Maritime Archaeology in India

Newsletter of the Australasian Institute for Maritime Archaeology (AIMA)

Australasian Institute for Maritime Archaeology Inc

Newsletter

Volume 26, Number 3

September 2007

ABN 37 830 874 307 Registration No. A0820044J Western Australia Associations Incorporations Act 1987 Section 18(6)

www.aima.iinet.net.au

Maritime Archaeology in India: impressions from an August Visit In August last, your correspondent was fortuitous in being able to attend at his own expense, though with four days official leave, the International Seminar on Marine Archaeology (ISMA 2007) hosted by the Indian Navy (INS) and the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) both administratively based in Delhi. From there stop was made in Goa to visit the Marine Archaeology Centre at the National Institute of Oceanography (NIO) at Dona Paula. This has resulted in a number of personal observations about the state of the discipline in India that might prove of interest to AIMA’s practitioners, teachers and students and also to cultural heritage managers generally. As one would expect, India is extremely rich in its cultural heritage on land and at sea. It is also very productive in its archaeology and management programs and very well placed to become a real powerhouse of maritime archaeology in this new century—if it is not that already. As one would expect there are strong links with our colleagues operating in the Arabian Sea, the Gulfs and in the northern Indian Ocean region generally. The proximity of the two Indian units (ASI & NIO) in both geographic and philosophical terms to the Sri Lankan unit in Galle, with its ongoing internationally-supported maritime archeological programs renders the entire north Indian Ocean region a place for AIMA and its members to look towards both personal and professional development. Certainly there is much for AIMA members to learn and a lot to gain from considering a visit when the next round of conferences is announced (continued on page #14).

Contents AIMA News 2 Australasian News 4 Around the World 18 Position Announcements 19 Forthcoming Conferences 20 New Books 21

AIMA Newsletter (September 2007), 26(3): 1 (ISSN 0814 – 1479)


AIMA NEWS

President’s Report Portuguese iron steel and steam shipwrecks: At the kind invitation of local Peniche divers Luis and Suzana Fonseca, John Riley and Ross Anderson travelled to Portugal to participate in the inaugural workshop ‘Registo de navios a vapor em ferros submersos’ (Recording steam and iron ships underwater) held at the Club Navale Peniche between 30 June and 5 July. This workshop had been preceded by a workshop in recording ship’s lines and archaeological drawing conducted by archaeologist Maria-Luisa Blot to better prepare the students in underwater recording methods. Participants were: Luis Fonseca, Susana Maia, Luis Dias, Pedro Caleja, Joel Machado, Francisco Xavier, Jose Ferreira, Cliff Oliveira, Paulo Costa, Rui Venâncio and Jorge Russo. Activities included diving on iron, steel and steam shipwrecks wrecked around the Berlenga Islands, a unique cluster of islands once part of the same landmass as Canada. The Berlengas offer the only protected offshore anchorage off the coast of Portugal that has been used since ancient times, as attested to by stone anchors and Roman lead anchor stocks still in the anchorage. The islands’ short distance from the fishing and tourist town of Peniche, their natural and historic features such as the old monastery site and 17th century fort, shipwrecks and usually clear waters make them a holiday destination for divers over the Portuguese summer. The main wrecks dived were the SS Primavera (22m depth) and SS Andrios (26.5m depth). Classroom presentations on Australian iron, steel and steam shipwreck sites, maritime archaeology and management were combined with the practical diving and site recording to give participants skills to identify features and record large, broken up sites. Following World War II most of the large iron steel and steam wrecks around the Berlenga Islands became an integral part of Peniche’s economy as four companies based themselves in the town and used helmet divers to salvage the wrecks (generally in 20-30m) for their scrap metal. Portugal has a number of significant iron, steel and steam shipwrecks including the famous composite clipper Thermopylae (renamed Pedro Nunas and torpedoed as part of a torpedo boat exercise in 1907) in 30m at Cascais near Lisbon; the early paddle steamer PS Tiber (1846-47) in 34m off Porto; Portugal’s earliest steam shipwreck the PS Paquete Lusitano (originally the Earl of Parmella built by Moltershead & Hays, Liverpool that arrived in Lisbon 1822) wrecked in the surf zone near Torres Vedras and similar to the PS Clonmel (1836-1841) wrecked in Victoria, Australia. The Paquete Lusitano’s replacement the Restaurador Lusitano (originally the St. Patrick also built by the same company in 1822) later sank off Aveiro, location not known. Warship wrecks include the first armoured warship to cross the Atlantic Ocean the Spanish ironclad Numancia which lies in 4m off Lisbon where it has been extensively salvaged. The U-1277 lies in 30m off Oporto with bow broken off and full of sand. Deep sites include the World War I aircraft carriers HMS Audacity and HMS Avenger torpedoed by U-boats in 2000m, and the French dreadnought Suffren torpedoed by a U-boat and sunk with all 700 hands lost, also in 2000m. The Suffren was the worst French naval disaster of World War I. One of the wrecks not dived due to weather conditions but a focus of the workshop was the SS Dago. The Dago was a British merchant steamer sunk by North African based Luftwaffe Condor long range bombers in 1942 while steaming in neutral Portuguese waters, and now



lies in 50m near Peniche. The depth and a similar size and age wreck nearby makes the Dago a challenging recording and identification exercise. While visiting Portugal other sites of maritime interest visited included Nazaré Museum with lots of fishing and folk history and historic wooden fishing vessels, a chapel dedicated to the first salvage diver in Peniche who worked on the wreck of the Spanish galleon San Pedro de Alcantara, Portugal’s maritime archaeological workshops and conservation laboratory at the Centro Nacional Archaeologica Nautica y Subaquatica (CNANS), and the historic port cities of Lisbon and Porto. On 9 July public lectures were given inside the amazing landmark of the Padrao Descobrimientos (Monument to the Discoveries) at Belém, Lisbon on maritime archaeology in Australia, iron and steam shipwreck recording and technical diving, the wreck and recent discovery of the Correio da Azia (1815), the first known Portuguese wreck in Australian waters, and organiser Luis Fonseca gave a presentation on the course and its results. Riley and Ross thank Luis Fonseca and Susana Maia, Jean Yves and Maria Luisa Blot and all of the course participants for their kind hospitality and interest, as well as all of the other sponsors and organisers including Club Navale Peniche, City of Peniche and Planetad Agua dive magazine. We hope that the workshop will assist in the recording of Portugal’s more recent, and rich shipwreck history.

Ross Anderson

Secretary’s Report Membership renewal for 2007-8 financial year: Over 150 membership renewals for the current financial year including new subscriptions and renewal of previous members have been received. Membership renewals are still being sent to the Secretary. For those of you who have not yet renewed, we would like to invite you to do so. Thanks to all those who have sent in your renewals and once again, thanks to all members for their support of AIMA for the 2006-7 year. Mail out of Bulletin Vol. 31: Bulletin vol. 31 was sent to all 2006-7 financial members on 14 September. If you have not received your copy, please contact the Secretary. Thanks once again to Sue Cox for dealing with the main organization of the entire mail out. 2007 Conference and AGM: Several AIMA Executive, councillors and members will be attending the upcoming conference and AGM in Sydney and, therefore, will be away the last 2 weeks of September. Members who will be at the conference are encouraged to attend the AIMA AGM. The Minutes from this AGM will be prepared by the Secretary and published in the vol. 4 Newsletter at the end of 2007. Update your contact details with AIMA!: Members are reminded to inform the Secretary of any change in contact details so that the Membership database can be updated for the purposes of mail outs and updating of the electronic Discussion List. Some correspondences were returned in a recent mail out of AGM notices and some of these members are no longer contactable by any means. Administrative Officer job vacancy: AIMA’s current Administrative Officer will be finishing her contract on 30 November 2007 and as such the position will be vacant again. Applications for the job will be opened from Monday 22 October – Monday 5 November 2007. Further information about the job is included in this issue of the newsletter. If you have



any further queries about the job, please contact the AIMA Secretary at the WA Museum. If you wish to apply for the job, please contact the Secretary for a copy of the brief and job description.

Jennifer Rodrigues

AUSTRALASIAN NEWS NORTHERN TERRITORY

Heritage Conservation Services, Northern Territory Government Heritage listing of Aboriginal stone arrangements depicting Macassan and Aboriginal material culture. In July 2007 the Wurrwurrwuy stone pictures, located in east Arnhem Land, were declared a heritage place under the NT Heritage Conservation Act. This came after successful consultation with the traditional owners assisted by the Dhimurru Land Management Aboriginal Corporation. The site is also a registered sacred site under the Northern Territory Aboriginal Sacred Sites Act. The Statement for Heritage Value is as follows: The stone arrangements or ‘pictures’ at Wurrwurrwuy in north east Arnhem Land depict aspects of Macassan material culture, including sailing vessels and dwellings. Aspects of Yolngu Aboriginal culture are also depicted at Wurrwurrwuy. These stone pictures outline a record of economic and social contact between the Yolngu and Macassans that continued for several centuries. Seafarers from Macassar in Sulawesi came annually for trepang (dharripa), pearl and turtle shells. Wurrwurrwuy is an important tangible reminder to the Yolngu of their past connections with the Macassans. Wurrwurrwuy is the most complex and well preserved example of three known stone picture sites. This site type is unique to the north east Arnhem region of the Northern Territory.

Stone feature depiction of Macassan prau in cross section.



Heritage listing of C-47 plane wreck. A65-115, a C-47 plane wreck located in Darwin Harbour was recently declared a protected historic wreck under the NT Heritage Conservation Act. The discovery of the wreck was discussed in AIMA Newsletter 26.1. During a test flight, in preparation for a long haul to occupied Japan, A65-115 was deliberately downed in waters close to Darwin on the 5 September 1946. HCS has been mapping the wreck and it’s certainly a case of the more you look the more you see. The plane is sitting upright in approximately 22 metres of water. The original outline of the plane can be seen quite easily. Deliberately downed after a fire started in the starboard engine the plane was on fire for a few minutes on the surface of the water before it sunk. The fire had likely burnt away much of the roof and upper sections of the fuselage (the waterline). The lower fuselage remains intact and this provides the plane’s outline. The floor of the cockpit and fuselage are buried in the sand however emerging from the sand are a variety of significant features such as the pilot’s control column, control pedals, instrument panels, the radio set and an empty life raft canister.

High frequency radio set. The most dramatic features of the wreck are the intact port wing and the rear section. The port wing sits proud off the seabed with the tip metres above the sand. The port engine and propeller are still remarkably intact. The starboard wing has come free from the fuselage flipped upside down and now sits partly back under the fuselage. This has resulted in some interesting discussions about site formation. The rear compartment is near complete with the doorway leading to an enclosed space that still houses a wash basin. The tail is still intact and rises three metres above the seabed,



however its rudder is gone. The distinctive C-47 rudder assembly was one of the key wreck features that helped identify the plane. The port stabiliser is intact but the starboard one has been torn away. HCS visited a fully operational C-47, call sign VH-MMA, at Hardy’s Aviation in Darwin to learn more about the design of these planes. This has helped to better understand the wreck of A65-115. VH-MMA was built in 1945 and has undergone only minor changes.

The majestic VH-MMA, visited to better understand the A65-115 wreck. A mooring buoy will be installed on A65-115 by the end of September 2007. This will facilitate visitation and hopefully minimise boat anchor damage. A complete site plan of the wreck will be provided to the public also showing the location of moveable artefacts. Providing the location of moveable objects is based on the appreciation that these items will be discovered again and again by waves of visitors. Providing this information initially, as a part of interpretation, will increase the divers’ understanding of the wreck and emphasise that these items are known, recorded and part of a managed heritage place. A survey by NT Government marine biologists has concluded that the site is not of natural significance, therefore recreational fishing is permitted.



The rear of VH-MMA with inset border showing what remains on A65-115 today. The small hatch being opened is a post-war addition.

David Steinberg

SOUTH AUSTRALIA

Flinders University Overseas Practicum: For two weeks in July the Lighthouse Archaeological Maritime Program (LAMP) in St. Augustine Florida, USA hosted Flinders University’s first overseas Practicum in Maritime Archaeology. The practicum was a huge success and accomplished what it set out to do – to enhance the experiences and knowledge of our graduate students while providing research support for the Lighthouse program. Participants in the practicum

included: Kenny Keeping, Nathan Richards, Deanna Sundling and Emily Jateff on the water.

• eight students from Australia, Canada, the UK and the US; • five visiting students (Florida State University and University of West Florida);



• two Flinders teaching staff; • three Flinders supervisors; • three LAMP staff and countless volunteers; and • ten agencies and companies: the Museum of Underwater Archaeology, St. Johns County, Guana Tolomato Matanzas National Estuarine Research Reserve, Southeastern Archaeological Research, Inc., Florida Public Archaeology Network, University of Florida, Division of Historical Resources, Marine Magnetics, East Carolina University, and H.L. Hunley Project). A total of 12 days were spent in the field collecting data and 89 dives were conducted for a total of over 50 hours spent underwater. To check out what students and staff had to say about the field work, see the LAMP blog: http://www.staugustinelighthouse.com/blog/lampposts/flinders_universitylamp_mariti/ Ships!: Graduate students in the Maritime Archaeology Program had little rest over their mid-semester break as they were participating in an intensive 7-day topic called Ships: Research, Recording and Reconstruction. This is a new topic on offer and provides students with the theoretical and practical training necessary for researching ships and ship construction. Students practiced taking ship lines using conventional methods (tapes and pencils) and digital methods (total station and goniometer). Peter, Andy, Agnes, Matt and Cass measuring the

load waterline. Whew! The historic Armfield Slipway in Goolwa kindly loaned a small vessel Tom Jones for the ship lines recording session. This boat was carried into a large classroom where students were able to set up the recording process. The name of the vessel elicited quite a few poorly executed versions of “What’s New Pussycat?” and “It’s Not Unusual”…. Besides brushing up on their Tom Jones discography, students and staff learned a valuable lesson which is “technology can be

difficult and sometime tapes and pencils are the most reliable method”.

Wendy demonstrating taking lines using the total station.

Students also sat in on lectures such as: Outfitting a ship; Hull analysis: tonnage, displacement, performance; Wood sampling ships; and Reassembly and display. Guest lecturers included Katie Sikes from the College of William & Mary, Virginia, USA and Wendy Van Duivenvoorde from the Western Australia Maritime Museum and Texas A&M, College Station, USA.



Field trips were taken to the South Australia Maritime Museum for lectures on Vernacular construction and South Australian ketches given by Kevin Jones (museum director) and Rigging and sails given by Don Lucas, a traditional sail maker, who incidentally is quite famous in the US. A second trip was taken to the Searles Boatyard at Pt. Adelaide where Kingsley Haskett talked about the history of wooden boatbuilding at Searles Boatyard (over 75 years at the port) and toured the students around the yard. The class was challenging, demanding and very hands-on with students spending 9 am to 5pm in lectures and seminars and their evenings in the lab drafting ship lines. The crunch to get projects handed in forced some to spend the night in the archaeology lab! It was a tough week for those teaching and taking the class but we all had a great time and learned a bunch.

Jennifer McKinnon .

Maritime Archaeology Field School: The Maritime ArchUniversity runs an annual Maritime Archaeology Field Schrequirements for Part 3 of the AIMA/NAS training program. Oonly been available to enrolled students at Flinders, another Aus We are seeking expressions of interest from AIMA members making places available to non-students as a short course. FAIMA/NAS part 1 the costs involved would be $1,750 foaccommodation, transport and SCUBA tank fills. The Maritiruns in the first two weeks of February each year and in 20Victoria. Anyone interested in participating or discussing possible Part 3contact: [email protected]

TASMANIA

Tasmanian Museum and Art G Maritime history has been heavily promoted in Hobart througpart of the National Archives public lecture series, local hismaritime history resources at the National Archives, MaritimTasmanian Museum and Art Gallery. I was asked by a Rotarmaritime history of Tasmania - in 20 mins! I talked REALLY was an interactive display created for science week promoconservation and shipwreck archaeology in maritime heritagecontinued in the September school holiday program on shipwrartefacts and enthusiastically re-enacted the wrecking of ‘SydStar’ (1973).

AIMA Newsletter (September 2007), 26(3): 9

Agnes tracing a ship timber

aeology Program at Flinders ool that fulfils most of the rdinarily the Field School has tralian or overseas university.

and other interested people in or anyone who already holds r tuition and a $600 fee for me Archaeology Field School 08 will be at Portarlington in

training in the future should

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(ISSN 0814 – 1479)

mailto:[email protected]


Redevelopment at the Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery continues, with the museum grounds dotted by test pits containing stone walls, historic glass and ceramic and a sandstone pier wall. Not quite on the same scale is the Maritime museum’s upgrade of exhibitions. The ‘Silver Crown’ wheelhouse has had an interesting life. It sheltered many a skipper during 45 years as part of the successful Derwent river ferry. It was then used as a chicken shed but will soon be restored to take pride of place in the museum’s galleries. The project was discussed on ABC local radio to attract volunteers with handyman skills to assist with the restoration. One of the highlights of the past few months was the first meeting of the reformed Maritime Heritage Organisations of Tasmania. It took place at the Queen Victoria Museum in Launceston on 10th August. The 25 attendees represented 18 of 31 interested maritime organisations in Tasmania. The meeting was a good opportunity for connections to be formed and renewed. It was a successful start to a supportive network with many group projects and a maritime heritage ‘voyage’ planned.

Peta Knott

VICTORIA

Heritage Victoria Shipwreck Database development: The upgrade of the shipwreck database is almost complete, allowing Hermes users both within Heritage Victoria and some local government agencies to view shipwreck data alongside Victorian Heritage Register and Heritage Inventory places. The upgrade has also provided a suitable opportunity for a review of the data held on shipwreck sites within the database, and with a grant from the Commonwealth have started the process of improving the quality of the shipwreck data. Historical information and site inspection information will be included in the database, along with GPS checked positional information. Victorian Heritage Database Online: The Victorian Heritage Register Online is currently being redesigned to provide more modern and clearer search and results screen, and include all the local government places now included in Hermes. The new VHD online is still in development and is due online in November. The new VHD will include shipwreck sites, and will include shipwreck specific search facilities. As the data enhancement work is likely to continue after this release date, you will see a gradual improvement in the quality, and quantity, of data for sites in rough alphabetical order. Maritime Infrastructure Assessment Project: The Historic Shipwrecks Advisory Committee (HSAC) has been awarded $10,000 to complete data input of information collected during the MIAP Project into the Hermes (incorporating VHR, Heritage Inventory & Shipwrecks). All sites identified during the MIAP project will have an entry and statement of significance. The Maritime Infrastructure Thematic History undertaken by Jill Barnard is currently in the last phases of tweaking ready for publication. This research was undertaken as the first stage of the Maritime Infrastructure project in 2003, laying the ground work for significance assessments for sites identified later through historical research and field assessments. The report will be published jointly by Heritage Victoria and Heritage Council of Victoria.



Shipwrecks and Aircraft: In July, the Commonwealth Minister for the Environment and Water Resources declared a Protected Zone of 500m around the site of the SS Alert under the provisions of the Historic Shipwrecks Act 1976. The SS Alert was discovered by Southern Ocean Exploration (SOE) in June 2007. In July, MHU were invited to join a group of divers to attend a memorial service at the wreck site of two British Fairey Fireflies which collided and sank in Port Phillip Bay in 1947. The memorial was attended by surviving members of family, and crew on board the support vessels at the time of the crash. TV crews were on site making a documentary about the aircraft. The site is protected under the Victorian Heritage Act 1995 as an archaeological site. Port of Melbourne Corporation have identified a metal barge in the Maribyrnong River as a navigational hazard and identified it for removal. The PoMC have commissioned historical research which suggests that the barge appeared on the river bank sometime between 1968 and1970. Although the site is not of historical or archaeological significance, HV staff requested that it be surveyed prior to removal. The site lies on the banks of the river and is accessible on foot at low tide; it was therefore identified as an appropriate site for an AIMA/NAS part II project, which HV staff could supervise. Unfortunately none of the students could attend, and Hanna, Cass and regular volunteer Don Love spent a lovely sunny morning surveying the site themselves! Sunken Assets Seminar 19 August 2007-06-15: The Sunken Assets Seminar, organised jointly by SCUBA Diver’s Federation of Victoria, the Maritime Archaeology Association of Victoria, the Diving Industry Victoria Association, Historic Shipwrecks Advisory Committee and MHU took place on Sunday 19th August. The event was hugely successful with a great range of interesting speakers from across the country. The Chair of the Victorian Heritage Council, Chris Gallagher and the Parliamentary Secretary for Planning Jenny Mikakos MP presented 15 shipwreck finders awards and 12 certificates of recognition for the discovery of 18 shipwrecks in Victoria. Peter Harvey also presented the volunteers who assisted with the City of Launceston Trial Access Program with Certificates of Recognition on behalf of Heritage Victoria and the Victorian Government. Outreach and Education work: MHU have been joined over the winter by a couple of work experience students from Melbourne schools, both of which have been involved in a range of tasks both in the office and the field. The students have assisted with historical research, planning for Sunken Assets and Corinne Kruger was lucky enough to coincide with an inspection dive on the HMVS Cerberus Guns and the memorial at the Fairey Firefly site. We also have funding in place – and work galore – for the appointment of a student intern for three months starting in November. The placement was organised with Flinders University, and has been awarded to Agnes Milowka. As I write, Cass is in Adelaide buried under a large pile of reading (hopefully!) part of an intensive course in Ship research, recording and reconstruction at Flinders University. Peter spent a morning teaching archaeology students at La Trobe University and we’ve all been working away at our papers for presentation at the AIMA conference in Sydney.



Upcoming Fieldwork: We have a few excursions planned for the summer including a field school with Flinders University students in February at Portarlington and wreck inspections at Port Fairy. The Flinders field school is likely to include wreck inspections in Port Phillip Bay and a small excavation at the Clifton Springs jetty site.

Hanna Steyne

Maritime Archaeological Association of Victoria Divers Malcolm Venturoni, James Parkinson, John Osmond, Mick Whitmore and Mark Ryan recently visited the SS Queensland, located in 60 metres of water, some miles off Wilson’s Promontory. The aim of the visit was to gain more information to complete the site sketch and model; James has taken on the task of drawing the site sketch. This was James’ second visit to the site, with slate in hand, features were observed with notes and sketches taken. He now has an overall idea of the layout and deconstruction of the wreck. John Osmond, had constructed a cardboard model of the site, as per the John Riley process, however, not satisfied with his first effort, John is planing a second model. John is busy munching his way through as many breakfast cereals as possible. Work is continuing on the Alert site, at 80 metres to the bottom, the dive is only for the very experienced tri-mix diver. On this dive, Mark had a number of tasks to achieve; number one priority for this dive was to inspect the propeller aperture. On Mark’s first visit to the site he noticed that there did not appear to be a propeller. The propeller boss is still in place, but the blades appear to be missing. This new information might shoot holes in the pantry window theory (a court case took place, some time after where two widows sued the company, the argument being that a pantry window put in by the ship-owners broke during a storm, causing it to founder).

The stern of the Alert - photo Mick Whitmore. The damaged propeller might help explain a cause to the foundering, as the lone survivor stated that the steamer couldn’t make any headway against the waves. The wreck diving seminar, ‘Sunken Assets’ recently took place at RMIT, the event was well attended by divers and those with an interest in maritime history. A day of lectures took place with presenters; Dr Ian McLeod, Mark Ryan and Andy Viduka to name a few presenting papers on a variety of wreck related subjects. Heritage Victoria presented ‘Shipwreck Finders’



awards, with a number of MAAV and SOE members receiving awards for reporting wreck sites around Victoria. Many thanks to the organisers, SDFV, MAAV, RMIT Underwater Club, Heritage Council and Heritage Victoria for putting on such a great event. Survey work is being conducted on the SHB Batman; this vessel is of considerable interest as it formed part of the Victorian Navy in the 19th century. With the perceived threat of a Russian invasion in the 1880’s, the Batman, and its sister-ship, Fawkner, steam hopper barges with the Melbourne Harbour Trust had conversions made to them in Melbourne to enable them to take a 6-inch gun, magazine, shell room and protective plating in the bow.

Diver swimming over gun mount – photo John Corby. The Batman and the Fawkner, auxiliaries in the Victorian Navy are the only known surviving examples of these colonial conversions. The objective of the dive was to locate and record any remaining features that would link the site to the Victorian Navy. The Batman is located in 45 metres of water in the Ships’ Graveyard and was scuttled there in 1935. Two survey teams dived the site and recorded the position and dimensions of the gun mount and support stanchions in the bow area. This dive also proved that this is the wreck of the Batman or the Fawkner (they were sunk close by each other in 1935), more work needs to be done on the sites to determine their respective identities. The corrosion project continues with more sash weights being cleaned and weighed, ready for placement on the seabed. The northern end of Port Phillip has a project going, the City of Launceston, in the middle of Port Phillip has weights on it, and at the southern end of the Bay, the Goorangai has weights placed on it. The eastern side of the Bay is the next objective.

Peter Taylor

WESTERN AUSTRALIA

Western Australian Maritime Museum International Seminar on Marine Archaeology (ISMA 2007): (continued from page 1) Organized jointly by Dr Alok Tripathi Superintending Archaeologist of the Underwater Archaeology Wing, Archaeological Survey of India



and Captain Arvind Singh, Principal Director of Special Operations and Diving, Ministry of Defence (Navy), the two day conference was a great success. At one stage a quick head count indicated there were over 200 navy officers in attendance, with serving and retired Commodores, Rear and Vice Admirals, and Admirals majestically occupying the rows of plush seats in the front row adjacent the speakers. It was an extraordinary show of force and commitment to the maritime heritage by the INS—it has 155 ships in the fleet—all topped off by an address by Admiral Sureesh Mehta Chief of Naval staff. He was both celebrating India’s maritime traditions and warning against allowing its maritime strength to ever again be allowed to diminish as it once did to the benefit of colonizers and usurpers of all types. Mrs Anshu Vaish the new Head of the Archaeological Survey then took the floor introducing herself and her institution’s vast range of responsibilities and programs to those previously unaware. Around 100 archaeologists, historians, students and enthusiasts were also present to hear the introduction and the release of the proceedings from the ISMA 2005 conference. Expat university professors Gregory Possehl and Mark Kenoyer, both well known for their extensive archaeological and anthropological contributions in India, opened proceedings by examining eons-old maritime activity in the Arabian sea and the marine and riverine trade of the Indus cities. Their exposition of the activities of late interlopers like the Romans and Greeks also helped ‘fix’ events for those more acquainted with European chronologies. Shri Sundaresh of NIO and Captain Singh introduced the diverse maritime archaeological—ranging from the Harappan period to the steam era—and often high tech survey and diving operations on the west coast of India, respectively. The focal point of public interest across India is clearly the remains at Dwarka near Jamnagar in Gujerat State. As explained by Alok Tripathi, Dwarka, has become the unequivocal attestation of the importance of underwater archaeology to much of India and at least a 800 million of its people. It is one of India’s most ancient and to the Hindu’s it’s most important cities, the ancient home of Lord Krishna, a place submerged a total of six times. An account produced in the Hindu epic Mahabharata by one of India’s legendary heroes Arjuna: The sea rushed into the city. It coursed through the streets of the beautiful city. The sea covered up everything in the city. I saw the beautiful buildings becoming submerged one by one. In a matter of a few moments it was all over. The sea had now become as placid as a lake. There was no trace of the city. Dwaraka was just a name; just a memory. From Dwarka it was then one paper after another attesting to the study of a vast range of seaports, submerged structures, Greek trading routes (ex the Periplus Maris Erytharaei), ship and boat types, notably the Dhow and iconography. Related inland trade routes and the archaeology of the Maldives, the Gulf of Eilat and the Red Sea also featured. These was even an examination of the relatively-modern links India once had with the Roman and Byzantine Empires and the effect of visiting mariners of the later periods, like the famous Cheng Ho (the latter by Sarah Ward of NAS fame). The potential complexity of any ancient Indian site was no better illustrated than in a lecture on the Pattanam excavations on the Malabar coast by Prof PJ Cherian. His abstract, appearing, with all the others in a beautifully-illustrated booklet that contained also a picture of each presenter and their bio-data reads thus: The site in all probability a port town or settlement . . . revealed brick architectural remains, Roman amphora . . . Yemenite and Mesopotamian pottery, green-blue glazed Sassanian and Islamic ceramics . . . [also a] wharf with bollards and a dugout canoe.



Discussions on comparative studies, legislation (the signatories to the UNESCO Convention by Ricardo Favis, a graduate of Philippine universities working out of the UNESCO Bangkok office), and site management followed. The presentations by the strong Sri Lankan contingent of Rasika, Gamini, Sanath and Darshani all practitioners personally known to many AIMA members through their collaborative work under the UNESCO umbrella was also varied and equally strong, with attention to conservation a feature. With a few exceptions lacking at the conference, in both attendance and in speakers, was a strong university presence. Speakers were all presented with a stipend for lecturing, a commemorative wall plaque and other gifts. All had their conference fees, food and accommodation at the Officers Quarters (in a former Rajah’s palace) provided gratis. They were also treated to gala ceremonies and an official naval dinner, with band. Having been personally met at the airport by Petty Officer Singh and then transported everywhere by equally welcoming naval staff, the only possible complaint other than the few universities present, was that it was all too short. Time to visit heritage sites in Delhi was needed as an integral part of the event. Before leaving for the next stage, a visit was made to Prof Greg Possehl’s pad in the academic wing of the ‘Defence Colony’ (so named because some Delhi-based defence types purchased the land some years back and built accommodation on it) to learn of his involvement with others and some of our AIMA colleagues like Tom Vosmer in the Gulf of Oman. These links are evidently strong and on-going. Visit to the Red Fort and the Underwater Archaeology Wing, Archaeological Survey of India: Together with the latest Lonely Planet, your correspondent had fortuitously selected William Dalrymple’s, The Last Mughal: The Fall of a Dynasty, Delhi, 1857, as a travel companion and as a backdrop for a visit to the famous Red Fort, former seat of Bahadur Shah II, descendant of both Genghis Khan and Timur the Great (Tamerlane). Dalrymple’s is an important work setting the scene for some understanding of India, past and present and as a very useful primer to present sectarian tensions across the globe. Fundamental Christianity comes out particularly badly it needs be observed. The Red Fort where the Hindu/Muslim/Christian divide became abominably manifest in 1857 is now the base for ASI and theUnderwater Archaeology Wing. Recently added to the World Heritage List, it is a monumental and fitting home for the Archaeological Survey, an institution I suspect that has one of the largest, most diverse heritage management portfolios on the globe. It is made the more difficult by virtue of the annual monsoon, which though late in coming to Delhi this year, not only serves to cool the land and its people, but also in the sheer volumes of rain and excessive humidity of each day to hasten the destruction of its monuments, books and works of art, especially anything organic. In respect of the difficulty in maintaining libraries in any but a very expensive air conditioned environment it is a hurdle that India, in being one of the world’s leaders in IT and computing, is readily overcoming by accessing the growing global electronic maritime archaeological library. Students being groomed for consideration as the next wave of India’s maritime archaeologists attended a lecture by this author previously arranged by Alok and then it was off to the airport escorted by Sundaresh of NIO. Also with us was one of Alok’s students, a very bright young man (speaker of at least four languages as is common in India), one who is very keen, well-read and conversant on archaeological theory and its sometimes baffling and esoteric nuances. The point being made here is that Indian Maritime Archaeology as experienced at Delhi amongst practitioners and students is theoretically strong, though at present



numerically-weak with Alok needing to recruit despite the technical and underwater support of the INS. That situation may not last too long given that the unit resides within the structures of ASI a very powerful, well-regarded and ubiquitous national institution. On the down side, in reflecting the situation in Australasia generally, the enormous strains on ASI in both funds and personnel with thousands of terrestrial sites to manage could mitigate against the Underwater Archaeology Wing growing unless it were able to successfully fight off the challengers to sparse financial and human resources. With the Indian Navy extremely supportive, with its powerful political support, equipment and technical expertise (including vessels and a wide range of remote sensing equipment and diving experience) the unit presently remains strong and very productive nonetheless. Maritime Archaeology Centre at the National Institute of Oceanography in Goa: Before Goa a visit was made to Varanasi (old Benares, the Ghats, a swim in the Ganges), Jaipur and its famous monuments, including a stunning hilltop fort at Amber, the ancient capital of Jaipur State. If anything apart from its intrinsic beauty and majesty, Amber Fort, its winding walls and battlements and the interpretation of its palace, gardens and the Zenana (women’s quarters) is a pointer to both the enormous challenges and success of the ASI refurbishment program nationally. For those interested, after Goa it was up to Mumbai (Bombay) to stay at Colaba, an amazing leafy Victorian-era enclave of imposing civic buildings lining grassed parks, port structures, old ferries and pleasure boats, a fascinating lighthouse on a rock offshore, Gandhi’s home, churches, temples (Jain, Hindu and others), Muslim markets replete with mosques and calling muezzin and finally Victorian-era monuments, including India Gate, wharf-side buildings and nearby residences—now appearing as converted tourist (of both Indian and alien type) hotels. At Old Goa the Portuguese churches, again managed by ASI were all that remained after the handing back of the colony and the wholesale destruction of the colonial infrastructure a few decades ago. In marvelling at their size and number, what became immediately apparent in the pouring rain was the problems had with timber used as flooring, roofing and supports in a monsoonal environment. The decay and enormous problems with that medium were clearly evident. ASI clearly have an ongoing and Herculean task and their interpretive signs and warnings against transgressing their strong heritage acts were ubiquitous and apparently successful, as were a very relaxed breed of dog, strikingly reminiscent of our dingo. As with Alok Tripathi in Delhi, the Maritime Archaeology Centre, National Institute of Oceanography in Goa is home to practitioners whose names are becoming increasingly familiar to AIMA members through the Bulletin and the IJNA e.g. AS Gaur, Sundaresh and Sila Tripathi. Not having site management or artefact collection responsibilities, being almost entirely research-based with a focus on publication, the Maritime Archaeology Centre with its specialists and technical staff is arguably a perfect foil and supplement to ASI and vice versa. It is under the supervision of ocean scientist Mr KH Vora who is justifiably very proud of the unit and its achievements for it has a very mature research program with many underwater archaeological publications, some with his contribution evident. In being situated amongst a wide range of oceanographers, I suspect that there are few places across the globe where archaeology is viewed so positively as a tool supporting geology students of climate change, meteorology and general oceanography alike. There after a tour of the facilities and a jealous peek at the display showing the range of NIO activities, equipment and vessels, I was presented with two works, one edited by SR Rao being 60 papers from the First Indian Conference of Marine Archaeology of Indian Ocean countries with 12 keynote addresses. Held in 1987 at Jamnagar in Gujerat State, the work is not only a celebration of the Society for Marine Archaeology which was founded by Prof. Rao in 1981 but a reflection of the diversity and strength of maritime archaeology in India 16 years on. Sections include the



problems and challenges of maritime archaeology, shipping and shipwrecks, survey method, submerged ports and structures, sea level change, marine art, ecology, conservation and technological advance. The other work edited by AS Gaur and KH Vora was the proceedings of the 7th Indian Ocean Conference on Marine Archaeology held in Goa at the Institute in October 2005. While it contains 21 similarly diverse articles, the links between underwater archaeology, geology, biology and technological advances in ocean science are increasingly evident and here expertly harvested. The path to the future: As I see it, maritime archaeology in India presently stands on two strong and complementary legs: the work and products of the Underwater Archaeology Wing, Archaeological Survey of India based at the Red Fort in Delhi and the Maritime Archaeology Centre of the National Institute of Oceanography in Goa. The Indian public generally sees maritime and underwater archaeology and heritage management generally as relevant, historically, socially and, very importantly, religiously. On a technical level equipment, expertise in remote sensing, diving and the other technical expertise required for high quality, modern maritime and underwater archaeological is readily available through the Indian Navy and the National Institute of Oceanography respectively. NIO also provides to maritime archaeology in India a ready source of interdisciplinary expertise for the oceanographers based there see the discipline providing some fundamental data for their geological, climatological and general oceanographic studies. The three institutions (INS/NIO/ASI) have regular conferences and their publications are numerous and high standard. On a regional level maritime archaeologists in India have good links to their counterparts in Sri Lanka and those operating in the Arabian Sea and the Gulfs to the west. This all serves to render the northern Indian ocean region one of the world’s strongest regional and mutually-supportive forces in the field. As advised earlier, we in AIMA can increasingly look towards it for learning and research opportunities, with attendance at regional conferences a worthwhile and rewarding experience. One weakness, other than the continual wrestle with monsoonal conditions appears, as was once the case in Australia, is a perceived lack of strong university input. The development of a university-based, third leg to the discipline would serve to strengthen Indian underwater and maritime archaeology immeasurably, for if either of the two legs supporting it presently failed, there could be problems. There is however a real problem for conservation, especially of organics in the region, no matter how well staffed the units might become, primarily due to the humidity.

Michael McCarthy

AROUND THE WORLD Benchmarking Competency in Maritime ArchaeologyThe 1934 edition of the Oxford English dictionary suggests that competence is “ability (to do, for a task)” and competent is “properly qualified (to do, for a task)”. Does that same definition hold true in 2007? And how does this relate to, or define the practice of maritime archaeology? Are there sufficient standards in place to benchmark against, and what is benchmarking really? The Nautical Archaeology Society has recently been commissioned by English Heritage to answer these questions in its new study entitled “Benchmarking Competence Requirements and Training Opportunities in Maritime Archaeology.” Two years in development, this project is intended to relate training to competence (the ability to do a task) and competence to standards (how well that task is done). The research is designed to identify the range and level of skills required in maritime archaeology, define



competencies, identify and define how ‘fit-for-purpose’ training is developed (in order to meet those standards), and to determine how sufficient opportunities can be provided to both gain and importantly maintain competencies. The aims of the research are therefore, to:

− Define “maritime” archaeology; − Identify the range of specific skills and knowledge required within the discipline; − Characterise the specific competencies required to meet appropriate standards; and − Benchmark training and other opportunities by which archaeologists can acquire and

further develop competency. The Society recognises that this may not be all encompassing. The research process will be a very open and consultative one for exactly this reason, with the NAS running a series of group consultations in the UK and abroad. In addition to the Sydney consultation, dates have been set for:

1. Portsmouth: Sunday 11th November 2007 (to coincide with NAS 2007 Annual Conference)

2. London: Thursday 31st January 2008 (to coincide with Annual UK Licensees Meeting)

3. Plymouth: Friday 8th February 2008 (to coincide with the International Shipwreck

Conference) It is hoped that the consultation will be extended to Albuquerque (to coincide with the Society for Historical Archaeology 2008 Conference), York, and potentially Edinburgh. In time, there will also be an online questionnaire available for download from the Society’s website. The Society wants to hear from anyone with an interest in the historic environment, archaeology (maritime or otherwise), education, training, standards. This is a unique opportunity to help shape the future of maritime archaeology, and one which may have far-reaching implications. Please direct all questions, comments, observation and advice to Sarah Ward at the Nautical Archaeology Society Head Office on + 44 (0) 2392 818419, or via email: [email protected]. Now is the time to consider - and share - your position. More information is available from the Nautical Archaeology Society Website (www.nauticalarchaeologysociety.org), including the project design, an introductory presentation, and in due course preliminary results. Benchmarking Competency in Maritime Archaeology is supported by English Heritage, Historic Scotland, and the University of Wolverhampton.

Sarah Ward Nautical Archaeology Society

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http://www.nauticalarchaeologysociety.org/


POSITION ANNOUNCEMENTS

JOB VACANCY AIMA ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICER

The Administrative Officer position within the AIMA organisation provides support to the roles of the Secretary and Treasurer by undertaking their more time consuming duties. The position was created within AIMA about 4 years ago to help manage the organisation’s diversified and growing membership. Objectives The objectives of the Administrative Officer position are to: • Keep AIMA accounts and membership records in order, up to date and easily accessible. • Assist the Secretary, Treasurer and AIMA/NAS Senior Tutor in their duties. • Provide administrative assistance for other AIMA functions, such as the annual AIMA

Conference. The new contract for AIMA’s Administrative Officer will run from 1 December 2007 – 30 November 2008, and the Administrative Officer will be paid $27.50 per hour for 4 hours of work per week (total of 16 hours a month). Applications for the job will be opened from Monday 22 October – Monday 5 November 2007. Applications may be sent by mail or electronically to: Jennifer Rodrigues (AIMA) Maritime Archaeology, WA Museum 47 Cliff Street Fremantle, WA 6160. Email: [email protected] If you wish to apply for the position, please contact the AIMA Secretary for a copy of the brief and job description, or for any queries you may have about the job. OSITIO

FORTHCOMING CONFERNCES AND EVENTS IKUWA3 The 3rd International Congress on Underwater Archaeology (IKUWA3) is to be held in London from 10-12 July 2008. IKUWA3 explores the theme of challenges in underwater archaeology: how underwater archaeology can be interlinked across boundaries, whether real or imagined, institutional, environmental, political, legislative or other. Underwater archaeology in the early 21st century is undergoing a period of unprecedented change: new technologies allow access to ever more numerous and more inaccessible sites, sites which are, paradoxically, under ever greater threat. Remote survey and diving technologies, the mapping of wrecks and submerged landscapes, and familiarity with undersea deposits across the globe increasingly place underwater archaeology in the middle of a new era of underwater exploration. Meanwhile, public involvement and interest in the underwater cultural heritage is at an all-time high, and tools such as the UNESCO Convention may lead to unprecedented changes in the management environment. Concurrent sessions will discuss:



· Research Trends and the Future · Techniques and Scientific Methods · Managing Underwater Cultural Heritage for the Public Supported by British Academy, English Heritage, Historic Scotland, DEGUWA, Gesellschaft für Schweizer Unterwasserarchäologie, the Römisch-Germanische Kommission, Hampshire and Wight Trust for Maritime Archaeology (HWTMA), the University College London, Department of the Environment Northern Ireland and the Underwater Archaeology Research Centre at the University of Nottingham (UARC), the Congress is being co-hosted by the Nautical Archaeology Society (NAS) the Institute of Field Archaeologists (IFA), and the Institute of Archaeology, University College London (UCL), reflecting the breadth of interest in archaeology under water and the range of individuals and organisations involved in the exploration and understanding of the maritime cultural resource. The IKUWA3 includes a three day practical field school, a three day conference (with associated social events), and two days of fieldtrips, together with a poster display, industry stands, and a bookshop. IKUWA3 coincides with the 2008 UK National Archaeology Week. Please visit the Congress Website: www.ikuwa3.com for more information. Abstracts of no more than 250 to 500 words are due no later than the 30th September 2007. A speakers fund is available for those who require financial assistance. NAS 2007 Featuring presentations from a range of professional and amateur archaeologists, the 2007 NAS Annual Conference will provide an opportunity to discuss research, review the archaeological activities of members, exchange ideas on managing our maritime cultural heritage, and network with friends and colleagues from both the UK and abroad. An exciting international event, the Conference will take place on Saturday 10th November 2007 and will incorporate a Maritime Exhibition, Poster Display, the 5th Annual Adopt-A-Wreck Award, the 2007 Annual General Meeting, and a day sailing a tall ship (Sunday 11th November). Colin Martin (NAS VP) will be the Master of Ceremonies, and our speakers will include: Deborah Carlson (Institute of Nautical Archaeology, Texas A&M University), Colin Palmer (University of Southampton), Peter Holt (3H Consulting Limited), Deborah Cvikel (University of Haifa), Kevin Camidge (DarkWright Archaeology), Della Scott-Ireton (Florida Public Archaeology Network), John Broadwater (NOAA), Wang Yu (Academia Sinica / James Cook University), Mark Dunkley (English Heritage), George Lambrick (Nautical Archaeology Society [formerly head of the Council for British Archaeology]), John Gribble (Wessex Archaeology), and Christopher Dobbs (Mary Rose Trust). For further details of the event, including a booking form, conference timetable and joining instructions, visit the Conference pages of the NAS website: http://www.nauticalarchaeologysociety.org/. Please also note that the event is NOT limited to NAS Members. AIMA Members are invited to attend at NAS Member rates. The NAS 2007 Annual Conference is supported by RUCO, English Heritage, BSAC, The Dive Connection, PADI International, RESON Offshore Ltd, Wessex Archaeology, the Sub-Aqua Association, and SeaStar Survey. Registrations close 2nd November 2007.


http://www.britac.ac.uk/

http://www.english-heritage.org.uk/

http://www.deguwa.org/

http://www.gsu.ch/

http://www.gsu.ch/

http://www.dainst.org/abteilung.php?id=268

http://www.hwtma.org.uk/

http://www.hwtma.org.uk/

http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/archaeology/underwater/

http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/archaeology/underwater/

http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/


http://www.archaeologists.net/modules/tinycontent/index.php?id=1

http://www.ucl.ac.uk/archaeology/

http://www.ikuwa3.com/



NEW BOOKS Yerranderie is my Dreaming by Valerie Lhuedé. Valued Books, PO Box 420 Milsons Point, NSW 1565. Paperback. RRP $49.50 incl. GST plus postage and handling. First Edition limited to 1000 copies numbered. Valerie Lhuedé owns the Private Town of Yerranderie, an isolated ghost town on the edge of the World Heritage Area of the Southern Blue Mountains of NSW. While researching the heritage of this old silver mining town she uncovered a fascinating story concerning the first white explorer to the area, Francis Luis Barrallier, a young Frenchman in the NSW Corps. In 1802, he was sent as an ambassador by Governor Phillip Gidley King to the mountain Aborigines. They become characters in the book. Francis wrote a journal describing the Aboriginal people he met en route and their reactions to him. Barrallier was a cartographer and became involved, with others, in the early mapping of the outline of Australia. Against the background of the English/French wars, these men and women criss-crossed the oceans in their sailing ships, vying for dominance in the new world. This book is described as ‘a very unusual Ghost Story’. Set against a pageant of mapmakers of two hundred years ago, the adventurers set sail in wooden ships from the Old World to the newly discovered island continent, half a globe away. The past comes to life again as characters speak from the records, or, where these are missing, from the informed imagination of the writer. It is an Australian history book with a difference. 1807—2007 Bicentennial of the Abolition of Slavery The Bill for Abolition stipulated that as from 1 January 1807 ‘all manner of dealing and trading in the purchase or transfer of slaves, or of persons intending to be sold in, at, or from any part of the coast or countries of Africa’ was to be ‘utterly abolished, prohibited, and declared to be unlawful’. Any ship under British colours which disobeyed was to be forfeited to the crown, and fines of £100 were to be levied for every slave illegally transported. A system of bounty rewards to captors of slaves and slave ships was introduced, insurance contracts negotiated on behalf of the trade were to be penalized, and all slaves captured from the illegal slave ships were automatically to be forfeited to the Crown. Not knowing where they came from, the agents of the Crown merely dumped them in the new colony of Sierra Leone. The Bill was well intentioned but hopelessly inadequate, and difficult to enforce. Another two decades passed before the iniquitous system of slavery was finally abolished in the mid-1830s. Throughout England, various cultural institutions, community and historic organizations have confronted this aspect of Britain’s history in various pioneering ways (see Tristram Hunt, ‘A bold step away from guilt and apology’ The Guardian Weekly, 31.08.07: 22). Cultural institutions such as the Victoria and Albert Museum have looked at the legacy of slavery through their own collections in their ‘Uncomfortable Truths’ installation, while cities such as Bristol and London have looked at their city’s economic development on the back of slavery. Liverpool, a city that once laid claim to the largest fleet of slave ships in the history of the trade as its merchants overtook Bristol and London in dominating the Middle Passage, recently opened the world’s first International Slavery Museum as a tribute to the bicentenary



of the abolition of the slave trade. The new museum is said to embody ‘an approach to the past that moves beyond the tired reparations debate’ (Hunt, 2007). While Australia has not directly taken this event on board, two recent publications remind us of this period of history. An article by Ibrahim Metwalli, Nicolas Bigourdan and Yann von Arnim titled ‘Interim report of a shipwreck at Pointe aux Feuilles, Mauritius: Le Coureur (1818), an illegal slaver’, appears in the latest volume of the AIMA Bulletin (31: 74–81). The historical background documents the activities of the vessel as it sailed to places such as Madagascar, Zanzibar and Mozambique to search for slaves, trying to avoid the patrolling British frigates stationed in the region. Secondly, Graeme Henderson, in the second edition of Unfinished Voyages, Western Australian Shipwrecks 1622–1850 (University of Western Australia Press, Nedlands WA, 2007, ISBN 910.45209941) gives a more detailed account of the James Matthews, formerly the slaver Don Francisco, taken as a prize by HM Brig Griffon in 1837. Recent research has identified the Don Francisco as the Bordeaux-owned Voltigeur, probably the 140-ton brig of that name built in the French annexed Belgium in 1800 (see Henderson, 2007: 245). Le Voltigeur visited Liverpool in 1829 and again in 1834, thus providing an Australian link with this previous major slave-trading centre.

Myra Stanbury Western Australian Museum

THE AIMA NEWSLETTER IS SUPPORTED BY: THE HISTORIC SHIPWRECKS PROGRAM



AIMA EXECUTIVE

2006 – 2007 President: Ross Anderson WA Maritime Museum 45-47 Cliff Street, FREMANTLE, WA 6160 Ph: (08) 9431 8442 Fax: (02) 9891 4688 Email: [email protected] Secretary Jennifer Rodrigues WA Maritime Museum Cliff Street, FREMANTLE, WA 6160 Ph: (08) 9431 8445 Fax: (02) 9891 4688 Email: [email protected] Treasurer: Peta Knott c/- Cosmos Archaeology Pty Ltd 122c Percival Road, STANMORE, NSW 2048 Ph: (04) 0723 2987 Fax: (03) 9655 9720 Email: [email protected] Sen.Vice President Cosmos Coroneos Cosmos Archaeology Pty Ltd 122c Percival Road, STANMORE, NSW 2048 Ph: (02) 9568 5800 Fax: (02) 9568 5822 Email: [email protected] Vice President Mike Nash Tasmanian Parks & Wildlife Service 134 Macquarie Street HOBART, TAS, 7000 Ph: (03) 6233 2387Fax: (03) 6233 3477 Email: [email protected] Vice President David Nutley New South Wales Heritage Office Department of Planning Locked Bag 5020, PARRAMATTA, NSW 2124 Ph: (02) 9873 8574 Fax: (02) 9878 8599 Email: [email protected]

State Councillors Commonweal h Kieran Hosty tQueensland Bill Jeffery, Vivian

Moran, Andrew Viduka New South Wales Phil Bowman, Greg

Hodge, Tim Smith Northern Territory David Steinberg New Zealand Mary O’Keefe Tasmania Brad Williams South Australia Peter Bell, Terry Drew,

Jennifer McKinnon Western Austra a Aidan Ash, Vicki li

Richards, Corioli Souter

Victoria Brad Duncan, Peter Harvey, Cassandra Philippou, James Parkinson

Public Officer Cassandra Philippou AIMA/NAS Senior Tutor David Nutley Auditor: Byron Chartered

Accountants Sub Committee: Publications Committee Jeremy Green, Myra Stanbury, Bill Jeffrey, Kieran Hosty, Mike Nash, Nathan Richards Website Administrator David Nutley AIMA/NAS Committee David Nutley, Ross Anderson, Mark Staniforth, Cos Coroneos, Greg Hodge, Tim Smith, Brad Duncan, Cass Philippou, Bill Jeffrey, Mike Nash, Brad Williams, Mary O’Keefe Australasian Institute for Maritime Archaeology (Inc) Registration No. A0820044J Western Australian Associations Incorporation Act 1987 Section 18(6) Newsletter; Registered by Australia Post Publication No: WBH 1635

EDITOR’S NOTE Thank you to all of the contributors of this newsletter issue. Special thanks to Mack for an update on his travels through India and the status of maritime heritage. Also, thanks to Myra for updating us on current publications. I continue to encourage contributors to provide content for the newsletter. It can only be as good as you make it. So send in those updates and make the next one thick. Contributors please note that the deadline to submit content for the next newsletter is December 15, 2007. Contributions can be sent via email to Jennifer McKinnon at: [email protected]










AIMA/NAS Training Newsletter Please send any contributions or comments to:

David Nutley New South Wales Heritage Office, Department of Planning, Locked Bag 5020,

Parramatta, NSW, 2124, Ph: (02) 9873 8574, Fax: (02) 9878 8599, [email protected]

Issue 43 September 2007

YOUR STATE TUTORS

Northern Territory David Steinberg Environment and Heritage Service (Ph) (08) 8924 4141 [email protected] South Australia Jason Raupp Department of Archaeology Flinders University GPO Box 2100 ADELAIDE, SA 5001 (Ph) (08) 8201 5533 [email protected] Queensland Bill Jeffery James Cook University (Ph) (07) 47815513 [email protected] New South Wales David Nutley (also senior tutor) NSW Heritage Office Locked Bag 5020, Parramatta, NSW (Ph) (02) 9873 8574 [email protected]

Victoria Cassandra Philippou Heritage Victoria GPO Box 2797Y MELBOURNE VIC 3001 (Ph) (03) 9655 9721 [email protected] Western Australia Corioli Souter Western Australia Maritime Museum Cliff Street FREMANTLE WA 6160 (Ph) (08) 9431 8448 [email protected] Tasmania Mike Nash Cultural Heritage Branch (Ph) (03) 6233 2387 [email protected] New Zealand Mary O’Keefe [email protected]

COURSE STRUCTURE

Part I

A 2 day introduction to maritime archaeology which includes at least 8 hours of classwork in addition to practical work underwater and on land. Being able to dive is not a requirement for attending this course. The cost of

Part I varies between $120 - $160 depending on the cost of venue hire. Those who complete Part I will receive AIMA Associate membership for one year. This is normally backdated to 1st July but for courses after 1st April participants can opt for membership commencing in the following July.

Part II




http://us.f338.mail.yahoo.com/ym/[email protected]








The attendance of a Survey Day School, or lecture series, the equivalent of 2 days attendance at archaeology conferences and the completion of a short project. The minimum requirement for the completion of Part II is the attendance of 7 approved lectures relevant to maritime archaeology, OR a Survey Day school which includes 2 lectures and practical survey work. Some of the Survey Day schools will be carried out above water to cater for non-divers. All participants are required to submit a satisfactory report on a short survey project undertaken by themselves. Participants are also required to attend the equivalent of a 2 day conference in order to gain a background knowledge of current work in the field of maritime archaeology.

Part III The accumulation of 100 contact hours of tuition in six or seven subject areas. The 100 contact hours can be accrued through special field schools of one or more weeks and/or through a number of weekend workshops.

Part IV The presentation of an extended portfolio of work on an approved subject/project, including a report to publication standard. The Part IV graduate will also have to have done a minimum of 12 weeks total on at least three sites since beginning Part II.


Maritime Archaeology in India

Documents

Transcript of Maritime Archaeology in India