March 8, 20051 Propulsion 3 QDR Michael Caldwell Jeff Haddin Asif Hossain James Kobyra John McKinnis...
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March 8, 2005 1 Propulsion 3 QDR Michael Michael Caldwell Caldwell Jeff Haddin Jeff Haddin Asif Hossain Asif Hossain James Kobyra James Kobyra John McKinnis John McKinnis Kathleen Mondino Kathleen Mondino Andrew Rodenbeck Andrew Rodenbeck Jason Tang Jason Tang Joe Taylor Joe Taylor Tyler Wilhelm Tyler Wilhelm AAE 451: Team AAE 451: Team 2 2
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Transcript of March 8, 20051 Propulsion 3 QDR Michael Caldwell Jeff Haddin Asif Hossain James Kobyra John McKinnis...
March 8, 2005 1
Propulsion 3 QDR
Michael CaldwellMichael CaldwellJeff HaddinJeff Haddin
Asif HossainAsif HossainJames KobyraJames KobyraJohn McKinnisJohn McKinnis
Kathleen MondinoKathleen MondinoAndrew RodenbeckAndrew RodenbeckJason TangJason TangJoe TaylorJoe TaylorTyler WilhelmTyler Wilhelm
AAE 451: Team 2AAE 451: Team 2
March 8, 2005 2[ Overview | 3-View | Thrust | Endurance | Trade Study | Motor & Battery | Propeller 1 2 3 4 5 | Summary ]
Overview
Aircraft 3-View Thrust, Power, and Endurance Endurance Revisited Component Trade Study Motor & Battery Selection Propeller Selection
March 8, 2005 3[ Overview | 3-View | Thrust | Endurance | Trade Study | Motor & Battery | Propeller 1 2 3 4 5 | Summary ]
Aircraft 3-View
Mission Requirements
15 min. endurance
Take-off distance ≤ 60 ft.
Vstall ≤ 15 ft/s
Vloiter ≤ 25 ft/s
35 ft. turn radius
March 8, 2005 4[ Overview | 3-View | Thrust | Endurance | Trade Study | Motor & Battery | Propeller 1 2 3 4 5 | Summary ]
Thrust, Power, and Endurance
Δt
EP
E
)req(input)req(input
tNN
Preqinput
propmotor
reqoutput
..
..)(
mAhΔtVolts
WattsmAh
mAhΔtVolts
WattsmAh
hoursbrushless
hoursbrushed
300
400
Phase Time (s) Energy (ft-lb) Power (hp) Power (W) mAhTake-off 5 27 0.01 7.29 1.37Climb 5 36 0.01 9.72 1.82
Level Flight 445 2791 0.01 8.50 142.05Turn 445 3119 0.01 9.50 158.73Total 900 5973 N/A N/A 303.97
Brushless Nmotor=85%, Nprop=74%
Phase Time (s) Energy (ft-lb) Power (hp) Power (W) mAhTake-off 5 37 0.01 10.05 1.89Climb 5 49 0.02 13.41 2.52
Level Flight 445 3850 0.02 11.73 195.94Turn 445 4302 0.02 13.11 218.95Total 900 8239 N/A N/A 419.30
Brushed Nmotor=60%, Nprop=76%
Phase Speed Friction Coefficient Thrust Required (oz)Take Off N/A 0.3 2.4Take Off N/A 0.5 3
Climb 18 N/A 4Loiter 20 N/A 3Turn 20 N/A 3.2
March 8, 2005 5[ Overview | 3-View | Thrust | Endurance | Trade Study | Motor & Battery | Propeller 1 2 3 4 5 | Summary ]
Endurance Revisited
Airspeed
Amps
“Sedate” Mission 15min
Airspeed
Amps
“Trainer” Mission 23min
• Historical Data says 300mAh IMPOSSIBLE for 15min Mission
• Modeling experts estimate between 1020 & 1320 mAh required
MotoCalc ~ 1200 mAh Battery
March 8, 2005 6[ Overview | 3-View | Thrust | Endurance | Trade Study | Motor & Battery | Propeller 1 2 3 4 5 | Summary ]
Component Trade Study
• Graupner Speed 500 too powerful, unreliable data
•Each “Tier” represents a battery / motor combination
• more selection with Li & Brushless
• Connectors for brushed motors and Li batteries are not compatible. It would not be wise to have a Li & brushed combination.
• Our Aircraft needs to weigh less than 32 oz
Battery & Motor Weight vs Total Aircraft Weight
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Total Aircraft Weight (oz)
Est
imat
ed C
om
po
nen
t W
eig
ht
(lb
)
Brushless & Li Brushed & Ni Brushed & Li
www.hobby-lobby.comwww.balsapr.com
Our Aircraft
March 8, 2005 7[ Overview | 3-View | Thrust | Endurance | Trade Study | Motor & Battery | Propeller 1 2 3 4 5 | Summary ]
Motor & Battery Selection
BrushlessBrushed
Component Product Name Weight (oz) PriceMotor AXI 2212/20 2 58.20$
Speeed Controller Jeti 18amp 0.32 75.80$ Prop Graupner 2 Blade 0.l 4.50$
Battery Kokam 1200mAh 1.8 29.90$ Total 4.12 168.40$
Brushless Motor SelectionComponent Product Name Weight (oz) Price
Motor Graupner Speed 500 5.71 16.90$ Speeed Controller Jeti 30amp 0.32 44.90$
Prop Graupner 2 Blade 0.l 4.50$ Heat Sink GWS 0.21 1.50$ Battery Thunder Power 2100mAh 3 54.90$ Total 9.24 122.70$
Brushed Motor Selection
X
March 8, 2005 8[ Overview | 3-View | Thrust | Endurance | Trade Study | Motor & Battery | Propeller 1 2 3 4 5 | Summary ]
Prandtl & Goldstein
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10
0.05
0.1
0.15Radial Thrust Distribution
dC
Td
x
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08Radial Power Distribution
nondimensional radial location
dC
Pd
x
PrandtlGoldstein
March 8, 2005 9[ Overview | 3-View | Thrust | Endurance | Trade Study | Motor & Battery | Propeller 1 2 3 4 5 | Summary ]
Power and Advance Ratio
0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.60
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90Effect of Advance Ratio on Power
Advance Ratio
Po
we
r [W
]
2 Blade3 Blade
March 8, 2005 10[ Overview | 3-View | Thrust | Endurance | Trade Study | Motor & Battery | Propeller 1 2 3 4 5 | Summary ]
Thrust Coefficient and Advance Ratio
0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.60
5
10
15
20
25Effect of Advance Ratio on Thrust Coefficient
Advance Ratio
Th
rust
[oz]
2 blades3 blades
March 8, 2005 11[ Overview | 3-View | Thrust | Endurance | Trade Study | Motor & Battery | Propeller 1 2 3 4 5 | Summary ]
Propeller Efficiency and Advance Ratio
0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9Effect of Advance Ratio on Propeller Efficiency
Advance Ratio
Pro
pe
ller
Effi
cie
ncy
2 Blade3 Blade
March 8, 2005 12[ Overview | 3-View | Thrust | Endurance | Trade Study | Motor & Battery | Propeller 1 2 3 4 5 | Summary ]
Propeller Selection
2 Blades 8 in Diameter 5 in Pitch
Phase Flight Speed
[ft/s] Thrust [oz]
% Throttle *
Propeller Efficiency
Power [W] **
Take-off 18 3.15 50% 63% 10 Climb 18 4.00 55% 59% 14 Level Flight 22 2.93 51% 70% 10 Turn 23 3.24 54% 70% 12
Aerobatic 25 8.00 77% 59% 38 3 Blades 8 in Diameter 6 in Pitch Take-off 18 3.15 40% 65% 10
Climb 18 4.00 44% 61% 13 Level Flight 22 2.93 41% 72% 10 Turn 23 3.24 43% 69% 12
Aerobatic 25 16.00 83% 49% 92 * max motor RPM is 9350, direct drive ** power required from the battery (assumes75% motor efficiency)
March 8, 2005 13[ Overview | 3-View | Thrust | Endurance | Trade Study | Motor & Battery | Propeller 1 2 3 4 5 | Summary ]
Summary
Selection Completed Questions?
March 8, 2005 14[ Overview | 3-View | Thrust | Endurance | Trade Study | Motor & Battery | Propeller 1 2 3 4 5 | Summary ]
Endurance Revisited (Brushed)
“Sedate” Mission 14min “Trainer” Mission 20min
MotoCalc ~ 2100 mAh Battery
Amps
AirspeedAirspeed
Amps
