Mass Casualty Events : What can we learn from Paris? · •FIPN (Police) or GIGN (Army) –Mainly...

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Mass Casualty Events : What can we learn from Paris? Dr François LECOMTE ED-SAMU-Forensic Med. Hôpital COCHIN-HOTEL DIEU Université Paris Descartes France

Transcript of Mass Casualty Events : What can we learn from Paris? · •FIPN (Police) or GIGN (Army) –Mainly...

Page 1: Mass Casualty Events : What can we learn from Paris? · •FIPN (Police) or GIGN (Army) –Mainly in case of hostages –High level of cares in tactical environment ( US SWAT) –Work

Mass Casualty Events :

What can we learn from Paris?

Dr François LECOMTE

ED-SAMU-Forensic Med.

Hôpital COCHIN-HOTEL DIEU

Université Paris Descartes

France

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Objectives

• French Mass casualties general organization

• Friday 13th of November :

– Facts

– Organization

• What can we learn from Friday 13th?

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Pre hospital• USA

« Scoop and run »

– As fast as possible

– Paramedics

– Evacuation

=> nearest hospital

• French :

« Stay and stabilize »

– Physicians on site

• (MICU)

– Time on scene if needed

• Stabilisation

• Triage

Scoop and Run

Stabilization

and monitoring

Nearest Hospital

Disaster

Plan

Transfers

MICU

Triage

SAMU

Regulation

AMP

Scoop and Run

Stabilization

and monitoring

Nearest Hospital

Disaster

Plan

Transfers

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Pre hospital• USA

« Scoop and run »

– As fast as possible

– Paramedics

– Evacuation

=> nearest hospital

• French :

« Stay and stabilize »

– Physicians on site

• (MICU)

– Time on scene if needed

• Stabilisation

• Triage

Scoop and Run

Stabilization

and monitoring

Nearest Hospital

Disaster

Plan

Transfers

MICU

Triage

SAMU

Regulation

AMP

Scoop and Run

Stabilization

and monitoring

Nearest Hospital

Disaster

Plan

Transfers

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Extraction

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Stabilization

« Damage

Control »

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• PMA : Medical triage (Senior Disaster Physician)

INVOLVED

3rd Level Emergency(U3)First Emergency (U1)

Medico-Surgical Emergency From

12 to 24 hoursDeath < 5 to 15 minutes

Psychologic or Psychiatric care

Light wounds

Medico-Surgical Emergency < 6

hours

2nd Level Emergency (U2)Extreme Emergency(EU)

Relativ Emergencies(UR)Absolute Emergencies(UA)

Modern Triage Scale

DEATHS

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ParisMICU

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Evacuation to

AMP

First

Responders Little

« Noria »

Evacuation

Advanced

Medical Place

Triage,

Stabilization,

Orientation

Paramedics

or

MICU

Big « Noria »

Local, regional

or national

Hospitals…

Disaster

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Evacuation to

AMP

First

Responders Little

« Noria »

Evacuation

Advanced

Medical Place

Triage,

Stabilization,

Orientation

Paramedics

or

MICU

Big « Noria »

Local, regional

or national

Hospitals…

Disaster

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Simultaneous Bombings on several scenes

Potential damages to first respondersAtocha - London

Multiple AMP

2005 => Bombings 2.0

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Simultaneous Bombings on several scenes

Potential damages to first respondersAtocha - London

Multiple AMP

2005 => Bombings 2.0

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Z D LZ D V

DECONTA

MINATION

H

H

H

Wind

500 mPRV

100 m

Controled area Exclusion AreaAMP

Police Firefighters MICU

SAMU

AMP

Classical Area

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Tactical Emergency Medicine

• Emergency Physicians

– Integrated to a counter-terrorist team

• FIPN (Police) or GIGN (Army)

– Mainly in case of hostages

– High level of cares in tactical environment

(US SWAT)

– Work under fire

– Tactical >> Care

Wipfler E.J., Heiskell L.E., Smith J., Campbell J.E. Tactical Medicine Essentials.

Physicians ACEP editor. Sudbury: Jones and Bartlett Learning International; 2012.

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Equipment

• Suits : identical to other counter

terrorist unit members.

– Helmet

– Protections against bullets

– Personnel Bodygard

– Radio

– And medical staff to treat several multiple

traumas

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Médicalisation de situations d’exception : prises d’otages et forcenés

J.-S. DAVID, O. LAMOUR, S. PEYREFITTE in book Urgences 2012, SFMU

Risk ZonePolice

Reserved to counter terrorist teams

Securized zone MICU and Paramedics

Petite Noria

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Standardisation des soins

• Protocoles

simples

• Diagnostics

simplifiés

• Traitements

simplifiés

• Seule la gravité

varie

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Fiche médicale de l’avant : SINUS

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SINUS

Outil de gestion de

nombreuses victimes.• Lot SINUS :

10 bracelet (1 anneau),

10 FMA,

2 Listes intermédiaires du

DSM,

1 par sac de prompt secours et

5 par AR et VPC ainsi que le

VAS.

• Kit SINUS :

1 ordinateur par VLR et VPC

dont le VPCM.

Système d’Information NUmérique Standardisé

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• Les bracelets : Se présentent par anneau de 10.

Une étiquette de chaque bracelet reste attachée à l’anneau.

Chaque bracelet comporte 6 étiquettes autocollantes.

2 étiquettes doivent être collées sur la FMA.

Victimes et décédés doivent dans tous les cas recevoir un bracelet.

En fonction de la situation (décision DSM), les impliqués recevront ou non un bracelet

Mettre des bracelets en priorité aux victimes.

Ramener les anneaux utilisés au secrétariat SINUS pour dénombrement.

BRACELET SINUS

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FICHE MEDICALE DE L’AVANT

• La FMA : Une FMA par victime avec 2 étiquettes

de son bracelet ;

Détacher l’oreillette ne correspondant

pas à la catégorisation (médecin) ;

Remplir la FMA avec un stylo à bille ;

Numérotation PMA par une seule

personne ;

Remplir la fiche navette (FN) au

moment de la régulation par le SAMU ;

Détacher la FN pour régulation par le

SAMU ;

La FN reste au secrétariat PMA au

départ du patient ;

Vérifier que l’identité du patient est

remplie dans ARCSINUS

Si évènement NRBC : ne mettre de

FMA qu’aux victimes médicalisées.

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Fonctionnement possible hors connexion internet.

Ordinateur du secrétariat SINUS.

4 Etapes :

1. Dénombrement (scanner ou entrer par le clavier les

numéros SINUS),

2. Catégorisation (en masse ou individuellement),

3. Régulation (renseigné par le SAMU ou le secrétariat

SINUS),

4. Etat civil (dès que possible).

ARCSINUS

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Friday, 13th …facts

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2130 : Stade de France : One Bomber stopped by stadium security

=>Explosion outside

2136 : President Hollande : securisation and Information

2140 : President Hollande : Evacuation

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=> 1 Dead (Bomber) and multiple superficial wounds (fear and moves)

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6 differents scenes 5 « one shot »

and Bataclan : Hostages

Paris APHP Hospitals

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Reactions

• Local

– Pre hospital teams

– Hospitals

• Paris

– Other Hospitals

• France

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Bataclan : Police Supervision

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From Hostages to « Implicated »

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« Paris Tour » with Guid for implicated victims to

Psychological evaluation site

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Institut Medico-Legal for Dead people after

- Securization by police

- Evaluation by physicians

- Triage

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D-Day+…

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What we learned from Paris 2015

• Work with Tactical Units

• Theory is good

• Training is better

• Resilience is essential

• To evaluate :

– Impact of 24 hours news Channels

– Psychological consequences for implicated,

bystanders, healthcare workers.

Page 41: Mass Casualty Events : What can we learn from Paris? · •FIPN (Police) or GIGN (Army) –Mainly in case of hostages –High level of cares in tactical environment ( US SWAT) –Work

Thank you for your attention

and your support

[email protected]