Marine Who We Are What We Do
Transcript of Marine Who We Are What We Do
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The marine estate:
who we are and what we do
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The marine estate performs a unique and excing
role around the UKs coastline and beyond.
We are part of The Crown Estate, which managesa hugely diverse 7 billion property porolio across
the UK. The Crown Estates property comprises
four estates: urban; marine; rural; and Windsor.
Guided by our core values of commercialism,integrity and stewardship, our role is to manage
and enhance the value of our estates and to return
any surplus to the Treasury for the benet of the
naon. Over the last ten years The Crown Estate
has paid a total of 1.9bn to the Treasury.
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Our role within The Crown Estate isextesive: our orolio icludes almost
the ere seabed out to 12 aucal
miles (nm) and around half the UKs
foreshore, dal beds ad estuaries
where we have the right to issue
leases and licences. The Energy Act2004 allows us to issue leases for
renewable development out to the edge
of the UK coetal shelf, withi the
Renewable Energy Zone (REZ).
Examles of our resosibilies icludecoducg leasig rouds ad maagig
leases for aquaculture, wind and wave
ad dal sites. We also issue liceces for
aggregates, cables and pipelines, and
many more spanning across our
business sectors. The more recent Energy
Act 2008 also allows us to issue leasesfor natural gas and CO2 trasortao
ad storage withi the Gas Imortao
and Storage Zone (GISZ).
Between now and 2020, we have a crucial
role to ensure that our marine estatecoues to be maaged roerly
for future geeraos. Also that the
UK maintains a global lead in marine
energy. This growing industry has the
oteal to create thousads of jobs,
whilst securing energy supplies.
Climate change means that how, and
where, we produce energy is changing.
This challenge has placed the marine
estate at the forefront of the worlds
biggest clea eergy roject.
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Stewardship
Stewardship is a core value of The Crown
Estate, rereseg our commitmetto exemlary evirometal racce,
sustainability, and taking the long-term
view i our acvies. The Crow Estates
marine stewardship programme was
started i 1999 to suort raccal
rojects, relevat research, ad other
iiaves that imrove the statusand management of the marine estate.
The programme has two areas of focus:
Commuies iiaves that
further the good management
of the marine estate. Exampleshave included support of The Green
Blue iiave, a joit Royal Yachg
Associao ad Brish Marie
Federao roject, romog the
icreased sustaiability of acvies
in the marine environment.
Research sciec rojects that
underpin our knowledge of the
acvies we maage. This has
icluded a major research roject
looking at socio economic indicatorsof marie related acvies i the
UK economy.
The marine stewardship programme
has become an invaluable part of the
way we manage our unique estate.
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The marine estate is divided into nine business sectors,which includes a mix of tradional core business areas
and new growth areas. Due to the diversity of our acvies
we work closely with a large variety of organisaons
including regulators, trade associaons, local and naonal
government departments and representaves of the
shipping, aviaon and sheries industries.
Our structure
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With responsibility for around half
the foreshore in the UK, the marine
estate has built strog relaoshis
with local authories, orts ad
harbours, coservao ad statutory
bodies as well as substaal umbersof companies and individuals.
We have thousands of leases or
liceces for works ad acvies with
these orgaisaos, icludig over
17,000 licensed moorings, marinas,
Coastal assets
jees ad otoos. We also rovide
liceces to udertake metal detecg
o beaches ad give lmig coset
for lm roducos.
In Scotland the demand for mooringad achorage sace is arcularly high,
with over 5,500 licensed moorings across
the whole of Scotland. The marine estate
rovides a imortat role i facilitag
the provision of mooring space for the
Scosh boag commuity.
Our business sectors
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Aquaculture
The Crown Estate has over 900
aquaculture sites leased aroundthe UK. The idustry is a sigicat
employer in some of the UKs most
fragile rural coastal commuies,
as well as being an important food
industry worth over 400 million
per annum.
In the UK, aquaculture covers a wide
range of plants and animals, from
seaweeds through mussels, oysters
and scallops to salmon, halibut and
cod. This provides sources of bothfood, ad the oteal to roduce
chemicals and bio-fuels from marine
biomass our newest business sector.
Much of aquaculture takes lace i
the inshore waters of the west coast of
Scotland and the Western and Northern
Isles, where the most favourable
codios for aquaculture are to befound. However, the industry is growing,
arcularly with shellsh roduco
developing across other parts of the
UK. Aquaculture is responding well
to delivering the growing demand for
seafood, as tradioal cature sheriesbegin reaching their sustainable limits.
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The farming of marine macro-algae
commonly known as seaweed can
be used to produce biomass to heat
homes or rovide a source of echemicals or transport fuels.
Large scale farming of seaweed to
produce biomass has advantages over
land-based farming which requires
sigicat areas of oe valuable
Marine biomass
land, which in the process sees it
comeg with food, feed, forestry
and nature.
Our focus ow is to ivesgate the
best way to grow, harvest and process
seaweed, and to understand the
economic, environmental and social
impacts of large-scale seaweed farming
in the sea around the UK.
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Millios of tos of sad ad gravel
are used across the costrucoindustry and for coastal defence.
We manage nearly all marine sand
ad gravel resources lyig oshore
the UK with extraco cocetrated
oshore i Eglad ad Wales. Twetyper cent of all sand and gravel used
for costruco i the UK comes from
our marine estate.
Marine minerals
We also have interests in potash rocks
containing potassium which are usedrimarily as a ferliser. Mied at over 700
metres below the seabed, the mineral is
processed above ground. Salt produced
from the mine is used for road grit.
We work in partnership with industryand regulators to improve the
sustainability performance of the sector
through investment in the development
of kowledge ad best racce.
CO
URTESYOFBMApA
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The potenal for Britain
to lead in the oshore wind
industry is immense. We need
thousands of oshore turbines
over the next ten years and
beyond, and manufacturing
these needs large factories
which have to be on the coast.
The prime Miister,
Rt Ho David Camero Mp
Oshore wind energy
prime Miister David Cameros words
give a clear idicao of the hugeimact that oshore wid eergy will
have on all our futures.
The UK is curretly geerag
1.5GW from oerag oshore wid,
which is more than half of the worldsinstalled capacity.
The marine estate is focusing on
deliverig what is the most ambious
marine renewable energy programme
in the world, which by 2020, hasthe oteal to see over 25GW
of clea eergy from oshore wid
farms i oerao.
COURT
ESYOFvESTASOFFSHORE
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Waters o the UK boast some of the
best natural resources in the world to
generate electricity from the waves and
des a emergig idustry, i which theUK is at the forefront of development.
We have the worlds rst commercial
wave ad dal stream rogramme i the
Pentland Firth and Orkney waters, which
Wave and dal energy
iteds to deliver 1.6GW of geerag
capacity by 2020, (0.6GW of wave
rojects ad 1.0GW dal stream).
We are also providing development
rights for demostrao rojects
aroud the UK, ad are acvely
laig further leasig ad suorg
acvies for the comig years.
What is a gigawa? 1 gigawa (GW) is equal to 1 thousad megawas (MW) or
1 millio kilowas (kW). A tradioal ower stao caacity is tyically 1-2GW.
A 1GW oshore wid farm would comrise 200-300 turbies ad roduce eough
electricity each year to meet the needs of approximately 800,000 households.
CO
URTESYOFAqUAMARInEpO
WER
COURTESYOFE.On
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The UK is currently a large consumer
of gas for both domesc ad idustrial
purposes and is a net importer, which
means the value we import is higherthan the value we export. Due to
uctuaos i the suly of gas ad
seasonal demand, there is a need to
provide storage, which can be used when
the demand exceeds the available supply.
natural gas ca be stored for ideite
eriods of me by ijecg it ito
udergroud geological formaos, such
as depleted gas reservoirs or salt caverns.
The type and size of storage reservoir
is determied by the characteriscs
Natural gas storage
of demad variaos, for examle
whether it is for short-term, daily,
or loger-term seasoal uctuaos.
The Crown Estate has been involved
i leasig geological formaos
for natural gas storage since 1983
at the Rough eld, which rovides
a major cotribuo to high demad
days in winter. Under the Energy Act2008, The Crown Estate obtained rights
to lease underground storage space
for atural gas o the UK coetal
shelf. We have sice egoated lease
oos for two rosecve gas
storage facilies. COURTESYOFCEnTRICA
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Carbon dioxide (CO2) is emiedinto the atmosphere whenever fossil
fuels are burned. One opportunity,
to help prevent the CO2 building up
i the atmoshere ad oteally
causing adverse environmental
problems is to capture the CO2and then permanently dispose of,
or store, it deep underground.
The Energy Act 2008 permits the
storage of CO2 o the UK coetal
shelf. In order to undertake suchdevelopments, a lease from The Crown
Estate to use the seabed is required,
i addio to regulatory ermissio
from the government.
Develoig carbo trasortao adstorage is seen as a vital step towards the
UK meeg its target for reducig carbo
emissions over the next two decades.
This is a ew acvity for The Crow
Estate, and we are working with all
CO2 transportaon and storage
stakeholders including government
deartmets, develoers ad ulitycompanies to develop detailed
imlemetao arragemets withi
UK waters. I addio, over the ext
ve to 10 years we la to work with
government to facilitate large-scale
o-commercial demostrao rojects.
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OTTISHpOWER
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Cables, pipelines and new transmission assets
Around the UK, the seabed is
crisscrossed with telecommuicaoscables and gas and oil pipelines.
We provide leases and licences
for cables and pipelines within 12nm
around the UK coastline, and need
to be informed of proposed cablesand pipelines that fall within the 200nm
limit, as other developments may be
aected. Our ermissio is codioal
on the applicant having obtained all
necessary consents from government
and demonstrated evidence ofagreement having been reached with
exisg teats withi the viciity.
As much as 95 er cet of iteraoal
iteret ad telehoe trac goes
through bre oc udersea cables.The UK is considered a key hub for
the roug of iteraoal systems,
ideed as the shortest route to
north America. This is esseal for stock
exchage iformao, as the shortest
distance reduces cabling costs and also
limits the me delay i data trasfer.
The UK is a stepping stone to Europe,
Asia and Africa.
Oil and gas pipelines enable the delivery
of natural reserves to be brought from
oshore elds to shore. Their locaos
arise as a result of the oshore resources
and onshore processing terminals.
The develomet of oshore geerao
which icludes wid, wave ad dal
energy brings with it a requirement
for electricity transmission. This is an
area of our orolio which we evisage
growing to meet demand.
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Marie laig ad olicy
We take a sustainable and evidence-based approach to managing our
business. Our marine asset planning
caability is suorted by our Marie
Resource System (MaRS) which has
more than 500 layers of data, covering
large arts of the UK coetal shelf.Our kowledge ad exerse of the
marine environment ensures a pro-
acve aroach to our maagemet
and development of the seabed.
The Crown Estate sets out to workwith the grain of government policy.
Our engagement in marine andeergy-related olicy is of sigicat
importance to us.
Government policy is the key
iuece o our eergy-related
busiess, i arcular the rovisioof iceves, targets, regulao
and investment.
Our team has a detailed understanding
of governments policy in these areas
ad acvely egages i develometad imlemetao.
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www.thecrownestate.co.uk
London16 New Burlington Place
London W1S 2HX
Tel. 020 7851 5000
Edinburgh6 Bells Brae
Edinburgh EH4 3BJ
Tel. 0131 260 6070
All facts and gures are correct at me of print.
Produced by The Crown Estate Summer 2011.
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From well-managed forests
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