Therefore, 90% of V.C is 2,57,80,500

The value of ‘B’ Items is 2,57,80,500 – 2,00,51,500 = 57,29,000

Hence Item No. 12, 1, 10, 17 fall in ‘B’ Category

Therefore, the exact cost of ‘B’ Items is 56,70,000

% of ‘B’ Items is 56,70,000 / 2,86,45,000 * 100 = 19.79%

Balance Items are ‘C’ Items

Category Value Consumption Items

% Cost (Rs.) % No. of Items

A 71.01 2,03,40,000 22.2 4

B 19.79 56,70,000 22.2 4

C 9.2 26,35,000 55.6 10



A - 71.01

B - 19.79

C - 9.20

Repairs

Repairs are of three types:

1. Structural Repairs

2. Replastering

3. Water Proofing

In repairing the major new components used other than the standard

materials are

a) Polymer – Rs. 175 to 200 per kg

b) Epoxy – Rs. 400 per kg

c) Quartz Sand – Rs. 3.50 per kg

The major function of Polymer, Epoxy and other chemicals is to strengthen

the damaged R.C.C. (Reinforced Cement Concentrate) structure while

Quartz Sand is mixed with these chemicals to increase the effect of the

chemicals.

Interiors

The materials used here are:

Plaster of Paris

Tiles

Flooring Material (Granite, Mosaic Tiles, Ceramic)

Wooden Flooring



Fall Ceiling

Furniture

a) Plywood

b) Fevicol

c) Nails, screw

d) Sumica

e) Polish Wood

• Normal polish

• Melamine Polish

• Lamination Polish

Plumbing Work

1. Galvanized iron pipe for supply of water

2. Outer Drainage pipe

• Asbestos cement pipe

• P.V.C. pipe

• C.I. pipe

Electrical Works

a) Conduit P.V.C. pipe

• 1 x 18 wire – Light Point• 3 x 20 wire – Geysers

• 7 x 20 wire – Heavier Electrical – used in main

connections

b) Cables

• Armor Cables – used as highly damage resistant

• Normal Cables – used as lining Cables

c) D.Pd) Plugs

e) Switches

Painting

a) Exteriors

• Cement Paint



• Acrylic Paint

b) Interiors

• Whitewash

• Dry distemper

• Oil bound distemper

• Oil paint

• Plastic paint

• Acrylic Paint

• Velvet Paint

• Luster Paint

Suppliers & Quality Checking

Cement – Since it is the most important material used in

construction, cement is only bought from named suppliers like

Gujarat Ambuja which provide branded sealed bags. These

companies have their distributors located in areas from where these

goods are procured. Paints, Plumbings are also purchased through

their respective branded companies.

Sand – It is procured from local suppliers and its quality is judged by

the “Silt Content Test” i.e. if 100 gms. of sand is placed in a liter of

water then the silt formed at the bottom of the beaker should be less

than 1% i.e. about only a gm of the sand should settle down in the

form of silt. Electricals and wood for furniture etc. are also purchased

from local suppliers only.

Bricks – the suppliers are usually local suppliers. The bricks are

tested by first checking the color of the brick is red, then by dropping

the brick from a height of 10 ft. and finally the bricks should not melt



when water is poured on them. These are general tests which are

seen while the work is done and not done in the lab.

Chemicals – are purchased from specific branded companies and

then are tested in a lab for the necessary quality.

The Certificates for these tests are provided to the customer only when the

customer or client asks for it. All the suppliers are informed about the

requirements via a call and the delivery is done by the suppliers who bear

the transportation costs for the materials they supply.

Machines

Most of the machines used are only used in new constructions. The

company usually rents the machines but they have started buying the

machines since they are cheaper that way.

1. Crane – Crane is basically used to liftheavy materials and building aids like

bamboos to the place where they areneeded.There are several types of cranes butthe most used by the company is themovable crane.

2. Earth Movers and Bull Dozers – Theseare used to move the dirt, sand andearth away from a site and is either sent else where or is used for construction if it is suitable for use inthe construction



3. Cement Mixer – One of the mostimportant machines used in

constructions today. They arealso of two types – one is the bigversion which is automatic withcontrols in it. It sits on a hugetruck which is used to transportwherever it is needed. Thesecond is the hand version –small and equally movable and isused for smaller type of mixing.



4. Truck – These trucks are the basicway in which the materials aretransported from the suppliers tothe construction site. These trucks

do not require men to empty it andhence it is time saving especiallywhen the workers are paid on adaily basis.

Materials Proj

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