Marine Safety Incident and Demographic Report July 2012€¦ · Web view28 December 2013, PWC...

Maritime safety incident statistics

Transport Safety Victoria

Annual Report

July 2013 to June 2014

This document is a summary provided for information purposes only. No warranty or representation is made that the data or information contained in this document is accurate, reliable, complete or current or that it is suitable for a particular purpose. This document should not be relied upon as a substitute for the relevant legislation, legal or professional advice.

Published by Transport Safety VictoriaLevel 15, 121 Exhibition StreetMelbourne, Victoria 3000Telephone: 1800 223 022© Copyright State Government of Victoria 2014.This publication is copyright. No part may be reproduced by any process except in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright Act 1968.

Authorised by the Victorian Government, Melbourne.

Marine safety incident statistics - 2013-14 Annual Report of 24

Contents

Introduction.................................................................................................................................4

About this report......................................................................................................................4Key findings............................................................................................................................4

Maritime fatalities and serious injuries........................................................................................5Fatalities..................................................................................................................................5

Serious injuries.......................................................................................................................6Marine incidents- recreational.....................................................................................................7

Recreational incidents by incident type...................................................................................7Recreational incidents by waterway type................................................................................8

Recreational incidents by waterway......................................................................................10Recreational disablement incidents......................................................................................12

Recreational disablement incidents by vessel type..............................................................13Marine incidents- commercial...................................................................................................14

Commercial incidents by incident type..................................................................................14Commercial incidents by month............................................................................................15

Commercial marine incidents by waterway type...................................................................16Commercial marine incidents by waterway...........................................................................17

Waterways incident analysis.....................................................................................................19Appendix A: data definitions and collection..............................................................................20

Reporting requirements in Victoria........................................................................................20Explanatory notes.................................................................................................................20

Changes to data collected................................................................................................20Legislative changes..........................................................................................................20

Marine incident definition..................................................................................................21Data definitions.................................................................................................................21

Additional incident data definitions....................................................................................23


Introduction

About this reportThis report provides an overview of marine incidents for Victoria during the 2013-14 boating season. The 2013-14 season includes incidents that have occurred in the period 1 July 2013 to 30 June 2014.

This report is an update to, and replacement for, the quarterly Marine Incident and Demographic statistics reports provided throughout the 2013-14 season. It contains additional information including geospatial analysis and trending. This season’s incidents are compared with those of the three previous seasons.

The 2011-12 and 2012-13 annual marine safety incident and demographic statistic reports also included demographic data in the form of licence statistics, recreational vessel registrations and commercial vessel surveys. The following report does not include demographic statistics in favour of releasing a stand-alone report later in the year.

Information about the data collection and codification methodologies is detailed in Appendix A of this report.

Key findings During the 2013-14 boating season ten marine fatalities resulted from eight

recreational incidents and two commercial vessel incidents.

The number of marine incidents involving recreational vessels increased 0.47% when compared with the average of the three preceding seasons.

Of the 1287 reported recreational incidents in the 2013-14 season, 2.56% resulted in fatality, serious injury or lost vessel which are the three worst possible outcomes for a marine incident.

Recreational incidents on inland waters have increased 15.24% and incidents on coastal inshore, costal offshore and enclosed waters have remained relatively stable when compared with the average of the three preceding seasons.

There were 46 reported commercial marine incidents in the 2013-14 boating season, a 22.91% decrease when compared with the average of the three preceding seasons.

There were two fatal incidents involving commercial vessels in 2013-14; this compares with none 2012-13, none in 2011-12 and one in 2010-11.

The majority of commercial incidents occurred on Port Phillip Bay (34.78%), Western Port Bay (13%) and the Yarra River (10.87%) as was the case for the three previous seasons.


Maritime fatalities and serious injuries

FatalitiesIn 2013-14 there were ten fatalities from ten marine incidents in Victoria; this compares with five fatalities from four incidents in 2012-13 and six fatalities from five incidents in 2011-12.

The table below contains data on fatalities that occurred as a result of marine incidents in Victoria. It shows the number of fatalities for each month of each year from 1 July 2010 through to 30 June 2014. The last column shows the total for each boating season.

Table 1: Marine incident fatalities by month from 1 July 2010 to 30 June 2014

Year of incident Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Total

2010-11 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 6

2011-12 2 0 0 0 2 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 6

2012-13 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 5

2013-14 0 0 1 0 1 1 6 0 0 0 0 1 10

Further information 3 September 2013: A 61 year old male died after falling overboard from his 4.5m open

vessel at Shallow Inlet. 21 November 2013: A 55 year old male died when he entered the water in an attempt

to retrieve his 3.8m open vessel that had blown off shore on Lake Nillahcootie. 13 December 2013: A 60 year old male died after he entered the water from the rear

deck of a 19m commercial charter vessel while it was manoeuvring in Port Phillip Bay. 2 January 2014: A 28 year old male died while swimming to shore for assistance after

his 3.5m open vessel became disabled on Waranga Basin. 5 January 2014: three men swam to shore after their 4.3m open vessel was swamped

and sank off Point Cook in rough weather. Once ashore one of the men, a 49 year old, collapsed and died.

10 January 2014: A 12 year old girl died and two others were injured when two vessels collided on Lake Eppalock.

19 January 2014: A 64 year old male died after his 5.9m half cabin vessel capsized two nautical miles off Waratah Bay. A 34 year old male survived the incident.

19 January 2014: A 20 year old male died after his kayak capsized in Kananook Creek. 19 January 2014: A 36 year old male is missing after his emergency position indicating

radio beacon (EPIRB) was activated. His 6.2 metre half cabin vessel was subsequently located upturned on the rocks at Kilcunda. The missing operator is now presumed to be deceased.

18 June 2014: A 64 year old male failed to return after a fishing trip off Port Fairy. His 11 m vessel was located 18 Nm South East of Port Fairy. The missing operator is now presumed to be deceased.


Serious injuriesThere were seventeen incidents that resulted in serious injury in the 2013-14 season, eight fewer than in 2012-13. Sixteen of the seventeen serious injury incidents involved a recreational vessel and one incident involved a commercial vessel.

Table 2 contains data on marine incidents that have resulted in serious injury in Victoria. It shows the number of incidents that occurred in each month of each year since 1 July 2010. The last column shows the incident total for each boating season.

Table 2: Marine incident serious injuries by month from 1 July 2010 to 30 June 2014

Year of incident Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Total

2010-11 0 0 0 0 2 4 7 2 0 4 2 0 21

2011-12 1 0 1 2 1 5 7 3 3 0 0 1 24

2012-13 1 1 0 1 0 6 11 2 1 0 1 1 25

2013-14 1 1 0 0 4 3 4 3 1 0 0 0 17

Further information 20 July 2013, cabin cruiser onboard incident on the Tambo River 1 August 2013, half cabin flooding on Port Phillip Bay 2 November 2013, ski boat fire on Lake Eppalock 4 November 2013, other personal injury caused by operating a personal watercraft

(PWC) on Lake Eildon 16 November 2013, open vessel fire on Goulburn River 26 November 2013, yacht (keel boat) grounding off San Remo in Western Port Bay 6 December 2013, other personal injury caused by operating a PWC on Port Phillip

Bay 28 December 2013, yacht (keel boat) onboard incident (falls within vessel) on Port

Phillip Bay 28 December 2013, PWC collision with a fixed object on Kangaroo Lake 4 January 2014, PWC collision with a fixed object on Western Port Bay 15 January 2014, commercial cruise ship onboard incident, approximately 100 nautical

south east of Portland 27 January 2014, PWC collision with ski boat biscuit on Curdies River 29 January 2014, open vessel grounding on Lake Lascelles 2 February 2014 person overboard from a PWC on Lake Eppalock 8 February 2014, half cabin capsized on Port Phillip Bay 23 February 2014, persons overboard from a ski boat involved in a race on Lake

Charm

13 March 2014, a kayaker capsized at Webb Dock and became tangled in either anchor or fishing lines.


Marine incidents- recreationalIn the 2013-14 boating season, there were 1287 reported recreational marine incidents; this is an increase of 0.47% when compared with the average of the three preceding seasons.

Of the ten fatal incidents this season, eight involved recreational vessels. When comparing this season with the average of the three preceding seasons, the number of incidents resulting in fatality, serious injury or vessel loss (the three worst possible outcomes of a marine incident) increased by 6.45%. The proportion of incidents to result in fatality, serious injury or lost vessel is 2.56%; this compares with 2.66% in 2012-13.

Figure 1 shows the number of recreational marine incidents that occurred each boating season from 2010-11 through to 2013-14. The data is also listed in the last row of Table 3 on the next page.

Figure 1: Marine incidents involving recreational vessels from 2010-11 to 2013-14

Recreational incidents by incident typeOf the 1287 recreational vessel incidents this season, 275 (21.37%) were classified as ‘serious incidents’ and 1,012 (78.63%) were disablements (refer to Appendix 1, Table 19 for the definition of a serious incident).

This season there was a 73.54% increase in ‘Person in Trouble’ incidents. Improved reporting, specifically distinguishing the difference between a vessel disablement and person in trouble incident, has partly contributed to the increase. It is strongly supported by the absence of rafts, kayaks, kites and windsurfers in the disablement statistics this season when compared with previous seasons. Of the person in trouble incidents this season, 40% (n=19) involved human powered vessels (kayaks, rowing boats, rafts, stand-up paddle boards and canoes), 29% (n=14) involved sail powered vessels (kites, windsurfers) and 31% (n=15) involved


mechanically powered vessels. Of the person in trouble incidents 93.75% resulted in no damage and 6.25% resulted in damage to property only.

Table 3 shows the number of marine incidents involving recreational vessels by year. The first column lists the incident type and the adjacent columns show the number of incidents that occurred in each year. The last row shows the total for each year.

Table 3: Marine incidents involving recreational vessels from 2010-11 to 2013-14

Incident type 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14Capsizing 24 41 43 37Close quarters 1 2 1 0Collision 19 20 15 23Disablement of vessel 960 1089 1125 1012Explosion 3 2 6 3Fire 5 6 8 11Flooding 17 15 11 23Grounding 60 86 74 89Loss of stability 1 1 1 0Loss or presumed loss of vessel

1 1 4 1

Onboard incident 8 8 6 6Other personal injury 5 11 5 4Person in trouble 33 24 26 48Person overboard 10 13 18 15Sinking 0 0 0 1Structural failure 0 3 0 4Swamping 10 10 11 10Total 1157 1332 1354 1287

Recreational incidents by waterway type Most recreational marine incidents occurred on enclosed waters (86.32%) followed by coastal inshore waters (6.29%), inland waters (4.51%) and coastal offshore waters (2.80%).

Table 4 shows the proportion of recreational marine incidents by waterway type from 2010-11 through to 2013-14. The first column lists the waterway type and the adjacent columns show the proportion of incidents to occur in each year.

Table 4: Recreational marine incidents by waterway type from 2010-11 to 2013-14

Waterway type 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14Coastal inshore 5.96% 6.61% 6.50% 6.29%Coastal offshore 3.20% 2.18% 3.47% 2.80%Enclosed 86.60% 86.41% 86.26% 86.32%Inland 3.28% 4.73% 3.69% 4.51%

Outside Victorian waters

0.95% 0.08% 0.07% 0.08%


Figure 2 shows the proportion of recreational marine incidents to occur in each waterway type. The two pie-graphs allow a comparison between the average of the three preceding seasons and the current season. The first pie-graph (Figure 2) shows recreational marine incidents by waterway type for the 2010-11 to 2012-13 seasons. The second pie-graph (Figure 3) shows recreational marine incidents by waterway type for the 2013-14 season.

Recreational incidents on inland waters have increased 15.24% this season. Incidents on coastal inshore, costal offshore and enclosed waters have remained relatively stable when compared with the average of the three preceding seasons.

Figure 2: Recreational marine incidents by waterway type for the 2010-11 to 2012-13 seasons

Figure 3: Recreational marine incidents by waterway type for 2013-14 season


Recreational incidents by waterwayRecreational marine incidents occurred on 43 different waterways this season compared with 46 in 2012-13. In 2013-14, 54% (n=697) occurred on Port Phillip Bay and 16% (n=199) occurred on Western Port Bay; Table 5 below shows the top ten waterways for recreational marine incidents in 2013-14.

Table 5: Top 10 waterways for recreational marine incidents in 2013-14

Waterway nameNumber of incidents

Port Phillip Bay 697Western Port Bay 199Corio Bay 77Lake Victoria 49Bass Strait - Western 43Bass Strait - Northern 35Lake King 26Bass Strait - Eastern 25Lake Eildon 20Yarra River 15

Figure 4 on the next page shows the 2013-14 recreational marine incidents by incident severity plotted geospatially over a map of Victoria.


Figure 4: Recreational marine incidents for the 2013-14 season, shown by incident severity


Recreational disablement incidents Recreational disablement incidents have decreased by 4.35% when compared with the average of the three preceding seasons. Consistent with previous seasons, the majority of disablements (98.32%) resulted in no damage, which is the lowest incident severity rating.

The graph in Figure 5 shows the number of recreational disablement incidents that occurred each month, each season commencing 2010-11. The data is also listed in Table 6 below. The peak month for disablements involving recreational vessels was January (16.4%) followed by December (15.9%).

Figure 5: Recreational disablements by year and month from 2010-11 to 2013-14

Table 6: Recreational disablements by year and month from 2010-11 to 2013-14

Month 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14Jul 25 17 34 24Aug 21 35 20 28Sep 32 69 64 64Oct 104 131 110 88Nov 141 153 181 130Dec 138 169 169 161Jan 172 185 160 166Feb 76 89 105 107Mar 90 100 113 96Apr 96 93 81 65May 37 19 47 41Jun 28 29 41 42Total 960 1089 1125 1012


Recreational disablement incidents by vessel typeTable 7 lists the percentage of recreational disablements by vessel type for the 2013-14 season. The pie-graph in Figure 6 illustrates the top five vessel types for recreational disablements for the 2013-14 season.

Table 7: Recreational disablements by vessel type for 2013-14Vessel type TotalHalf cabin 41.21%Open 39.92%Cabin cruiser 10.57%Personal water craft 3.95%Yacht (keel boat) 2.87%Trailer sailer 0.69%Yacht/catamaran (off the beach) 0.30%*Vessel not identified 0.20%Houseboat 0.10%Ski boat 0.10%Sea plane 0.10%

* Vessel type or registration number not recorded by responding agency.

Figure 6: Top five vessel types for recreational disablements for the 2013-14 season


Marine incidents- commercialThere were 46 reported commercial marine incidents in the 2013-14 boating season, a 22.91% decrease when compared with the average of the three preceding seasons.

In 2013-14, there were two Victorian marine fatalities involving commercial vessels, one involving a passenger on a 19.85m passenger (class 1) vessel and the other involving a sole operator of a 11m passenger charter vessel (class 2C).

Of the 46 commercial incidents this season, 65.22% (n=30) resulted in no damage, 26.09% (n=12) resulted in vessel damage and 2.17% (n=1) resulted in property damage.

The graph in figure 7 shows the number of commercial marine incidents that occurred each year from 2010 to 2014.

Figure 7: Marine incidents involving commercial vessels from 2010-11 to 2013-14

Commercial incidents by incident typeOf the 46 commercial vessel incidents, 28 (60.87%) were classified as serious incidents and 18 (39.13%) were disablements. Grounding (n=9) and collision (n=7) were the leading causes (types) of serious incidents in 2013-14 (Table 8).

Five of the seven collision incidents involved a collision of vessels, one involved a collision with a submerged object and one involved a collision with a fixed object. Of the five collision of vessels incidents, two were a collision of two commercial vessels, and three were a collision of a commercial vessel with a recreational vessel.


There were 10 marine incidents involving hire and drive (class 4) vessels this season, compared with seven in 2012-13. Six of the 10 hire and drive vessel incidents this season were disablements, three were grounding - unintentional and one was an on-board incident. Table 8 shows the number of marine incidents by incident type involving commercial vessels. The first column shows the incident type and the adjacent columns show the number of incidents that occurred each year. The last row shows the total for each year.

Table 8: Marine incidents involving commercial vessels from 2010-11 to 2013-14

Incident type 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14Capsizing 2 1 1 1Close quarters 4 6 8 2Collision 18 11 7 7Disablement of vessel 27 24 22 18Fire 0 2 1 1Flooding 1 0 4 0Grounding 3 12 5 9Loss of stability 0 0 0 1Onboard incident 8 6 1 2Other personal injury 0 2 0 1Person in trouble 0 0 0 1Person overboard 0 0 0 2Sinking 0 1 0 0Structural failure 0 0 0 1Swamping 0 2 0 0Total 63 67 49 46

Commercial incidents by monthThe peak month for marine incidents involving commercial vessels was December (17.39%), followed by February (15.22%). Table 9 below shows the number of commercial marine incidents that occurred each month and each year from 1 July 2010. The last row shows the total for each year.

Table 9: Commercial marine incidents by month and year

Month 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14Jul 0 4 3 4Aug 5 3 2 1Sept 5 6 2 6Oct 3 5 4 3Nov 8 6 10 3Dec 8 5 5 8Jan 3 5 7 5Feb 4 11 4 7Mar 6 8 3 5Apr 11 4 2 0May 6 6 3 2Jun 4 4 4 2Total 63 67 49 46


Commercial marine incidents by waterway typeCommercial marine incidents occurring on enclosed waters are still the most common as a proportion of total incidents. Incidents on inland waters have decreased from six in 2012-13 to three in 2013-14. Table 10 and the graph in Figure 8 show the proportion of commercial marine incidents by waterway type. The data is shown for each season from 2010-11 to 2013-14.

Table 10: Commercial marine incidents by year and waterway typeWaterway type 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14Coastal inshore 15.87% 13.43% 6.12% 4.35%Coastal offshore 4.76% 7.46% 6.12% 8.70%Enclosed 71.43% 65.67% 75.51% 78.26%Inland 6.35% 13.43% 12.24% 6.52%Outside Victorian waters*

1.59% 0.00% 0.00% 2.17%

* In Figure 8 below incidents occurring outside Victorian waters are referred to as “unnavigable”.

Figure 8: Commercial marine incidents by waterway type from 2009-10 to 2013-14


Commercial marine incidents by waterwayOf the commercial incidents reported in the 2013-14 season, 34.78% (n=16) occurred on Port Phillip Bay and 13% (n=6) occurred on Western Port Bay. There was one serious injury incident involving a commercial vessel this season. This incident involved a passenger on a cruise ship that was outside Victorian waters (100 nautical miles from the Victorian coast) however Victorian assets were used in the response.

Table 11 shows the top 10 waterways for commercial marine incidents for the 2013-14 season.

Table 11: Top 10 waterways for commercial marine incidents

Waterway Name TotalPort Phillip Bay 16Western Port Bay 6Yarra River 5Lake Victoria 4Bass Strait - Northern 2Reeve Channel & Waters South

2

Bass Strait - Western 2Lake King 1Tambo River 1Sydenham Inlet 1

Figure 9 on the next page shows the 2013-14 commercial marine incidents by incident severity plotted geospatially over a map of Victoria.


Figure 9: Commercial marine incidents for the 2013-14 season, shown by incident severity


Waterways incident analysisThis section contains a consolidation of both recreational and commercial incidents. Incidents noted as being outside Victorian waters are included because Victorian rescue assets were used to respond to the incident.

Table 12 shows the number of marine incidents by waterway type for each year commencing 2010-11.

Table 12: Marine incidents by waterway type from 2009 to 2013Waterway type 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14Coastal inshore 79 97 90 83Coastal offshore 39 34 50 40Enclosed 1047 1194 1204 1147Inland 42 71 56 61Outside Victorian waters

12 1 1 2

Total 1219 1397 1401 1333

The 1,333 marine incidents this 2013-14 season occurred on 44 different waterways, 16 waterways had only one incident recorded.

The pie-graph in Figure 10 illustrates the top ten waterways for all marine incidents for the 2013-14 season. Of the 1333 incidents this season, 91.75% (n=1223) occurred on the following ten waterways (Figure 10).

Figure 10: Top ten waterways for marine incidents for 2013-14


Appendix A: data definitions and collection

Reporting requirements in VictoriaThe following reporting requirements applied to both recreational and commercial vessels during the 2013-14 boating season:

Victoria’s marine operators are required to report certain types of marine incidents to the Victoria Water Police under the Marine Safety Act 2010 (Vic) (MSA).

Under section 173(1)(i) of the Transport Integration Act 2010 (Vic) one of the functions of the Director, Transport Safety is to "collect information and data about, and commission and sponsor research into, transport safety matters". Transport Safety Victoria (TSV) uses the data it collects from marine operators to monitor trends and safety risks in the marine environment across Victoria and identify regulatory interventions accordingly.

Although not a specific requirement of this legislation, recreational incidents involving a request to Victoria Water Police for search and rescue assistance are reported to TSV by Victoria Water Police through the Marine Safety System.

Reporting requirements apply to commercial vessels under the Marine Safety (Domestic Commercial Vessel) National Law Act 2012 (the National Law). Sections 88 and 89 in Schedule 1 of the National Law require that both the owner and master of a domestic commercial vessel involved in a marine incident report the incident to AMSA as the National Regulator.

Explanatory notesChanges to data collectedThis report is an update of a similar report that is published quarterly. Data is adjusted to reflect new information that comes to light during the reporting period.

Legislative changesIt appears that the introduction of the Marine Safety Act on 1 July 2012 (replacing the Marine Act 1988 (Vic)) has had the expected and desired result of an increase in marine incident reporting. The increase is due to the extension of reporting requirements to include recreational marine operators and the extension of the definition of a marine incident to include a close quarters situation.

On 1 July 2013, the National Law commenced, making this the first boating season in which the National Law applied to domestic commercial vessels. In Victoria, masters and owners of commercial vessels were already familiar with the requirement to report marine incidents under section 94 of the MSA. Consequently it appears the introduction of the National Law has not been followed by an increase in domestic commercial vessel marine incident reporting.

Marine incident definitionThe National Marine Safety Data Collection Reference Manual: Data Standards and Definition for Marine Incidents 18 December 2007 (Reference Manual), defines a marine incident as an event causing or involving any of the following in connection with the operation of a vessel:

1. the death of, or injury to, any person on board a vessel, or caused by a vessel2. the loss of a person from a vessel3. the abandonment, loss or presumed loss of a vessel4. the collision of a vessel with another vessel or with an object5. the grounding, sinking, flooding or capsizing of a vessel


6. a fire or explosion aboard a vessel7. loss of stability affecting the safety of a vessel8. structural failure of a vessel.

Data definitionsIncident data has been codified in accordance with the Reference Manual. For convenience, an extract of the incident type descriptors is included in this document. For full explanatory notes please read this report in conjunction with the Reference Manual.

The table below provides a description of the different types of marine incidents that may be reported to TSV.

Table 17: Marine incident data definitionsType DescriptionCollision A marine incident involving the collision of an operating vessel may

include any of the following instances: a) Collision of vessels

Striking together two or more vessels, at least one vessel must be in operation or operating; but does not include striking a permanently fixed man-made object.

a) Collision with a fixed objectA vessel striking a permanently fixed man-made object, e.g. aid to navigation, overhead bridge, sea walls, or groynes; and does not include striking another vessel.

b) Collision with a floating objectA vessel striking an object that is waterborne and is free to move with tide, current or wind and is visible from the surface of the water; does not include living animals but does include carcasses and does not include striking another vessel.

c) Collision with an animalVessel striking a living animal which may or may not be normally found in a marine environment.

d) Collision with overhead obstructionAny part of a vessel making contact with power lines, or other overhead obstructions suspended above a waterway.

e) Collision with submerged objectA vessel making contact with an object that is waterborne and may be free to move with tide, or current and is not visible from the surface of the water e.g. submerged container, submarine cable. This category does not include groundings.

f) Collision with wharf A vessel making contact with a wharf/jetty/pontoon/boat ramp and causing damage to the vessel and/or wharf etc.


Type DescriptionGrounding A marine incident involving an operating vessel grounding may include

any of the following instances: a) Grounding unintentional

When a vessel unintentionally comes into contact with the bottom of a waterway so that the vessel ceases to be completely waterborne. This includes a vessel, either under command or not under command, running aground, striking or pounding on rocks, reefs or shoals, but not making contact with a beach or grounding intentionally.

b) Grounding intentionalA vessel, under command, is put aground intentionally by the operator. An intentional grounding of a vessel is not a reportable marine incident unless the vessel is damaged in some way that makes the incident reportable.

Capsizing Vessel overturns so that the keel becomes uppermost or the vessel may lie on its side.

Sinking A vessel becomes submerged and settles below the surface of the water.Swamping A vessel fills with water particularly over the side (that is, water is filling

from the upper part of the vessel) but retains sufficient buoyancy to remain waterborne. If the vessel does not retain sufficient buoyancy to remain waterborne, the incident type becomes a sinking.

Flooding A breach of the vessel’s watertight integrity (that is, water filling from the lowest part of the vessel) due to the ingress of water into the vessel. The vessel retains sufficient buoyancy to remain waterborne. If the vessel does not retain sufficient buoyancy to remain waterborne, the incident type becomes a sinking.

Loss or presumed loss of a vessel

A vessel has not returned as stated or intended prior to departure and may be considered to be missing at sea.

Structural failure Damage to a vessel due to the structural failure of the vessel’s hull, superstructure, engines, machinery, or equipment due to such things as metal fatigue, corrosion, broken welds, wood rot, electrical faults, insufficient materials in the construction of the vessel and excessive stress or wear on any component. Examples include dismasting of sailing vessels due to the mast being broken. Does not include flooding or sinking due to a breach of the hull.

Loss of stability The inadvertent movement of cargo, equipment or other materials which affects the vessel’s ability to return to an upright position when laterally displaced but does not include loss of stability due to swamping or flooding.

Fire Accidental burning of a vessel’s fuels or their vapours or of any material on board a vessel.

Explosion Accidental explosion of any material on board a vessel including vessel fuel or its vapours.

Person overboard

A person falls from a vessel into the water/sea/waterway.


Type DescriptionOnboard injury A marine incident involving an operating vessel where the incident occurs

onboard the vessel may include any of the following instances: a) Falls within vessel

Person onboard a vessel falls within the confines of the vessel.b) Crushing or pinching

An incident where a person is crushed or pinched by any part of the vessel or vessel’s machinery because of the operation of the vessel.

c) Other onboard injury Any other incident on board a vessel (passenger, crew) due to the operation of the vessel; does not include a fall overboard, falls within vessel, or crushing or pinching.

Other personal injury

A marine incident involving an operating vessel may include any of the following instances:

a) Hit by vessel or propeller Person not on board a vessel is hit by a vessel or vessel’s propeller, this does not include a fall overboard, skiing or diving incident.

b) Skiing incident An incident when a person is engaged in waterskiing. Waterskiing includes aquaplaning, knee boarding, wake surfing and any similar towed activity carried out in association with a vessel.

c) Parasailing incidentAn incident where a person is engaged in parasailing. Parasailing is an activity utilising a parachute towed by a vessel to enable a person to become airborne.

d) Diving incident An incident involving an operating vessel and a person engaged in a diving related activity. For the purposes of this document, a diving activity includes diving using surface-supplied breathing apparatus, SCUBA diving, breath-hold diving (also known as free diving or skin diving) and snorkelling.

e) Other incidents caused by an operating vessel Any other incident involving a person not on board a vessel (e.g. swimmer, surfboard rider) due to the operation of a vessel; does not include a fall overboard, falls within vessel, crushing or pinching, hit by a vessel or propeller, skiing or diving incident.

Additional incident data definitionsTSV collects data regarding three additional "near miss" incident types that do not comply with the definition of a marine incident in the Reference Manual but are useful indicators of risk and decision making. The definition of a close quarters situation is the working definition used by TSV and is now included in the Marine Safety Act. The definitions of a disablement and person in trouble are working definitions only.

Table 18 below provides a description of the different types of marine incidents not included in Table 17.


Table 18: Additional incident data definitionsType DescriptionClose quarters situation

a) at least 2 vessels pass within proximity of each other such that a reasonable person would in all the circumstances conclude there was a risk of collision by those vessels;

b) one vessel passes within proximity of an object such that a reasonable person would in all the circumstances conclude there was a risk of collision by that vessel with that object.

Disablement A powered vessel becoming disabled and requiring assistance.Person in trouble

Person(s) that require assistance because they cannot continue in their vessel unassisted.

Table 19: Other definitionsVessel type DescriptionSerious incident Any incidents that conform to the definition of a marine incident in the

Reference Manual including: capsizing, close quarters, collision, fire, flooding, grounding, loss of stability, onboard incident, other personal injury, person overboard, sinking, structural failure, swamping, and person in trouble.

Recreational vessel*

A vessel used solely for the purposes of recreational or sporting activities and not for hire or reward.

Commercial vessel *

Any vessel that is operated in connection with a commercial transaction of any kind; includes both domestic and foreign vessels.

* For a complete definition please refer to the Reference Manual.


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