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March 30, 2014, The University of Tokyo: GIS and Global History

Development of Companies in the Far East from the late 19th Century to 1941:

A Study of Directories in Perspective of Global History by Using GIS

Toshiyuki Miyata Tokyo University of Foreign Studies

Introduction * Research Purposes

(1)To re-examine the development of the "Foreign" companies in the main ports of the Far East from

the late 19th century to 1941 in the perspective of Global history by using GIS (Geographic

Information System).

(2) To re-examine the development of the "Foreign" companies in the main ports of the Far East from

the late 19th century to 1941 in the perspective of "Intra-Asian Trade" network by using

GIS(Geographic Information System).

(3) To re-examine the development of Japanese companies in the main ports of the Far East from the

late 19th century to 1941 in the perspective of Global history and "Intra-Asian Trade" network by

using GIS（Geographic Information System）

* Main documents and materials for this research

(1)The Directory & Chronicle of China, Japan, Straits Settlements, Philippines, Korea, Indo-China,

Netherlands Indies, & c. ,from 1865 to 1941 , The Hong Kong Daily Press. [ Directory & Chronicle]

(2)Asia Directory: A complete and up-to-date Guide to the Exporters, Importers, Merchants, Agents,

Shipping Companies, Banks, Hotels Commercial and Governmental Organization, etc. in French

Indo-China, Thailand, Hong Kong and Philippines, 1941-42 edition, The Asian Directory Publishing

Company,1942.

(3)Other directories and documents related with this research in the main ports of the Far East

<1> Coverage and Contents of Directory & Chronicle and Research Questions (Sample) The Directory & Chronicle of China, Japan, Straits Settlements, Philippines, Korea,

Indo-China, Netherlands Indies, & c. ,for the Year 1941 , The Hong Kong Daily Press,1941.

(1-a) The Main Ports of The Far East (See Table. 1 and Map. 1)

(1-b) Coverage of Companies and Organizations in Directory & Chronicle

(Source)Directory & Chronicle,1941

*List of Associations, Clubs, Banks, Legations and Consulates, Churches, Missions, Merchants,

Governmental Organizations & List of Members

*Overview of Country, Area and Port City

*Advertisements

The first conference: GIS-based Global History from Asian Perspectives (29-31 March 2014)

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(1-c) List of Foreign Residents

(Sample) The Directory & Chronicle of China, Japan, Straits Settlements, Philippines, Korea,

Indo-China, Netherlands Indies, & c. ,for the Year 1902 , The Hong Kong Daily Press,1902.

[Abbreviation: Directory & Chronicle,1902]

About 15,000 residents in the List of Foreign Residents, Directory & Chronicle,1902

: Name, Occupation, Company's or Organization's name, Port (See Table. 2)

(1-d) Research Questions and Data Entry

* How did "Foreign" companies develop their business bases in the Far East from the late 19th

Century to 1941?

* How did "Foreign" companies and organizations change their members in the Far East from the late

19th Century to 1941?

*Data Entry (at least) : 1890, 1920, 1941

<2> Coverage and Content of Asian Directory and Research Questions (2-a) Main Areas guided in Asian Directory

French Indo-China(Haiphong, Hanoi, Saigon), Thailand(Bangkok),

Hong Kong, Philippines(Manila,Bagio)

(2-b) Coverage of Companies and Organizations in Asian Directory

*List of Legations, Consulates, Chambers of Commerce, Associations, Agents-Shipping, Banks, Hotels,

Exporters(According to Commodities), Importers (According to Commodities), Japanese Firms

(Exporters to Japan), Japanese Firms (Importers from Japan), Japanese Stores (See Table.3)

* Advertisements

(2-c) Research Questions and Data Entry

* How did Japanese firms develop their business bases in Four Areas such as French

Indo-China(Haiphong, Hanoi, Saigon), Thailand(Bangkok), Hong Kong, Philippines(Manila,Bagio)

* How did "Foreign" companies and organizations change their members in the Far East from the late

19th Century to 1941?

*Data Entry (at least) : 1941/1942

Concluding Remarks *Time series analysis by putting the data of companies and members in the main ports of the Far

East from the late 19th century to 1941 on the historical maps in perspective of Global history by

using GIS

<Reference>

Toshiyuki Miyata, "European Merchants in Siam(from 1864 to 1910): An Analysis of Directory &

Chronicle published in Hong Kong," Yoshifumi Tamada(ed.)Chakri Reforms and Nation Building in

Thailand, Kyoto University, Global Area Studies Series No.11,1996, pp.121-177.

The first conference: GIS-based Global History from Asian Perspectives (29-31 March 2014)

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(Table.1) List of the Main Ports in the Far East mentioned in Directory & Chronicle, 1941

Number Port Country/Area Sup-Area Number Port Country/Area1 Annam Annam 70 Chemulpo Chosen(Korea)2 Hue Annam 71 Chinnampo Chosen(Korea)3 Tourane Annam 72 Fusan Chosen(Korea)4 Brunei Borneo 73 Gensan(Wonsan) Chosen(Korea)5 Jesselton Borneo 74 Heijo Chosen(Korea)6 Kudat Borneo 75 Kunsan Chosen(Korea)7 Labuan Borneo 76 Masampo Chosen(Korea)8 Sandakan Borneo 77 Mokpo Chosen(Korea)9 Sarawak Borneo 78 Seishin Chosen(Korea)10 Shanghai China Central Ports 79 Seoul Chosen(Korea)11 Soochow China Central Ports 80 Unsan Gold Mines Chosen(Korea)12 Autung China Northern Ports 81 Cambodge Cochin China13 Changchuu China Northern Ports 82 Cholon Cochin China14 Chefoo China Northern Ports 83 Saigon Cochin China15 Chinwangtao China Northern Ports 84 Nicolaevsk Siberia16 Dairen China Northern Ports 85 Vladivostock Siberia17 Harbin China Northern Ports 86 Daitotei(Twatutia) Formosa18 Hsinho China Northern Ports 87 Keolung Formosa19 Huchun China Northern Ports 88 Taiboku(Taipeh) Formosa20 Krin China Northern Ports 89 Tainan,Takao & Anping Formosa21 Lungchingtsun China Northern Ports 90 Tamsui Formosa22 Lungkow China Northern Ports 91 Haiphong Indo-China23 Mukden China Northern Ports 92 Hanoi Indo-China24 Newchwan China Northern Ports 93 Tonkin Indo-China25 Peitaiho China Northern Ports 94 Tonkin, Proinvces du Indo-China26 Peiping China Northern Ports 95 Hakodate Japan27 Port Authur China Northern Ports 96 Kobe Japan28 Port Edward China Northern Ports 97 Kyoto Japan29 Taku China Northern Ports 98 Kyushu Japan30 Tientsin China Northern Ports 99 Moji Japan31 Tongku China Northern Ports 100 Nagasaki Japan32 Tsinan China Northern Ports 101 Nagoya Japan33 Tsingtao China Northern Ports 102 Osaka Japan34 Weihaiwei China Northern Ports 103 Otaru Japan35 Amoy China Southern Ports 104 Shizuoka Japan36 Canton China Southern Ports 105 Shimonoseki Japan37 Foochow China Southern Ports 106 Tokyo Japan38 Hangchow China Southern Ports 107 Yokohama Japan39 Hoibow China Southern Ports 108 Macao Macao40 Hokow China Southern Ports 109 Johore Malay States41 Hongkong China Southern Ports 110 Kedah Malay States42 Kongmoon China Southern Ports 111 Kelantan Malay States43 Kuliang China Southern Ports 112 Negri Sembilan Malay States44 Kweilin China Southern Ports 113 Pahang Malay States45 Kouang-Techeou-wan China Southern Ports 114 Perak Malay States46 Kowloon Frontier China Southern Ports 115 Perlis Malay States47 Lappa China Southern Ports 116 Selangor Malay States48 Lngehow China Southern Ports 117 Trengganu Malay States49 Mengtsz China Southern Ports 118 Batavia Netherlands Indies50 Nanning China Southern Ports 119 Macassar Netherlands Indies51 Ningpo China Southern Ports 120 Padang Netherlands Indies52 Pakhoi China Southern Ports 121 Semarang Netherlands Indies53 Samshui China Southern Ports 122 Sourabaya Netherlands Indies54 Santuao China Southern Ports 123 East Coast of Sumatra Netherlands Indies55 Swatow China Southern Ports 124 Baguio The Philippines56 Tengyueh China Southern Ports 125 Cebu The Philippines57 Wenchow China Southern Ports 126 Iloilo The Philippines58 Wuchow China Southern Ports 127 Manila The Philippines59 Yunnanfu China Southern Ports 128 Zamboanaga The Philippines60 Changsha China Yangtsze Ports 129 Malacca Straits Settlements61 Chinkiang China Yangtsze Ports 130 Penang Straits Settlements62 Chungking China Yangtsze Ports 131 Singapore Straits Settlements63 Hankow China Yangtsze Ports 132 Bangkok Thailand64 Ichang China Yangtsze Ports65 Kiukiang China Yangtsze Ports66 Nanking China Yangtsze Ports67 Shasi China Yangtsze Ports68 Wuhu China Yangtsze Ports69 Yochow China Yangtsze Ports

(Source) Directory & Chronicle, 1941

The first conference: GIS-based Global History from Asian Perspectives (29-31 March 2014)

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(Map. 1) Map of The Far East

(Table.2) First Page of List of Foreign Residents in the Far East,1902

(Source) Directory & Chronicle, 1902

The first conference: GIS-based Global History from Asian Perspectives (29-31 March 2014)

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(Table.3) Japanese Organizations and Firms Listed in Bangkok, Asian Directory, 1941/42

The first conference: GIS-based Global History from Asian Perspectives (29-31 March 2014)