Materials and their uses 1
Transcript of Materials and their uses 1
MATERIAL AND
THEIR USES Arch. Eman M. Morsy
Sustainable or Green Design
Cradle to Cradle
Extraction of
Raw Materials
Distribution
USE
Reuse/Recyclin
gTransportation
Manufacturing
Interior Environment Impact Interior Air Quality Asbestosis the name given to a group of naturally occurring minerals
used in certain products, such as building materials and vehicle brakes, to resist heat and corrosion. Fire Risks Sick-Building Syndrome
Types of Materials Natural materials = unchanged• Trees are cut first into logs, then into boards, or lumber, of
standardized forms and sizes.
Processed materials = • Clay to brick or tile
• Sand and small stones (aggregates) form concrete.
• Wood sliced into thin sheets of veneer, and layers of veneer glued together to form plywood.
Synthetic materials = do not exist in nature, such as glass or plastics
• Glass made from sand and various other elements fused by heat.
Basic Materials Wood
Masonry
Metal
Synthetics
• Glass
• Plastics
• Manufactured products
Hybrids and Miscellaneous
• Woven fibers
• Leather, cork, rubber
• Rope, cord, netting
• Paper
• Hardboard; chalkboard, and tack-board
• Ceiling tile
WOODStructural
Interior
Structural Timber • This is turn limits timber building
structure to a frame, that is, a
cage of grid of long members
put together with diagonal
bracing members to form a
sturdy structural supports for
whatever wall and roofing
material will be used.
• added plywood and
particleboard to the list of
timber materials
• both make economical use
of wood.
• Useful for sheathing walls,
roofs, and floors.
Interior Use of Wood
Softwood – wood from
evergreen trees• Redwood-cypress
• used in : out of doors -interior
paneling
Hardwood – wood from
deciduous trees • Mahogany- Oak-walnut
• used in : furniture - decorative
applications
Plywood Veneer
INTERIOR WOODS
Widely used material,
its made by bonding
together a number of
layers.
Wood can be cut into
very thin slices.
Particle Board Molded Plywood
INTERIOR WOODS
A sheet material made
by pressing together
wood chips and
sawdust with an
adhesive to make a
board or panel.
Layers of veneer are
pressed between
molds while being
glued together to form
plywood.
WOOD JOINTS
MASONRY
Stone Brick
The rough form of rubble
or fieldstone.
The oldest surviving
buildings and ceremonial
structures are all stones.
Types of stones : granite –
limestone – marble.
Brick is a modular
material made by
firing special clays into
units.
Mortar is used to hold
brick together.
MASONRY
Concrete Block Tile
(cement block)
manufactured
masonry material
popular for its strength
and low cost. Usually
made hollow to save
material and reduce
weight.
Is made in many forms:
ceramic tiles with
glazed surface in
varied colors and
patterns.
METALS Structural
Iron began to replace
masonry in many types of
large buildings and was
itself replaced by
stronger steel ( iron alloyed
with carbon).
Toward the end of the
nineteenth, it was
recognized as the best
material for the structural
frames of tall buildings.
Richard Rogers
Center Georges Pompidou
Monumental aspect in the
city
METALS Interior Use
Wrought IronAluminum
Light weight and resistance to
rusting.
Used : architecture details-
window frames – exterior wall
cladding.
Wrought iron is used for
decorative railing.
METALS Interior Use
SteelMany small elements such
as doorframes, doors,
windows sashes, and
handrails.
GLASS
Windows
Shower
Surround
Mirror
Decorative
Glass