Marine and coastal thematicMarine and coastal thematicassessment for the EEA’s 2010 State of the assessment for the EEA’s 2010 State of the

Environment reportEnvironment report

Trine Christiansen (EEA)

What is SOER 2010?

SOER 2010- Synthesis -SOER 2010

- Synthesis -Thematic assessmentsUnderstanding climate change

Air pollution

Biodiversity

Water resources: quantity & flows

Soil

Freshwater quality

Consumption and environment

Material resources and waste

Land use

Mitigating climate change

Adapting to climate change

Marine and coastal environment Assessment of global megatrends

Political megatrends

Country assessments

Urban environment

Environmental megatrends

Each EEA member country (32) and EEA cooperating country (6) assessed all six environmental themes above.

Climate change mitigation

Nature protection and biodiversity

National and regional stories

Freshwater

Air pollution

Land use

Country profiles

Common environmental themes

Waste

Economic megatrends

Technological megatrends

Social megatrends

Soil

Land use

Marine and coastal environment

Soil

Land use

EEA member countries and seas covered

Thematic assessment

• State of marine ecosystems and habitats• Climate change impacts• State and impacts of chemical pollution• Fisheries• Environmental impacts from shipping and

other maritime sectors• Maritime Policy and the Marine Strategy

Framework Directive

Nature Conservation: The Habitats and Birds Directives

Conservation status of habitats in Marine ecosystems

10%

30%

20%

40%

Favourable Unfav-Inad Unfav-Bad Unknow n

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Reptiles (12)

Mammals (64)

Invertebrates (6)

Fish (39)

FV

Unknown

U1

U2

Nutrient Enrichment: winter nitrogen

LevelsTrends 1985-2008

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Denmark (20)

Estonia (5)

Finland (93)

Germany (14)

Latvia (8)

Lithuania (13)

Poland (16)

Sweden (32)

Open sea (67)

Belgium (16)

Denmark (13)

France (1)

Germany (24)

Netherlands (20)

Norway (8)

Sweden (10)

Open sea (81)

United Kingdom (1)

Ireland (85)

Open sea (35)

Croatia (13)

Greece (6)

Italy (2)

Open sea (0)

M

edit

erra

nea

n

N

E A

tlan

tic

No

rth

Sea

Bal

tic

Sea

% of stations

Decrease No trend Increase

Nutrient Cocentrations: winter phosphate

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Denmark (20)Estonia (5)

Finland (93)Germany (15)

Latvia (8)Lithuania (13)

Poland (14)Sweden (35)

Open sea (67)

Belgium (21)Denmark (13)

France (1)Germany (24)

Netherlands (20)Norway (8)

Sweden (10)Open sea (81)

France (3)Ireland (85)

United Kingdom (1)Open sea (35)

Croatia (13)Greece (6)

Italy (2)Open sea (0)

M

edit

erra

nea

n

N

E A

tlan

tic

N

ort

h S

ea

B

alti

c S

ea

% of stationsDecrease No trend Increase

Levels Trends 1985-2008

Chl-aconcentrations and trends in ocean color

Levels Trends

State and trend of 7 hazardous chemicals

EU-27 catch

Status of fish stocks

Supply gap

Aquaculture production

0

2000 00

4000 00

6000 00

8000 00

1 00000 0

1 20000 0

1 40000 0

1 60000 0

1 80000 0

2 00000 0

1990 1 991 19 92 1993 1994 1 995 199 6 1997 1998 19 99 200 0 2001 2 002 20 03 2004 2005 2 006 200 7 2008

Production -tonnes

Year

EU15 & EFTA

EU7, EU2 & othe rs

Shipping

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

140000

160000

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

To

nn

es

of

oil

sp

lit (

for

ac

cid

en

ts >

7 t

on

ne

s)

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

Nu

mb

er

of

ac

cid

en

ts (

> 7

to

nn

es

oil

sp

ilt)

Oil spilt

Number of accidents

Accidental oilspills Illegal operational oil discharges

Source: German Federal Pollution Control Authority

Development of marine renewable energy

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Year

Ener

gy o

utpu

t (M

W)

Cumulative Insta l lations

Year

Cummulative InstallationsEn

erg

y o

utp

ut

(MW

)

1991 2009

2000

Sea level rise

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

1

Artificial Areas ArableLand

Pastures Forested Land

Semi-natural OpenSpaces

Wetlands Water bodies

Land cover change from 2000-06

Sea surface temperature is increasing

• All European Seas are getting warmer at the surface!

• Temperatures are increasing more rapidly in Europe’s seas than globally.

• Plankton are shifting their distributions northward due to warmer temperatures

• Warm water species are increasingly found in Northerly waters

Marine Protected Areas Marine Protected Areas (e.g. Natura2000)(e.g. Natura2000)

Marine Strategy Framework Directive for the Protection and Conservation of the

Marine Environment

EU Integrated Maritime Policy, incl. CFP

Water Framework Directive

Coastal area

New EU policy context: Ecosystem based management

Cyclical approach of Marine Strategy Framework Directive

6 year cycle

To be repeated every 6 years

Criteria for GES

• Published September 1, 2010 • 50+ new indicators for the marine

environment• No inter regional agreement on how to

report• Major activity to establish reporting

process for data from initial assessments

EuropeanMarine Observation Data

NETworkWise-Marine

Country data

Integrated Maritime Policy – Marine knowledge 2020 - has identified Marine Observations as a need

MSFD

Research data

Policy relevant data

Reference layers (maps)

Marine Core Service data

The role of GMES – the Marine Core Service and in-situ data

• Marine core service provides near real time data on salinity, temperature and ocean currents for all EU seas

• Based on a combination of models, satellite and in-situ observations

DATA

ASSESSMENTS

Decision-makers / The public / NGO’s / ResearchersENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION SERVICES for

INDICATORS

Distributing information & knowledge

25

Wise-Marine Concept/process currently being Wise-Marine Concept/process currently being discusseddiscussed

Reference layers

Reference layers

Indicator 2,3,4,…

Indicator 2,3,4,…

Indicator 1

Indicator 1

Marine Indicator Products

Methodologies (as agreed in indicator working group)

Datafeeds or reference sources (examples)

EIONETEMODNET

GMES

EIONETEMODNET

GMES

Marine Conventions

Marine Conventions

National DC’sNational DC’s Common Reference sources

Common Reference sources

Methods and processes by indicator/groups of indicators/themes

Methods and processes by indicator/groups of indicators/themes

Data Reporting layerData Reporting layerPrepared data

GIS, indicator visualisation, and interpretation for wider EU assessments

EU Compliance Check

•Initial assessment•Determination of GES•Establishments of comprehensive targets•Implementation of monitoring programme

Over the past 25 years the rate of increase in sea surface temperature in all European seas has been about 10 times faster than the average rate of increase during the past century. In five European seas the warming occurs even more rapidly. In the North and Baltic Seas temperature rose five to six times faster than the global average over the past 25 years, and three times faster in the Black and Mediterranean Seas.

Assessment:

Analysis:

data input: Sea Surface temperature