Smart City – Mass Transportation

Presentation by –

Shri R.R.Deshpande Deputy General Manager (Traffic Operations)

B.E.S.&T. Undertaking, Mumbai

Mass Transportation and Smart Cities

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Popu

latio

n (M

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Urban population in India is expected to double in a 30 year period

Projected

Source: O.P. Agarwal and S. Zimmerman “Towards Sustainable Mobility in Urban India”, Presented in the Annual TRB Meeting, Washington D.C. January 2008

Livability ranking of smart cities.There are various qualitative and quantitative factors which decide the best places to live.

• Transport and mobility.• Healthcare • Education • Infrastructure • Housing • Culture and environment

Role of Urban Transport in Smart Cities• Gives people transportation

options to get to work, go to school, visit friends.

• Provides access to job opportunities.

• Provides personal mobility and freedom.

• Saves fuel, congestion cost, money.• Reduces pollution and carbon

emission.• Fosters more livable communities

and improves the quality of the life of the citizens.

• Stimulates development and land use pattern.

• Enhances economic growth.

Urban Transport & Mobility• Urban

Transportation is categorised into:–Collective

Transportation(public transport).

–Individual Transportation(Intermediate Public Transport, cars, walking, cycling).

–Freight Transportation.

• Integrated sustainable mobility is essential for smooth operations of the local and national economy.

• Mobility in Urban areas can be improved only by a modal shift of commuters from private modes of transport to public transport.

Collective Transportation - TypesModes of collective transportation can be grouped into 3 categories based on capacity : High capacity – Metro rail,

Commuter rail. Medium capacity – BRT, LRT,

Monorail, HSST (Maglev), Linear Metro, Automated guide-way transit (AGT), Automated people mover (APM) and several other.

Low capacity - buses of various sizes.

Collective Transportation

Main Mode Feeder Network Mobility & carrying capacity

Railways Metro railMono-railBuses & IPTs

Separate networkGround level & underground

Fast modeBulk carrier

Metro rail Buses Separate networkOverhead & underground

Fastest modeLimited carrying capacity

Mono-rail Buses & IPTs Separate networkOverhead

Fast modeLimited carrying capacity

Buses IPTs Existing road network

SlowestLeast carrying capacity

Choice of Mode depends mainly on: Demand level on a corridor Available Right of Way(ROW) Capacity of the mode.

Other considerations :Land-use along the corridorLocation of building linesPotential for increasing the ROW.

• The chosen mode should be adequate for the future demand level on a corridor, both in quantity and quality of service such as journey time.

• Other features such as speed, cost, safety, eco-friendliness, energy and land conservation, aesthetics and local technology maturity from consideration of maintaining the system should be given due weight.

Choice of Mode

Assessing urban transport & integrationKey factors deciding the level of Urban

Transport :• Livable

– Cost– Time– Satisfaction index.

• Integration– Seamless connectivity of different

modes of public transport.– Connectivity to business, pleasure

and work centres.– Integration between collective and

personal modes of transport.

Planning for Integrated transport for Smart Cities

• Huge investments required for developing rapid transport modes like Metro / Mono rail, BRTS and non-motorised transport modes.

• Mere provision of rapid transport modes is not sufficient to dissuade commuters from using private modes.

Commuters will shift to rapid / public transport with improvement in - Last mile connectivity - Accessibility- Comfort & Convenience- Journey time- Cost

Planning for Integrated transport for Smart Cities

Public Transport - Bus Systems• High quality• User oriented• Fast• Reliable• Low cost• Breakdown of only

individual units. No total breakdown of the system. Leeds, UK

Sao PauloCuritiba

• Bus Stops resiting• Bus Routes Modifications• Bus Schedule Modifications• Shuttle Bus Services• Express Bus Services(Limited Stops)• Point to Point Service• Special Buses for Women• Park and Ride Facilities • Simplified Mode Transfers• Simplified Fare Collection• Luxury Bus Services• Charted Bus Services

Bus Operations Management

Bus Priority Techniques

• Priority Maneuvers

• Bus LanesWith Flow Bus LaneContra Flow Bus LaneReversible Bus Lane

• Bus-Precincts

• Bus Priority Signal SystemsBus Pre-emption TechniqueCoordinated Traffic Signal System

First & Last Mile Connectivity – Intermediate Public TransportAdvantages:• Provide door to door services.• Minimum waiting time.• ComfortableDisadvantages:• Increases congestion & affects

mobility.• Expensive ( sometimes cost

more than 50% of the total journey cost)

• Unorganised and unsafe.• Parking problems.

• Technologies for PT: BRT / Metro / MRTS / LRTS / Mono Rail

• Alternative Fuels & Vehicle Technologies.

• Intelligent Transportation Systems• Advanced Traffic Management Systems

(Traffic Management Centres).• Advanced Traveller Information Systems• Electronic Toll Collection / Electronic

Smart Cards.• Advanced Public Transportation Systems.• Emergency Transportation Operations.• Automatic Vehicle Location (AVL) System.• Traffic Signal Priority Systems.• Automatic Passenger Counters.• Electronic Fare Collection.• Passenger Information System

New Technologies

Failures in Traffic Management

Trends in many cities Rapidly increasing car ownership

and use; Declining mode share of public

transport, walking, and cycling; Declining city centres; rapid

decentralisation into car-oriented suburban sprawl

Focus was given to road design: More infrastructure

for cars; More space for motorized vehicles; Unsustainable focus

Monitoring Techniques in Traffic Management

•One Way Streets.•Reversible Streets.•Reversible Lanes.•Turning Moment restrictions.•Closing Side streets.

Traffic Segregation Techniques

• Vehicle- Vehicle Segregation

• Pedestrian Vehicle Segregation

Longitudinal segregationLateral SegregationTotal SegregationSpatial Segregation

• Time Segregation

THANK YOU You

Email : dgmto@bestundertaking.com