GANDHINAGAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Active learning assignmentSub : physics

“Topic : Mars orbiter mission”

Guided By:Prof. niravsir

Branch : Electrical Engineering Div: F-1

GROUP MEMBERS Vrajesh raval(140120109047)

Ashutosh patel(140120109029)

Amar patel(140120109027)

MARS ORBITER MIISSON

The Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), also called “Mangalyaan” is a spacecraft orbiting mars since 24 September 2014.

It was launched on 5th november 2013 by the indian space and reaserch organisation (ISARO).

PICTURES TAKEN BY MOM

LAUNCH

As originally conceived, ISRO would have launched MOM on its  geosynchronous satellite launch vehicle (GSLV). 

but as the GSLV failed twice in 2010 and ISRO was continuing to sort out issues with its  cryogenic engine .

 it was not advisable to wait for the new batch of rockets as that would have delayed the MOM project for at least three years.

ISRO opted to switch to the less-powerful Poler satellite launch vehicle  (PSLV). There is no way to launch on a direct-to-Mars trajectory with the PSLV . ISRO would first launch it into Earth orbit .

MARS’S ATMOSPHERE

The orbiter's dry mass is 500 kgand it carries 852 kg of fueland oxidiser.

Its main engine uses the combination bipropellant monomethy-drazine and dinitrogen tetroxideto achive thrust necessary for escape velocity from earth.

It was also used to slow down the probe for Mars orbit insertion and, subsequently, for orbit corrections.

SPACECRAFT SPECIFICATIONS

Mass: The lift-off mass was 1,350 kg .Dry mass is 500 kg. Payload mass is 150kg.

Bus: The spacecraft's bus is a modified I-1K structure and propulsion hardware configuration, similar to Chandrayan 1.

The satellite structure is constructed of an aluminium and composite fibre reinforced plastic (CFRP) sandwich construction.

Power: Electric power is generated by three  solar panels of 1.8 m × 1.4 m (5 ft 11 in × 4 ft 7 in) , for a maximum of 840 watts of power generation in Mars orbit. Electricity is stored in a 36 Ah Li-ion battery.

Propulsion: A liquid fuel engine with a thrust of 440 newtons is used for orbit raising and insertion into Mars orbit. The orbiter also has eight 22-newton thrusters for Attitude control. Its propellant mass is 852 kg. 

The MOM mission concept began with a feasibility study in 2010, after the launch of lunar satellite Chandrayaan-1 in 2008.

 The Government of India approved the project on 3 August 2012, after the Indian space reaserch Organisation completed  125 crore (US$20 million) of required studies for the orbiter.

 The total project cost maybe up to 454 crore(us$74million) . The satellite costs  153 crore (US$25 million) and the rest of the budget has been attributed to ground stations and relay upgrades that will be used for other ISRO projects.

ORBIT RAISING MANOEUVRES

SUNSET OF MARS

TRANS-MARS INJECTION Simulated view of Mars Orbiter Mission

along with Mars, Earth, Mercury and Sun on 3 October 2014 at 17ː00 UTC. The Mars Orbiter Mission satellite is at an altitude of about 1300 miles from Mars at the time

On 30 November 2013 at 19:19 UTC, a 23-minute engine firing initiated the transfer of MOM away from Earth orbit .

The probe travelled a distance of 780,000,000 kilometres (480,000,000 mi) to reach Mars.

MARS ORBIT INSERTION The plan for an insertion into MARS ORBITER was

on 24 September 2014, approximately 2 days after the arrival of NASA's MAVEN orbiter.

The 440N liquid apogee motor was successfully test fired on 22 September for 3.968 seconds, about 41 hours before actual orbit insertion.

At IST 06:56:32 forward rotation started and locked the position to fire,and with the help of thrusters after eclipse started at IST 07:12:19 and LAM (Liquid Apogee Motor) started burning at IST 07:17:32 and ended at IST 07:41:46.

After that reverse manoeuvre took place, the spacecraft successfully entered Martian orbit.

PSLV(polar satellite launch vehicle)

GSLV(geosynchronous satellite launch vehicle)

OBJECTIVES OF MOM Incorporate autonomous features to handle

contingency situations.

Deep space communication, navigation, mission planning and management.

 Exploration of Mars surface features, morphology, mineralogy and Martian atmosphere by indigenous scientific instruments.

Thank you.