Market Research India - Cold Chains Market in India 2009

Cold Chains Market IndiaCold Chains Market – India

September 2009

Executive Summary

Market

Total market for cold chains in India is valued at INR 100 bn in 2008; Estimated to reach INR 400 bn in 2015

Market comprises of two segments ‐ surface storage and refrigerated transportMarket Majority of cold storages are located in the states of Uttar Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Maharashtra &

West Bengal

Majority of existing cold storages cater to potato storage

Drivers: Ch ll

Drivers & Challenges

Drivers:– Growth in Organized Retail

– Shift Towards Horticultural Crops

– Growth in Processed Food Sector

– Government Initiatives

Challenges:– Lack of Logistical Support

– Uneven Distribution of Cold chains

– Cost Structure

– Power Supply

Trends

– Demand from Pharmaceutical sector– Power Supply

Cold Chains based on Public Private Partnership (PPP) model

Rail Based Reefers

Cold Chain Facilities at Airports

Competition

p

Backward Integration

Private players dominate the market though state owned players are also present

Surface Storage comprises of players like Fresh and Healthy Enterprise, Radha Krishna Foodland

R f i d i f l lik S G i K d XPS C ld Ch i

2COLD CHAINS MARKET – INDIA.PPT

pRefrigerated transport comprises of players like Snowman, Gati‐ Kausar and XPS Cold Chain

At least 50 companies are offering refrigerated transport services in India

•Introduction

•Market Overview

•Drivers & Challenges

•Trends

•Competition

•Key Developments•Key Developments


Cold chains as used to preserve products by maintaining the surrounding temperature

Manufacturers /

Retail / Terminal/

Supply / Procurement Storage Transport End‐customerTransport

Manufacturers / Farms Cold Storage

RefrigeratedTransport

RefrigeratedTransport

Markets / Factory / Port / Airport

Cold ChainA cold chain is a temperature‐controlled supply chain, it consists of storage and distribution activities which maintains a product at a given temperature range

Segments

Refrigerated Transport Surface Storage

It uses refrigerator trucks, cars, van, rail, containers and ships for transporting

perishable products

It consists of refrigerated warehouses for storage of essential products

perishable products

KeyActivities

Transportation Procurement

It includes all activities related to Involves activities such as aggregation,


Activities transportation of produce to the market from farms or manufacturing location

grading , sorting , pre‐cooling, packaging from farms or manufacturers

•Introduction

•Market Overview


•Trends

•Competition



Favorable government policies and rise in organized retailing has lead to a growing market

•Cold chains market in India is at a nascent stage

Market Overview Market Size and Growth

400400

INR bn

Cold storage facilities in India is available for only 10% of agricultural ‐ produce

•Private players dominate the market though state owned players are also present 100

100

200

300

400 +22%

p y p

•Current state of cold chains market is dismal: Fragmented and unorganized

Inefficient capacity utilization

Lack of logistical supportSegment Wise Break‐Up

0

100

2008 2015

12%

Refrigerated Transport

Lack of logistical support

High operating and capital costs

•Market can be divided into two segments:Surface Storage :

88%

– It consists of refrigerated warehouses for storage

Refrigerated Transport :– Involves usage of refrigerated transport vehicles for transportation


Surface Storage

Majority of the cold storage facilities are utilized for potato storage..

Surface Storage

•India has 5386 cold storages with a capacity of 23.7 mn metric tonnes

Market Overview : Surface Storage Market Size and Growth

352400

INR bn

•More than 56 % of current capacity is being utilized for potato storage, while the rest is used for preserving other commodities

352

88100

200

300+22%

•Facilities are not fully utilized or completely unused for most of the yearThe gap for stationary cold storage infrastructure is over 60% Cold Storages India

020152008

•Leading players in this segment include:Fresh and Healthy Enterprise

Radha Krishna Foodland5 3865 1016 000 40

mn Tonnes

Capacity in mn tonnesNumber of Cold Storages

5,3865,101

0

3,000

6,000

0

20

4023.721.7


20082006

.. and are located in states of Uttar Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Maharashtra & West Bengal

Surface Storage

Overview Geographical Distribution of Cold Storages

•49 % of the cold storage facilities are located in the states of Uttar Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Maharashtra & West Bengal

•Majority of existing cold storage facilities cater to potato storage 8%

5%

Commodity Wise Distribution

30%2%

7% 5%

5%

6%

10%

9%

Meat and Fish

4%3%

2%PotatoesMultipurpose

C i 2 % f l

9%

5%

2%

Meat and FishMilk and Milk ProductsFruits and VegOthers

56%27%

Comprise 2 % of total cold storages

3%

3%3%


Major demand for refrigerated transport comes from the export market Refrigerated

Transport

•Key products that move through reefers include

Market Overview – Refrigerated Transport Market Size and Growth

4850

INR 100 bn

Ice cream

Processed meat & poultry

Marine products

Preventive medicine (mainly vaccines)12

1020304050 +22%

Preventive medicine (mainly vaccines)

Chemicals

Small quantities of fresh fruits and vegetables

•In terms of volume, current reefer transportation business is about 4 mn metric

Export – Domestic Market Split

02008 2015

Domestic Consumption

37.5%

transportation business is about 4 mn metric tonnes and is expected to reach 14 mn metric tonnes within 5 years

•Key Players in this segment include:

Export Market

62.5%XPS Cold Chain

Gati ‐ Kausar


Export Market

•Introduction

•Market Overview


•Trends

•Competition



Drivers & Challenges

Drivers

Growth in Organized Retail

Challenges

Lack of Logistical Support


Shift towards horticultural crops

Uneven Distribution of Cold chains

Cost Structure

Growth in Processed Food Sector

Government Initiatives

Power Supply

Demand from Pharmaceutical sector


Growth in organized retail and shift towards horticultural crops has created a demand for cold chains in India

•Modern retail sector necessitates efficient supply between source and the end consumer

• According to estimates, nearly 40 % of fruits and vegetables are spoiled during transportation

Growth in Organized Retail Impact

• A number of players are thus investing in supply chains, including a warehouse and a cold chain network to ensure the preservation of the produce


INR bn +26%

Shift Towards Horticultural Crops

1,090

3500

1,000INR bn 26%

20102005

Impact•Due to increasing risks and investments in grain crops farmers are cultivating horticultural crops

•Horticultural crops need refrigerated storage, hence demand for cold chains is likely to increase

202 678‘

Shift towards horticultural crops

Production (Thousand Tonnes)Area (Thousand Hectares)

202,678192,210182,817

050,000

100,000150,000

200,000

0

10,000

20,000

30,000


0 0200820072006

Food processing sector is the key target segment for this industry

•Changing consumer trend towards convenience and processed foods indicate a future for greater storage capacities

Growth in Processed Food Sector Impact

•Government of India’s plans on setting up 30 mega food This is likely to propel demand for cold storage facilities

Fruit & Vegetables

INR bn

Dairy

INR bn585.6

307.2

52.8200

400

600 +27%INR bn

4,694.4

2,716.81,238.42,000

4,000

6,000 +14%

INR bn

02004 2010 2014

02004 2010 2014

Snack & ready to eat foods

INR bn

Marine Products

INR bn

518.4

158.428 8

200

400

600 +34%

INR bn

403.2

182.476.8200

400

600+18%

INR bn


28.80

2004 2010 20140

2004 2010 2014

Government incentives are likely to attract more investments in cold storage infrastructure

•11th Plan, proposes a revamped Infrastructure Scheme for setting up of Mega Food Parks, cold chain infrastructure, value added centers and packaging centers Objective of the scheme is to provide backward and forward linkages as well develop reliable and sustainable supply chain

Infrastructure Development sustainable supply chain

•GoI is initiating National Highway Development Program and is partnering with Indian Railways to establish storage infrastructure Indian Railways is planning to invite private parties to run refrigerated container trains for transporting agricultural products across the country

pInitiatives

•As part of the 11th Plan, GoI would provide assistance to cold chain storage sector: Assistance for cold storages would be provided by the government agencies, such as the National Horticulture Board, Agricultural Processing Food Products Development Authority, National Cooperative Development Corporation and state governments, under their respective schemes

Government Assistance

Schemes have been planned to get financial support in the form of grants which for the general areas of India would include 50% of the total cost of setting up plants and for North‐eastern areas of India would include 75% of the cost

• 100% foreign direct investment is now permitted in the cold chain sector• 100% foreign direct investment is now permitted in the cold chain sector

•Union Budget 2008‐09 provided full excise duty exemption on cold chain refrigeration equipment (consisting of compressor, condenser units, evaporator) above 2 tonne refrigeration (TR) utilizing power of 50 kW and above from excise duties It is effectively a 16% saving on the capital cost

Excise Duty & FDI


y g p

Demand from Pharmaceutical sector is driving growth in this sector

•Pharmaceutical sector depends on cold chain networks for storage of biotech drugs & vaccines

• Life‐saving drugs and products including vaccines are temperature sensitive

Demand from Pharmaceutical sector Impact

• The size of the Indian vaccine market is around INR 10 bn growing at 25‐30% annually

• There is a major shift taking place in the product portfolio of leading pharmaceutical companies Many of Pharma companies are bringing to the market products developed through advanced technology like vaccines which requires maintenance of a proper cold chain right from the manufacturer’s premises till it reaches the patientsreaches the patients

• Indian pharmaceutical companies are increasingly seeking opportunities to supply drugs to the world market, thus cold‐chain management practices will be required to achieve this goal

Growth in Vaccine Market Growth of Pharma Industry

45

314050 +20%INR bn

Growth in Vaccine Market Growth of Pharma Industry

960

8001,000 +18%

INR bn

31

0102030

302

0200400600


2008 2010 2008 2015

Lack of logistical support and uneven distribution of cold chains impede industry growth

•Fragmented cold chain industry has not encouraged the growth of cold logistics for perishable horticulture produce

Lack of Logistical Support Impact

• Collection of fresh produce in small quantities from remote and scattered small farms located at far off locations remains a logistic challenge

• Fresh produce are left on the road or fields till sufficient quantity is accumulated to make a truck load for transportation to the local markets

T t ti f f h h t d d i ll i b d t k• Transportation of fresh harvested produce is generally in open body trucks

• Standard Cold Stores and Refrigerated Transport Systems neither have the refrigeration capacity nor the air circulation needed for pre‐cooling fresh horticulture produce at the farm level or at the existing collection centers

•Majority of the cold storages are located in the states of Uttar Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Maharashtra, West Bengal, Punjab and Gujarat

Uneven Distribution of Cold chains / Capacity distribution

• Cold storage facilities now available are mostly for single commodities like potato, orange, apple, grapes, pomegranate and flowers, which result in poor capacity utilization

• This affects financial viability due to seasonal nature of such commodities

• The under‐utilized capacities, especially in the metros has depressed the pricing power


Higher operating costs make setting up cold storages difficult and unviable

•Operating costs for Indian cold storage units are higher as compared to units in the US

Cost Structure Impact

Operating Cost per Cubic meter per year

1,440

2,880

2,000

3,000

INR

Operating Cost per Cubic meter per year

• Energy expenses make up about 28% of the total expenses for Indian cold storages compared to

, 0

0

1,000

India USEnergy expenses make up about 28% of the total expenses for Indian cold storages compared to 10% in the West

• These factors make setting up cold storages difficult, unviable and uneconomical

• About 30‐35% of the losses can be reduced by transporting the freshly harvested fruits and vegetables in refrigerated containers thus closing this gap in the cold chaing g g g p


Power shortage in India hampers industry growth

• India’s power deficit is about 10%, with a peak deficit of 17% leading to chronic power shortage

• The power shortage in the country could lead to significant impacts on cold chain sector which is

Power Supply Impact

dependant on electricity for refrigeration

• The purpose of setting up cold chains will be defeated if the power supply is erratic

This would require investment in back‐up systems, which adds to the capital investment costs

Future Demand‐Supply Scenario

315P k

Demand supply gap ~ 17%

71 75 107 112 173 197101120

255315

147197Base

Peak

GenerationAverage Energy Demand

400600800

Energy (BU)

2007 2012 2017Demand SupplyDemandSupplyDemandSupply

0200

XIXVIIIVIIVI


•Introduction

•Market Overview


•Trends

•Competition



Backward Integration Cold Chain based on Public Private Partnership (PPP) Model

Trends

Cold Chains Facilities at AirportRail based Reefers


PPP model is likely to drive demand in cold chain sector

•Karnataka State Agricultural Produce Processing and Export Corporation Limited (Kappec), engaged in the promotion of exports of agricultural and horticultural produce, is setting up the

Cold Chains based on Public Private Partnership (PPP) model

PPP model providing new

state’s first cold chain project under the public private participation (PPP) model at Hubli.

• Kappec has partnered Hubli‐based Ken Agritech Pvt Ltd to form the new joint venture company, Tropicool Foods Pvt Ltd, to set up its first individually quick frozen (IQF) freezing unit for processing mango and vegetables at Hubli

providing new opportunities for private sector

• Indian Railways is planning cold chain and warehousing facilities in PPP model for farm produce at 7,000 railway stations

•Maharashtra State Agricultural and Marketing Board is planning to establish Terminal Markets in major cities via PPP model These markets will be linked to the production areas by means of collection centers

Terminal markets would have pre‐cooling, cold storage, ripening chambers, grading and packaging facilities

• Tamil Nadu Govt. has established a central processing unit in PPP mode for cut flowers with cold storage facilities and infrastructure for sorting, grading, packaging and export, at Hosur At Hosur similar infrastructure is being built for tomatoes

• India is planning a cold storage facilities in PPP model for its fishing harbor being planned at Rajakamangalam Thurai in Kanyakumari district of Tamil Nadu


Rail based reefers and cold chains at Airports are emerging as new growth segments for this industry

•Concor provides rail based reefer services between Delhi and Mumbai

• APL and Gateway Distriparks also provides rail based reefer services in India

Rail Based Reefers

New opportunities in

• Indian Railways is planning to introduce special trains for carrying perishable products

• Railways is planning to encourage creation of facilities of setting up cold storage and temperature controlled perishable cargo centers and its transportation through PPP mode

opportunities in rail based reefers

• Cochin International Airport, Mumbai International Airport, Delhi International Airport and

Cold Chain Facilities at Airports

Greenfield international airport projects such as Bangalore and Hyderabad are also setting up refrigerated warehouses for perishable cargoes next to the airports The Mumbai International Airport Private Ltd. has already installed four new cold rooms for pharmaceuticals and has trained handling staff to ensure adherence to standard operating procedures

( )

Likely to boost trade in

perishable cargo

•Organization of Pharmaceutical Producers of India (OPPI) has tied up with Delhi International Airport Limited (DIAL) to overhaul and add to the existing cold chain facility in the Capital Under the project, DIAL is planning to construct 4,000 square metres of additional cold room capacity compared with the present cold room capacity of 400 square meters available in Delhi


Backward integration by large retail firms is likely to benefit from this sector

• Future Group has integrated backward—from food retailing to storage and transportation with the launch of Future Logistics

Backward Integration

Retailers Future Logistics focuses on verticals like courier service, road transportation, freight forwarding, cold chain infrastructure

• Reliance Retail started creating cold chains for their business in India Reliance Retail Limited (RRL) is investing INR 250 bn for its ‘farm to fork’ strategy. Its supply chains

ld d i h k ll i R li F h l

developing cold chains

would trade in the open market as well as serve its Reliance Fresh outlets

• Cold Chain is a part of McDonalds supply chain in India


•Introduction

•Market Overview


•Trends

•Competition



The market is dominated by the private sector companies

7%

Co-operative Sector Public Sector• Current cold chain capacity in the organized sector is around 60,000 tonnes and is estimated to reach 40 %

Overview Sector Wise Split – Surface Storage

7%2%

by 2010

• It is a highly capital‐intensive industry

A large‐size cold chain has a payback period of ~ 5 years

• Traditional networks of traders in fruits and

91%

Private Sector

Traditional networks of traders in fruits and vegetables are strong Hence players are currently focusing on piecemeal operations rather than creating a complete chain right from

farm to retail Perishable Cargo transport India

Refrigerated transport vehicles

20%

•Distribution offers the largest margins in cold chain logistics At least 50 companies are offering refrigerated transport services in India

Ordinary Vehicles

80%

• Cold chain industry is likely to witness capacity addition & investments in next 3 years Existing players that are expanding capacities & new players are planning to enter the market


Ordinary Vehicles

Major Players (1/7 )

Players Location Business Description

Acme Cold Chain Solutions Pvt. Ltd.

•Gurgaon • Provides cold chain storage solutions• It is working on a project to create farm to home supply chainSolutions Pvt. Ltd. g p j pp y• It plans to install 2000 cold rooms and 5000 specially designed vendor carts & cold boxes as a part of supply chain

• The company has planned an outlay of INR 10 bn for the same

d d ld f l f f bl kAmar Cold Storage •Anand • It provides cold storage facilities for fruits & vegetables, packaging solutions and industrial refrigeration solutions

All India Frozen •Thane • Offer refrigerated transportation services for the consignments All India Frozen Food Carrier weighing between 15 MT to 20 MT

• Undertakes transportation of frozen food consignments that weigh between 9 MT to 13 MT

Bulaki Deep Freeze •Delhi • Provides cold storage services at its facilities in DelhiBulaki Deep Freeze Delhi • Provides cold storage services at its facilities in Delhi

• Undertakes the distribution of chilled & frozen products in refrigerated vehicles to North India & within Delhi

• Provides C & F services on behalf of its clients


Note: This list is not exhaustive



ChaitanyaCold Storage

•Bangalore • Storage & transportation services

• Key clients include Joy ice creams, Farm Suzanne, McCain Foods, Dominoes, Pizza Hut, Vadilal Ice Cream

• Has 1 cold store and 10‐15 reefer trucks around Bangalore

Dev Bhumi Cold Chain

•Delhi • It provides cold storage for various commodities in Delhi

• It has a capacity to store 3,000 tons of fresh fruit and vegetables, dairy products, dry fruits, spices etc in Delhi

• It has 2,000 tons deep freeze facility for storage of frozen foods, milk products, ice cream and sweet corn

• It has storage capacity of 1000 tons at its facility in Matiana which is suitable for storing apples

Frick India •New Delhi and Faridabad

• Provides refrigeration equipment & storage services

• Key customers include HLL, Allana, Al Kabeer

• Operates 2‐3 cold stores, centered around Delhi

• The company has milk‐chilling plants and cold storage facilities and serves markets like Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and Himachal Pradesh

• It set up capacity ranges from 500 tonnes to 5,000 tonnes





Fresh and Healthy Enterprises Ltd

• Delhi • A Wholly Owned Subsidiary of Container Corporation of India

• Provide complete cold chain logistics solutions

(FHEL) • It is planning an INR 10 bn logistics expansion

• In 2007‐2008, FHEL procured, stored and marketed about 12,000 MT of apples from Shimla & Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh

Financials:C i t d ti t f INR 163 d t l• Company registered an operating turnover of INR 163 mn and a net loss of INR 181 mn in 2007‐08

Gati‐ Kausar •Delhi • Provides Refrigerated transportation of specialises in refrigerated transportation of temperature‐sensitive products such as meat, dairy products and pharmaceuticalsp p

• Kausar India was acquired by Gati in 2007 for INR 143 mn

Financials:

• The company reported total income of INR 5.62 bn and a net profit of INR 237.8 mn in FY’08





Gubba cold storage •Hyderabad • Services include Seed Cold Storage, cold Rooms for Pharma & Food products and Pre‐Cooling of Fresh ProduceH 3 6 illi C bi f t t it• Has 3.6 million Cubic feet storage capacity

• Its clients include Advanta, Bayer bioscience, Vibha Agrotech, Cadbury, Devgen Seeds, Indian Immunologial, Monsanto

Interavion •Bangalore • Provides cold chain solutions, packaging solutions and refrigerated transporttransport

MJ Logistics •Delhi • Provides Refrigerated transportation services• Provides cold chain management services• Provides cold chain management services• Its clients include Colgate Palmolive, Family Health International (FHI), ITC Limited, RFCL Limited

• It has set up a logistics centre at Palwal (Delhi‐ Agra highway) in March 2009

OOCL Logistics (India) Private Limited

•Chennai, Kolkata, Mumbai, Mundra, Tuticorin, Delhi

• Provides reefer logistic services



Tuticorin, Delhi



Prasad Motors •Mangalore • It provides temperature control transportation services in its refrigerated trucksM j d t h dl d i l d f ti d t•Major products handled include confectionary products, pharmaceuticals, dietary products, beverages, healthcare and food products

RadhaK i h

•Thane • Customized distribution & logistics services encompassing entire supply chain such as storage handling and distributionsKrishna

Foodland

chain, such as storage, handling and distributions • Key clients include McDonald’s, RKHS, Dominos, Pizza Hut, hotels & restaurants

• Radhakrishna Foodland has entered into a partnership with 5,400 farmers of Sangli’s Nandini Cooperative to expand their market reach

Refcon Carriers •Delhi • The company is involved in transporting goods requiring refrigeration • It transports dairy products, chocolates, ice‐creams, frozen meat and vegetables and fresh fruits





Snowman Frozen Foods Ltd

•Bangalore • Offers storage and integrated logistics services• National player with 16 cold stores across India

• Snowman is a joint venture between Gateway Distriparks Ltd.of Singapore, Nichirei Logistics Group Inc. of Japan and Mitsubishi Logistics Corporation

• Refrigerated Transport division has a fleet size of over 100 trucks ranging from 24 ft to 6ft employing a mix fleet of Tata and Eicher trucksranging from 24 ft to 6ft employing a mix fleet of Tata and Eicher trucks

• It launched ‘Snowman Express’, a fixed schedule part cargo solution for frozen or chilled product consignments of 500kg and in multiples of 500kg backed by a door pick‐up & delivery service

• Key customers include HLL, Amalgam, GCMMF, Mother Dairy, Baskin y , g , , y,Robins, Mars, etc

• In 2009, it established 3,00,000 CFT warehouse which can store frozen products at Changodar near Ahmedabad

• The company is set to triple its capacity with an investment of INR 1bn and expand into tier II& III townsand expand into tier II& III towns

Financials:• The company reported a total income of INR 274.3 mn and a loss after tax of INR 47.7 mn in FY’07





UAPL Cold Storage •Surat • Specializes in the storage and preservation of all types of vegetarian foods, fruits, dry fruits, spices, jaggery, ice cream, pharmaceuticals, and fl i lt d tfloriculture products

• Possess 4300 metric tonnes of cold space divided into 4 chambers

• It has over 700 metric tonnes of deep freezer space

• It has 1000 metric tonnes of warehousing space

XPS Cold Chain •Gurgaon • It is a division of TCI• Provides transportation services

• Key clients include Cadbury, Indian Immunologicals, Gujarat Co‐y y, g , jOperative Milk Marketing Federation Ltd. (Amul). Domino's Pizza, Sunil Synchem Ltd., Bhagat Aromatics Ltd., Radhakrishna Impex Pvt. Ltd., Dr. Reddy, Workhardt Ltd

Financials

• The company reported a total income of INR 2633mn and profit before tax of INR 171 mn in FY’07



•Introduction

•Market Overview


•Trends

•Competition



Key Developments

Date Development

20‐Aug‐2009 Snowman Frozen Foods Ltd, is planning to triple its capacity with an investment of INR 1 bn

19‐Aug‐ 2009 LMJ International Ltd is investing INR 5 bn for building 46 new warehouses across 12 States. All warehouses would have about 10 000 tonnes of cold storage facilitywarehouses would have about 10,000 tonnes of cold storage facility

4‐Jul‐2009 Ministry of Railways is planning to set‐up facilities for cold storage and temperature controlled perishable cargo centres through the public‐private partnership mode

7‐Feb‐2009 Amul is planning to increase the capacities of its dairy plants and add some new ones. It is planning to connect milk producing villages with more cold storage facilitiesconnect milk‐producing villages with more cold storage facilities

3‐Nov‐2008 Bahu Cold Storage & Ice Factory Pvt Ltd intends to construct an agriculture warehouse in Jammu at a cost of INR 160mn


Thank you for your timeFor an updated report or any customized research requirements, please contact:

Gaurav KumarE‐Mail: [email protected]; [email protected]

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COLD CHAINS MARKET – INDIA.PPT

Market Research India - Cold Chains Market in India 2009

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