Maryland 4-H Horsemanship Standards Knowledge Level 3 Dr. Amy Burk University of Maryland Extension...
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Transcript of Maryland 4-H Horsemanship Standards Knowledge Level 3 Dr. Amy Burk University of Maryland Extension...
Maryland 4-H Horsemanship Standards
Knowledge Level 3
Dr. Amy BurkUniversity of Maryland
Extension Horse Specialist
Rev. 8/16/11
Kristen M. WilsonUniversity of Maryland
Extension Horse Specialist
Knowledge Testing Schedule
1. Written Test Copies from County Extension Office Allow 45 minutes
2. Oral Practicum Cover information on the knowledge
testing sheet for each level Everything else covered on the written
test
Knowledge Level Sections
Breeds, Conformation, Movement Grooming and Bandaging Health Care and Veterinary Knowledge Nutrition Stable Management and Safety Tack and Equipment Transportation and Travel Safety
Coat Colors
Variations of the gray coat color- i.e. rose gray, steel gray, dapple gray, flea bitten gray etc.
Grooming
Give reasons for clipping a horse, and
name and describe at least 3 types of
body clips that can be used
Describe safety precautions for bathing
Bathing a Horse
Never stand directly in front or behind a horse when bathing them
Have the horse securely and safely tied or have someone hold them
Keep the hose out from under the horse’s feet
Go slowly… don’t surprise them!
Reasons for Bandaging Protection of the
legs, particularly while riding or trailering the horse
Prevention of swelling after the horse works
For treatment and protection of injuries
Health/Veterinary Care Name and describe 1 type of wound and
how to treat it, especially those that need veterinary attention
Explain why a regular vaccination plan is necessary and identify 3 diseases you would vaccinate your horse against each year
Know signs that a hoof needs to be trimmed
Locate parts of the hoof
Equine Wounds
Lacerations tearing of the skin, often require stitches
Abrasions usually caused by rubbing, and will remove
the epidermis, not as serious Punctures
deep, narrow wounds that are usually caused by nails or splinters
Hoof Care
Nutrition Basic rules for feeding Know how feeds are measured
(including units) Explain feeding schedule to include
amounts of roughage and concentrates for a particular horse or pony
Basic Feeding Rules
1. Feeding horse’s properly takes knowledge of
their digestive anatomy and physiology
2. Feed small forage-based meals frequently
3. Avoid abrupt changes in feed
4. Avoid poor quality feeds and forages
5. Offer fresh clean water and trace mineral
salts at all times
Forage Very important for proper
digestion
Types of hay: Legume
Grass
Mixed
Horse will consume 1 ½ to 2% of body weight per day
Concentrate Used to:
Supplement and balance nutrients in forages
Supplement higher caloric needs of working and lactating horses
Stable Management and Safety
Appropriate care of a horse after strenuous work including: cooling out, inspection of legs, watering and feeding
Proper stall sizes for a horse and pony Management practices to prevent the
spread of disease Safety concerns to consider when
attaching a hay net/bag
Care After Strenuous Exercise
• Horse should be walked until all vital signs are back to normal
• Inspect legs for any injuries
• Limit access to feed and water
Stall Dimensions and Designs
Horse: 12x12 feet
Pony : 10x10 feet
The stall should be free of any sharp objects, the doors should shut securely, and no electrical wiring should be exposed
How to Tie a Hay Net
The most important thing to emphasize is that it stays out of the way of the horse’s feet
It is run through a mounted ring, and then the excess tied up in a quick release knot
Equine Disease Control Program
1. Optimize health and nutrition plans for animals
2. Use rodent, parasite and vector control programs throughout the year
3. Do not allow horse access to streams and waterways
4. Contract with a veterinarian and clearly post their contact information
Equine Disease Control Program
5. Communication is key
6. Limit human access to barns if they are not clientele or workers
7. Clean and disinfect barns, stalls and equipment regularly
8. Discard all manure and bedding from stalls that house sick horses
Equine Disease Control Program
Become familiar with common diseases that affect horses
Identify symptoms with the onset of a disease
Vaccination Plan
Deworming Plan
Tack and Equipment 2 areas on tack that should be
checked for safety Types of bits Identify a tie-down, breast strap,
martingale, and breastplate Types of blankets and their purposes
Other Equipment
MartingaleBreast Plate
Tie-Down
Breast Strap
References and Resources
Approved resources for state contests
USPC Manual of Horsemanship: The Basics for Beginners through D Level, by S. E. Harris
USPC Manual of Horsemanship: The Intermediate Horsemanship through C Level, by S. E. Harris
USPC Manual of Horsemanship: The Advanced Horsemanship Through A Level, by S. E. Harris