Mass Depopulation & Euthanasia
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Transcript of Mass Depopulation & Euthanasia
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Mass Depopulation & Euthanasia
Non-Domestic and Aquatic Animal Euthanasia
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Non-Domestic Zoological and
Exhibition Animals
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• Euthanasia– Transitioning painlessly and stress-free
as possible• Mass Depopulation– Large numbers, quickly and efficiently– Consideration to welfare as practicable
• Terms used interchangeably here
USDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE-Non-Domestic Animals
Euthanasia and Depopulation
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• May be practiced during an animal health emergency
• Goals of Euthanasia – Provide humane treatment– Select acceptable method–Minimize negative emotional impact– Safeguard food chain– Prevent or mitigate disease spread
USDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE-Non-Domestic Animals
Euthanasia and Depopulation
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• Goal: Humane Treatment• Careful restraint and handling to
minimize distress, pain, and injury• Appropriate facilities– Humane and compatible with species
involved• Competent, experienced personnel
USDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE-Non-Domestic Animals
Handling
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• Consult with experts when designing euthanasia plan– Zoo animals: USDA support – Game park animals: USDA lead
• Handled only by trained personnel
• May not metabolize drugs, handle stress like domestic species
USDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE-Non-Domestic Animals
Non-Domestic Animals
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• Acceptable– Noninhaled anesthetic
• Conditionally Acceptable– Inhaled agents (anesthetics, inert gas)– Gunshot
• Kill traps• Captive bolt
USDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE-Non-Domestic Animals
Euthanasia- Free Ranging
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• Potentially Acceptable– Noninhaled anesthetic
• Potentially Conditionally Acceptable– Inhaled agents (anesthetics, inert gas)– Gunshot
• Captive bolt
USDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE-Non-Domestic Animals
Euthanasia- Zoo Animals
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• Handling and restraint may cause extreme stress
• Gunshot may be most practical• Cervids– Captive bolt if able to
restrain– Free bullet also
acceptable
USDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE-Non-Domestic Animals
Gunshot or Captive Bolt
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• Projectile equipment (dart guns) –Wide variety available– Utilize powerful restraint agents
• Used by veterinarians with specialized training
USDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE-Non-Domestic Animals
Injectable Agents
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• Confirmation of death can be difficult– Sustained lack of heartbeat and
respiration– Rigor mortis– Evaluate by competent, experienced
personnel
USDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE-Non-Domestic Animals
Confirmation of Death
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Finfish/Aquatic Invertebrates
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• Little published information on aquatic euthanasia techniques
• Seek expertise
USDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE-Non-Domestic Animals
Finfish/Aquatic Invertebrates
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• Physical methods• Noninhaled methods• Adjunctive methods
USDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE-Non-Domestic Animals
Euthanasia Methods
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• Confirmation of death difficult in finfish/aquatic invertebrates – Loss of eyeroll– Sustained absence of cardiac activity– Loss of movement/reactivity– Flaccidity of body– Respiratory arrest
USDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE-Non-Domestic Animals
Confirmation of Death
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• FAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines& SOP: Mass Depopulationand Euthanasia (MDE) (2011)– http://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_h
ealth/emergency_management/ • MDE web-based training module
– http://naherc.sws.iastate.edu/
USDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE-Non-Domestic Animals
For More Information
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Authors (CFSPH):• Reneé Dewell DVM,MS• Nichollette Rider, Veterinary Student
Significant contributions to the content were provided by USDA APHIS VS:• Lori P. Miller, PE• Darrel K. Styles, DVM, PhD
USDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE-Non-Domestic Animals
Guidelines Content
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AcknowledgmentsDevelopment of this presentation was by the Center for Food Security and Public Health at Iowa State University through funding from the USDA APHIS Veterinary Services
PPT Authors: Dawn Bailey, BS; Kerry Leedom Larson, DVM, MPH, PhD, DACVPMReviewers: Glenda Dvorak, DVM, MPH, DACVPM: Cheryl L. Eia, JD, DVM, MPH, Patricia Futoma, BS, Veterinary Student, Reneé Dewell DVM,MS