Air Barrier Paper

• A synthetic replacement material and sheathing tar paper. functions as a weather-resistant barrier, preventing rain from getting into the wall while allowing water vapor to pass to the exterior.

Attic Ventilation

• It is needed to allow water vapor to escape, and keep the house cooler in the summer by preventing the buildup of solar heat through the roofing and roof sheathing.

Soffit Vent

Ridge Vent

Gable Vent

Roof Turbine

Backhoe

• 3 foot bucket• It is a piece of

equipment with a digging bucket on the end that is used for excavating.

Batter Boards

• A pair of horizontal boards nailed to posts set at the corners of an excavation, used to indicate the desired level, also as a fastening for stretched strings to indicate outlines of foundation walls.

Brick Arches

Arch with a Keystone

Roman Arch

Segmental Arch

Centering- Is the structure that the material for the arch is laid on during construction.

Brick BondsHeader

Rowlock

Flemish Bond – The courses alternate between headers and stretchers.

Running Bond – The courses are stretchers all the way across.

Soldier

Sailor

Brick Sizes

Utility Brick – 113 ½ ‘’ x ½ ‘’ x 3 ½ ‘’

Modular Brick – 3 ½’’ x 7 ½ ‘’ x 2 ¼ ‘’

Bulldozer

• A crawler equipped with a substantial metal plate, used to push large quantities of soil, sand, rubble, etc., during construction work.

Cladding

Brick

Stone – Random Rubble

Wood Boards

EIFS

Wood Shingles and Shakes – They are a siding that modernly are either sawn or split. Wood shakes are thicker and usually left undressed.

Code Requirements

Yes it meets code.

Concrete Joints

Isolation Joint (Column is isolated from the slab) - Separation that allows adjoining parts of a structure to move freely from one another, both in the horizontal and vertical directions, usually a saw cut.

Control Joint – An intentional, linear discontinuity in a structure or component, designed to form a plane of weakness where cracking can occur because of various forces so to minimize or eliminate cracking elsewhere in the structure.

Concrete Masonry Units

8’’ CMU Block - The workhorses of masonry construction. They are concrete masonry units or CMU’s. The serve primarily in foundations, retaining walls, and fireplaces.

12’’ CMU Block

4’’ CMU Block

Decorative Concrete Masonry Units

Split Face Block

Doors

Flush Door

Sidelight- A tail, narrow window alongside a door.

Panel Door

Transom- A small window directly above a door.

Top Rail

Stile

Panel

Lock Rail

Bottom Rail

Electrical ComponentsDuplex Receptacle- Electrical outlet with space for two plugs.

Service Panel- The main panel or cabinet through which electricity is brought into the building and then distributed to various branch circuits.

Transformer Box- An electrical device that changes the voltage of alternation current.

Meter- A meter for measuring the amount of electric power used

Service Head- The assembly by which electricity is conducted from outdoor lines to the meter base.

Framing Elements8 Stringer

6 Anchor Bolt

2 Sub flooring

1 Floor Joist

12 Sheathing

9 Ceiling Joist

10 Rafter

11 Roof Decking

3 Sole

Plate

5 Top

Plate

7 Sill Plate

4 Stud

Front End Loader

• A heavy equipment machine that is primarily used to load material into or onto another type of machinery. It has a front mounted square wide bucket connected to the end of two booms arms to scoop up loose material from the ground.

Gypsum Board

• An interior facing panel consisting of a gypsum core sandwiched between paper faces.

Heat Pump

Compressor/evaporator – the exterior component that moves outdoor air across coils containing refrigerant to change the temperature of the refrigerant.

Advantage- the ability to heat a house rapidly and the potential to integrate other climate control devices with it.

Disadvantage- It is difficult to zone because the furnace supplies air to the supply ducts at a single temperature, and the outside units are noisy.

Air handling unit- Device used to condition and circulate air as part of a heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning system.

InsulationA material with a low thermal conductivity that is included in a building assembly for the purpose of reducing heat flow through the assembly.

Batt/Blanket insulation

Loose fill

Rigid Board

Foamed

Lintel

Steel Lintel

- A beam that carries the load of a wall across a window or door opening.

Mortar

Concave Joint, 3/8 inch, tooled, used on office building, and type S.

Vee Joint, 3/8 inch, troweled joint, used on office building, and type S.

Oriented Strand Board

A non-veneered panel product that is made of long wood particles compressed and glued into three to five layers. They are oriented in the same manner in each layer as the grains of the veneer layer in plywood.

Plumbing

Vent through the roof- Creates a way for harmful waste gases to escape the house that buildup in the pipes.

Drop-in sink

Manufactured

Shower and

Tub

Water closet- 3 inch

Lavatory- 1 ½ inch

Plywood

A wood panel composed of an odd number of layers of wood veneer bonded together under pressure. The layers are glued together so that adjacent plies have their wood grain at right angles to each other for greater strength.

Veneer- A thin layer, sheet, or facing.

Radiant BarrierA reflective foil placed adjacent to an airspace in roof or wall assemblies as a deterrent to the passage of infrared energy.

Rebar

#4 Rebar

Ridges are for better mechanical anchoring in the concrete.

Steep Roof Drainage

Splash block- A small pre-cast block of concrete or plastic used to divert water at the bottom of a downspout.

Down spout- A vertical pipe for conducting water from a roof to a lower level.

Gutter- A channel that collects rainwater and snowmelt at the eave of a roof.

Steep Roof Materials

Underlayment - A panel laid over a sub floor to create a smooth, stiff surface for the application of finish flooring.

Clay tile roof

Metal Panel Roof – Materials used are enamel coated galvanized steel, copper, lead coated copper, stainless steel, terne, and terne coated stainless steel.

Steep Roof Shapes

Gable Roof

Gambrel Roof

Hop Roof

Mansard Roof

Steep Roof Terms

Roof without fascia

Ridge Rake Valley Eave Fascia Soffit

Rake- The sloped perimeter edge of a roof that runs from the eaves to the ridge. The rake is usually perpendicular to the eaves and ridge.

Ridge- The line where two planes of roof intersect, forming the highest point on the roof that runs the entire length of the roof.

Valley- The internal intersection of two sloping roof planes that runs from the eaves to the ridge. This intersection collects the most water run-off.

Eave- A roof edge that extends out past the exterior wall line.

Fascia- Vertical roof trim located along the perimeter of a building, usually below the roof level. Its use can be either decorative or for waterproofing. Soffit- The underside of

a roof overhang.

Stone

Coursed Ashlar

Random Rubble Coursed Rubble

Vapor Retarder

A layer of material intended to obstruct the passage of water vapor through a building assembly. Usually on the inside of insulation or the warmer side of the insulation layer.

Waterproofing

Weep Hole

Weep Hole

A small opening whose purpose is to permit drainage of water that accumulates inside a building component or assembly.

Welded Wire Fabric

Windows

Single-hung because it has one moving sash that slides up and down in tracks in the frame of the window.

Sliding because it is essentially a single hung or double hung laid on its side where the tracks in the frame hold the sash securely along two opposite sides.

Casement because it is hinged along the side of the window.