MARITIME LAW AND SOLAS

PRESENTER : MOHD SYAHMI NURUDDIN: MOHD ZUELKHAIRI RIDZUAN: MOHD FIRDAUS AZIZ

INTRODUCTION

• SOLAS IS GENERALLY REGARDED AS THE MOST IMPORTANT CONVENTION CONCERNING SAFETY OF MERCHANT SHIPS

• 1ST VERSION ADOPTED 1914 IN RESPONSE TO THE TITANIC DISASTER

• IT WENT THRO’ A VERY LIVELY EVOLUTION PROCESS

• IN 1960 – THE NEW VERSION OF SOLAS BECOMES 1ST MAJOR TASK OF IMO

Cont.

• INTENTION TO KEEP SOLAS UP TO DATE DIFFICULT SINCE AMMENDMENTS PROCEDURES PROVED TO BE SLOW

• AS A RESULT SOLAS 1974 WAS INTRODUCED WITH A NEW CONVENTION AND THE TACIT ACCEPTANCE PROCEDURE

• to specify minimum standards for the construction, equipment and operation of ships, compatible with their safety.

OBJECTIVE OF SOLAS

• General Provisions• Divide by two:

– Construction - subdivision and stability, machinery and electrical installations

– Fire protection , fire detection and fire extinction• Life saving appliances and arrangements• Radio Communication• Safety of Navigation• Carriage of Cargoes• Carriage of Dangerous Goods• Nuclear Ships• Management for the Safety Operation of Ships• Safety measures for high-speed craft• Divide by two:

– Special measures to enhance maritime safety– Special measures to enhance maritime security

• Additional safety measures for bulk carriers

REQUIREMENT OF SOLAS

Cont.

• Nevertheless, not all chapters are necessary for each ship. It is depend on what type of ships and what are the cargoes that she carries.

• In my uncle case, he was bought 1 ship where designed and will operated as LPG carrier.

• For LPG carrier, it needs 7 chapters in SOLAS which are:– Chapter 1– Chapter 2– Chapter 3– Chapter 4– Chapter 5– Chapter 7– Chapter 9

CHAPTER I - GENERAL PROVISIONS

• Includes regulations concerning the survey of the various types of ships and the issuing of documents signifying that the ship meets the requirements of the Convention. The Chapter also includes provisions for the control of ships in ports of other Contracting Governments.

• CHAPTER II-1 - CONSTRUCTION -SUBDIVISION AND STABILITY, MACHINERY AND ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS

• The subdivision of passenger ships into watertight compartments must be such that after assumed damage to the ship's hull the vessel will remain afloat and stable. Requirements for watertight integrity and bilge pumping arrangements for passenger ships are also laid down as well as stability requirements for both passenger and cargo ships.

CHAPTER II-2 – CONSTRUCTION - FIRE PROTECTION, FIRE DETECTION AND

FIRE EXTINCTION

• Includes detailed fire safety provisions for all ships and specific measures for passenger ships, cargo ships and tankers.

Chapter III - Life-saving appliances and arrangements

• includes requirements for life-saving appliances and arrangements, including requirements for life boats, rescue boats and life jackets according to type of ship.

Chapter IV - Radiocommunications

• incorporates the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS).

• international voyages are required to carry equipment designed to improve the chances of rescue following an accident

Chapter V - Safety of navigation

• identifies certain navigation safety services which should be provided by Contracting Governments

• includes a general obligation for masters to proceed to the assistance of those in distress

Chapter VII - Carriage of dangerous goods• Part A - Carriage of dangerous goods in

packaged form • Part A-1 - Carriage of dangerous goods in

solid form in bulk • Part B covers Construction and equipment

of ships carrying dangerous liquid chemicals in bulk

• Part C covers Construction and equipment of ships carrying liquefied gases in bulk and gas carriers

• Part D includes special requirements for the carriage of packaged irradiated nuclear fuel, plutonium and high-level radioactive wastes on board ship

Cont.

• For my uncle’s LPG ships, the regulation must follow in Part C of Chapter VII. This regulation is special for LNG and LPG carrier. It must comply with the requirement of the International Gas Carrier Code or IGC code.

Chapter IX - Management for the Safe Operation of Ships

• makes mandatory the International Safety Management (ISM) Code

Conclusion

• my uncles need to follow the necessary requirement that given by SOLAS 1974 according to vessel type and the cargo that she carry.

• All of the information that I’ve give to him is not fully detailed, it just a basic.

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• For easier way, he can use ship class as the authority that gives a standard of construction and requirement that follow the IMO.

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• He must know that this requirement is not giving them obstacle or difficulty but it will protect and secure his ship while sailing around the world.

Cont.

• SOLAS really help when the ship is under construction and also when the ship performs the task. Lastly, SOLAS was not made to give obstacles to ship industry, but made to help and improve it.

My uncle’s ship

THE END