Marine Aquaculture

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Marine Aquaculture

PORTFOLIO COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHERIES

01 JULY 2009

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Human Settlement

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Business Process

EnforcementPartners (SAPS, SARS, SANPARKS)

Monitoring Control & Surveillance

Marine ResourceManagement

Integrated Coastal Management & Development

Research

Industry Stakeholders

Stakeholders (public, NGOs)

Universities, Research Councils

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• Definition: “Culture of marine aquatic organisms including fish, molluscs, crustaceans and plants either in cages within the shallow waters of the ocean or structures on land fed by sea-water”

• It is the intimate association with the coastal region that creates the uniqueness in these ventures

• Aquaculture contributes 50% of fish production worldwide

• SA production relatively low

• However, the abalone sector-10% growth vs global 9%(10tons-1996, 1000 tons-2008)

BACKGROUND

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Restructuring of Gov. May 2009

• DEAT functions transferred to 3 new depts

– Tourism

– DWE

– DAFF

• Most function of MCM are controlled by the Marine Living Resources Act and the Integrated Coastal Management Act

• Marine aquaculture function has been transferred to DAFF

• Rest of the functions have been transferred to DWE

• President signed proclamation on 26 June 2009

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Proclamations

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Proclamation ……

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Aquaculture Production data – SA (Marine & Freshwater)

Marine Aquaculture Freshwater Aquaculture

Species Quantity (Tons)

Value (Million R)

Species Production(Tons)

Value(Million R)

Abalone 1000 283 Trout 1,300 33.4

Oysters 225 9.9 Tilapia 160 0.75 - 1.2

Mussels 800 7.2 African Catfish 50 0.99

Prawns 5 0.5 Common carp 30 0.6

Finfish 2.7 0.1 Mullet 15 0.3

Largemouth Bass 9 0.18

Marron crayfish 8 5.5 – 7.4

Koi carp 77 7.0

Aquarium species 30 19.7

Total 2032.7 300.9 Total 1278 69.3

% Africa production 21 % < 0.4%

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Durban

Port ElizabethCape Town

SOUTH AFRICA

Kleinzee

Alexander Bay

Saldanha

Bay

AQUACULTUE OPERATONS DISTRIBUTION

2008: APPROX 60 AQUACULTURE RIGHT HOLDERS

AbaloneOysterMusselPrawn

Knysna

Danger Point

Port Nolloth

East London

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Abalone Farms - Hermanus

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Sea-based cage farm in PE

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Oyster Farm - Saldanha

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A high energy coastline with limited sheltered bays Most protected bays are utilised as commercial harbours No technology to construct cages that can withstand the strong currents and high wave

action Costs of farming on land much higher than at sea – electricity, infrastructure and

technology

High value (non-availability) attached to coastal real estate Land adjacent to the sea is in demand hence high price to acquire it

Limited access to finance and developmental capital Banks are reluctant to fund a relatively new industry with unknown returns on

investment and risks

Lack of infrastructure Hatcheries, R&D facilities, roads, harbours, telecommunication, electricity etc

Eg Qholora, Sokhulu

Limited human resource capacity, skills and expertise Most skilled personnel are employed by the private sector particularly the big companies

eg no qualified vet that specialise in fish diseases, 2 take interest

Lack of aquaculture policy The was no policy in place to address the constants prior to 2007 Marine aquaculture development policy was gazetted in September 2007

CONSTRAINTS

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Countries

• Australia

• Chile

• China

• Ireland

• Norway

• Vietnam

ANALYSIS OF INTERNATIONAL AQUACULTURE MODELS

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Analysis of practice in successful countries shows the following:

● Policy and legislation is in place ● Coordinated government support ● Comprehensive research and development programmes ● Training and capacity building initiatives

ANALYSIS INTERNATIONAL OF AQUACULTURE MODELS

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Observations:

● Emphasis on high value products for export – Chile & Norway

● Emphasis on low value products for local consumption – Vietnam

● Emphasis on diversity of products for local and export – China

● Job creation high in Chile, Vietnam and China

● Highly mechanized and less jobs – Norway, Ireland & Australia

● Attended aquaculture committee meeting of COFI – 2008 ● About 120 practitioners & officials

● Requested to consider hosting meeting in 2012

ANALYSIS INTERNATIONAL OF AQUACULTURE MODELS

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Interventions to stimulate growth include:

● Policy approved by MinMec in September 2007● Strategy finalised in November 2008● Marine Aquaculture Advisory Forum Established - 2008

DST, DTI, DLA, DOA, DWAF, Provinces, NHTL, NPA & SALGA.

● Implementation plan finalised in January 2009

CURRENT INTERVENTIONS IN SA

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4 Steering Committees established 2009

• Research and Development – DST• Animal Health and Welfare – Agric vet Div• Business Support and Trade – DTI• Product quality and safety - DoH & SABS

Research institutions and industry represented

CURRENT INTERVENTIONS IN SA…

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Focus areas:• Reproduction• Nutrition & feeds• Production systems• Breeding & genetics• Aquaculture & environment• Marketing• Quality and safety• Feasibility studies

See budget and staffing needs slides 30,31 & 32

Research and Development

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Focus areas:• Policy, legislation & enforcement• Services & facilities• Human resources & capacity development• Science based tools to support aquatic animal health


Animal Health and Welfare

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Priority interventions• National Industrial Strategy Framework• Access to development finance eg IDC, Land Bank• Access to sites – sea & land based• Access to incentives• Extension services


Business Support and Trade

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Focus areas• Inspection & sampling• Microbiology & biotoxin labs (only, & vulnerable)

– Toxins < limit human safety & therefore trade• Monitoring biotoxin-producing phytoplankton


Product Quality and Safety

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• Potential aquaculture development zones identified• These will be for exclusive aquaculture use

Areas• KZN – 1 site • EC – 2 sites• WC – 2 sites• NC – 1 site


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Criteria for zone identification include:• Environmental considerations• Operational considerations and infrastructure • Technology considerations• Socio-economic considerations• Spatial distribution and public land

Next steps• Monitor environmental parameters (physical, chemical & biological) - 1

to 2 years• Undertake Strategic Environmental Assessments• Declare zones – NEMA 24c & ICM Act• Lay out of infrastructure


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Capacity development• Students in postgraduate training Norway X3 – Aquatic medicine & Biology SA X2 – Biology Norway & SA X4 – 2009 if accepted Strategic partnership projects

EC – East London KZN - Umgababa


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Staff complement • Management (21/708)

* Aquaculturists, biologists, legal practitioners, environmentalist, economist & contract managers

• Research (17)* Researchers and technicians


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PERSAL : R5,297,708 (Management Staff) R4,685,702 (Research Staff) R9,983,410

OPERATIONS & INFRASTRUCTURE:

Research facility maintenance R 600,000Research funding (operational costs) R 3,000,000Management (operational costs) R 6,300,000

R 39,900,000

CURRENT BUDGET

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FUTURE BUDGET CONSIDERATIONS 2010 - 2013

2010 - 2011

Function/ActivityBudget

Sector management and development including enforcement R10 000 000

Research operations and projects R20 000 000

CAPEX (labs, equipment, infrastructure R10 000 000

Total R40 000 0002011 – 2012

Function/ActivityBudget


Research operations and project R22 000 000


Total R44 000 000

2012 - 2013

Function/Activity Budget


Research operations and projects R25 000 000


Total R50 000 000

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FUTURE BUDGET CONSIDERATIONS 2010 - 2013

Additional budget requested for personnel

1 x Research Manager (DD) – SL 12 = R407 7456 x Aquaculture Control Officers (SL 8) = 6 X R 209 150 1 x Laboratory analyst (SL 9) = R 243 5151 x Marine Research Technician II (SL 10) = R 295 9782 x Marine Research Technician I (SL 8) = R 209 150

Total = R2 620 438

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Thank You

Marine Aquaculture

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