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Martin Luther
A religious reformer
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Keywords
• Martin Luther• Reformer• Germany• Monk• Salvation through Faith Alone• Indulgences• 95 Theses• Papal Bull
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• Martin Luther was from Germany
• He was sent to university to study law.
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• He was caught in a thunderstorm.
• He was terrified and prayed to St Anna
“Help me Saint Anna and I will become a Monk”
Just after this he entered a monastery
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• He wanted to be saved and get into heaven
• He did lots of good things to try and get in like praying, fasting or giving to the poor
• He was still afraid he would not get in
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Salvation through Faith Alone
• One day he read in the bible that
“The good man is saved by Faith”
This made him happy. All he had to do was believe in God and he would be saved.
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• People were not happy that a lot of their
money was wasted on building churches and
statues.
• Pope Leo needed money to finish building St
Peter’s Cathedral in Rome.
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Sale of Indulgences
You paid an indulgence to get into
heaven quicker. You could buy one for
the living or the dead.
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Pope Leo began to sell indulgences to
raise money to pay for St Peters
Cathedral.
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John Tetzel was selling indulgences
where Luther lived.
When a coin in the coffer rings
A soul into heaven springs
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Sale of Indulgences
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95 Theses
Luther was angry.
Money could not buy your way into heaven.
He wrote 95 arguments against this.
These arguments were called the 95 theses.
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He nailed the 95 theses to the door of the university
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These arguments were translated into
German and spread around Germany.
Many people agreed with Luther.
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The pope heard about this and arranged a debate
between Luther and a man called John Eck
Luther said the pope was wrong and people should
read the bible for themselves. There was no need for
popes bishops or priests
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Luther’s debate with John Eck
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Papal Bull
• The pope decided to stop Luther.
• He wrote a letter called a Papal Bull.
• In it he called Luther a Heretic
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Luther burned the letter
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Spain
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Holy Roman Empire
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• Germany was divided into small states
• Each state had its own prince
• They helped Charles rule Germany
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Frederick the Wise
Frederick the Wise was a German prince
He ruled Saxony where Luther lived.
He supported Luther
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Diet of Worms
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Worms
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A Diet was a meeting of the emperor and the princes
Luther was called to the Diet to explain his ideas
Charles V promised he would not harm Luther
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But at the meeting Luther was asked to
take back his ideas
This caught him by
surprise.
He asked for a day
to think of his answer
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“Unless I a convicted (proved wrong) by the bible and by plain reason….
I cannot and I will not go back on anything”
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• Charles V said
“ After the reply given by Luther yesterday, I regret having so long
delayed……I have decided to act against him as a Heretic”
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Where did Luther go?
• He was kidnapped by Frederick the Wise and brought to his castle.
• They kept him safe for a year
• He grew a beard and went by another name Junker George.
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He translated the Bible into German
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Catholic Lutheran
• Faith in Christ and good works is needed to get to heaven
• Pope and bishops explain what the bible say
• Faith alone is enough to get into heaven
• People can find out by reading the bible themselves.
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Catholic Lutheran
• Priests say mass and forgive sins
• Masses and the Bible should be in Latin
• Good works like praying to saints or going on pilgrimage can get you into heaven
• There is no need for priests, just ministers
• Peoples own language should be used
• Praying to saints or going on pilgrimage is a waste of time. All you have to do is have faith in god
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Catholic Lutheran
• Monks and nuns can pray for other Christians
• There are seven sacraments
• Monks and nuns do no good so Monasteries and convents should be closed down.
• There is only two sacraments, baptism and the eucharist
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The Catholic Church
There were statues of saints, flowers and a stone alter.
• The priest said mass in Latin with his back to the people
• The priest wore special clothes.
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The Lutheran Church
• There were no statues only messages from the bible.
• The was no altar only a wooden table. The minister read from the bible in his own language
• The minster wore ordinary clothes.