mantenimiento preventivo (2).pdf

7/23/2019 mantenimiento preventivo (2).pdf

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bcndtns.

GJQNZUHACÑD

Hl ahfjchr

lgs lujrcahdtns,

cdbcqun

nd

lhs

ahdtcbhbns

nd

lctrgs, ernaundachs

nd

ahbh udh

bn lhs

phrtns.

a) Znvcsn

nl

prg`rhfh

ylg

mh`h lhs

agrrnaacgdns sc

ns dnanshrcg.

[ZNAH^ACÑD

G

BNQ[^ÃQ

BN NENAR^HZ LH

L^JZCAHACÑD

G

AHFJCG

BN

L^JZCAHDRN, [ZNUND@H

C

ZZCRHACGDNQ BN LH

[C

NL.

Ec`.1

[ZNUND@H

CZZCRHACGDNQ

BN LH [CNL

^sn

ùdcahfndtn

H@^H

S

¡nnÑD

ht;

(r

G

DG

BNZZHFN

L^JZCAHDRNQ QGJZN

NL

[CQG.

¡A^CBN

D^NQRZG FNBCGHFJCNDRN .

Ec`.

2

Ec`.2

Ec`.

1

FN @GclQCBNZG ND

^V{H

N]aNLNDRN

pgslaÃcl

[HZH

HQN@^ZHZ

G^N

NL HANCRN

BNZZHFHBG

NltC NL [CQG NQ

Q^Q@N[RCJLN BN

@ZNHZ

AGDBC@CGDNQ BNECDCRCUHFNDRN

.

--6[NLC@ZGQHQ

C

FNAHDraG

BN

FHDRNDCFCNDRG

8;

ZNE. M.G.G1

FF

:8:



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

FHDRNDCFCNDRG

FNAHDCAG

Ns

udh hatcvcbhb tãadcah rnlhacgdhbh agd lh agdsnrvhacñd

y

jund eudacgdhfcndtg

bn

tgbg

nqucpg, fnahdcsfg

g

fhqucdhrch (Ec`. 8-H,

8-J),

phrh qun trhjhin agd necacndach

y

eudacgdn

nl

fhygrtcnfpg

pgscjln

scd

cdtnrrupacgdns

dc

cdagdvndcndtns.

^d

fhdtndcfcndtg hprgpchbg hsn`urh

ud

tcnfpg fèxcfg

bn gpnrhacgdns

bnl nqucpg

g

fèqucdh,

h ud agstg

fædcfg

y

nd agdbcacgdns

ñptcfhs bn sn`urcbhb

phrh

nl

pnrsgdhl

bn

gpnrhacgdns

y

fh

dtndcfcndtg.

Nd lh hatuhlcbhb fuamhs nfprnshs u

gr`hdczhacgdns

dg

tgfhd

nd

snrcg

nl

fhdtndcfcndtg

agfg

hatcvcbhb cfpgrthdtn

g,

bn

lg

agdtrhr¡g, mg lh

mhd gr`hdczhbg.

[gr nsg

qun

lhs

haa¡gdns

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg

sn

aufplnd bn nfnr`ndach.

Ec`. C

-H

Ec`.

8-J

88



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

QCR^HACGDNQ

G [ZGJLNFHQ

ND LHQ

NF[ZNQHQ

H.-

Lh fhygræh

bn dunstrhs

nfprnshs

mh

cdcachbg

sus

hatcvcbhbns

agd

pgag

pnrsgdhl

y

fhqucdhrch,

lg

fcsfg

qun,

agd

nltrhdsaursg bnltcnfpg,

sn

mhd

cdarnfndthbg.

Nstg mh

pnrfctcbg9

-

Xun

lh

snaacñd

g

bnphrthfndtg

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg

hphrnzahnd

lhs nfprnshs

hlsur`cr

lgs

prcfnrgs

prgjlnfhs

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg.

-

Xun,

nd lh

fhygræh

bn

nllhs,

lh snaacñd

g

bnphrthfndtg

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg

mhyh

dhacbg

agd

nl

pnrsgdhl

bn lh

prgpch

nfprnsh. Nl

auhl dg

nstè ahphacthbg

phrh

udh

jundh haacñd

bnl

fhdtndcfcndtg.

-

Xun

dg

sn

prg`rhfnd

cgs

fhdtndcfcndtgs

y

dg sn

tnd`h

cbnh bnl fhdtndcfcndtg

prnvndtcvg.

(Ec`.

8)

-

Xun

snh

ahush

bn

qun

lgs

trhjhigs dg

sn

aufplhd nd

lgs

tcnfpgs

prnvcstgs.

-

Xun

lhs

fèqucdhs, nqucpgs

y

mnrrhfcndths

dg sn

mhyhd nsthdbhrczhbg, mhjcndbg

hsæ

fès

bcecaulthb

phrh

nl

fhdtndcfcndtg.

Nif.

Qc mhy udh

udcñd rgsahbh

bn udh fèqucdh

sn rnagrrn

nd mclg

agd

udh

tnrrhih

bn

gtrg

phsg,

ns

pgrsn`urg

qun

lh

mnrrhfcndth

phrh

hiusthrlg

vh

h ahfjchr.

-

Xun,

hatuhlfndtn,

nl agstg

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg

snh bceæacl

bn

prnacshr

pgr

dg

nxcstcr

agdtrglns.

-

Xun

nd fuamhs

nfprnshs

nxcstnd ud bcvgracg

ndtrn

nl

bnphrthfndtg

bn

prgbuaacñd

y

'

nl

bnphrthfndtg

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg

lh

auhl

dg

ns

jndnecacgsg

phrh

lg`rhr

ud jund

prgbuatg

bn ahlcbhb.

Ec`.

8

8:

rÈnZraH

B[RG.

[ZGB^AACÑD

B[RG.

FHDRNDCFCNDRG

HDRNQ

BN

^QHZ NL

NX^C[G

ZNUCQN

QC

MHS C¡r

,/

QCR^HaCÑD

BNENaR^gsH

BNQ@HQRHBH

-eagDNxrgDNs

ZgrHQ

G Q^NLRHQ

,/

agDNxrgD

H

RRNZZH




J.-

Lhs

nfprnshs

qun

tcndnd

snaacñd g bnphrthfndtg bn fhdtndcfcndtg,

nd su fhygræh,

nenatùhd

rnphrhacgdns

g

rnpgscacgdns

nd

sctuhacgdns bn nfnr`ndach,

scd nl tcnfpg

dnanshrcg

phrh

nlhjgrhr

y

ninauthr

prg`rhfhs prnvndtcvgs.

^d bnphrthfndtg bn

fhdtndcfcndtg

iustcecah

auhdbg hsn`urh lh bcspgdcjclcbhb bn lhs

fèqucdhs

y

nl nbcecacg, bn

fgbg

qun

punbhd

llnvhr

h ahjg su eudacñd agd

ñptcfg

rndbcfcndtg

bn

lh

cdvnrscñd

qun

rnprnsndthd.

Nl

pnrsgdhl

bn

prgbuaacñd

bnpndbn

bnl bnphrthfndtg bn fhdtndcfcndtg

y,

ahbh

vnz

fès, bnl fgbnrdg nqucpg

cdbustrchl.

Nlagstg tgthlbn ehjrcahacñd

y

nl fhdtndcfcndtg nd

udh snaacñd

cfpgrthdtn bn

lh

nfprnsh.

Bnjnfgs rnagrbhr

qun

nsth aggpnrhacñd

ns nd

hfjgs

sndtcbgs

y

qun

lh eudacñd

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg dnanscth,

h

fndubg,

lh

hyubh bn gtrhs eudacgdns

Nif.9 Nlgpnrhbgrbnjn

cdegrfhrhl¡dnaèdcag lh ehllh nxhath

bn

lh

fèqucdh

(sn

hmgrrh

tcnfpg).

(Ec`.

:) .

Ec`.:

81



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

AHF[GQ BN

HAACÑD

Lhs

hatcvcbhbns

bnlbnphrthfndtg

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg

vhræhd

nd

ahbh

cdbustrch

y

bnpndbnd

bnl

thfhøg

y

tcpg bn

ãsth,

lh

pglætcah

bn

lh

nfprnsh, bnl tcpg bn

prgbuaacñd

y

bnl

nfplhzhfcndtg.

Lhs eudacgdns

g haacgdns

punbnd

bcvcbcrsã

nd

bgs

a/hsns?

8.- Eudacgdnsprcfhrchs

Lhs

cdalucbhs

nd lh

iustcecahacñd

bnl bnphrthfndtg bn fhdtndcfcndtg9

-

Fhdtndcfcndtg

y

fgbcecahacgdns

bnl

nqucpg hatuhl

y

bnl

nbcecacg.

-

ldsthlhacgdns

bn dunvg

nqucpg.

(Ec`.

8)

-

Qufcdcstrg

bn

ndnr`æh,

ahlgr,

hcrn

y

h`uh.

-

Agdtrgl bnl

agstg

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg.

:.-' Eudacgdnssnaudbhrchs

Lhs

qun

sn bnjnd h lh

nxpnrcndach,

prnanbndtns,

gpgrtudcbhb

g auhdbg dg

mhy gtrh

snaacñd

bn

lh

nfprnsh,

h lhqunpunbhhsc`dhrsnnsthsrnspgdshjclcbhbns9

-

[rnsnrvhacñd

bnl

lgahl, cdaluyndbg

Ch

prgtnaacñd

agdtrh cdandbcgs.

(Ec`

.:)

-

Qnrvcacg

bn

punrths.

-

Hlfhandns.

-

Uc`clhdach.

-

Nvhauhacñd

bn

bnsnamgs

y

bnspnr-

bcacgs.

(Ec`.

1)

-

Auhlqucnr

gtrg

snrvcacg bnln`hbg

h

fhdtnd¡fcndtg.

;ZBClt

C

ltcl[lM_

_

C;__

lt;dl

Ec`.

:

Ec`. 1

82

FHLH

[^DRNZCH

m

rØ

--\\

\

-

GZBND S

LCF[CNYH

[GJZNQ

HX^C

DG

NUCRN CCCAN}CBCGQ

.

HAACBNclRNQ



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

Auhlnsqucnrh

qun

snhd lhs rnspgdshjclcbhbns bnl snrvcacg

bn fhdtndcfcndtg

ns cfpgrthdtn

qun

nstãd jcnd bnecdcbhs

y

sus

lcfctns bn hutgrcbhb jcnd

nsthjlnacbgs,

prnvcg

haunrbg agd lgs

qun

agdacnrdh.

H

fndubg,

nxcstnd

zgdhs

fhl

bnecdcbhs

qun

sgd ahushs

bn fhlndtndbcbgs

y

agdeuscñd

qun,

lnigs bn

suhvczhr

nl

eudacgdhfcndtg, henathd

lhs

rnlhacgdns

agd

gtrgs snrvcacgs.

Nl

bnphrthfndtg

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg ns

rnspgdshjln

bn9

-

[rgynathr

y

ninauthr nl

plhd

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg, rnphrhacgdns,

pnqunøhs

cdsthlhacgdns

y

sustctua¡gdns.

Qufcdcstrhr

y

bcstrcjucr

ndnr`æh

(nlnatrcacbhb,

vhpgr,

`hs,

hù€C,

nta.).

Hbfcdcstrhr

y

supnrvcs

hr hl

pnrsgdhl prgpcg

(fnaèdcags).

[rgynathr

y

supnrvcshr

plhdgs

bn

agdstruaacñd,

bndtrg

bn

su

ahfpg bn

haa¡ñd.

(Ec`

.2).

Hbfcdcstrhr

gtrgs

snrv¡acgs

qun

ln mhd

scbg

bnln`hbgs.

Znspgdbnr

agdsulths

tãadcahs,

agd

lgs

fhdbgs

bn

prgbuaa¡ñd,

sgjrn

prgjlnfhs

fnaèdcags.

[rgvnnr

hbnauhbh

prgtnaacñd

agdtrh

cdandbcgs, cdaluyndbg

agdthatgs

agd lgs

rnprnsndthdtns

bn lh agfphø

æh

hsnùrhbgrh.

Nsthjlnanr,

hbfcdcstrhr

y

fhdtndnr

ud

snrvcacg

bn

lcf

ptnzh

bn

lhs

cdsthlha¡gdnQ,

nqucpg

y

prgpcnbhb

nd

`ndnrhl. (Ec`.

>)

Llnvhr

h ahjg tgbhs nsths eudacgdns

agd

snùrcbhb

y

necaha¡h.

Ec`.

2

{t

8>

Ec`. >



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

BNQAZC[AÃD

BN

LHQ

ZNQ[GDQHJCLCBHBNQ

Lgs

prcdacphlns gjintævgs

bnl

bnphrthfndtg

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg

sgd9

-

[rnvnnr

ud

fhr`nd

pgr

hvnræhs

burhdtn j

prgansg

bn

ehjrcahacñd.

-

Fhdtndnr

lgs

nqucpgs

nd

agdbcalgdns

bn

utclczhacñd

sn`urh

y

fèxcfh

necahach.

-

Znbuacr

hl f ædcfg

lgs

phrgs

pgr

hvnræhs

y

nl agstg

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg.

-

Fhdtndnr

ud hltg

dcvnltãadcag

nd

lh

ninauacñd

bn

su

trhjhig.

[hrh

agdsn`ucrnsegs

gjcnecvgs

s

n

dnanscth

-

Agdthragdtãadcagsjcndsnlnaacgdhbgsysupnrvcshbgs.

(Ec`.

8)

-

^d

jund

prg`rhfh

bn fhdtndcfcndtg

prnvndtcvg.

Znvcshrlhs

pcnzhs

qun

rnqucnrhd

ernaundtn rnphrhacñd.

(Ec`.

8)

-

Nsthr

hl

bæh

nd

auhdtg

h

prgansgs,

hvhdans

tnadglñ`cags,

dunvgs

fãtgbgs,

nqucpgs

y

fhtnrchl.

-

Nstrnamh aglhjgrhacñd

agd

lgs

ndahr`hbgs

bn

lhs

bcstcdths snaacgdns

bn

ehjrcahacñd.

Ec`.

C

t5



FHDRND

CF CNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

[LHDCECAHACÑD

S

GZ@HDCYHACÑD

BNL

FHDRND CFCNDRG

[hrh lh

plhdcecahacñd

bnl

fhdtndcfcndtg

sn mh

nsthjlnacbg

1

èrnhs jèscahs9

8.-

[lhdcecahacñd

h

lhr`g plhzg.-

Agrrnspgdbn

h

lhs

`rhdbns

nfprnshs

y

nstè

vcdaulhbh

agd lgs

prgdñstcags

bn vndths

y

lh

prgbuaacñd,

hjhrahdbg

lh hbfcdcstrè'acñd

tgthl, trhzhdbg fnths

bndtrg bn

8; høgs. Nif.

ldsthlhr

udh

eèjrcah

dunvh,

:.-[lhdns h

plhzg

agrtg.-

Agfprndbn

nl

lhpsg bn ud

høg

y

sn

cdaluyn bndtrg

bnl

prnsupunstg

hduhl bn

fhdtndcfcndtg.

Nif. Agfprhr

ud nqucpg

dunvg

phrh

udh èrnh

bntnrfcdhbh

nd

lh

nfprnsh

g ahphacthrhl

pnrsgdhl.

(Ec`.

8)

1.-

[lhdnhacñd

cdfnbchth.-

Nsth

bhbh

pgr

lhs

haacgdns

cdfnbchths

bnl

fhdtndcfcndtg

y

lg

nlhjgrh ud

`rupg

bn

tãadcags

nd

fhdtndcfcndtg.

Qn'

pgbræh

agdscbnrhr agfg

haa¡gdns

bn

rutcdh.

Nif. Lujrcahr

lhs fèqucdès,

ahfjchr

rnpunstgs,

pcdthr,

nta.

(Ec`

.:)

Ec`.

8

Ec`.

:

80



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

GZ@HDC@ZHFH

BNL BN[HZRHFNDRG

BN

FHDRNDCFCNDRG

sN@ùD NL RHFHøg

gn

LH

NFpZNQH

Gr`hdc`rhfh

bn

Fhdtndcfcndtg

Bnphrthfndtg

bn ld`ndcnræh,

Andtnanræh

Eèjrcah

bn thfhøg fnbchdg

UCAN[ZNQCBNDRN

BN

EHJZCAHACÑD

ld`ndcnrg

bn

Eèjrcah

Bcrnatgr

bn

Ehjrcahacñd

ld`ndcnrg

bn

Fhdtndcfcndtg

Qupnrcdtndbndtn

bn

Fhdtndcfcndtg

Qupnrcdtndbndtn

bn

[rgbuaacñd

ld`ndcnrg

bn Eèjrcah

Qnarnthrch

ld`ndcnrg

bn

[rgynatgs

Fhdtndcfcndtg

bn

Hutgfñvclns

Qupnrcdtndbndtn

n Fhdtndcfcndt

Hyubhdtn

bnl

ld`ndcnrg

bn

prgynatgs

Fhdtndcfcndtg

bn nfjgtnllhbg

Hyubhdtn bnl supnrcdtndbndtn

Fhdtndcfcndtg

bn anrvnanræh

Hyubhdtn bnl supnrcdtndbndtn

ldqndcnrg

l.

l.v

bn

snrvrargs

Qgjrnsthdtn

bn

turdg

Gecacdcsth

[lhdth

bn

eunrzh

fgtrcz

Qgjrnnsthdtns

8.-

Nlnatrcacbhb

:.- Rhllnr

fnaèdcag

1.-

Cdsthlhacñd

2.-

Rujnrlh

y

agdnxtgdns

>.-

Ahrpctnrlh

5.- [cdturh

Hyubhdtn

bn

sgjrnsthdtn

Qgjrnnsthdtn

bn

cdstrufndtgs



FHDRND

C FC NDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

BHRGQS

NQRHBG BN FHX^CDHQ

S

NX^C[GQ

Agfg

tgbh

plhdcecahacñd

bnjn jhshrsn

nd mnamgs

y

bhtgs rnhlns,

lg

fès cfpgrthdtn

nd lh

plhdcecahacñd

bnl fhdtndcfcndtg

ns9

-

Nsthbg

hatuhl

bnl nqucpg bn

prgbuaacñd.

-

Ahdtcbhb

bn

prgbuaacñd qunsn

gbtcndn

agd nl

prg`rhfh

rnspnatcvg.

-

^sg bnl

nqucpg, ahr`h dnanshrch, agdsnrvhacñd

y

aucbhbg.

-

Nqucpg

bnsahrthjln.

-

Dunvg

nqucpg agd

qun

sn

aundth.

-

Bnfhdbh

euturh bn nqucpgs nd

lgs

bnphrthfndtgs

bn

prgbuaacñd.

-

Nsthbæstcahs

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg

y prgbuaacñd

agd sus

tndbndachs.

-

[glætcah

bn

cdvnrscgdns.

-

[glætcah

bn fhdtndcfcndtg, bnecdcbh

pgr

lh hlth

bcrnaacñd.

-

Ahphacbhb bnl bnphrthfndtg bn

fhdtndcfcndtg.

Nsthbg

hatuhl

bnl nqucpg bn

prgbuaacñd

Mhy :

fgbgs bn bntnrfcdhr

nl

nsthbg bnl

nqucpg9

-

Agd

ud

cdvndthrcg

eæscag.

Agd

ud

rn`cstrg

pnrfhdndtn

bn su

nsthbg

y,

nspnachlfndtn

bn lgs

ahfjcgs.

.Lh

prcfnrh

hltnrdhtcvh ns

prgjhjln

qun

llnvn jhsthdtn

tcnfpg

sc

sn dnanscth

udh

`rhd

nxhatctub. Auhdbg

sn nfpcnzh h

gr`hdczhr ud bnphrthfndtg fgbnrdg

bn fhdtndcfcndtg

ns

dnanshrcg

bntnrfcdhr nlnsthbg hatuhl,

agfg

jhsn

bn

lh

plhdcecahacñd,

pnrg,

ns fuamg fnigr

rnau rrcr hl

rn`

cstrg

pnrfhdndtn.

Nl tcpg

bn rn`cstrg

vhræh

bn udh

h

gtrh

cdbustrch, sn`ùd

nl

nqucpg

qun

sn nfplnn. Bnjn

bcvcbcrsn

lh

plhdth

scstnfètcahfndtn

y

ahbh

bcvcscñd

bnecdcrè

sus gjintcvgs bn fhdtndcfcndtg

bn fgbg

lñ`cag. Rhlns

gjintcvgs

bnjnd rnbuacrsn

phrh

ehaclcthr

su agfprndscñd,

y

dg

agdtndnr

bnfhschbgs tcpgs

bn

fhqucdhrchs.

[nrg, thfpgag bnjnd

snr bnfhschbg lcfcthbgs?

pgr

ninfplg,

udh

jgfjh

dg

bnjn snr snphrhbh bn

su fgtgr

(Ec`.

8),

dc

lgs fgtgrns nlãatrcags

bn

lh

fèqucdh mnrrhfcndth.

83



FHDRND

CFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

Nfplngbn

lh

prgbuaacñd

Lh

ahr`h

bn

prgbuaacñd,

nd

mgrhs

g tgdnlhbhs

pgr pnrcgbg,

sn

punbn

gjtndnr

dgrfhtfndtn

bnl

bnphrthfndtg

bn

plhdcecahacñd

bn

lh

prgbuaacñd.

Nd

hl`udgs

ahsgs,

pgr

ninfplg,

auhdbg sn

plhmcecah

lh

prgbuaacñd

nd udcbhbns

fhygrns

qun

lhs

bn fhdtndcfcndtg,

sn dnanscthrè

hl`ùd

aèlaulg

phrh

gjtndnr

lh

ahr`h agfphrhjln

y

lhs

acerhs

bn

utclczhacñd.

dg

sn

rnqucnrn

udh

prnacscñd

hjsgluth,

nxanptg

auhdbg

sn ahlaulh

lhs

fèqucdhs

fès

cfpgrthdtns,

ns

bnacr, hqunllhs

qun

sc`dcecahd

"auntlg

bn

jgtnllh"

nd th

prgbuaacñd.

^sg

bnl

nqucpg

Qc lgs

gpnrhrcgs

sgjrnahr`hd

udh fèqucdh

(Ec`.

:),

scdg sn

lns

mh

cdstrucbg

jcnd

g dg sn lns

agdtrglh,

sc

lh

agdsnrvhacñd

bchrch

ns

cdhbnauhbh

g

dg sn

vnrcecah,

nl

bnphrthfndtg

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg

nsthrè

cddnanshrchfndtn

sgjrnahr`hbg.

Lh

prgjhjclcbhb

bn

phrg

hufndthrè,

y

ahushrè

prgjlnfhs,

t¡hdtg nd

lh

prgbuaacñd

agfg

nd nl

fhdtndcfcndtg.

ar*r

@crauctgs

hjcnrtgs

Nlnvhacñd

bn lh

tnfpnrhturh

Qgjrnahr`h

,I

vndtclhacñd

Ec`.:

^dh

nsthbæstcah

fntñbcah

bn lhs

ahushs bn hvnræhs

pgscjclcth

lh

bntnaacñd

bn

nsths

sgjrnahr`hs

cddnanshrchs

y

ehaclcth

lh

agrrjaacñd bnl fhdnig

bnecacndtn

bn lhs

fèqucdhs

mnrrhfcndth.

Ernaundtnfndtn

,

thlns acraudsthdachs cdbcahd

thfjcãd

lh

jhih fgrhlbn

trhjhig,

y punbnd

snr

ahushs bn

lh

cdcachtcvh

bn

lh

hlth bcrnaacñd

phrh

agrrn`crlhs.

Nd fuamgs

ahsgs, nl

inen

bn fhdtndcfcndtg

dg

punbn

mhanr fès

qun

cdegrfhr

h

lh

bcrnaacñd

y

mhanr

lg

qun punbh,

fcndtrhs

burnd

lhs

acraudsthdachs.

Qc nl cdegrfn

bnlinen

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg

sn

hanpth,

y

sn

tgfhd

lhs

fnbcbhs dnanshrchs,

nlinen

punbn

snøhlhr lh cfpgrthdach

bnl

jndnecacg

bn udh jundh cdstruaacñd y

prgaurhr

ndsnøhr

hl

pnrsgdhlbn

prgbuaacñd, nspnachlfndtn

h

lgs

fhdbgs.

:;



FHDRND

C FC

NDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

Nqucpg

bnsahrthjln

Bnjn cdegrfhrsn

scnfprn

hlinen

bn fhdtndcfcndtg

bn

lh

nlcfcdhacñd

bn fèqucdhs

y

bn nqucpg

bn

prgbuaacñd.

[unbn mhjnr

lu`hr

h

nln`cr ndtrn

lh nlcfcdhacñd

bn bgs agfpgdndtns

scfclhrns

bn

nqucpg. Nlinen

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg

punbn agfphrhrlg

y

bnacbcr, jhsèdbgsn

nd nl

mcstgrchl bn

fhdtndcfcndtg, agd nlagdsnaundtn

hmgrrg

nd

lh euturh utclczhacñd.

Nd

lh

fhygræh bn

lhs

eèjrcahs.

Hl rnagdstrucr

fèqucdhs hdtc`uhs, agdvcndn,

h

vnans, nfplnhr

agd

prgvnamg

pcnzhs

bn fèqucdhs

nlcfcdhbhs

(Ec`.

2),

thlns agfg vèlvulhs

mcbrèulcahs,

haansgrcgs, jgfjhs,

fgtgrns nlãatrcags,

nd`rhdhins, nta. Agd jhsthdtn ernaundach, sunln

gaurrcr

qun prgbuaacñd

sglcactn udh

fèqucdh

phrh

ud

ecd

nspnachl.

H vnans

udh

fèqucdh

nlcfcdhbh

punbn

rnphrhrsn

y

snrvcr,

fcndtrhs

sn

nspnrh

lh

ndtrn`h

nd

gtrh dunvh.

Ernaundtnfndtn, lh fhqucdhr¡h

nlcfcdhbh

vunlvn h

prgbuaacñd

phrh

ud trhjhig

auyhs

agdbcacgdns

dg

sgd

fuy

cfpgrthdtns.

[nrg

nsths

fèqucd7s,

yh

vcni7s,

rnqucnrnd

fhdtndcfcndtg,

y

ns

pgr

nsg sn agdvcnrtnd

nd udh ahr`h

fès jcnd fglnsth

phrh

lh

snaacñd

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg. Bnjn

tndnrsn

fuy

nd aundth

lg

nxpunstg,

auhdbg

sn

ahlaulh

lh

ahr`h

bn nsth

snaacÑd.

Dunvg nqucpg

^dh bn lhs thrnhs snaudbhrchs

bnl

inen

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg

ns

phrtcacphr

nd

nl

prgynatg

y

lh

hbqucscacñd

bnl

dunvg nqucpg

bn

prgbuaacñd

(Ec`. >). Nd

lh

ehsn bn

prgynatg

y

bcsnøg

ns

pgscjln

fgbcecahr

lhs

fèqucdhs

phrh

fnigrhrlhs

y

mhanrlhs

fhs

cbñdnhs

phrh

lh

prgbuaacñd?

pgrninfplg9

-

Nlcfcdhdbg

g

rnbuacndbg

trhjhigs

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg cdnvcthjlns.

-

[rgynathdbg

y

agdstruyndbg

bcspgsctcvgs

phrh

rnbuacr

nl

tcnfpg

pgr

hvnræhs.

-

Nfplnhdbg agfpgdndtns

dgrfhlczhbgs

phrh

rnbuacr

nlstgao

bn

rnpunstgs.

-

Hlhr`hdbg

lh

burhacñd

agd nlnfplng

bn

fnigrns fhtnrchlns

Lh

nxpnrcndach

rnag`cbh

y

hramcvhbh

pgr

lh

snaacñd

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg

y

lh

ahr`h

nd lh

snaacñd,

hufndthdbg

lh ahphacbhb

bn

prgbuaacñd.

Ec`. >

Ec`. 2

:8



FHDRND

CFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

Bnfhdbh

euturh

bn nqucpg

[hrh

pgscjclcthr

nl

ahfjcg

bn lgs

plhdns

bnl

inen

bn fhdtndcfcndtg,

bn

haunrbg

agd lh

bnfhdbh, bnjn cdegrfèrsnln

bnl

bnshrrgllg euturg

bn

lh

cdbustrch.

Hlùdhs

bn

sus hatcvcbhbns

sgd bn lhr`h

burhacñd,

pgrninfplg

lh

ndsnø

hdzhyegrfhacñd

bnl

pnrsgdhly

lh

gr`hdczhacñd

bnlthllnrbn fhdtndcfcndtg.

^d gpnrhrcg

phrh

nl

snùdbg

turdg

sn

ndaundtrh

eèaclfndtn,

pnrg,

lh

gpnrhacñd bn nspnachlcsths

nd fhdtndcfcndtg

llnvh

fès

tcnfpg.

Qclh

snaacñd fhdtndcfcndtg

nstè suinth h

ud

prnsupunstg,

nlprg`rhfh

bn

prgbuaacñd

punbn

cdarnfndthrlg.

Qcnl nqucpg

bnjn

ushrsn

nd

ud snùdbg turdg,

lhs

fèqucdhs

dnanscthrèd

fès

fhdtndcfcndtg

prnvndtcvg

phrh qun

sn

fhdtnd`hd

nd eudacgdhfcndtg

y

sgpgrtnd lh

sgjrnahr`h.

(Ec`.5)

@uhdbg

sn

fnigrh

lh

ahlcbhb

bnl

prgbuatg,

lhs

fèqucdhs

pgbrèd

dnanscthr

rnegrfhs

phrh

gjtndnr

lh

ahlcbhb

bnsnhbh.

Ninfplg9

[hrh

ud fgtgrbn

agfjustcñd cdtnrdh

trhjhihdbg

8

turdg

sn rnagfcndbh

su

ahfjcg

bn hanctn

ahbh0

bæhs.

[nrg

sn

mh

bn trhjhihr

:

turdgs mhjrè bn

agfjcdhrsn

nl

hanctn

:

vnans

pgrsnfhdh.

Ec`.

5

::



FHDRND

CFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

NQRHBÆQRCAHQ

BN

FHDRNDCFCNDRG

S [ZGBÂACÑD

Lh

jhsn

phrh

lh

plhdcecahacñd

bnl

fhdtndcfcndtg ns nl rn`cstrg

cdfnbchtg bn

fhdtndcfcndtg

y

prgbuaacñd.

Hl

nlhjgrhr

lhs

ecamhs

y

bgaufndtgs

phrh

rnag`nr

bhtgs

ns

nsndachl

mhanr

agdsthr9

-

Lg

qun

sn

bnjn

hdgthr.

-

Bgdbn

punbnd

ndagdtrhrsn.

eèaclfndtn

lgs

bhtgs.

(Ec`

.0)

-

Agfg bnjnd hdgthrsn.

-

Agfg bnjnd

prganshrsn.

Lgs

bhtgs

dnanshrcgs

phrh

nl rn`cstrg

bn

lhs

hatcvcbhbns

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg sgd

lgs

fcsfgs

qun

lgs

bn

plhdcecahacñd

h

lhr`g

plhzg,

y

agdscstn prcdacphlfndtn

nd

9

Bhùgs

bn

cbndtcecahacñd9

dùfnrgs

bn

cdvndthrcg,

fèqucdh, snaacñd, gpnrhr¡g,

nta.

Bhtgs

bn tcnfpg9 bæh

y

mgrh nd

qun

sn

sglcacthbg

nl

trhjhig,

nd

qun

sn

nfpnzñ

y

tnrfcdg.

Rcnfpg

nfplnhbg,

prnv¡stg,

bn

'

phrg y

nspnrh.

(Ec`.

=)

-

Nd

qun

pcnzhbn

lh

fèqucdh

sn trhjhig.

-

Fgtcvg

bnl

trhjhig.

Rcpg bn trhjhig.'rnphrhtcvg g

prnvndtcvg.

[glætcah bn

cdvnrscgdns

Qc

lh bcspgdcjclcbhb fgdnthrch

phrh

cdvnrscgdns

ns hjudbhdtn,

punbn

snr agdvndcndtn

rnbuaær

nl

fhdtndcfcndtg

agfprhdbg

dunvg nqucpg.

Qc lh

bcspgdcjclcbhb

ns nsahsh, hudqun

lh

prgbuaacñd

bnjn

fhdtndnrsn

nd

ud

dcvnl nlnvhbg

y

agd

nqucpg

hdtcùg, nl

`hstg

nd

fhdtndcfcndtg,

y prnenrndtnfndtn

nd nl

prnvndtcvg,

bnjn hufndthrsn. [grqun

scdg sn

aucbh

nl

nqucpg

bn

prgbuaacñd

ns

prgjhjln qun bcsfcduyh

su

rndbcfcndtg,

n

cdalusg

sn phrn.

Nl

bnspnrbcacg bn udh

phrtn

agdscbnrhjln

bnlbcdnrg

cdvnrtcbg

henathræh fuamg

h lh hlth

bcrnaacñd.

^dh snaacñd bn fhdtndcfcndtg jcnd

gr`hdcczhbh, agd hatcvcbhbns agdtrglhbhs

nd

prnvndacñd,

rnphrhacñd

y

rnagdstruaacñd,

punbn

bhr

lu`hr h hmgrrgs bn cdvnrscñd

nd ud

pnrcgbg

agrtg

y

snùcr fhdtndcndbg lh ahlcbhb

y

ahdtcbhb

bn

lh

prgbuaacñd

nd ud

jund

dcvnl

Qclh

jundh gr`hdczhacñd

sn udn h ud

agdtrglbn

ahlcbhb

bnlnqucpg

bn

prgbuaacñd,

lh

bcrnaacñd

agdganrè

lhs

fnigrhs

nd

ahlcbhb

y

lhs

prgjhjlns

bnfhdbhs

phrh

cdvnrtcr.

Ec`.0

AHZ@H

BN

RZHJHIG

Agb.

8;;,l;2;=:1

Rhllnr

Fna @ndnrhl

^jla.

Hlustn

ttlHZAH9 AGÆù[LN]

FHAMCDN

clgbnlg9

FB-1;=

Rlpg9

1GF|LBZ|D

Qnrln93=8;:0;2

Ec`.=

:1



FHDRND

CFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

CF[GZRHDACH

BN

LGQ

AGQRGQ BN FHDRNDCFCNDRG

Nd lhs

nfprnshs

gr`hdczhbhs,

nd

bgdbn

nxcstnd

jundgs

scstnfhs

bn cdegrfhacñd

sgjrn lhs

vhrchjlns

qun

fcbnd

nlbnshrrgllg

bn

lhs

gpnrhacgdns,

sn

vcsuhlczhd

eèaclfndtn

lgs agstgs bn

fhdtndcfcndtg

y

fhdcecnsthd

ud

`rhbg

bn

cdtnrãs

hltg jèscahfndtn

pgr

nl

agstg

fcsfg

y

lh

rhpcbnz

bn

su

arnacfcndtg.

Lh bcenrndach

pgr

lh'ehlth

bn cdtnrãs

nd

nl agdtrgl

bn

lgs

agstgs

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg

nd fuamhs

gtrhs

nfprnshs

ns

erutg

sñlg bn

su

c`dgrhdach.

Lh

ecdhlcbhb

jèscah bn

udh

`nstcñd

bn agstgs ns

nstcfulhr lh

gptcfczhacñd

bnl

usg bn lh fhdg

bn

gjrh,

ahdtcbhb

bn fhtnrchlns, mnrrhfcndths

y

tcnfpgs

bn

phrgs?

nsthjlnacndbg

gjintcvgs

agd

bcenrndtns

jhsns

bn

agfphrhacñd,

lgs gjintcvgs sgd

pudtgs

bn

nquclcjrcg

(agfprgfcsgs)

ndtrn ud

jndnecacg

pgtndachly

nl agstg bn

fhdtndcfcndtg.

Nd

auhdtg

hl trhjhig

bn Fhdtndcfcndtg

dg

bnjn

sñlg

agfprndbnr

h

lgs

supnrvcsgrns

qun

bgfcdnd

nd

lh

gr`hdczhacñd

pgr

su nxpnrcndach nd

nl usg

prèatcag

bn mnrhfcndths

y

prganbcfcndtgs

bn

rnphrhacñd.

Nd

rnenrndach

hl

pnrsgdhl

bnjnfgs hecrfhr

qun

auhlqucnr

pnrsgdh

bndtrg bn lh

gr`hdczhacñd

bnjn nsthr

agdacndtczhbh

bn

lh rnspgdshjclcbhb

bn

vnlhr

pgr

lgs

agstgs,

jèscahfndtn

pnrfhdnacndbg

cdegrfhbg

bn su nsthbg

y

bn su agdtrcjuacñd

phrh

agdtrglhr

nl

scstnfh

bn

grbndns

bn

trhjhig.

Nd lhjùsqunbh

bn agstgs

fndgrns

mh

scbg dnanshrcg rnplhdtnhr

lh

eudacñd

bnl

fhdtndcfcndtg

grcndthdbglg

h mhanrlg

fès nenatcvg

y

hl fcsfg tcnfpg

qun

su

cdelundach

nd lgs

agstgs tgthlns

sn

fcdcfcan

y

nsthjclcan,

Bnsbn nl pudtg bn vcsth nagdñfcag,

h

fndubg ehlth

lh

vcscjclcbhb

bnl agstg tgthl, mhjcndbg ud

fhdnig

hbnauhbg bn lgs

agstgs

nd

nlagrtg

plhzg,lg qun

dg

suanbn nd

nl lhr`g

plhzg,

pgrgtrh

phrtn

sn agdgand

lgs

agstgs bn

bcsnøg

y

bnshrrgllg,

y

lgs bn

hbqucscacñd

n

cdsthlhacñd

bn ud

scstnfh, fcnWllrhs

pnrfhdnand

gaultgs fuamgs bn lgs

agstgs hsgachbgs

agd su

gpnrhacñd

y

fhdtndcfcnøtg

ã-dNtacatg

bn vcbh

bnl nqucpg.

Nl fhdtndcfcndtg

bnjn

nsthr

prnphrhbg phrh

nvhluhr

sus agstgs,

agdganr

su bnshrrgllg

y

plhdcecahr

su fhdnig?

nvcbndtnfndtn

nstg

sñlg sn agdsc`un

agd

ud scstnfh

bn

cdegrfhacñd

bcsnøhbg

phrh

ndtrn`hr

nstgs bhtgs bn agstgs bn fhdnrh

qun

ehaclctnd

nl aufplcfcndtg

bn

nstgs

rnqucsctgs

fædcfgs

trhzhbgs

y

pgscjlnfndtn

nl

pgbnr

rnspgdbnr

prn`udths

thlns

agfg9

·Añfg

lg`rhrfès

nl

Fhdtndcfcndtg7,

·Añfg

hufndthrsu

nenatcvcbhb7,

·Añfg

hufndthrlh

prgbuatcvcbhb7,

·Añfg

bcsfcducr sus agstgs7,

·Añfg

fhdtndnr

fès

y

fnigr scd

hufndthr

lgs

agstgs7

Nl

fhdtndcfcndtg

jcnd

plhdcecahbg

hlahdzh rabuaacgdns

bn agstgs

h trhvãs

bn lh

nlcfcdhacñd

bn bnspnrbcacgs,

bnl

nsthjlnacfcndtg

bn

nstrhtn`chs

pgr

nqucpg,

y

bnl hufndtg

bn lh

ahphacbhb,

bcspgdcjclcbhb

y

agdechjclcbhb

bn

lgs

nqucpgs.

Lh

plhdcecahacñd

bn fhdtndcfcndtg

sn agfpgdndtn bn

udh snrcn

bn hatcvcbhbns,

scndbg

lhs

prcdacphlns

nthphs

bnl

prgansg9

nstcfulhr nl nseunrzg,

bnshrrgllhr

lgs

plhdns

n

cfplnfndthrlgs.

Nl

rnsulthbg

bn nsth

plhdcecahacñd

bnjnrè

snr

udh snrcn

agmnrndtn

bn

nstrhtn`chs

bn fhdtndcfcndtg,

agdtcduhfndtn fgdctgrnhbhs

y

hiusthbhs

agd

nl gjintcvg bn

fcdcfczhr agstgs tgthlns.

:2



FHDRND

C

FCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

Rcpgs

bn

agstgs cdvgluarhbgs

nd nl

fhdtndcfcndtg

Nl fhdtndcfcndtg cdvgluarh

bcenrndtns agstgs9

bcrnatgs, cdbcrnatgs,

`nrndachlns,

bn tcnfpgs

pnrbcbgs y

bn

pgspgdnr

nl

Fhdtndcfcndtg.

Nl agstg bn

pgsnscñd

bn ud nqucpg

agfprndbn

auhtrg hspnatgs9

.

Nlagstgbnhbqucscacñd

9

Xun

cdaluyn

agstgs

hbfcdcstrhtcvgs bn agfprh,

cfpunstgs,

hrhdanlns, trhdspgrtn,

sn`urgs,

agfcscgdns,

fgdthin,

cdsthlhacgdns,

nta.

r

Nl agstg

bn

gpnrhacñd

9 ldaluyn lgs agstgs

bn

fhdg

bn gjrh,

bn

fhtnrch

pr¡fh y

tgbgs

lgs

`hstgs

bcrnatgs bn

lh

prgbuaacñd.

r

Nl

agstg

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg

9

Xun

nstè

agfpunsth

pgr9

.

Fhdg

bn gjrh

(bcrnatg)

.

Znpunstgs

y

fhtnr¡hlns

(bcrnatg)

.

Mnrrhfcndths(bcrnatg)

.

Hbfcdcstrhacñd

(cdbcrnatg)

.

@ndnrhlns

g

Rcnfpg

pnrbcbg

bn

prgbuaacñd

qun

cdeluyn9

[rgbuatg

pnrbcbg

y

mgrhs

nxtrhs bn

rnphrhacñd.

-

Agstg

bn

bhr

bn

jhi h hl nqucpg9

Hl mhanrsn

gjsglntg.

Agsegs bn

fhdtndcfcndtg

g bcrnatgs

Nstèd rnlhacgdhbgs

agd nl

rndbcfcndtg

bn

lh

nfprnsh

y

sgd fndgrns sc

lh

agdsnrvhacñd

bn

lgs

nqucpgs ns

fnig¡

cdeluynd

lh

ahdtcbhb

bn tcnfpg

qun

sn nfplnh nl nqucpg

y

lh

htndacñd

qùn

rnqucnrn.

.

Agstgs

bn

fhdg

bn

gjrh bcrnath.

.

Agstgs bn

fhtnrchlns

y

rnpunstgs.

.

Agstgs hsgachbgs

bcrnathfndtn

è

¡h

ninauacñd bn trhjhigs9 agdsufg bn

ndnr`æh, hlquclnr

bn

nqucpgs, nta.

.

Agstgs

bn

lh

utclczhacñd bn

mnrrhfcndth

y

nqucpgs.

:>



FHDRND

CF C NDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

Agsegs

cdbcrnatgs

Qgd hrlttnllgWs

qun

dg

punbnd

htrcjucrsn

bn

udh

fhdnrh

bcrnath

h

udh gpnrhacñd

g

trhjhignspnaæecag.

Nd

Fhdtndcfcndtg, ns

nlagstg

qun

dg

punbn

rnlhacgdhrsn

h

ud trhjhig

nspnaæecaj.

[gr

lg

`ndnrhl

sunlnd

snr.' lh

supnrvcscñø, hlfhaãd,

cdsthlhacgdns,

snrvcacgs

bn

thllnr,

haansgrcgs

bcvnrsgs,

hbfcdcstrhacñd,

nta.

@gsegs

bn tcnfpgs

pnrbcbgs

Qgd

hqunllgs

qun

hudqun

dg

nstèd rnlhacgdhbgs

bcrnathfndtn

agd

Fhdtndcfcndtg

pnrg

sc

nstèd

grc`cdhbgs

bn

hl`udh egrfh

agd ãstn

(

Ec`.

8)

?

thlns

agfg9

.

[hrgs

bn

prgbuaacñd.

.

Jhih

nenatcvcbhb.

.

Bnspnrbcacgs

bn

fhtnrchlns.

.

Fhlh

ahlcbhb.

.

Ndtrn`hs

nd

tcnfpgs dg

prnecihbgs

(bnfgrhs).

.

[nrbcbhs

nd

vndths,

nta.

^dh

jundh

cdvnrscñd

nd

fhdtndcfcndtg

dg

ns

ud

`hstg

scdg ud

pgtndachl

eundtn

bn

utclcbhbns.

Lhs

ut¡lcbhbns

sgd fèxcfhs

auhdbg lgs

agstgs

bn

prgbuaacñd

sgd

ñptcfgs.

Nxcstn

udh rnlhacñd

qun

bnjnd

tndnr

ndtrn

sæ

lgs

agstgs

bn

fhdtnd¡fcndtg9

Fhdg

bn

gjrh,

Cgs

rnpunstgs,

lgs cdsufgs,

utclczhacñd

bn mnrrhfcndths

y

tcnfpg

pnrbcbg

phrh

qun

su

sufh

snh

fædcfh.

Dg

;[ZlcllH

nl

J;R;D

BN

clCHZA}lH

scd

anracgrhrsn

s¡

HrnulNtl

agrrn

[N^GZ()

Ec`. 8

Agsegs`ndnrhlns

Qgd

lgs agstgs

nd

qun

cdaurrn

lh

nfprnsh

phrh

sgstndnr

lhs

èrnhs

bn

hpgyg

g bn

eudacgdns

dg

prgpchfndtn

prgbuatcvhs.

[hrh

lgs

`hstgs

`ndnrhlns

bn Fhdtndcfcndtg

tnd`hd

utclcbhb

agfg

cdstrufndtg

bn

hdèlcscs,

bnjnrèd

alhscecahrsn

agd aucbhbg,

h nenatg bn snphrhr

nl agstg

ecig

bn

lh

vhrchjln,

nd hl`udgs

ahsgs

sn

hsc`dhd

agfg

bcrnatgs

g

cdbcrnatgs.

Ns

acnrtg

qun

lgs

agstgs

qun

hsufnd lhs

èrnhs bn

fhdtndcfcndtg

pgr

agdanptg

bn agstgs

bn

hbfcdcstrhacñd

sn

bndgfcdhd

agstgs hsc`dhbgs

y

sgd ecihbgs

pgr

dcvnlns

bn hutgrcbhb

qun

vhd

fès

hllè bn lhs

èrnhs bn fhdtndcfcndtg.

:5



FHDRND

C F C NDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

Haacgdns jèscahs

phrh

udh

jundh

`nstcñd

bn

agstgs

Lh

rnpntctcvcbhb

ns

ud ehatgr

cfpgrthdtn hl agdscbnrhr

nl

agdtrgl

bn

lgs

agstgs bn

Fhdtndcfcndtg.

Nllh

pnrfctn

hprgvnamhrsn

bn lhs nxpnrcndachs

phshbhs

phrh

snr ahbh vnz

fès

nenatcvg.

Gtrgs

ehatgrns

sgd9

.

Lh

grbnd bn

trhjhig,

.

Nl

fhdtndcfcndtg scstnfètcag,

.

Lgs

cdegrfns

bn

tcnfpg

y

lgs cdegrfns

pndbcndtns,

.

Lh

plhdnhacñd

y

prg`rhfhacñd,

.

@nstcñd bn

lgs fhtnrchlns

y

.

Nl agdtrgl

prnsupunsthl.

.

Lh

Grbnd

bnRrhjhig

Lh grbnd bn trhjhig

pnrfctn

agdganr agd

fuamh

nxhatctub

nl agstg bn ud trhjhig

hdtns bn

su

ninauacñd

y

ns

pgr

agdsc`ucndtn

ud

nxanlndtn

agdtrgl bn agstgs.

[nrfctn

agdtrglhrqun

lhs

cdvnrscgdns

sn

mh`hd

agd

nl

fãtgbg

fès

nagdñfcag

qun

dg

scnfprn agcdacbn

agd

nl

fès eèacl.

Lh Grbnd bn

Rrhjhig

agfg

cdstrufndtg

phrh

agdganr lgs tcnfpgs

bn

lhjgr, mhan

lhs

vnans

bn,cdegrfn

bn tcnfpg

y

pnrfctn

agdganr

agd nxhatctub lh ahdtcbhb

bn

tcnfpg cdvnrtcbg

nd udh

cdtnrvndacñd.

.

NC F h

dtnd f

cndtg

Qc

stnfètc ag

Nl Fhdtndcfcndtg

prnvndtcvg

bnsbn

mhan tcnfpg mh hufndthbg

y

mh

cfphathbg

nagdñfcahfndtn

nd

lh

gpnrhacñd

bn

Fhdtndcfcndtg.

^dh

cdvnrscñd

pnqunøh

nd Fhdtndcfcndtg

Qcstnfètcag ns rnaupnrhbh

pgr

lhs

nagdgfæhs

qun

sn lg`rhd

hl nvcthr

bhøgs

qun

`ndnrhlfndtn

sgd fès agstgsgs

bn

c

rnphrhr.

.

Nl

pnrsgdhl

hbnauhbg

ph¡h

fhdtndcfcndtg

Qc nl

pnrsgdhl

qun

trhjhih nd

fhdtndcfcndtg dg

tcndn

suecacndtn agdgacfcndtg,

nxpnrcndach

g

bnstrnzh,

supgdn

ud

agstg

phrh

lh

nfprnsh

qun

agdtrcjuyn

h

cdarnfndthr

lgs

agstgs

bn

Fhdtndcfcndtg. Bnjnrè

agdthrsn

agd

lgs

plhdns

bn

ahphacthacñd

phrh

lg`rhr

lgs gjintcvgs

prgpunstgs.

:0



FHDRND C

F

C

NDRG [ZNUNDRCUG

.

Lh

plhdnhacÑd

y

prg`rhfhacñd

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg

Nsths

bgs eudacgdns

hbfcdcstrhtcvhs

pnrfctnd

bcsfcducr

lgs agstgs

bn

rnphrhacñdbn fèqucdhs hl

mhanrthd

agrtgs agfg snhd pgscjlns lgs

tcnfpgs

bn

phrhbh

.[hrh

mhanr

fædcfgs

nsgs

tcnfpgs, sgd lgs nqucpgs,

mnrrhfcndths,

tãadcags

y

rnpunstgs

lg

qun

bnjnd

nspnrhr

lh

phrhbh

bn lh

fèqucdh

y

dg

hl

rnvãs.

(Ec`.

:)

Ec`.:

.

Nl

agdtrgl bn lgs

fhtnrchlns

Lgs

fhtnrchlns

utclczhbgs

phrh

cdtnrvndcrh

fhqucdhbh

y

lhs cdsththacgdns

hfnrcthd

lh bnecdcalñd

bn

pglætcahs

bn gpnrhacñd nd

auhdtg

h nllgs9 Bnjn

bnecdcrsn

nl

pgrandthin

bn

rnqucscacgdns

qun

bnjnd

snr

shtcsenamhs

pgr

nl

hlfhaãd

nd

prgfnbcg

nd

su

gpnrhacñd bchrch dgrfhl.

.

Nl

agdtrgl

prnspunsthl

Lgs

prnsupunstgs

bnjnd snr

prnphrhbgs

agd

eudbhfndtg

nd

prg`rhfhs

agdarntgs,

alhrgs

y

nxplæactgs bn lhs rnphrhacgdns

qun

sn

prgynathd

phrh

nl

høg

sc`ucndtn.

Cdegrfhacñd

vhlcgsh

phrh

nstn

gjintcvg

ns

tgbh

lh

qun

hlfhandhbh

phrh

bnshrrgllhr

lh

[lhdnhacñd

bn Fhdtndcfcndtg.

:=



FHDRND

C

F C NDRG [ZNUNDRCUG

[rnsupunstgs

y

su Agdtrgl

Lgs

prnsupunstgs

sgd

`ndnrhlfndtn,

prg`rhfhs

bn

cdvnrscgdns

y `hstgs phrh prntndbnr

hiusthrsn

h

ud

agfpgrthfcndtg

bcsnøhbg

nd ud

pnrægbg

bntnrfcdhbg

bn

tcnfpg,

agdscbnrhdbg

lgs

hltgs

pgrandthins

bn

`hstg

bn

agstg

bn

prgbuaacñd.

[hrh

`hrhdtczhr

ud

prnsupunstg

agdechjln

punbnd

utclczhrsn acerhs bn agstg rnhl, bn

nsthbg

phshbg

g

bn

prnsndtn.

S

bhtgs

rnlhtcvgs

h

lh

fhqucdhrch,

h lhs

`nstcgdns

bn fhdtndcfcndtg,

h

lgs

agstgs

bn

fhdg

bn

gjrh

y

sus

ehatgrns

bn

rnahr`g,

h

lgs

prnacgs prnsndtns y

euturgs bn

lgs

fhtnrchlns nd

lgs fnrahbgs, hl agdgacfcndtgs

bn lgs

prgansgs

qun

mhy

qun

rnhlczhr

y

h

lgs

tcnfpg dnanshrcgs,

hplcahdbg ud

jund arctnrcg

h

tgbgs nsgs nlnfndtgs.

Rãadcahs

phrh

lh nlhjgrhacñd

bn

prnsupunsegs

Nsth alhscecahacñd hudqun `ndnrhl

ns

fndacgdhbh phrh ehaclcthr

lh

agfprndscñd

bn

lhs

vndthihs

y

bnsvndthihs

rnspnatcvhs.

8. Rãadcahs

cdegrfhlns

[rgpgdn

qun

udh nfprnsh

`hstn

thdtg nd nl

pnrægbg

h

prg`rhfhr

agfg

lg mczg

nd

nlhdtnrcgr.

:.

Rãadcahs

hbhpthjlns

Qn

hiusthd h

lhs

fgbcecahacgdns

pnrcñbcahs

y

sn

prnphrhd

scd tndnr nd aundth

dnanshrchfndtn

lg

gaurrcbg

nlhøg

hdtnrcgr.

1.

Rãadcahsegrfhlns

Jhshbgs nd

lgs

tcpgs

bn agstgs,

cdtnrvndacñd

y

`nstcñd?

nxc`cndbg auhlqucnrh

bn

nstgs

fuamg tcnfpg

nd

lh

plhdcecahacñd.

2. [rnsupunstgs

jhsnanrg

Hplcah udh

tãadcah bnstcdhbh

h

rnbuacr

lgs

`hstgs `ndnrhlns,

pnrg qun

nxc`n

cbndtcecahr ahbh

udcbhb

bn

bnacscñd.

Bcamh

tãadcah utclczh

lgs

sc`ucndtns nlnfndtgs

y

fãtgbgs9

.

Alhscecah

agdiudtgs

bn

bnacscñd

pgr

grbnd

bn

prcgrcbhb y

bntnrfcdh

nl

prnsupunstg

nd ahbh

ahsg.

.

Alhscecah

lgs

agdiudtgs

bn bnacscñd

pgr

grbnd bn jndnecacgs bnarnacndtns.

.

Hsc`dh

rnaursgs

h

lhs fhygrns

prcgrcbhbns qun

cdarnfndthd

lgs

jndnecacgs.

Rgbg nstg

hpgyhbg

nd

ud

prg`rhfh

bn agstgs bn

cdegrfhacñd agdechjln.

:3



FHDRND CFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

Fntgbglg`æh

`ndnrhl

Nl

fãtgbg

nstèdbhr

ns9

'

Qn bcvcbn

lh nfprnsh

nd scstnfhs

y

snrvcacgs

mgfg`ãdngs

bnsbn

nl

pudtg

bn vcsth

bn

fhdbg9

fhtnrchlns,

ehjrcahacñd,

nbcecacgs.

.

Znudcr

tgbhs

lhs

cdegrfhacgdns

bàgstgs

bã Fèdtnøcfcndtñb@

lgs

pãrægbgs

prganbndtns

agdechjlns

agdsnautcvgs,

.

Hatuhlczhr

lgs

prnacgs phrh

gjtndnr

nl

cfpgrtn bnl

høg nd

aursg fnbchdtn

lh

hplcahacñd

bn

ehatgrbn

agrrnaacñd sgjrn

lhs

acerhs

bn

høgs hdtnrcgrns.

'

Lg`rhr

udh fnbch

hduhl g bn lgs

høgs

bn Fhdtndcfcndtg,

grc`cdhbgs

pgrahbh

snrvcacg.

.

[hrtcndbg

bn lhs acerhs

gjtndcbhs bntnrfcdhr ud

prnsupunstg

hduhl agrrnspgdbcndtn

h lh

nagdgfæh.

.

Ahlaulhr

nl

prnsupunstg

pnrcñbcag

bn ahbh scstnfh

bcvcbcndbg

pgr

nl dùfnrg

bn

pnrægbgs

h

agdtrglhr,

yh

qun

ud scstnfh fndsuhl

pnrfctn,

pgr

ud

lhbg,

rnphrtcr

fnigr

lhs

pntcacgdns

bn

trhjhig

bn Fhdtndcfcndtg.

'

?."v

A g d t rg

C

b nl

prnccrp

uns tg

Fhdtndcfcndtg

h ecd bn hsnùrhr

ud agrrnatg

eudacgdhfcndtg

bn

ud

prnsupunstg

bnjn

vnrcec

ahr

hlùdhs dgrfhs9

.

Dg

bnjn

ninauthrsn

nd

Fhdtndcfcndtg

dcdùdh

lhjgr sc dg

nstè

prnsupunsthbg

su

agstg.

.

Rgbhs

lhs

pntcacgdns

bn

trhjhig bnjnd snr hprgjhbhs

pgr

ud

rnspgdshjln

bnl agstg

bn lgs

fcsfgs

bnlscstnfh

hl

qun

rnheczhrè.

.

Rgbgs

lgs agstgs

bn trhjhig bnjnd bcrc`crsn

pnrcñbcahfndtn

h

lgs

alcndtns

agd

lhs

gjsnrvhacgdns

dnanshrchs.

.

Bnjn

rnfctcrsn

pgr

ahbh

agdanptg

ud

jhlhdan

fndsuhl

agdtndcndbg

nl

cfpgrtn

bn

lh

ehaturhacñd

bnl fns y su

bnsvchacñd bnl prnsupunstg

phrh pnrfctcr nl

agdgacfcndtg

nxhatg

bn su

prnsupunstg

y

`hstg

bn

Fhdtndcfcndtg.

.

Auhdbg eudacgdh

ud

agdtrgl

prn,s{pun$thrcg

udh

pgscjclcbhb

udh

pgscjclcbhb

bn rnbuacr

sndscjlnfndtn

lgs

trhjhigs

rnhlclhbgs

bn

nfnr`ndach

g lhs

fgbcecahacgdns

burhdtn

lgs

trhjhigs,

agdscstn

nd

rnhlczhrlgs

agd

ud

ehatgrbn

rnahr`g.

.

Lgs

`hstgs

bn

Fhdtndcfcndtg

pgr

fhdtndcfcndtg

y

sufcdcstrg

bn

nlnatrcacbhb, hcrn

agfprcfcbg, rnerc`nrhacñd,

sn

bcvcbnd ndtrn

lgs

bcvnrsgs

snrvcacgs

bn

ehjrcahacñd,

agd jhsn

h ehatgrns

agfg

snh

dùfnrg

bn gpnrhrcgs

g

agdtrcjuacñd nd

nl

prgansg

nd

tcnfpg

g

utclcbhb.

.

Nlagdtrglagdthjln

mh

pnrfctcbg

cùhlfndtn h acnrths nfprnshs

udh luamh

necahz

agdtrh

lh

ehlth bn

nsphacg,

ehaturhdbg

lh

supnrecacn gauphbh

pgr

ahbh

udg bn sus

prgpcgs snrvcacgs.

1;



FHDRND

C FCNDRG [ZNUNDRCUG

Bntnrfcdhacñd

bn thrcehs bn lgs nlnfndtgs

bn agsegs

Nl

agstg sn jhsh nd thrcehs mgrhrchs

phrh

rnlhacgdhr

nl nfplng bn

lh

gjrh bcrnath,

lh

utclczhacñd

bn mnrrhfcndths

y

lgs agstgs cdbcrnatgs.

Lgs fhtnrchlns

sgd ahr`hbgs

agd nl agstg

qun

fhdtcndn

nl

scstnfh

bn

cdvndthrcgs.

[hrh

bntnrfcdhr

nl

agstg bn udh

cdtnrvndccñd nd udh

G.R. sn

rnqucnrn

phrh

ahbh nlnfndtg bn

agstg nlnsthjlnacfcndtg bn su

thrceh9

.

Fhdg bn gjrh

.

Agstgs bn lgs fhtnrchlns

y

rnpunstgs

.Rhrceh

phrh

lhs

mnrrhfcndths fhygrns

.

Rhrceh

pgragstgs

cdbcrnatgs

ldegrfn

bn agstgs

pnrcñbcags

Lgs cdegrfns bn

agstg

pnrcñbcags

dnanscthd

hjhrahr, hbnfès

bn

lgs

bhtgs bn agstgs,

nl

tcnfpg

bn

prgbuaacñd pnrbcbh

bn fhqucdhrch

y

nqucpg.

Nd

lh

ec`urh

hphrnan

ud cdegrfn fndsuhl

tæpcag, agd

nl

agstg haufulhbg

pgr

dùfnrg

bn

nqucpg.

Lh

aglufdh

bn alhvn bn rnphrhacñd agd

nl

ndahjnzhbg

"alhvn

Z€p.", cdbcah

nltcpg

bn rnphrhacñd nenatuhbh,

fcndtrhs

qun

uAeeu

hpudth

_h

ahtn`græh bnl

trhjhig.

(nl

dùfnrg 1

nd

nsth aglufdh cdbcah

bnsagfpgsturh

tgthl g

fhdtndcfcndtg

arætcag)

uA"

"[u

h

lh bnrnamh bn

lgs

sc`dgs fgdnthrcgs,

nd

lh

ahjnzh bn lhs

aglufdhs, bndgthd arcscs

y

fhdtndcfcndtg

prnvndtcvg,

rnspnatcvhfndtn.

Lh

aglufdh

jhig

"MR['

agdtcndn

lhs mgrhs

bn

phrg.

Lh aglufdh

h

lh

bnrnamh,

agd nl

ndahjnzhbg "51;-H", agdtcndn

lgs dùfnrgs

bn

lhs

sglcactubns bn fhdtndcfcndtg, agd

lg

qun

sn

aundth agd

lh

pgscjclcbhb

bn

udh

cdegrfhacñd

fès agfplnth

ybnthllhbh,

nd

ahsg

dnanshrcg,

rnaurrcndbg

h

lhs

sglcactubns

bn

trhjhig

agrrnspgdbcndtns.

Fhrjntn

fntèlcag D;

ALHUN

ZA[

AHRN@GZCH

BN

RZHJHIG

MGZHQ

FHDG

BN[R. F.F. ZN[ AG Aee

ENAMH

BN

RZHJ, RZHJ.

A

;5.

0>;

8:>183

:;: 1

;:-;:

:,;

0>; 8:>183

>;; 8

;:.;:

1.;

0>;

8:>183

ll`

1 ;:-;:

:.;

C

0>; 8:>183 2;:

8

;:-;:

8.;

,

0>;

8:>183

8;5

C

;:-;: >,;

0>;

8:>183

2;8

8

;:-;:

:.;

0>;

r:>1r`

C12 8

gz-gz 0.>

0>; 8:>183

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1 ;:-;:

:.; C

0>;

8:>183

2;2 C

;:-;:

2.;

0>;

8:>183

:;: C

;:.;:

2.;

803.;

82;,;

MGZHQ

BN

RCNF[G BN

[HZG

FHR

Q[ RGRHL QA M.R.[. 51;.H

[

FHR

QA

8:

2

1:

C

1;

85

t5

>0>

2

1:

C

1;

85

85

02 523

:.;

>313>

>=22=

8.;

zgggel

0>301

0>300

5=8

>2

5=2;3

0>002

2=10;

2=2>0

85.;

8:

18



FHDRND

CF

C NDRG [ZNUNDRCUG

aÈLauLg

BN

agsrgs

BNL

FHDRNDRF¡NDRg

pZNvNDRtvg

@gstg

bnl acalg

bn vcbh

(AAU)

AAU

6

AC+DS(AG+AF+A[)

LAA

6

Agstgbnlacalgbnvcbh

(agstñbnprgpcnbhb).

Al

6

Agstgbncdvnrscñd,

AG

6

Agstghduhlbngpnrhacñd.

AF

6

Agstghduhlbnfhdtndcfcndtg.

AQ

6

Agstghduhlbntcnfpgsbnphrhbh.

DS

6

Dùfnrg

bn

høgs

phrh

nl

aèlaulg.

Agstgbn

cdvnrscñd

Al

6

ACF+AlJ+AlE+AlZ+AlM+AlB+5¡¡

Al 6

Agstgbncdvnrscñd.

ACF

6

Cdvnrscñd

bn nqucpgs

phrh

prgbuaacñd,

fnaèdcags,

nlãatrcags

n

cdstrufndtgs.

ACJ

6

ldvnrscgdnsndnbcecacgsyvæhs.

ACE

6

ldvnrscgdns

nd cdsthlhacgdns nlãatrcahs.

ACZ

6

Cdvnrscñd

nd

rnpunstgs.

ACM

6

Cdvnrscñd

nd

mnrrhfcndths

y

nqucpgs

phrh

fhdtndcfcndtg.

'AlB

6

Cdvnrscñd

nd

bgaufndthacñd

ACN

6

ldvnrscñd

nd ndtrndhfcndtg.

Agstgs

hduhlns

bn gpnrhacñd

AG 6

AG[+AGN+AGF+AGR+AGN

AG[

6

Agstgs

bnl

pnrsgdhlbn

gpnrhacñd.

AGN

6

Agstgsbnndnr`æh.

AGF

6

Agstgs

bn fhtnrchlns bn

gpnrhacñd.

AGR

6

Agstgs bn trhdspgrtn.

AAN

6

Agstgs

bn ndtrndhfcndtg agdtcdug bn

lgs

gpnrhbgrns.

Agstg hduhl

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg

AF

6

A[A+A[[+AZA+AZ[+AMA+AM[+AAA+AA[+AN[

A[A

6

Agstg

bn

pnrsgdhl,

fhdtndcfcndtg

agrrnatcvg.

A[[

6

Agstg

bn

pnrsgdhl,

fhdtndcfcndtg

prnvndtcvg.

AZA

6

Agstg

bn

rnpunstgs,

fhdtndcfcndtg

agrrnatcvg.

AZ[

6

Agstg

bn rnpunstgs, fhdtndcfcndtg

prnvndtcvg.

AMA

6

Agstg

bn mnrrhfcndths, fhdtndcfcndtg

agrrnatcvg.

AM[

6

Agstg

bn mnrrhfcndt¡hs, fhdtndcfcndtg

prnvndtcvg.

AAA

6

Agstg

bn agdtrhtg

bn Rnrjnrgs,

fhdtndcfcndtg

agrrnatcvg.

AA[

6

Agstg

bn

agdtrhtgs

bn

Rnranrgs,

fhdtndcfcndtg

prnvndtcvg.

AN[

6

Agstg

bn ndtrndhfcndtg

bnl

pnrsgdhlbn

fhdtndcfcndtg.

Agstg hduhl

bn tcnfpgs

bn

phrhbh

AQ

6

DRxRF[xA[[

DR

6

Dùfnrg

bn

vnans

pgr

ud

høg

qun

nl nqucpg

sn

phrh

pgr

fhdtndcfcndtg.

FBR

6

Rcnfpg

bn

phrhbh

prgfnbcg.

A[[

6

Agstgs

bn

lh pnrbcbh

bn prgbuaacñd

pgr mgrh.

1:



FHDRND

C F CNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

Bntnrfcdhacñd

bnl

dcvnl

ñptcfg

phrh

ud

eudacgdhfcndtg

nagdñfcag bn

lh eèjrcah

Nl

læfctn

bnlagstg bn

fhdtndcfcndtg ns

lh ahdtcbhb

qun

dg

nxanbh nlagstg agfjcdhbg hatuhl

bn

bnspnrbcacg fès

nl

tcnfpg

bn

phrg fès bntnrcgrg nxanscvg

y

rnpgscacñd prnfhturh

bn

nqucpg

`hsthbg.

Hmgrh

jcnd, nl

dcvnl

ñptcfg

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg

phrh

udh cdsthlhacñd

bntnrfcdhbh,

ns

nl

pudtg

nd nl

agstg

agfjcdhbgs bn

fhdtndcfcndtg,

tcnfpg

bn

phrg,

bnspnrbcacgs,

rnpntcacgdns

y

bntnrcgrg

prnfhturg,

sgd fædcfgs.

Lh

egrfh bn

prnacshr

nl fgdtg ñptcfg bn fhdtndcfcndtg

sn

nxpgdn nd lh ec`urh

8.

Qc lgs

agstgs agfjcdhbgs

sn

ndaundtrhd

h

lh czqucnrbh

bnl

pudtg

fædcfg bn lh aurvh,

qucnrn

bnacr

qun

nl

fhdtndcfcndtg

ns

nxh`nrhbg.

Lh

pgscacñd

bnl

pudtg

fædcfg

bn lh

aurvh

bnpndbnrè

bn

lh

egrfh

bn

lhs gtrhs bgs? scd

nfjhr`g,

phrh

ecdns

prèatcags,

bnjnfgs

supgdnr qun nl fædcfg sn ndaundtrh nd

nl

pudtg nd

nl

qun

nl

agstg

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg

ns

c`uhl

h

lgs

agstgs

bn

tcnfpg bn

phrg,

bnspnrbcacg, nta.

@hdt¡bhb

bn ñptcfh

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg

Ec`.

C

11

g

g

¡-

eu

-

X

N

a

g

g

{r,

g

g

g



FHDRND

CFCNDRG [ZNUNDRCUG

L^JZCAHACÑD

.

[ZCDAC[CGQ

Lujrcahacñd

Qgd sustchdachs ahphz bn

bcsfcducr nl rgzhfcndtg ndtrn bgs supnrecacns nd fgvcfcndtg.

Qus

ecdns

sgd,

prcdacphlfndtn,

bgs

9

8 .- Bcsfcducrnl

agnecacndtn

bn rgzhfcndtg.

:.-

Hatuhr

agfg fnbcg

bcspnrsgr bnl ahlgr

prgbuacbg.

Hbnfès,

agd

ãlsn

agdsc`und

lgs

sc`ucndtns gjintcvgs snaudbhrcgs9

h.-

Znbuacr

bns`hstn

pgr

ergthfcndtg.

j.- Bcsfcducrg

nvcthr

lh

agrrgscñd.

a.-Hufndthrlh

nsthdquncbhb

nd

acnrtgs gr`hdgs

(aclcdbrgs,

sn`fndtgs,

iudths,

nta).

b.-

Nlcfcdhr

g

trhslhbhr snbcfndtgs

y

phrtæaulhs pnriubcachlns.

Nl

prcdacpcg

jèscag bn lh lujrcahacñd

ns9

Lh

prnvndacñd

bn agdtchatg

bn fnthl,

pgr

fnbcg bn

udh

ahph

cdtnrfnbch

bn fhtnrchl elucbg

g

phrnacbg

h

elucbg?

rnbuacndbg

lh

ercaacñd h

ud

`rhbg

fædcfg

hl

sustctucrsn

lh ercaacñd

sñlcbh

pgr

lh

ercaacñd elucbh.

Rhfjcãd

sn

agdgan agfg lujrcahacñd

hl

prcdacpcg

bn

sgpgrthr udh

ahr`h

bnslczhdtn sgjrn

udh

pnlæaulh

bn

ercaacñd rnbuacbh.

Lh

sust¡hdach qun

agdegrfh

lh

pnllaulh

ns ud

lujrcahdtn

y

hplcahrlg

ns

lujrcahr.

s

5

g,r{(

)^s

12



FHDRND CFC

NDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

L^JZCAHDRNQ

Lgs lujrcahdtns

sgd susthdachs

læqucbhs,

phstgshs

g

sñlcbhs

qun

bcsfcduynd nl rgzhfcndtg

ndtrn bgs

supnrecacns

nd

agdthatg.

Rgbgs

lgs læqucbgs

nd acnrtg

fgbg, ehaclcthø

lh

lujrcahacñd

pnrg

hl`udgs lg

mhand fuamg fnigr

qungtrgs.

(Ec`s.

8-2, 8-Jy

8-A)

Ec`. 8-H

Ec`. C

-A

El`.

8-J

Lh

bcenrndach ndtrn ud fhtnrchl lujrcahdtn

y

gtrg,

ns agd ernaundach

lh bcenrndach ndtrn

nl

ãxctg

agd

qun

sn

gpnrh

udh

fèqucdh

g su

erhahsg.

Nl

fnraurcg

pgr

ninfplg, ahrnan

bn

hbmnscñd

g

bn

lhs

prgpcnbhbns

bn

fgihr

nl

fnthl,

prgpcnbhbns

ãsths

qun

sgd bnsnhjlns

phrh

agdsnrvhr

ud

lujrcahdtn

nd

agdthatg ædtcfg agd

lh

supnrecacn

bnl fnthl

qun

ãstn

bnjn

prgtn`nr.

Nl

hlagmgl,

pgr

gtrh

phrtn,

h

pnshr

bn

qun

dg

fgih lh

supnrecacn

bnl

fnthl

rèpcbhfndtn,

ns

bnfhschbg bnl`hbg

phrh

fhdtndnr udh

pnlæaulh

lujrcahdtn

bn

hbnauhbg nspnsgr, nd

hplcahacgdns agdvndacgdhlns.

Nl`hs,

gtrg elucbg, gernan

pgscjclcbhbns

lujrcahdtns bn

namg nlhcrn

agfprcfcbg

mh scbg ushbg

agfg lujrcahdtn

phrh

prgpñsctgs

fuy nspnachlns.

[nrg

dcd`udg

bn

ãstgs

elucbgs

punbnd

snr

agdscbnrhbgs, lujrcahdtns

prèatcags

phrh

lh

fultctub bn rnqunrcfcndtgs

qun

grbcdhrchfndtn

sn

sglcacthd.

1>



FHDRND C

F C NDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

Lgs

lujrcahdtns.-

Qn

bcvcbnd9

l.

[gr su

grc`nd

ll.

[gr

su nsthbg

lll.

[gr

su hplcahacñd9

Ec`. 2

Lujrcahdtns

Dhturhlns9

Ndtrn

nllgs

sn

punbnd

acthr9

6

8.-

Dhturhlns

:.-Hrtcecachlns

6

8.-

Læqucbgs

(hanctns

lujrcahdtns)

(Ec`

.:)

:.- [hstgsgs

(vhsnlcdhs

y

`rhshs

lujrcahdtns) (Ec`.

1)

1.-

Qñlcbgs

(jrnh,

nta.)

-

WWNc`,1W

8

.- Lujrcahdtns

ldbustrchlns

(Ec`

.2)

:.- Lu

jrcah dtns Rrh

dsf cscgdns

1.-

Lu

jrcahdtns

Hutgfgtrcans

2.-

Lujrcahdtns Fhrcdgs

(Ec`,

>)

>.

-

Lu

jrcahdtns

Hvchacñd

h)

Aunrpgs

`rhsgs

dhturhlns

j)Hanctn bn

aglzh

a)Hanctn bn

phlfh

b)Hanctn bn spcdbln

bn

pntrñlng

n)

[ntrñlng lhfphdtn

e)

@rhectg

`)

Jcsuleurg

bn

fglcjbndg

Ec`.:

Ec`.

>

15



FHDRND

CF

C NDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

Eudacgdns bn

lgs lujrcahdtns

Lh

snlnaacñd

y

hplcahacñd

bn

lgs lujrcahdtns nstè

bnshrrgllhd.

Nd fuamgs

ahsgs udh

eudacñd rnsulth

lh

fcndtrhs

qun nd

gtrhs

mhy ud

jhlhdan

bn

eudacgdns.

Lhs eudacgdns bnl

lujrcahdtn

sgd9

h) Eudacgdns

bn agdtrgl

8

.

Agdtrgl

bn

lh ercaacñd

:.

Agdtrgl

bnl

bns`hstn

1.

Agdtrgl

bn

lh

tnfpnrhturh

2. Agdtrgl

bn

lh

agrrgscñd

bntnrfcdhbh

pgr

lhs eudacgdns

qun

fès cfpgrthdtn

gphahdbg

h lgs

bnfès

Fndgr

eu

nrzh.

Fndgr

bns`hstn.

Fndgr

ahlgr.

Fndgr agrrgscñd.

j)

Eudacgdns

bn

haacñd

8 . Hcslhdtn

(Nlãatrcag)

-

(Ec`.

5)

:.Rrhdsfcscñd

bn

pgtndach (mcbrèulcag)

-

(Ec`

.0)

1.

Agfg

hfgrtc`uhbgr.

2.

Znfgvnr agdthfcdhdtns.

>.

Egrfhr ud snllg.

Ec`. 5

Ec`.

0

Lh cdtnrbnpndbndach

bn

lhs

eudacgdns

punbn

nxplcahrsn nd

ud

ninfplg9

^d

lujrcahdtn

qun

gernan

ud

pgjrn

agdtrgl

bn

lh

ercaacñd

dg

pgbrè

agdtrglhr hbnauhbhfndtn

nl

bns`hstn

y

hufndthrè

su tnfpnrhturh?

bcsfcducrè

su vcsagscbhb,

rnqunrcrè

suspndbnr

fès

agdthfcdhdtns,

sn

gxcbhrè, nta.

Ec`.

=

Ec`.

3

10



FHDRND

C FC NDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

GJINR¡UGQ

BN L^JZCAHACÑD

Nd

tgbh fèqucdh

nl lujrcahdtn

aufpln

agfntcbgs

bcenrndtns

ndtrn

nllgs9

h)

Fhdtndnr

snphrhbhs

lhs supnrecacns `un

nstèd

nd fgvcfcndtg

y

nvcthr nl

agdthatg

bcrnatg

bn

fnthl

agd

fnthl.

(Ec`.

8)

Qc bgs

supnrecacns

snahs nstèd nd agdthatg

y

mhy

udh eunrzh

ndtrn

nllhs

sn

grc`cdh udh

ercaacñd

auhdbg

sn

bnslczh

udh supnrecacn

sgjrn

lh

gtrh,

Lh

eunrzh

bn

ercaacñd

qun

sn gpgdn

hl

fgv¡fcndtg

ns

bcrnathfndtn

prgpgracgdhl

h

lh

eunrzh

qun

fhdtcndn

udcbhs

lhs

supnrecacns

nd agdthatg

y

Ch ahr`h

sgpgrthbh.

Nsth

tunrzh

bn

ercaacñd

sn

agdv¡nrtn

nd ahlgr

y prgbuan

nl bns`hstn

bn

lhs

pcnzhs.

Hl

cdtnrahlhr

udh

pnlæaulh

bn hanctn ndtrn

lhs supnrecacns

bcsfcduyn

nl

vhlgr

bnl

agnecacndtn

bn

ercaacñd

y, pgr

lg

thdtg bn

lh

eunrzh

bn

ercaacñd.

j)

Qnllhr

g

mhanr

nsthdqun

nd

lgs

a¡l¡dbrgs bnl fgtgr.

H

phshr

bn

lgs

hd¡llgs

bnl ãfjglg ninrand

udh agdscbnrhjln

prnscñd

sgjrn

lhs

phrnbns

bn

lgs

aclcdbrgs

g ahfcsnths

y

qun

lhs

supnrecacns

(hdcllgs -

aclcdbrgs)

nstèd

ecrfnfndtn

hahjhbgs

y

hiusthbgs,

gaurrcrèd eu`hs

g nsahpns bn

`hsns

h

fndgs

qun

sn

prgvnh

bn

ud

fnbcg

qun

nenatùn

udh haacñd

snllhdtn hbnauhbh

phrh

lg

auhl

sn rnqucnrn

bn ud

elucbg

vcsagsg

ndtrn lhs

ahrhs bn lgs hdcllgs

y

aclcdbrgs,

y

ndtrn lgs

hdcllgs

y

rhdurhs

bn

lgs

ãfjglgs.

(Ec`

.:)

El`. C

El`.:

a) Nxtrhnr

nl

ahlgr bn hqunllhs

pcnzhs qun

dg

punbnd

snr rnerc`nrhbhs

bcrnathfndtn.

[grninfplg

nxtrhnrnl

ahlgrbnlegdbg bn

lgs

pcstgdns.

1=



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

EZCAACÑD

[GZ

BNQLCYHFCNDRG

S ZGBHFCNDRG

Lh

ercaacñd ns lh rnscstndach

hl

fgvcfcndtg ndtrn bgs supnrecacns

auhlqucnrh

nd

agdthatg

udh

agd

lh

gtrh.

Nl

mgfjrn

mh

agdgacbg lh ercaacñd bnsbn nlagfcndzg

bnl

fudbg.

Auhdbg

ergtñ bgs

phlgs

ndtrn sæ

phrh

prgbuacr

eun`g

utclczñ lh ercaacñd.

Nsth

eun

udh ercaacñd

agdvndcndtn.

Qcd

nfjhr`g auhdbg nd dunstrh

fhqucdhrch

cdbustrchl

gaurrn

nstn fcsfg

`ãdnrg

bn

ercaacñd,

dg

ns

agdvndcndtn.

Bnstluyn lh

nenatcvcbhb

bnl

nqucpg

pgrbns`hstn,

ahlgry

rnbuaacñd

bn

vcbh.

Nsth

ns

lh

ercaacñd

qun

jusahfgs

vndanr agd

lh

lujrcahacñd.

Ec`.8

EZ|AA|ÑD

[GZ BNQLCYHFCNDRG

@ãdnrgs

bn ercaacñd

Lgs

hdtcùgs

ndagdtrhjhd

qun

sn

dnanscthjhd

ud

`rhd

nseu

nrzg

phrh

nfpuihr g

hrrhstrhr udh

pcnzh pnshbh

pgr

nl

sunlg thl agfg sn

hprnach

nd

lh

Ecùrh

8..

Lun`g

ndagdtrhrgd

qun

nrh

fuamg

fès

eèacl

nl mhanr

rgbhr lh

pcnbrh,

agfg sn

funstrh

nd

lh Ecùrh:.

C'

eec\\\St

\

t

13

Ec`.:

EZRAAÃD [GZ ZGBHFRNDRG



FHDRND

CFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

Alhsns

bn

ercaacñd

rr.¡clt

W.

El`. 1

EZCAACÑD

[GZ

BNQLCYHFRNDRG Nt

fhygr

nseunrzg.

Ec`.

2

EZC@ACÑD

[GZ

ZGBHFCNDRG

Fndgr

nseunrzg.

Nl

mgfjrn

bnsaujrn

fès thrbn

qun

ud

trgdag

ns

ahs¡ cfpgscjln

bnslczhrlg,

agfg sn vn

nd lh

Ec`.1.

El`.

> EZCAACÑD

EL^CBH

Nt

fndgr nseunrzg.

@uhdbg

sn ln

pgdeh

hl ræg,

agfg

sn vn nd

lh Ec`

>,

nl fgvnrlg

nrh ud

iun`g

bn dcøgs

nd

agfphrhacñd

agd

lg

hdtnrcgr.

@gd

nl

trgdag

nd

nl

ræg,

vnfgs

lh

ercaacñd elucbh

nd haacñd

pgr

prcfnrh

vnz.

Nl mnamg

bn

qun

nltrgdag

nstè

elgthdbg

nd

ñl

"ùh

dg

ns

nl

pudtg

alhvn.

Auhdbg

nlhùh

sn

cdtnrpgdn

ndtrn nl trgdag

y

nl

lnamg

bnl ræg,

lh

ùdcah

eunrzhqun

rnscstn

hl

fgvcfcndtg

bnl trgdag

ns lh

rnscstndach

bn udh

phrtæaulh

bn hùh bnslczèdbgsn

sgjrn

lh

gtrh.

Nsth rnscstndach

ns

fuamg

fndgr

qun

lh

ndagdtrhbh auhdbg

nl trgdag

sn

nsthjh

bnslczhdbg

nd

agdtchatg

bcrnatg agd

nl

sunlg.

,g0

t

eec

*,

hr

#,

z892h

eec

2;



FHDRND

CFCNDRG [ZNUNDRCUG

Lh ercaacñd sn

alhscecah

nd bgs

tcpgs9

Ercaacñd Qñlcbh,

qun

punbh

snr

pgr

bnslczhfcndtg

g

rgbhfcndtg,

y

Ercaacñd Elucbh.

Rcpgs

bn ercaacñd

sñlcbh9

Auhdbg

dg mhy

lujrcahacñd

sn

prgbuanercaacñd

pgrbnslczhfcndtg.

Ercaacñd

pgr

bnslczhfcndtg

Qn

prgbuan

auhdbg

bgs supnrecacns

sn

bnslczhjhd

udh sgjrn gtrh

scd

lujrcahacñd,

agfg

nd ud

agicdntn

sndacllg, g

ndtrn ud

pcstñd

y

nlaclcdbrg.

Nd lh ercaacñd sñlcbh,

bgs supnrecacns

bn

fnthl,

cdalusg sc nstèd jcnd

pulcbhs,

sn

vnrèd

hl

fcargsagpcg

qun

nstèd

egrfhbhs

pgr

mndbcburhs

y

shlcndtns, agfg

nd

lh ec`urh 5.

Qc nsths

bgs supnrecacns

sn

bnslczhd

udh sgjrn gtrh

nd

nsthbg snag,

scd

lujrcahacñd,

ãsths mndbcburhs

y

shlcndtns tndbnrèd

h

ndtrnlhzhrsn

y

h`hrrhrsn.

rrn g

rZraaÃD

[gZ

BNQLtzHFtNDRg

Lnyns

bnl

rgzhfcndtg

pgr

bnslczhfcndtg.

.

Lh eunrzh bn

rgzhfcndtg

tcndn ud

vhlgr

qun

ns bcrnathfndtn

prgpgracgdhl

h

lh

eunrzh

dgrfhl.

(Ec`.0)

.

Lh eunrzhbn

rgzhfcndtg

dg

bnpndbn

bnl èrnh bn

lhs

supnrecacns

nd

agdthatg.

Lheunrzhbn

rgzhfcndtg

ns

cdbnpndbcndtn

bn

lh vnlgacbhb

bnlaunrpg nd

fgvcfcndtg.

Lh

eunrzh

bn

rgzhfcndtg bnpndbn

bn

lh dhturhlnzh

bn

lhs

supnrecacns

nd

agdthatg

(ns

fndgr

phrh

supnrecacns

fuy

pulcbhs

y

fhygr

phrh

supnrecacns ru`gshs).

Nl

rgzhfcndtg

pgr

bnslczhfcndtg

ns

fhygr

qun

nl

rgzhfcndtg

pgr

rgbhburh.

Qupnrecacns bn

@gdthatg

El

Hanrg sgjrn hanrg

[cnbrh

sgjrn

pcnbrh

Agjrn sgjrn

agjrn

Ucbrcg

sgjrn

vcbrcg

Rnelñd

sgjrn hanrg

Fhbnrh

sgjrn

fhbnrh

c`.

0

28



FHDRND

CFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

EZCAACÑD

[GZ

ZGBHFCNDRG

Qn

prgbuan

rgbhburh

auhdbg ud rgbcllg, udh

runbh

g udh

nsenrh runbhd

sgjrn udh

supnrecacn,

y

lhs

phrtns

nd

agdthatg suernd

bnegrfhacgdns.

Hsæ,

alhrhfndtn

sn

pnracjn

nl hamhthfcndtg

bn

lhs llhdths

bn

hutgfñvcl

nd

agdthatg agd

nl

sunlg? lg

fcsfg

suanbn,

hudqun

nd

fndgr

`rhbg,

agd

lhs runbhs

bn udh lgagfgtgrh

sgjrn

rcnlns,?.u

Nsths'^negrfhacgdns

qun

sn

prgbuand

fcndtrhs

lgs

aunrpgs

runbhd grc`cdhd

eunrzhs

agdtrhrchs

hl

fgvcfcndtg

qun

sn

llhfhd

rgzhfcndtg

pgr

rgbhburh.

Nl

agnecacndtn bn rgzhfcndtg

pgr

rgbhburh ns

fuamg

fndgr

qun

nl agnecacndtn

pgr

bnslczhfcndtg.

[gr nsth

rhzñd lgs

vnmæaulgs sn hpgyhd

sgjrn

runbhs.

Nl rgzhfcndtg

pgr

bnslczhfcndtg

nd lgs nins

sn trhdsegrfh nd rgzhfcndtg

pgr

rgbhburh

auhdbg

sn

aglgahd

rgbcllgs

g

nsenrhs pulcbhs bn hanrg

(jcllhs)ndtrn

nl

nin

y

nl

agicdntn. Gaurrn

auhdbg

ud

aunrpg aclædbrcag

g nseãrcag

runbh

sgjrn

gtrh supnrecacn,

agfg

nd lgs

fgbnrdgs

agicdntns

bn

jglhs

y

rgbcllgs.

[hrh vndanr

nsth ercaacñd dnanscthfgs

fndgs

eunrzh

qun

phrh

lh

bn

bnslczhfcndtg.

(Ec`.

=)

rlnh rdraa¡ñD

[gZ

ZgBHFRNDRg

Undthihs

bnl

rgzhfcndtg.

.

@rhachs

hl

rgzhfcndtg,

pgbnfgs

ahfcdhr,

cfpulshdbg

udg

bn dunstrgs

pcns

(nlqun

nstè

nd agdthatg

agd nlsunlg)

mhach htrès.

.

@rhachs

hl rgzhfcndtg,

lhs

runbhs

punbnd rgbhr,

nenatuhr

fgvcfcndtgs aurvclædngs sgjrn

Ch

supnrecacn.

Qc lh

pcsth

nsth fgihbh,

agd

pntrñlng

g

agd

hanctn,

nlvnmæaulg

rnsjhlhrè

sgjrn

sus runbhs,

g

snh

qun

phtcdhrè

scd

pgbnr

bhr

lh

aurvh

shlcãdbgsn

bn lh

pcsth,

pgrqun

lh

eunzhbn

rgzhfcndtg

sn

mhjrè fcdcfczhbg

mhsth

lln`hrh

anrg.

.

@rhachs

h

lh ercaacñd,

lgs

hvcgdns

punbnd

hbqucrcr lh vnlgacbhb

dnanshrch

phrh

lnvhdthr

vuneg

y punbnd

hscfcsfg,

bntndnrsn

hlhtnrrczhr.

.

Rhfjcãd

`rhachs

h

lh ercaacñd,

pgbnfgs

cdarusthralhvgs

nd lhs

phrnbns.

Bnsvndthihs

bnl

rgzhfcndtg.

.

Bnjcbg

hl rgzhfcndtg lgs

aunrpg sn bns`hsthd

y

pgr

agdsc`ucndtn

sn bntnrcgrhd,

fgtcvg

pgr

nl

auhl sn utclczhd

susthdachs lujrcahdtns agfg hanctns

v

`r7shs

qun

bcsfcduynd

nl

rgzhfcndtg.

.

[hrh

vndanr

lh

eunrzh

bn

rgzhfcndtg,

ns dnanshrcg nfplnhrtrhjhig.

Nltrhjhig

bn

lh eunrzh

bn rgzhfcndtg

sn

trhdsegrfh

nd

ahlgr.



FHDRND

C FCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

E

Er

tl

U

[v

Ercaa¡ñd

6

eunrzh

dgrfhl

(ninracbh

pnrpndbcaulhrfndtn

h

lh

supnrecacn

bn agdthatg).

6

eunrzh

phrh

vndanr

lh

ercaacñd.

6

agnecacndtn

bn

ercaacñd (bntnrfcdhbg fnbchdtn ndshygs).

6

vnlgacbhb

nd f/s.

6

pgtndach

bn

pnrbcbh

nd P.

8.-

Ercaa¡ñd

pgr

bnslczhfcndtg

Bn lh rnlhacñd

bn

lh

eunrzh

bn

ercaacñd

agd

lh eunrzh

dgrfhl

sn gjtcndn nl

agne¡acndtn bn

ercaacñd.

,

r

eunrzh

bn

ercaacñd

t·-

Agdalus¡ñd

Eunrzh bn

ercaacñd

Er

:.-Ercaa¡ñd

pgr

rgbhburh

Htnda¡ñd

Nd lgs

agicdntns

bn

ercaacñd

hatùh

lh eunrzhpgdbnrhl.

'(E

-

H'

p)

h

eun rzh dgrfhl

Qgjrn

lh

supnrecacn

bn

sgpgrtn

prgynathbh

(H6b.l)

Nl

aunrpg

qun

runbh

tcndn

qun

vndanr

udh rns¡stndach

bn

ercaacñd,

pgr

lg

qun

9

Fgfndtg

bnxtrñ`crg

6

fgfndtg lnvñ`crg

Ee

.e

6

p.

e

Er 6 E*

elr

Htndacñd

Nd

lgs agicdntns hdtcercaacñd

agrrnspgdbn

e

C

r

6

t'r

sn`ùd

ndsnøh

lh

nxpnr¡ndach

h

ud vhlgr

bn ;,;;:.

Agdalus¡ñd

Er6

E

.p'

r)

Qn

mhjlh

bn eunrzh

pgdbnrhl

auhdbg

udh fhsh

hatùh agfg eunrzh.



FHDRND

CFCNDRG [ZNUNDRCUG

1.

Znsufnd

[hrh lhs

ercaacgdns

pgr

bnslczhfcndtg

y

rgbhburh

vhln.

Eunrzh

bn

ercaacñd

Er6

e

g

tl

Er.

v

gtndach

bn

pnrbcbh

[v

6

2.

Ninfplg.

>. Ninfplg.

agnecacndtn bn ercaacñd

;,;1:

Qgluacñd

[v

6

Er6

Jusahdbg E

bhbg

Er

6

8:; D

tl .6

;,;1:

rhacgacdcg

prnvcg

mhy

qun

hplcahr

lh

egrfulh

`ndnrhl.

Er6

E.

Et

^d fuøñd

bn 8=oD

bn

eunrzh

pgrthdtn

tcndn

udh vnlgacbhb

bn :

,

Q f

/ s .

ahlauln

lh

pgtndach

bn

pnrbcbh

nd P

phrh

nl hpgyg

bn hanrg

sgjrn fnthl

hdtcercaacñd

(

¡r6

G,G+¡.

Jusahdbg

[v

bhbg

E

Er

U

6

8=;;;D rha¡gacdcg

prnvcg

6

;,;2

mhy

qun

hplcahr lh

egrfulh

`ndnrhl.

:,>f/s

`ndnrhl

bn

pgtndach.

Er

g

v60:;\l

g:,>f/s

6

8=;;P

e

g

El

6

I=;;

_t¡l

g

;,;2

6

0:;

D

Htndacñd.

[hrh

ud

agicdntn hdtcercaacñd

sn rnbuan

lh

pgtndach

bn

pnrbcbh

(yhqun

$llt

6:G)

h [vl:G.

Ahlaulhr

lh

eunrzh dgrfhl bn

udh

ahr`h

bn 8:;

Dnwtgd

qun

sn

bnslczh

agd

ud

agnecacndtn

bn

ercaacñd bn ;,;1:

E

6

Erlll

Er

6

8:;

8;,;1:

:,

eunrzh

dgrfhl

Qgluacñd

2

6

10>;D



FHDRND

CFCNDRG [ZNUNDRCUG

EGZFHACÑD BN LH [NLæA^LH

BN HANCRN

Auhdbg dg

nxcstn

lujrcahacñd,

pgbnfgs

nspnrhr

qun

sn

prgbuzah

nl

fcsfg

bns`hstn,

ahlgr

y

ecdhlfndtn

nl

fcsfg h`hrrgthfcndtg bn

lhs supnrecacns

nd

agdthatg nd

hfjgs

qhsgs,

pnrg

snrè

nd

rdndgr

`rhbg

qun

nd ahsg

bn

lh

ercaacñd

pgr

bnslczhfcndtg.

(Ec`.

8

)

Ec`. 8

Nstg

ahush bns`hstn,

nd`ndbrh ahlndthfcndtg,

"Qglbhburh"

y

ecdhlfndtn h`hrrgthfcndtg.

Nl rnsulthbg ns

hvnrchrpgragfplntg

nlagicdntn u

gtrhs

pcnzhs

bn lh

fèqucdh.

[hrh

agfphrhr

lh

ercaacñd

elucbh

agd

lh ercaacñd sñlcbh,

cdtrgbuacfgs

h

prnscñd

udh

pnlæaulh

bn

hanctn ndtrn bgs supnrecacns bn

fnthl,

lhs mndbcburhs

y

shlcndtns sn llndhrèd

bn

lhs

phrtæaulhs

bn hanctn ndtrn lhs bgs supnrecacns

agfg

phrh

prgbuacr

udh

eunrtn

pnlæaulh nspnsh, ndtgdans

nstgs bnsdcvnlns

sn

bnslczhd ndtrn

nllgs

scd

qun

sn

prgbuzah

ndtrnlhzhfcndtg,

agfg

sn

funstrh nd

lh

ecùrh

:.

Auhdbg

bcamhs

supnrecacns,

sn

fhdtcndnd

snphrhbhs

pgr

udh

pnlæaulh

elucbh, tndnfgs lg

qun

bndgfcdhfgs

Ercaacñd elucbh,

y

nsths

supnrecacns nstèd lujrcahbhs. Nd lh ecùrh : mh scbg

hfplchbh udh

phrtn

agfg sn gjsnrvh

nd

ecùrh 1

y

sn

punbn

hprnachr

lhs acdag

"ahphs"

bn

hanctn ndtrn

lhs

bgs supnrecacns

bn

rgzhfcndtg.

Fgstrhdbg

nl hanctn

nd ahphs

pgbnfgs

clustrhr

lg

qun

suanbn

auhdbg

nsths

supnrecacns bn

rgzhfcndtg sn

bnslczhd

udh

sgjrn

lh

gtrh.

8;

Lh

ahph

bn hanctn

qun

sn ,77unstrh agfg

C 9

Qn

hbmcnrn

h

lh

supnrecacn

bn

rgzhfcndtg

supnrcgr

y

sn funvn agd

nllh.

Lh

ahph bn hanctn

qun

sn

funstrh

agfg >

9

Qn

pn`h

h

lh

supnrecacn bn

rgzhfcndtg bn hjhig

y

sn bnspl

hzhagd nllh.

Lh

ahph bn

hanctn

qun

sn

funstrh nd lgs

dùfnrgs :,

1

y

2

9

sn

bnslczhd ndtrn

lhs

ahphs 8

y

>.

2>

1

<

2

;

EC@. :

.

Q^[NZECACNQ

BN

ZGYHFCNDRG

AGD

[NLCA^LH EL^CGN

EC@

1



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

Agfg

ninfplg

bn lg hdtnd-ñr,

hl bnsplhzhr lh supnrecacn

bn

rgzhfcndtg

supnrcgr

udgs bcnz

andtæfntrgs,

vhfgs

h vnr

agfg sn funvnd lhs

ahphs bn hanctn.

Qc

lh

supnrecacn

bn

rgzhfcndtg supnrcgr

sn

bnsplhzh bcnz andtæfntrgs mhach

lh

bnrnamh

ndtgdans lh

ahph bn

hanctn

"8"

sn fgvnrè

lh

fcsfh bcsthdach

hprgxcfhbhfndtn.

Lh

ahph

bn

hanctn

":"

rncgrrnrè

0 andtæfntrgs

y

fnbcg

hprgxcfhbhfndtn9

Lh

ahph

dùfnrg

"1"

sn

fgvnrè

>

andtæfntrgs sglhfndtn

y

lh

ahph

bn hanctn dùfnrg

"2"

sn

bnsplhzhrè

dhbh fès

qun

bgs andtæfntrgs

y

fnbcg mhach

lh

bnrnamh.

Lh

ahph

bn

hanctn dùfnrg

>, henrrèdbgsn h lh supnrecacn

bn rgzhfcndtg

cdenrcgr,

dg

sn

fgvnrè

nd hjsglutg.

Auhdbg nsths ahphs bn

hanctn

sn

bnslczhd

udh

sgjrn

lh

gtrh

lh ùdcah

ercaacñd

qun

tcndn lu`hr

ndtrn lhs

prgpchs

phrtæaulhs

bn hanctn. Nsths

phrtæaulhs

bn

hanctn

tcndnd

fndgs

rnscstndach

hl

bnslczhfcndtg

ndtrn nllhs

qun

lhs supnrecacns sñlcbhs.

[gr

lg

thdtg, agd

lh

lujrcahacñd

rnbuacfgs

h ud

`rhbg

fædcfg

sglhfndtn

lh

ercaacñd hl

sustctucr

lh

ercaacñd

sñlcbh

pgr

lh ercaacñd

elucbh.

Egcfhacñd

bn th

pnlæaulh

bn hanctn

(Ec`.2)

Nl

aucbhbg

agrrnatg

bn

udh fhqucdh cdaluyn

lh

lujrcahacñd

hprgpchbh.

Dhbh ahush

bhøg

y

bns`hstn

h

udh

fèqucdh

agd

fès rhpcbnz

qun

lh

ehlth bn udh

lujrcahacñd

hprgpchbh.

Lh rhzñd

phrh

nstg ns

qun

tgbhs lhs fèqucdhs

nd

gpnrhacñd tcndnd

pcnzhs

fntèlcahs

qun

`crhd

g sn bnslczhd nd gtrhs

pcnzhs

fntèlcahs

ernaundtnfndtn

h

hlths vnlgacbhbns

auhdbg

udh supnrecacn fntèlcah

sn

funvn

nd agdthatg

agd

gtrh supnrecacn

fntèlcah,

nl

fhtnrchl

fès

burg

agrthrè hl

suhvn

y

rnjhi

hrè

hl`g

bn nl.

Nsth

haacñd

bn bns`hstn

sn hufndth

pgr

nl

mnamg

bn

qun

dg

nxcstn

udh

supnrecacn

fntèlcah

qun

ns

ndtnrhfndtn

tnrsh.

Auhdbg

lhs supnrecacns

fntèlcahs

nd

agdthatg

sn

funvnd

h

udh

agd rnspnatg

h

gtrh,

lhs

shlcndtns

bn udh

supnrecacn

sn cdarusthd

nd'Chs

bnprnscgdns

bn

lh

gtrh. Nstg

tcndn h bntndnr nl

fgv¡fcndtg

y

sn

agdgan

agfg ercaacñd.

Hbnfès

bn cdtnrenrcr

agd

nl

fgv¡fcndtg

y

ahush

ahlgr

qun

bclhth

hl fnthl,

ahushdbg

agd

ernaundach

qun

lhs

phrtns

fñvclns sn

hthsqund.

Q¡ nl

ahlgr bn

ercaacñd

ns

lg

jhsthdtn

`rhdbn punbn

cdaluscvn rgfpnr

nl

prgp¡g

fnthl.

Qupntllaln

bnl

cllnthl

25

Ec`. 2



FHDRND

CFC NDRG [ZNUNDRCUG

BCQRHDACH

NDRZN [GDRHQ

,.H'

g

S

h

|e)

g

A

G

|r)

(e)

¡

A"

6

l

l\

NQX^NFHQ BN

FHX^CDHQ

ND@ZHQN

QNFHDHL

ND@ZHQN BCHZCG

Ulsgr bnl

pudtg

=

Bnpñsctg bn

rnag`cbh

bn

han¡tn,

nxtrhæjln

Brndhin

bn

hnctn

Nsqunfh

bn

Fèqucdh

qun

bnfunstrh

ud

bch`rhfh

tlpcag

bn ud

tgrdg

phrhlnlg,

cdbcahdbg

lh

ernaundach

y

lgs

pudtgs

bgdbn sn hplcah

lh

lujrcahacñd.

20



FHDRND

CFC

NDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

AHJNYHL

ECIG

js

\-

{¡r

\B

L^JZCAHACÑD

BNL

AHZZG

LGD@CR^BCDHL

'It

\¡¡+W

t

r.-,

(n)

./'

2=



FHDRND

C

FCNDRG [ZNUNDRCUG

NQX^NFH

BN

^DH JGFJH

BN ZNEZC@NZHDRN

ZNLGI

CDBCAHBGZ

[HZH

ZGQAHQ

23



FHDRND

CFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

AHZZG

RZHDQUNZQHL

S

Q^[NZCGZ

NQX^NFH

BN

^D aHJNYHL CvCÑvCC

>;



FHDRND

CFCNDRG [ZNUNDRCUG

RZND BN ND@ZHDHINQ

S

I^N@G

BN

Z^NBH

BNDRHBH

>8



C

FHDRNDCFCNDRg

pZNUNDRtvg

Btsnøg

BN

RHZINRH

BN

FHDRNDCFCNDRg

Z^RtDHZtg

FHDRNDCFCNDRG

Z^RCDHZCG

@gb.

Rhllnr

F@

^jca.

FHZ@H9

Fgbnlg9

Rc[g9

Qnrcn9

Dg

[HZRNQ

AGDB^ARG

L^JZCAHDRN

Gjsnrvhacgdns9

>:



FHDRND CFCNDRG [ZNUNDR¡UG

BCQNØG

BN

RHZINRH BN AGDRZGL

BN AHZ@H

BN

RZHJHIG

AHZ@H

BN

RZHJHIG

@gb, Rhllnr

^jca,

FHZAH9

Fgbnlg9

Rcpg9

Qnrcn9

HQC@DHaCÑd

BN

[Zg@ZHFHQ

MGZHQ HQC@DHa¡ÑR.¡

BN

[Zg@ZHFHQ

MGZHQ

EN@MH MGZHQ

Hauf. ENAMH

MGZHQ

Hauf.

>1



,'T'-'\t

l¡.

C

FHDRNDCFCNDRg

[ZNUNDRtvg

grsnøg

BN RHZINRH

BN

L^JZtaHalñtr¡

y

LtFptNzl

pnZlñglal

L^JZCAHACÑD

S

LCF[CNYH

[NZÑBCAHQ

Agb. Rhllnr

^jca.

FHZAH9

Fgbnlg9

Rcpg9

Qnrcn9

Dg [HZRNQ H

L^JZCAHZ

MGZHQ

AGDB^ARG

L^JZCAHDRN

AHFJCGQ

H

NENAR^HZ

MGZHQ

Gjsnrvhacgdns9

>2



FHDRND

CFCNDRG [ZNUNDRCUG

[ZNUNDACÑD

BN HA@CBNDRNQ HL

H[LCAHZ

LH

RHZINRH

BN FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG.

Lh

snùrcbhb nd nl thllnr fnaèdcag

Mhy

ud

vcnig rnerèd

qun

bcan9

"^d

jund trhjhihbgr ns ud trhjhihbgr

qun

tgfh sus fnbcbhs

bn

snùrcbhb". Nstg ns nspnachlfndtn

acnrtg nd

ud

thllnr fnaèdcag. Nd

ã8,

punbnd

gpnrhr

agd

hfjhs fhdgs mnrrhfcndths

y

fèqucdhs haacgdhbhs

pgr

eunrzh fgtrcz. Dcdùdh

bn nsths

mnrrhfcndths

y

fèqucdhs sgd snùrhs.

Qglhfndtn

mhy

gpnrhrcgs bnsaucbhbgs.

Qn

bnjnrè hprndbnr h ushr nl nqucpg

nd nl thllnr fnaèdcag

nd

egrfh

agrrnath

y

snùrh.

Lh

fhygr

phrtn

bn

lgs

haacbndtns sgd

gahscgdhbgs

pgr

mhanr

lhs agshs

nd

egrfh

nqucvgahbh, g

pgr

dg

snùcr agd tgbg

aucbhbg

lhs cdstruaacgdns

rnacjcbhs.

Agd

bnfhschbh

ernaundach,

lhs

pnqunøhs

agrthburhs

g

pnqunønans

bn thllnr,

h

lhs

qun

llhfhfgs

'Iun`gs

pnshbgs",

rnsulthd

ud

haacbndtn. Dg

ns cd`ndcgsg dc thfpgag

ns

bc`dg

bn fãrctg

mhanr

agshs

qun

gahs¡gdhd

haacbndtns.

Ns udh

jundh

cbnh

snù¡r nl

QGQ

bn

lh

Qnùrcbhb

"Qnh

Grbndhbg

y

Qnùrg".

Lh

fnigr egrfh

bn

agdsnùcr

nstg ns

lh bn

snù¡r aucbhbgshfndtn

lhs

cdstruaa¡gdns

bn

ahbh snaacñd

bn

nstn

fhduhl.

Ndagdtrhrhd su`nrndachs

sgjrn

snùrcbhb

h

trhvãs

bn

tgbg

su

agdtndcbg. (Ec`.

8

)

Znaunrbn

nstg9

"Lh

fhdnrh agrrnath

ns

lh

ùdcah egrfh

snùrh".

(Ec`.:)

LHs

g

Ec`.

8

er

r'/

q

,agd

lh

snùrcbhb

lgs

qancbndüns



RUCHDRND

C

F

C

NDRG

[ZNUN

DRCUG

[rnvndacñd

bn

haacbndtns

nd lh

hplcahacñd

bnl fhdtndcfcndtg prnvndtcvg

Burhdtn

lh

ninauacñd

bnl

prg`rhfh

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg

prnvndtcvg

sn

ùhrbhrè

tgbhs

lhs

dgrfhs

bn

snùrcbhb pnrtcdndtns

puns

nd

aunstcñd

bn

snùrcbhb dcdùdh

prnvndacñd

nstèbnfès.

Ninfplgs9

Qc bnjg

vnr¡ecahr

nl dcvnl

bn han¡tn

bn

hlùdh

ahih

bn

trhdsfcscñd

bnjg

mhanrlg

agd

lh

fèqu¡dh

phrhbh

y

bn

prnenrnda¡h

(Ec`.

1

)

fuamg

hdtns

bn

qun

agfcndan

h

trhjhihr.

Q¡

bnjn

rntcrhr

hlùdhs

ùhrbhs

bn

snùrcbhb

phrh

rnhlczhr

lh lujrcahacñd

g cdspnaacñd

pnr¡ñbcah?

bnjnrè

aglgahrlhs

nd

su

sctcg

hl tnrfcdg

bn

lh

lhjgr

bn lujrcahacñd

g

cdspnaacñd?

(E¡3.

2)

puns

pgbræh

bnihr

hl

bnsaujcnrtg

hl`ùd

fnahdcsfg

bn

trhdsfcscñd

qun

ndtrhræh

nd

agdthatg

bcrnatg

agd nl

pnrsgdhl.

¡

Nt

RZHJHI;

8{G NQRH

RNZFCC{HBG

QC

LGQ

ZNQ@^HZBGQ

8r;

NsRHl{ Nl{

Q^

R^@HZ

C

''DG

GLUCBNFGQ

NDRGDANQ

BN H[LCAHZ

QN@^ZCBHB

H

H'^NQRZH

LHJGZ"

CHRNDACGD

H

tHQ

HB'/NZRNDACHQC

--"

.L¡¡

(((,K,¡¡

Ec`.

1

Ec`.2

>5



FHDRND

CFCNDRG [ZNUNDRCUG

L^JZCAHDRNQ JCGBN@ZHBHJLNQ

^d

phsg

agdarntg

mhach lh

prgtnaacñd

hfjcndthl

(ZF. Znvcsth bn

Fhdtndcfcndtg

Amcln

Dg:8

Høg

833>

CQQG085-=585)

Nd

lgs ùltcfgs høgs,

mhd

nxcstcbg

prnscgdls

pùjlcahs y ùjnrdhfndthlns phrh

lh

prgtnaacñd

bn

dunstrg fnbcg hfjcndtn,

scndbg Amcln

nl

prcfnr phæs

h

dcvnl

lhtcdghfnrcahdg

qun

hprunjh udh

Lny

bnl

FnbcgHfjcndtn

`ndnrhbh

nd

nstrnamh aglhjgrhacñd

agd nl

snatgr

cdbustrchl.

Nstg bnih bn fhdcecnstg

qun

lh

vhrchjln

hfjcndthlbnjn snr cdtn`rhbh nd lhs nfprnshs agfg

ud cdbcahbgr

bn

pnsg

nd lh grcndthacñd

bn

sus

dn`gacgs,

nspnachlfndtn nd hqunllgs

qun

tcndnd bcrnath

rnlhacñd

g

nenatg

nd

nl

fnbcg hfjcndtn.

Rndnfgs nlahsg agdarntg bn

lgs

nqucpgs

mcbrèulcags

nd h`rcaulturh, agdstruaacñd, fcdnræh,

y

hplcahacgdns hauètcahs,

nd

bgdbn

lhs

hltnrdhtcvhs

bn

prgtnaacñd sgd

9

8 .-

Nqucphfcndtgs

qun

dg

punbnd

suercrecltrhacgdns g

bnrrhfns.

:.-Agdtcduhragd

agstgsgs

prgansgs

phrh

lh

bcsfcduacñd bn

lgs

nenatgs bhøcdgs bn

bnrrhfns

g

ecltrhacgdns, g

1.-

^shr elucbgs hfjcndthlns

hanpthjlns.

Bhbh lh nxcstndach

bn fuamgs

scstnfhs

mcbrèulcags agd ecltrhacgdns

(Ec`.

8),

y

scnfprn

prnsndtn pgtndachlbn

bnrrhfns

g rupturhs

bn fhdùnrhs,

lh

prcfnrh

gpacñd ns cfrèatcah. Lh

snùdbh

ns nagdñfcahfndtn

dg htrhatcvh.

Nstg bnih

lh

tnranrh gpacñd agfg

prnenrcjln, pnrg

ndtgdans sur`n

lh

prnùdth,

·Xuã

sc`dcecah hfjcndthlfndtn hanpthjlns7.

Gjvchfndtn, nl

elucbg mcbrèulcag

fès hanpthjln,

g hfc`hjln hfjcndthlfndtn dg bnjnræh

ahushr cfphatg.

Bnshegrtudhbhfndtn,

nl hùh

purh,

ns

nl ùdcag

elucbg

qun

aufpln

nstn

rnqucsctg,

pnrg

qun

dg aufpln agd

lgs

nstèdbhrns

bn

bnsnfpnøg

phrh

scstnfhs mcbrèulcags.

Ec`.

8

>0



FHDRND

CFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

@hrhatnræstcahs

bn ud elucbg

"Hfjcndthlfndtn

hanpthjln"

Ndtndbnfgs

pgr

elucbgs

hfjcndthlns

hanpthjlns, hqunllgs

qun

fhxcfcand

lh

jcgbn`rhbhj¡lcbhb

y

fcdcfcand

lh

tgxcacbhb

bnl h`uh.

Qn shjn

qun

lgs

elucbgs

h jhsn bn

'

hanctns

fcdnrhlns,

auhdbg

sn ecltrhd

g

bnrrhfhd

sgd

nvndtuhlfndtn

jcgbn`rhbhbgs,

pgr

lg

qun

dg

sgd

agdscbnrhbgs

fhtnrchlns rcns`gsgs.

(Ec`

.:)

[nrg

lg

qun

sn dnanscth,

ns

ud

elucbg

qun

sn

jcgbn`rhbh

fès

eèaclfndtn,

ns

agdegrfn

h

nstrcatgs

nstèdbhrns

bn

tgxcacbhb,

y

rnb uzah

brèstcahfndtn

nl cfphatg

hfjcndthl

bn

auhlqucnr

bnrrhfn

g ecltrhacñd,

Lh

sufh bnl ldtn`rg

ns

c`uhl

h lh

sufh bnl

tgthl

Et`.:

Lgs

nstèdbhrns

ecihbgs

phrh

lgs elucbgs

prgtnatgrns

bnl fnbcg

hfjcndtn,

sn

punbnd

bnecdcr

pgr

bgs tnst

bn gr`hdcsfgs cdtnrdhacgdhlns

rnagdgacbgs

h dcvnl

fudbchl9

udg, rnhlczhbg

pgr

nl

Bnphrthfndtg

bn [rgtnaacñd

hl Fnbcg Hfjcndtn

(N[H),

bn lgs

Nsthbgs

^dcbgs,

y

lh

Gr`hdczhacñd

phrh

lh

Aggpnrhacñd

y

nl

Bnshrrgllg

Nagdñfcag

bn

Nurgph?

nstgs fcbnd

lh

jcgbn`rhbhjclcbhb

nd tãrfcdgs

bnl tcnfpg bn agdvnrtcr

nl ahrjgdg

bnl

fhtnrchl

tnstnhbg

h

bcñxcbg

bn

ahrjgdg.

Nl nstèdbhr

pujlcahbg

bn agdvnrscñd

ns, bn

fndgs, 5;%

bnl

prgbuatg

h

bcñxcbg

bn

ahrjgdg

nd :=

bæhs. Nlgtrg, thfjcãd bn lh H`ndach

bn [rgtnaacñd

Hfjcndthl,

ush

truamhs

hrag

crcs

iñvndns,

udh

bn lhs egrfhs

bn

vcbh

hauètcah

fès sndscjlns

h lh

pgluacñd.

Qc

fès bn lh

fcthb bn

udh funstrh

bn

truamhs sgjrnvcvn

h

udh

fcsfh

bgscs fædcfh

bn 8;;;

phrtns pgr

fcllñd bn

ud elucbg,

pgr

fès bn

35

mgrhs,

nlelucbg

ns agdscbnrhbg

vcrtuhlfndtn

dgtñxcag

phrh

lgs

prgpñsctgs bn

lh

fndacgdhbh h`ndach.

Nstgs

nstèdbhrns

prgpunstgs,

cdfnbchthfndtn

rnthd

h

lhs cdbustrchs

bn

lgs

elucbgs

mcbrèulcags

agdvndacgdhlns.

Lgs

elucbgs mcbrèulcags cdbustrchlns

agd

jhsn

bn hanctn

y

fcdnrhlns,

hsæ agfg

elucbgs

bn trhdsfcscñd

y

hanctns bn fgtgr

nstèd

egrfulhbgs

nspnaæecahfndtn

phrh

rnscstcr lh

bn`rhbhacñd

pgr

lhr`g

tcnfpg

pnrg

su

bnsnfpnøg

sn

vn

ndahrnacbg

pgr

hbctcvgs

qun pgbræhd

agdtndnr

eèaclfndtn

agfpgdndtns tñxcags

phrh

lh el grh

y

ehudh.

(Ec`.

1)



FHDRND

CF

CNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

MGIH

BN

RZHJHIG

;8.

·Xuã

sctuhacgdns g

prgjlnfhs

ndagdtrhfgs nd lhs

nfprnshs rnspnatg hl

fhdtndcfcndtg

prnvndtcvg7

;:.-

·Auèlns

sgd lgs

prcdacphlns

gjintcvgs

bnlbnphrthfndtg bn fhdtndcfcndtg7

r

;1.-

·Xuã

bhtgs fès cfpgrthdtns sn agdscbnrh

nd lh

plhdcecahacñd

bnl

fhdtndcfcndtg7

;2.-

·Nd

quã

agdscstn

nl

fhdtndcfcndtg

fnaèdcag7

;>.-

·Xuã

cfpgrthdach

tcndn nlahfpg

bn haacñd

nd

nl

fhdtndcfcndtg7

;5.-

·Xuã

cfpgrthdach tcndn

lgs

agstgs

bn fhdtndcfcndtg7

;0.-

·Xuã

tcpgs bn

agstgs

nstè

cdvgluarhbg nd

nl

fhdtndcfcndtg7

;=.-

·Xuã

haacgdns jèscahs

sn

agdscbnrhd

phrh

udh jundh

`nstcñd

bn Agstgs7

';3.-

·Añfg

sn

bntnrfcdh

lh thrceh bn

lgs

nlnfndtgs

bn

agstgs7

8;.-

·Xuãecdnssn

agdscbnrhd

agd

lh

lujrcahacñd7

88.-

·Xuã

gjintcvgs snaudbhrcgs

sn

agdsc`un agd

lh

lujrcahacñd7

8:.-

·Añfg

sn

bcvcbn

lgs

lujrcahdtns7

81.-

·Xuã

bcenrndach

mhy

ndtrn

lh ercaacñd

pgr

bnslczhfcndtg

y

lh ercaacñd

pgr

rgbhfcndtg7

82.-

·[hrh

quã

sn

utclczh

lh

thrinth

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg

rutcdhrcg7

8>.-

Nlhjgrn

lhs

thrinths

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg

prnvndtcvg

bn ud

tgrdg mgrczgdthl9

h)

Egtgagpcn nl

bcsnøg

bn

thrinths

y

llndn

agd

lgs

bhtgs bhbgs bnltgrdg lh thrinth

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg

bn

rutcdhrcg, bn agdtrgl

bn

ahr`h bn trhjhig

y

bn Lujrcahacñd

y

lcfpcnzh

pnrcñbcah.

q

j)

ldspnaacgdn

lh

fèqucdh,

utclcan

nl

ahtèlg`g

y

fhduhl

bn cdstruaacgdns

phrh

nl

llndhbg bn

lhs

thrinths.

>3



C

FHDRNDCFCNDRg

[ZNvNDRtvg

FHDRNDCFCNDRG

Z^RCDHZCG

RGZDG

DHZBCDC

FQ.1>G

@gb.

Rhllnr

F@

^jca.

FHZAH9

Dg

[HZRNQ

AGDB^ARG L^JZC@HDRN

Gjsnrvhacgdns9

5;



FHDRND CFCNDRG [ZNUNDRCUG

Ninracacgs

8.- Lh fnsh

bn

udh anpcllhbgrh

sn sgfntn

h

8=;;D.

Ahlauln9

h)

lh eunrzh bn nfpuin

agd

6

X,85

(ercaacñd

bn hbmnrndach),

j) lh

eunrzh bn

'

fgvcfcndtgs

agd

tl

6;,;8:.

:.-

[hrh

fgvnr

lh

fnsh bn

udh

anpcllhbgrh

bn

:>;O3

bn

pnsg

sn

rnqucnrnd 85;D bn

eunrzh

trhaacñd.

Ahlauln nl

agnecacndtn

bn ercaacñd.

1.-

Qcndbg

nl agnecacndtn

bn

ercaacñd

bn ;,80

y

lh

eunrzh

bn trhaacñd bn 8>;D,

ahlauln lh

eunrzh

dgrfhl.

2.-

·Xuã

eunrzh

bn trhaacñd

fgvnr

udh

fhsh bn :2;O3

bn ercaacñd

bn ;

,8>7

>,5

sn

rnqucnrn

phrh

agd

ud agnecacndtn

Ahlauln

lh rnscstndach

hl bnslczhfcndtg

bn

ud

agicdntn

bn

ercaacñd

agd >;;

D

bn

eunrzh

pgrthdtn,

mhjcndbg

h)

udh

ercaacñd

snah

nd

nl

agicdntn

bn

lt

6;,;1

y

j)

udh

ercaacñd

lcqucbh

bn

E_

6;,;8

.

Nl agicdntn

bn ud èrjgl bn trhdsfcscñd

sn

sgfntn h

::;;D

.

·Auèl

ns lh rnscstndach

bn

ercaacñd

phrh

ud

agnecacndtn

bn ercaacñd bn ;,;>7

^d

`grrñd

bn

hpgyg

sn

sgfntn

h

udh

eunrzh

dgrfhl bn

8,:oD.

Qcndbg

nl

bcèfntrg

bn 5;ff

y

nl

agnecacndtn

bn

ercaacñd

;,;1,

·Auèl

ns

su

fgfndtg

bn

ercaacñd

nd

Df7

Nl

pcvgtn

bn ud fgtgr nlãatrcag bn

>;ff

bn

bcèfntrg

sn

sgfntn h

8>;;D

y

tcndn

ud

fgfndtg

bn

pãrbcbh

bn

8,=0>Df.

Ahlauln

su

agnec

acndtn

bn ercaacñd .

>.'

5.-

0.'

=.-

58



FHDRND

CFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

3.-

Lh

vnlgacbhb

pnrceãrcah

bn

bn bcèfntrg ns

bn

1,5f/s.

'

bn

rnvgluacgdns

bnl

èrjgl.

ud

èrjgl bn

=;ff

ahlauln

nl dùfnrg

8;.-

[hrh ud

èrjgl

bn

hanrg

bn 5;ff

agd agicdntn

bn jrgdan

sn

supgdn

ud agnecacndtn

bn

ercaacñd

bn

;,;2. Qcndbg

lh eunrzh

dgrfhl

bn

8=;;D

y

nl

dùfnrg

bn

rnvgluacgdns

822;

8lfcd.

Ahlauln lh

pgtndach

bn

pãrbcbh

nd P.

88

.-

·Auèl

ns

lh

pgtndach

bn

pãrbcbh

(vãhsn

nl

ninracacg

hdtnrcgr)

hl nfplnhr

ud agicdntn

hdtcercaacñd

bn

rnvgluacgdns

fnbcg

bn ercaacñd

bn

;

,;;:7

8:.- [hrh fuøñd

bn

=>ff sn

agdgand

lgs

sc`ucndtns

vhlgrns9

eunrzh dgrfhl

=;;;D,

dùfnrg

bn

rnvgluacgdns

::;

8/fcd,

pgtndach

bn

pãrbcbh

=8P.

Ahlauln nl agnecacndtn

bn

ercaacñd.

8:-82

---81e-·H-Xuã

d-ùf-nrg

bn

cnvglua¡gdns

tcndn ud

sgpgrtn bn

nin

bn 3;ff

agd

>;oD bn

eu

nrzh

pgrthdtn

udh

pgtndach

bn

pãrbcbh

bn 13; P7.

Nl agnecacndtn

bn ercaacñd

ns bn

;,;;:.

82.-

Nl

agicdntn bn udh

runbh

tcndn

h 3:;

l

lfcd udh

pgtndach

bn

pãrbcbh

bn

15=P,

Ahlauln

nl

fgfndtg

bn ercaacñd

nd

Df.

i

.'-'\g

l\r

5:



RHZNH

DG G:

FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

BN

uÈX^CDHQ

g

NLHJgZHZ

RHZINRH BN rDspNaalñu

pndrñBraH.

g

NLHJgZHZ

RHZINRH

BN ZNpgsra¡ñd¡

y

ZN[HZH@RñD.



NLNFNDRGQ

BN AGFHDBGQ

8.- Fhdcih

fhduhl

8

bn

ahfjcgs bn lh

ahih

bn vnlgacbhbns.

:.-

[hlhdah

bn

ldvnrscñd

bnl

ahrrg

lgd`ctubcdhl.

1.-

Fhdcih

fhduhl : bn lh

ahih

bn vnlgacbhbns.

2.-

Fhdcih

bnl

ahrrg

trhdsvnrshl.

>.-

[hlhdah bn ecihacñd

bn

lh

tgrrnth.

5.-

Fhdcih

bnl

ahrrg supnrcgr.

0.-

[hlhdah

bn

ecihacñd

bnl

ahjnzhl

fñvcl.

=.-

Fhdcih

bn lh

vglhdtn

bnl

ahjnzhl fñvcl.

3.- [hlhdah

bn

agfhdbg

bn

ndandbcbg

(phrtcbh,

rnvnrsg

y

phrhbh).

8;.-

Fhdcih bn lh vglhdtn bnl ahrrg lgd`ctubcdhl.

88

.-

[hlhdah

bn

nd`hstn bn

ecihacñd bn

lgs hvhdans

trhdsvnrshl

y

lgd`ctubcdhl.

8:.- Llhvn

bn

ndandbcbg

y

hph`hbg

`ndnrhl.

81.-

[hlhdahs

bn snlnaacñd

bn hvhdans

y

rgsahs.

82.- Llhvn

bn

ndandbcbg

y

hph`hbg bnl rnerc`nrhdtn.

8>.- Llhvn

bn haacgdhfcndtg

bn

hlth

y

jhih vnlgacbhb.

85.-

Jgtñd

bn

nfnr`ndach.

80.-

Jgtñd

bn haacgdhfcndtg

bn jhih

y

hlth

rgthacñd bnl fgtgr.

8=.- Jgtñd

bn

ndandbcbg

y

hph`hbg bnl rnerc`nrhdtn.

83.-

Jgtñd

bn ndandbcbg

y

hph`hbg bnl agpchbgr mcbrèulcag.

_fBlDC

Vt2

Dg

GZBND BN

NINA^ACÑD

MNZZHFCNDRHQ

/ CDQRZ^FNDRGQ

;8

;:

;1

;2

[rnphrn

lh

thrinth

bn

cdspnaacñd

pnrcñbcah

ldbcqun

lgs

pudtgs

bn

cdspnaacñd.

Llndn

lh thrinth.

.

Ninautn

Ch cdspnaacñd

pnrcñbcah,

-

Ahrtulcdh,

tcinrh,

rn`lh,

lhpcanrg.

-

Hanctnrh.

-

Nd`rhshbgrh

h

prnscñd.

-

Pcpn

g

trhpg

¡dbustrchl.

-

Llhvns

bn

jgah

y

bn

ahih.

-

Lujrcahdtn

læqucbg

(hanctn).

-

@rhsh

phrh

trhdsfcscñd.

-

@rhsh

phrh

rgbhfcndtgs.

;8 ;8

Rhrinth bn

ldspnaacñd [nrcñbcah

:8; x :30

Ahrtulcdh

[YH.

AHDR

BNDGFCDHACÑD

DGZFH

/

BCFNDQCGDNQ

,

FHRNZCHL

C

GJQNZUHACGDNQ

FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

BN

FHG^CDHQ

MR

;8

ZNE.

MG-;2

FNAHDCAG

BN FHDRNDCFCNDRG

RCNF[G9

;2 Mrs.

C

MGIH9

1

C

2

NQAHLH9

Q/N

C

:;;1



8.-

Agrrnhs

:.-

Hrhdbnlh

1.- Runrah

2.- Fglgr

(:,

>/>AU-5;M:)

>.-

[nrdg

5.-

Nin

0.- Amhscs

=.-

[nrdg

scd ahjnzh

(8/2"Px>

8=")

3.-

Am

hph

bn

ecihacñd

8;.- [glnh

88

. Nsphrrh`g

t

Dg GZBND

BN NINA^ACÑD

MNZZHFCNDRHQ

/

CDQRZ^FNDRGQ

;8

;:

;1

;2

[rnphrn

lh thrinth bn

lujrcahacñd

y

l¡fpcnzh

pnrcñbcah.

ldbcqun lgs

pudtgs

bn lujrcahacñd.

Llndn lh thrinth.

,

Ninautn

lh lujrcahacñd

y

lcf

pcnzh pnrcñbcah.

-

Ahrtulcdh, t¡inrh,

rn`lh, lhpcanrg.

-

Hanctnrh.

Nd`rhshbgrh h

prnscñd.

-

Pcpn

g

trhpg

cdbustrchl.

-

Llhvns

bn

jgah

y

bn

ahih.

Lujrcahdtn læqucbg

(hanctn).

-

@rhsh

phrh

trhdsfcscñd.

-

@rhsh

phrh

rgbhfcndtgs.

;8 ;8

Rhrinth

bn

Lujrcahacñd

y

Lcfpcnzh

[nrcñbcah.

:8; x :`0 Ahrtulcdh

[YH.

AHDR

BNDGFCruDACÑR.¡

DGZFH

/ BCFNDQCGDNQ FHRNZCHL

C

GJQNZUH@CGDNQ


BN

^ÈGüCDHQ

MR ;8

ZNE.

MG-;1

FNAÈDCAG

BN

FHDRNDCFCNDRG

R|NF[G9

2

Mrs.

C

MGIH9

2

C 2

NQ@HLH9 Q/N

|

:;;1



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

NLHJGZHZ

RHZINRH

BN CDQ[NAACÑD [NZCÑBCAH

Nsth

gpnrhacñd

agdscstn nd

prnphrhr

y

llndhr

lh

Rhrinth

bn ldspnaacñd

[nrcñbcah

hdgthdbg lgs

bhtgs tãadcags

bn

lh

fèqucdh

g

nqucpg

y

agd

hdtcacphacñd

mhanr

rnagrbhr

sgjrn

lhs

agrrnaacgdns

nd

lhs

gpnrhacgdns

bn

rnpgscacãd

y

rnphrhacñd

h trhvãs

bn

lhs cdspnaacgdns

nd

lgs

pudtgs

bn

lujrcahacñd,

hiustn fnaèdcag

y

nlãatrcag cdbcahdbg

lh ernaundach

nd

mgrhs, bæhs,

snfhdhs bn lhs cdspnaacgdns

h

rnhlczhrsn.

Qn

hplcah agd lh ecdhlcbhb

bn bntnathr

ehllhs

bn

ahrèatnr

fndgr

hsæ agfg

bcecaulthbns

nd nl

eudacgdhfcndtg

h

ecd

bn

prnsthr

htndacñd bn

vcbh

hdtns

bn

qun

punbh

gaurrcr

ehllhs

bn

ahrèatnr fhygr.

[ZGANQG

BN

NINA^ACÑrC

8;

[hsg

9

[rnphrn

lh

thrinth

bn

cdspnaacñd

pnr¡ñbcah,

:; [hsg

9

ldbcqun

lgs

pudtgs

bn cdspnaacñd.

h)

ldspnaa¡gdhdbg

lh lujrcaha¡ñd

(E¡`.

8),

y

lgs

dcvnlns bn

hanctn

agfg9

ahih bn

vnlgacbhbns

,

ahih

bn hvhdans,

a7rrg

lgd`ctubcdhl

y

gtrgs.

j) ldspnaacgdn

lhs

phrtns

nlãatrcahs agfg 9

pgtndach

bnl

fgtgr, jgfjh

rnerc`nrhdtn,

tndscñd

bn

Ch

rnb

nlãatrcah,

hcslhfcndtg

bnl fgtgr,

sctuhacñd

bn

lgs

agdbuatgrns,

hiustn bn

lgs

cdtnrruptgrns,

hiustn

bn Ch

jhsn

bnl

fgtgr,

C lhvns

tnrfgfh`dãtcahs,

agdthatgrns,

nta.

RHZINRH

BN

rDs[Naarñd

pnd¡ñglaq

FHZAH9 AGF[LN]

FHAMCDN

Fgbnlg9 FB-1;=

Rlpg9 1GF|LBZCD

Qnrln93=8;:0;2

Dg Hdèllsls

pnrh

lh ld

Blh¡

Bh

;:

ldspnaalñd lujrlahacñd

bn

ldsgnaalñd lujrlahacñd bn aglufdh

cñd lujrcahalñd

claaèdlag

;

Hcusln

bn lrhdsflslñd bn ehchs v gglnhs

;:

Hlustn bn haansgrlgs bn sucnaaold

;1

Hb

HC

Nlñatrlag

Auamcllh

lrceèscan

ldlnf.¡glgr @l

ljgtñd gndnrhll

;1

[h¡hbh bh nfnrgndach hl

2=

;2 Ehsgs bn ndnrqlh

85N

Gj¡nrv¡algdn¡9

FNAHDraG BN FHDRNDCFCNDRG

5>

Ec`. C

ZNE.

M.G.G2

FF

88:



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

a)

ldspnaacgdhdbg

lgs

pudtgs

fnaèdcags

agfg9

tunrah bnl

ahrrg trhdsvnrshl,

iun`g

bn

lgs

ahrrgs,

hi ustn

bnl

plhtg

u

d

cvnrsh

C

,

ah

j

nzhl

fñvcl

,

dcvnlhr jhdahbh

bnl tgrdg

snfnstrhlfndtn

(Ec`

.

:),

nta.

1g

[hsg

9 Llndn

lh

thrinth.

h)

Hdgthdbg lgs

pudtgs

bn

lujrcahacñd, lgs dcvnlns bn

hanctn hsæ agfg

lhs

ernaundachs.

j)

Hdgthdbg

lhs

phrtns

fnaèdcahs,

nvcthdbg

lgs

iun`gs

nxanscvgs

y

rnhlczhdbg

lgs

hiustns dnanshrcgs

(Ec`.

1).

a) Hdgthdbg

lhs

phrtns

nlãatrcahs

h

cdspnaacgdhr,

agdtrglhdbg

su

nsthbg n cdbcahdbg

su

ernaundach.

2g

[hsg

9

Ninautn

lh

cdspnaacñd pnrcñbcah.

h)

Nenatuhdbg

sgjrn

lh

fèqucdh

lh

cdspnaacñd

sn`ùd

lh

hdgthacñd

bn

lh

thrinth.

j)

Bntnrfcdhdbg

lh ernaundach

nd

mgrhs, bæhs, snfhdhs

y

fnsns

bn

lh

phrtn

h

cdspnaacgdhr.

a)

Znvcsn

nl

prg`rhfh y

mh`h

lhs

agrrnaacgdns

dnansh rchs.

[ZNAH^@CÑD

A^HDBG

CDQ[NAACGDN,.

[HZN

LH FÈG^CDH S

AGLGX^N

LGQ

ZNQ@^HZBGQ ND Q^ L^@HZ.

(Ec`

.2).

H,

J,

A,

B

6

[gscacñd

bnl dcvnl

agd

prnacscñd

;,;:

ff/f

8.- [gscacñd

bnl dcvnl

bn

prnacscñd.

:.- Dcvnl agd ahlzgs phrhlnlgs.

8.-

Hiustn bnl muscllg

h

trhvãs bn lh

phlhdah

:.- Hanctnrh

bn

Lujrcahacñd

1.-

Hiustn

bnl

ahjnzhl fñvcl h trhvãs

bn

lh

phlhdah

2.- Rhjlh

bn bnslczhdtn

bnl ahjnzhl fñvcl

>.- [rcscgdnrg

bnslczhbgr bnl ahjnzhl

fñvcl

0q

<58

¡NL

RZHJHIG tlG NQRH

RNZclCCR{HBG QC

LGQ

ZNQ@^HZBGQ DG

NQRH}C

Nl{ Q^ R^@HZ

FNAHDCAG

BN FHDRNDCFCNDRG 55

Ec`.

2

ZNE.

M.G.;2

FF'

:8:



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

NLHJGZHZ

RHZINRHQ

BN ZN[GQCACÑD

S

ZN[HZHAñD

Nsth

gpnrhacñd

agdscstn

nd

prnphrhry

llndhr

lh

thrinth

pnrfctcndbg

nenatuhr

lhs rnpgscacgdns

g

ahfjcgs

nenatuhbgs

phrh lhs

cdspnaacgdns

dnanshrchs nd ahsg bn

nfnr`ndachs

h

jhsn bn

lhs

agdscbnrhacgdns

mnamhs

pgr

lhs

cdspnaacgdns

y

rnagfndbhacgdns

bhbhs

pgr

nlehjrcahdtn.

Qn

hplcah

auhdbg sn

qu¡nrn

ahfjchr lhs

phrtns

`hsthbhs,

phrtns

henathbhs

g bhøhbhs

pgr

rnpunstgs

dunvgs

nd

nthphs

phrachlns

g

bntnrfcdhbg

pnrcgbg

bn tcnfpg.

[ZGANQG

BN

NINA^ACÑD

C

g

[hsg

[rnphrn

lh

thrinth

bn rnpgscacñd

rnphrhacñd

(Ec`.

8).

:;[hsg

ldspnaa¡gdn

lh sctuhacñd

bn

lgs

nlnfndtgs.(Ec`

.:)

Znhlcan

lhs

agtczhacgdns bn lgs

fhtnrchlns,

nlnfndtgs h

ahfjchr,

rnpunstgs

y

lu

jrcahdtns

h

utc

lczhr.

Llndn

Ch

thrinth.

h) Hdgthdbg

lhs

ahdt¡bhbns bn

lgs

agfpgdndtns,

bn rnpgscacñd

g

rnphrhacñd.

j)

Bntnrfcdn

lgs agstgs

udcthrcgs

y

tgthl

bn Ch

rnpgscacñd

y

1; [hsg

rnphrhacñd

cdaluyndbg

fhtnrchl,

rnpunstgs, lujrcahdtns, eec7dg bn

gjrh,

bhtgs

`ndnrhlns ylg

hbfcdcstrhtcvgs.

(Ec`.

1)

2;

[hsg

agsrg

BN

ZN[gslalñt¡

g ZN[HZHaÃ¡C

FHZAH9

AGF[LN]

FHAMCDN

Fgbnlg9

FB-1;= Rlpg91;F|LBZ|D

Qnrla9

3=8;:0;2

Dg Ahdübhb

@gf

g Znghrnalñd

Agstg ^dlL @g¡tg

R th

Zgbhfcndtgs

QOE 5:;5

s/

5; ;; Q/

;:

2

[nrdgs

>/85 tcggHllnd

s/ ;; s/

;1

[nfgs

>/=x5"

ahjnzh s/>

;;

s

l/2 tlgg

Hllnd

s/

ldtnf¡gtgr ;-8

;;

;5 :

Ehch nd

U snrln

J2:v J-%

s8>

;;

s/

1t ;;

;0

[glnhs rnalclcahbhs

s/

>; ;;

;=

@rhsh ghrh rgbhfcndlgs 8:;;

s/

1a

@ s

Fj

;;

s/8 ;;

Rhdgs bn gldlurh vnrbn v dngrg 882 bn ghlñd

RGRHL

Q'.

Ec`.

C

FGRGZ

Ec`.:

AHIH BN ZNB^AACÑD

FNAHDraG

BN FHDRNDCFCNDRG

50

UHZCHBGZ

ZNE.

M.G.Gs FF

88:




>g [hsg 9

Ninautn

lh

rnpgscacñd

y

rnphrhacñd.

h)

Bnsfgdthdbg

lgs

nlnfndtgs

bhøhbgs g

`hsthbgs.

.

j)

Agmstruyndbg g

ahfjchdbg

lgs

nlnfndtgs

hvnrchbgs.

a)

ldspnaacgdhdbg lh

sctuhacñd

bn

lgs

nlnfndtgs.

b

)

Fgdthdbg

lgs

nlnfndtgs

cdaluyndbg lgs

dunvgs.

n)

[rgjhdbg

nl

eudacgdhfcndtg

bn

lh

fèqucdh g

nqucpg.

e) Bhdbg

lhs

rnagfndbhacgdns

dnanshrchs.

(Ec`.:).

GJQNZUHACÑD

[hrh

nl

ahfjcg

bn

bgs

g

fès ehihs

nd

rrv"

sn

rnagfcndbh

ahfjchr

nl

iun`g

agfplntg

agd

ehihs

mnrfhdhbhs.

¡

[HZN

LHQ FHX CDHQ

BN

RZHJHIHZ

ND

NLLHQ

Ec`.:

Nqucpg

Bnenatugsg

7

AGF^DCAR^NLG HDRNQ

AR^N

QNH

BNFHQCHBG RHZBN

Ec`.

1

pZnaruarñd

BNQagDNaRN

LH agZZRNDRN

h-ÃardraH

HDRNQ BN rDrarHZ LHQ

ZNpHZHaRgDNQ BN LH,d¡Ègurtr¡Z.

(E¡`.

1).

FNAÈDraG BN FHDRNDCFCNFRG

5=

ZNE. M.G.Gs FF :8:



*

FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

Fhdtndcfcndtg

[rnvndtcvg (F[)

ns

ud

prg`rhfh

plhdcecahbg

dnanshrcg

nd lh

cdspnaacñd,

lujrcahacñd,

aucbhbg

y

rnphrhacñd

bn

fhqucdhs

n

cdsthlhacgdns,

bnstcdhbg

h

hsn`urhr

nl

fædcfg

tcnfpg

bn

"phrgs"

dg

prnvlstgs

y

ud

fèxcfg

bn tcnfpg

bn

eudacgdhfcndtg

prgbuatcvg,

necahzy

necacndtn

phrh

nl nqucpg,

lhs mnrrhfcnøths,

lh

fhqucdhrch

y, pgr

supunstg,

lgs

prgansgs

bn

prgbuaacñd

ns bnacrsn

ninauth

phrh

nvcthr lh ehllh

arctcah.

Nl

F[

sn bnecdn

agfg ud

prganbcfcndtg prg`rhfhbg

grbndhbg,

udcegrfn,

agdtcdug

y

plhdnhbg

phrh

nvcthr

bnsagfpgsturhs

y

phrgs, y

prglgd`hr

lh

vcbh

y

usgs

bn

lhs

fèqucdhs,

mnrrhfcndths

y

nbcecacgs

qun

llnvhbg

nd egrfh

necacndtn sn

agdvcnrtn

nd udh mnrrhfcndth

bn

lh

prgbuatcvcbhb.

(Ec`.

8

)

Gjintcvgs9

.

Znhlczhrnl


y

pnrcñbcag prg`rhfhbg.

.

Nenatuhr

lhs

rnphrhacgdns bcspunsths

nd

nl

fhdtndcfcndtg

prnvndtcvg.

.

Nenatuhr

lhs

cdspnaacgdns

bn lgs ahsgs

dg

prnvcstgs.

.

Llnvhr

rn`cstrgs

bn lgs

agdsufgs

y

ahfjcgs

bn lujrcahacñd,

hsæ agfg

bn

lgs

rn`cstrgs dnanshrcgs

pgrahbh

fèqucdh

y

nqucpg.

.

Arnhr

rnspgdshjclcbhb

nd

lhs

pnrsgdhs

vcdaulhbgs

agd lhs

haacgdns

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg.



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

AGDRZGL MGFJZN

S

BN FÈX^CDH

Nd lhs eèjrcahs

qun

sn scrvnd bnl

fhdtndcfcndtg nd

phrg,

nlvnrbhbnrg

agdtrglns

lh

fèqucdh?

punQ

dhbcn

punbn

ahlaulhr auhdbg nsthrè

eunrh

bn

snrvcacg.

^dh

sctuhacñd hsæ cdtnrrufpn

lh

prgbuaacñd, bnih gacgsgs h lgs mgfjrns y lhs fèqucdhs, hagrth

lh

vcbh bnl nqucpg y hufndth

lgs

agstgs.

Ec`.

8

Nd lh

eèjrcah bgdbn

sn

bh fhdtndcfcndtg prnvndtcvg (F[), qucnd ninran

nl

agdtrgl ns

nl

¡

mgfjrn, thlagfg bnjn snr.

(Ec`.

8

).

Nsth sctuhacñd sn ahrhatnrczh

pgr

üdh

prgbuaacñd

cdcdtnrrufpcbh,

plndh

bn utclczhacñd

bn

mgfjrns

y

fèqucdhs, burhacñd

fès lhr`h

bnl

nqucpg

y

agstgs

`ndnrhlns

fès

jhigs.

Mhsth mhan

fuamg

nl

fhdtndcfcndtg

nrh sglhfndtn hl`g

qun

sn

bhjh

bn

egrfh

cfprnvcsth

pnrg,

lgs ùltcfgs

høgs

mhd

bnfgstrhbg

qun

nl jund

fhdtndcfcndtg,

prhatcahbg

agd

fnbcbhs

prnvndtcvhs,

hsn`urhd

jund eudacgdhfcndtg

bn

lh

eèjrcah, ud

eluig agdtcdug

bn lh

prgbuaacñd

y

udh rnbuaacñd bnl agstg rnhlbn ehjrcahacñd.

d

rer

üL

0;



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

@gdaluscgdns

bn lgs

prgjlnfhs

gsctuhacgdns

Hl

rnbuacr

lh

pgscjclcbhb

bn bnsagfpgsturh,

nl

F[

9

-

Bcsfcduyn

lh

pgscjclcbhb

bn

qun

gaurrh.lh nfnr`ndach.

-

Hfcdgrh

nl

tcnfpg

cfprgbuatcvg.

-

Jhih

nl

agstg

bn lhs

rnphrhacgdns.

-Hufndth

lh vcbh

bnlnqucpg.

-

[rgpgracgdh

agdbcacgdns

fès sn`urhs.

Lh rnpgscacñd

pnrcñbcah

nd nl F[

nvcth nl

phrg

bn tgbg

nl

prgansg

g lh

pgscjclcbhb

bn

ud

bhøg

snrcg.

Nl F[

y

su

agdtcducbhb

rnbuand

lhs

bnfgrhs

cddnanshrchs

y

hmgrrhd tcnfpg,

yh

qun

nl

nqucpg

dg

nstè

phrhbg,

lg

qun

s¡`dcecah,

hbnfès,

nl

ph`g

bn fndgr

tcnfpg

nxtrhgrb¡dhrcg

y

fndgr

dùfnrg

bn

trh

jhihbgrns

b

nsplhzhbgs.

Nl

F[

prgfunvn

udh rnbuaacñd

grbndhb

h

y

nagdñfcah,

agdtrglh

lhs

pãrbcbhs

bnl

nqucpg

y,

nd

`ndnrhl,

hyubh

h

fnigrhr

lgs

fãtgbgs

bn

trhjhig.

^d

jund F[

thfjcãd

prgfunvn

lh

utclczhacñd

hprgpchbh

bn

lhs

mnrrhfcndt7s,

nqucpgs

y

fèqucdhs.

(Ec`

.8

,:y

1).

Nl

F[

nlcfcdh

`rhd phrtn

bn

lh

dnanscbhb

bn

mhanr

trhjhigs

hprnsurhbgs,

agd lhs

agds¡`ucndtns

haacgdns

y

bhøgs.

Ec`. 8

Ec`. 1

08



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

UNDRHIHQ BN FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

Nl F[

prgbuan

bcvcbndbgs.

^d

rnsufnd

bn

lgs

fcsfgs rnvnlh9

.5

Fndgs rntrhsgs

nd

lh

prgbuaacñd,

agd

lh

agdsc`ucndtn

nagdgfæh

y

lgs

agrrnspgdbcndtns

jndnecacgs

hl

alcndtn

bnjcbg

h

fndgs phrgs.

5

Fndgs

ph`gs

bn mgrhs nxtrhs,

pgr

lgs

hiustns

y

rnphrhacgdns

grbcdhrchs nfprndbcbgs,

agfg

phrtn

bn

lh

rutcdh bnl

F[,

qun

pgr

rnphrhacgdns

bn

ehllhs.

5 Fndgs

rnphrhacgdns

nd

`rhd

nsahlh

y

fndgs rnphrhacgdns rnpntcbhs, bn

lg

qun

rnsulth

fndgragd`nstcñd

bn

fhdg bn gjrh

y

fnbcgs bn fhdtndcfcndtg.

.5

Agstgs

fès jhigs

pgr

lhs

rnphrhacgdns

sndacllhs mnamhs hdtns bn

qun

mhyh

ehllhs,

pgr

auhdtg

sn dnanscth

fndgs

fhdg

bn

gjrh, fndgs nspnachlczhacñd

y

fndgs

pcnzhs phrh

lgs

phrgs prg`rhfhbgs

qun phrh

lhsehllhs.

b

Hplhzhfcndtg

g

nlcfcdhacñd bn

bnsnfjglsg

nd

nenatcvg,

pgr

sustctuacñd

prnfhturh bn

cdsthlhacñd

y

nqucpg

y

rnscstcr udh

fnigr

agdsnrvhacñd

bnl

hatcvg.

5

Dnanscbhb bn

fndgs nqucpgs

sustctucbgs,

rnbuacãdbgsn

lh

cdvnrscñd

bn

ahpcthl.

5

Znbuaacñd bn

lgs agstgs

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg

bn

lgs

pudtgs

agfprndbcbgs

bndtrg

bnl

prg`rhfh,

cdaluyndbg

fhdg bn

gjrh

y

fhtnrchl.

5 lbndtcecahacñd

bn

lgs

ahpætulgs

agd

nlnvhbg

agstg bn fhdtndcfcndtg, lg

qun

llnvh

h

lh

cdvnstc`hacñd

bn

ahushs,

thlns

agfg9

fhlh

hplcahacñd, hjusg

pgr phrtn

bnl

gpnrhrcg

y

tndbndach

h

hdtcauhrsn.

5

Fnigr agdtrgl bn

lhs

pcnzhs bn rnpgscacñd, agd

lg

qun

sn

lln`h

h

udh

nxcstndach fædcfh.

(Ecs.

8)

.5

Fnigrns

rnlhacgdns

cdbustrchlns,

pgr

auhdtg

lgs trhjhihbgrns bn lh

prgbuaacñd

dg

phbnand phrgs

cdvgludthrcgs

dc

pnrbcbhs

bn

jgdgs

bn

nstcfulg

bnjcbg

h

cdtnrrupacgdns.

Ec`.

8

Rgbg sn

rnsufn

nd ud fndgr

agstg udcthrcg

bn ehjrcahacñd

y

nd

udh acerh

fès nlnvhbh

bn

prgbuaacñd.

Nstgs

y

gtrgs rnsulthbgs

fndgs thd`cjlns ehvgrnand

hl

prg`rhfh

bn

F[

nd

lu`hr

bn

ud

prg`rhfh

nd

nfnr`nda¡h.

Ns dnanshrcg

qun

nd

tgbh nfprnsh,

pgr

pnqunøh qun punbh

snr,

sn

prgfunvh

lh

dnanscbhb bn cdsthlhr

ud scstnfh

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg

prnvndtcvg

qun

hyubn

h

nlnvhr

lh

prgbuatcvcbhb

.

0:



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

QCQRNFH

BN RZHJHIG

BN FHDRNDCFCNDRG

Lh

nsndach

bn nstn scstnfh

sn

jhsh

nd

ninauthr

pnrcñbcahfndtn

udh rnvcscñd

prnvndtcvh

y

trhjhigs bn rnphrhacñd

nd ud

bntnrfcdhbg plhzg

hsæ

agfg nenatuhr

nl

fhdtndcfcndtg bchrcg.

Nl

plhzg

ndtrn

udh

y

gtrh rnvcscñd

sn bntnrfcdh

pn

haunrbg

agd

lhs

phrtcaulhrcbhbns

bnl bcsnøg,

hplcahacñd

yagdbcacñd

bn

nxplgthacñd bn

lh

fèqucdh.

Agd

nl

scstnfh

bn

trhjhig bnl

F[

nd

lhs

nfprnshs cdbustrchlns

sn

bh sgluacñd

h

lgs

scùcndtns

prgjlnfhs9

Lh

fèqucdh sn fhdtcndn

nd ud

nsthbg

qun

hsnùrh ud rndbcfcndtg

necahz

y

udh

prgbuaa¡ñd

agdtcduh.

Qn nvcth

ahsgs

bn

nfnr`nda¡h

cfprnvcstgsWqunWgahscgdhd

ehllhs nd

lh

----

fèqucdh,

Qn rnbuan

`hstgs

bn

rnphrhacñd

bn lh

fhqucd

hrhh.

Qn hufndth

nl

rndbcfcndtg

bn lh

fhqucdhrch,

fgbnrdczèdbgsn

agd lgs

trhjhigs

bn F[.

(E¡`.

8)

Nl

scstnfh

bn

trhjhig

bnl

F[

cdaluyn

bgs alhsns bn

trhjhig9

-

Nlsnrvcacg

ndtrn

lhs

rnphrhacgdns.

-

Nl

aufplcfcndtg

pnrcñbcag

bn lhs gpnrhacgdns

bn rnphrhacñd,

agdegrfn

hl

plhd,

ql9lpgfnrndbn

lhs rnphrhacgdns

pnqunøhs,

fnbchdh

y

nd

`ndnrhl.

Qnrvcacg bn

rnphrhacgdns

Nstn

snrvcacg tãadcag cdaluyn

lhs

scùcndtns

gpnrhacgdns

prcdacphlns9

-

Lcfpcnzh

y

lujrcahacñd

bn lhs

fèqucdhs.

(Ec`.

:)

-

Znvcscñd

y

agdtrgl

bnl

nsthbg

tãadcag

bn

lgs

agdiudtgs, fnahdcsfgs

y

fhqucdhrchs

nd`ndnrhl.

(E¡`.1)

.El`.1

Nstn

snrvcacg egrfh

phrtn

bn

lgs

gjlc`hacgdns bn

tgbg

nl

pnrsgdhlbnl

snrvcacg bn rnphrhacgdns

y

bn

lgs

gpnrhrcgs

qun

trhjhihd

nd

ãsths

fèqucdhs.

01

Ec`. C



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

Dgrfhs

phrh

lh rnphrhacñd

Lgs

trhjhigs

bn

F[

sn

bcvcbnd

nd

trns alhsns

bn rnphrhacgdns9

pnqunøhs,

fnbchdh

y `ndnrhl.

Znphrhacñd

pnqunøh

q

Agd ãsth rnphrhacñd

sn rnsthjlnan

lh

ahphacbhb

bn

trhjhig

bn lgs

bcvnrsgs

agdiudtgs. Lh

agfplnicbhb

y

vglufnd

bn

gpnrhacgdns

qun

cdaluyn Ch

rnphrhacñd

sgd rnlhtcvhfndtn

cdsc`dcecahdtns.

Nsth

rnphrhacñd sn

nenatùh,

mhjctuhlfndtn,

nd

nl lu`hr

bgdbn

nstè

cdsthlhbh

lh

fèqucdh.

(Ec`

.2)

Znphrha¡ñd

fnbchdh

Qn ninauth

nd

agrrnspgdbnda¡h

agd

lh lcsth

phrachl

bn

lh

fèqucdh,

scd shahrlh

bn

lh

jhsn,

Znphrhacñd

`ndnrhl

Ns lh

bn

fhygr vglufnd bn rnphrhacgdns,

fèqucdh.

(Ec`.>)

Qn rnfunvn

y

rnphrhd tgbhs

lhs

pcnzhs

bn

lh fèqucdh, èsæ

agfg

lhs

qun

agfpgdnd

lh

jhsn? sn nenatùh

nl fgdthin

y

rn`ulhacñd

bn

lh

fèqu¡dh,

Nd fuamgs ahsgs,

phrh

ninauthr

lh

rnphrhacñd

`ndnrhl

sn

lnvhdth

lh

fèqucdh bn

lgs

acfcndtgs.

(Ec`.

5)

Nsth alhsn

bn

rnp

hrhacñd

punbn

agfjcdhrsn,

phrachl

g tgthlfndtn,

agd

hplcahacgdns

qun

fgbnrdczhd

nl nqucpg.

(Ec`

.0).

Ec`. 2

bn

bnenatgs.

Qn

hagfphøh

bnl

bnsfgdtn

pgr

nl

nqucpg

ndahr`hbg bn su

rnphrhacñd.

agdegrfn

hl

plhd.

Qn

rnhlczh bnsfgdthdbg

lh

Ec`.

>

Ec`. 0

Agdtrgl

bn

Iun`g

Agdtrgl bn

@hl`h

Lnvhdthr nin

02



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

Nl

prgpñsctg

bnl fhdtndcfcndtg

ns

mhanr

eudacgdhr

lh

fèqucdh

g nqucpg

hl fèxcfg

pgscjln.

[hrh

hlah dzhr

nstgs gjintcvgs bnjn sn`ucrsn

ud

fãtgbg

y ud plhd

bn

trhjhig

scstnfètcag.

(Ec`.

=)'

Ec`.

C

[LHD BN

RZHJHIG

J^QAHZ

LH

BNQFGDRHIN

AHFJCG

G

ZN[HZHaCñr,l

FGDRHIN

[ZGJHZ

S [GDNZ

ND

FHZAMH

0>




Lh fntgbglg`æh

bn

trhjhig

sn

hplcah

nd

lh

snrcn bn

phsgs,

punstgs

nd

grbnd lñ`cag.

Nd lgs

trhjhigs bn fhdtndcfcndtg, sgd

nstgs

phsgs

lgs

qun

ecihd

su

prg`rnsg.

Lh

fntgbglg`æh tcndn bgs

`rupgs

prcdacphlns9

-

[lhd

bntrhjhig.

-

Ninauacñd

bnltrhjhig

[lhd

bn

trhjhig

Mhanr

ud

plhd

bn

trhjhig

ushdbg

lgs

bhtgs

agdsn`ucbgs

nd

bcenrndtns

eundtns,

y

bntnrfcdhr

lgs

phsgs phrh

fhdtndnry

rnphrhr

lh

fhqucdhrch.

Lgs bhtgs

qun

hyubhd

h

ninauthr

ud

plhd

bn

y

trhjhig sgd,

pgr

ninfplg9

cdstruaacgdns

bnl

cdstruatgry,

hbnfès, nlagdgacfcndtg

bhbg nd

lgs

aurscllgs.

Nstn plhd

ns

fuy cfpgrthdtn phrh bntnrfcdhr

y

sgluacgdhr nl bnspnrenatg

y

ns

nl

pudtg

bn

phrtcbh phrh

lh

ninauacñd.

(Ec`.

3)

ldbcahacñd

bnl

ldstruatgr

Fhduhlns

bn

Rhllnr

Lcsth bn

Hdèlcscs

C

-

lr

Ninracacgs

agfplcahbgs

Lgahlczhr nl bnspnrenatg

Ec`.

3

Ninauacñd

Lh

sgluacñd

bnlbnspnrenatg

y

lh

egrfh

bn

ninauthrlg bnpndbn bn lhs agdaluscgdns bnl

plhd

bn

trhjhig.

^d

trhjhig

punbn

vhrchr,

bnsbn

ahfjchr, ud scfpln euscjln mhsth rndgvhr udh

cdsthlhacñd agfplnth.

n

Aurscllgs

Ninracacgs

scfplns

05



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

h

Ninauacñd

bn Rrhjhig

8.-

Nd

lh

prnphrhacñd

bn

lgs

trhjhigs

sn

bnjn

bntnrfcdhr

lgs

bhtgs

y

gjtndnr

lhs

r

agdaluscgdns

dnanshrchs

phrh

ninauthr

nl

trhjhig

bn rnphrhacñd

nd nl tcnfpg

fædcfg.(Ec`.

8;)

:.-

Bnsfgdthin9

phrh

ujcahr lh

ahush

bnl

phrg

bn

lh

fèqucdh

g

bn

lh

phrtn

hvnrchbh

bns`hsthbh

snrè

dnanshrcg

bnsfgdthr

phrtns

bn lh

fèqucdh,

cdsthlhacñd

g

nqucpg.

(Ec`

.88)

1.-

Ahfjcg g rnphrhacñd9

bnpndbn

bn

vhrcgs

ehatgrns

agfg agstg,

bns`hstn,

tcnfpg

bn

rndgvhacñd, nta.

(E¡`

.8:)

2.-

Fgdthin9

auhdbg Ch

p¡nzh

nd

bnspnrenatg

mh

scbg

ahfjchbh

g

rnphrhbh

snrè

dnanshrcg

aglgahrlh nd

su

sctcg

phrh qun

eudacgdn. (Ec`.

81)

>.-

Agdtrglhr

y

pgdnr

nd

fhramh9

phrh

agdtrglhr

sc

nl trhjhig

mh

scbg ninauthbg

agrrnathfndtn

ns

cdbcspndshjln

mhanr

eudacgdhr

lh

fèqu¡dh.

Bnsfgdthin

Ec`.

88

[cnzh

snphrhbh

Ec`.

8:

Ec`.

81

-n8

Bhtgs

y

agdaluscgdns

Ec`.

8;

00



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

[ZG@ZHFHQ BN FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

S AGZZNARCUG

Nl fhdtndcfcndtg

prnvndtcvg (F[)

bn

lhs

fhqucdhrchs,

nqucpgs

n

cdsthlhacgdns bn

lhs

cdbustrchs

agdsth

bn

lgs

scùcndtns

prg`rhfhs9

Fhdtndcfcndtg

rutcdhrcg.

,

Agdtrgl bn

lh

ahr`h bn

trhjhig.

Lujrcahacñd

y

lcfpcnzh

pnrcñbcahs.

C

dspnaacgdns

pnrcñbcahs.

Nl

fhdtndcfcndtg agrrnatcvg

bn rnpgscacgdns

y

rnphrhacgdns.

Nl

bnshrrgllg

bn ahbh

prg`rhfh

mhan

cdtnrvndcr hl

pnrsgdhl

vcdaulhbg agd nl F[, hsæagfg

hl

gpnrhbgrg trhjhihbgrndahr`hbg

bn

lh

fhqucdhrch, nqucpg

g

cdsthlhacñd.

Nl

bnshrrgllg

bn

nstgs

prg`rhfhs

sn nxplcah

h agdtcduhacñd9

Fhdtndcfcndtg Zutcdhrcg

Nl fhdtndcfcndtg agdscstn

nd nlaucbhbg

qun

sn

bnjn

tndnrnd

ahbh gpgrtudcbhb

qun

sn utclcan

lh

fèqucdh

g

nqucpg,

y

nstè

jhshbg,

nsndachlfndtn, nd

lh

rutcdh

qun

sn

nenatùh nd lujrcahacñd,

hiustns, dcvnlns, snùrcbhb

y

lcfpcnzh

rnqunrcbgs.

Gjintcvg

Rndnr lh fèqucdh, nqucpg g

cdsthlhacñd

lcstgs

phrh

ndtrhr

nd eudacgdhfcndtg nd lh gpgrtudcbhb

qun

sn

rnqucnrh.

Jhsns phrh

lh

prnphrhacñd

bn

lh

thrinth

bn


Rgbh fhqucdhrch,

nqucpg

g cdsthlhacñd

bnjn

tndnr

lh

thrinth bn fhdtndcfcndtg

rutcdhrcg,

dnanshrch

phrh

lh gpgrtudcbhb

nd

qun

ud

gpnrhbgr

lh

utclcan.

Nd

ahbh

thrinth agdsthrèd

lgs

aucbhbgs

qun

sn

bnjnd tndnrnd aundth, hdtns

ybnspuãs,

agd

lh

fèqucdh, nqucpg

g

cdsthlhacñd

nd9

-

Lujrcahacgdns.

-Hiustn.

-

Dcvnlns.

-

Qnùrcbhb.

-

Lcfpcnzh.

Nsths cdbcahacgdns agfprndbnrèd

lhs

ndufnrhacgdns

mnamhs

nd lgs

`rhjhbgs

g bcsnøgs

prnphrhbgs phrh

nl

fhdtndcfcndtg

rutcdhrcg bn

ahbh fèqucdh, nqucpg

g

cdsthlhacñd.

·Xucãd

cdstruyn nd nl

fhdtndcfcndtg

rutcdhrcg7

Rgbg supnrvcsgr

qun

agdbuzah

ud trhjhihbgr,

mhacndbg

usg bn fèqucdh g nqucpg, bnsbn

shjnr

qucãd

nstè ndtnrhbg bnl

fhdtndcfcndtg

rutcdhrcg h nenatuhrsn.

0=



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

n

FHDRNDCFCNDRG

Z^RCDHZCG

RHLHBZG

EZNQHBGZ

agb.

8;;8;2;=:1

Rhllnr

Fna.

@ndnrhl

^jca.

Hiustn

FHZAH9

AGF[LN]

FHAMCDN

Fgbnlg9

FB-1;=

Rcpg9 1GF|LBZ|D

Qnrcn9

`=

8g:0g2

[NZDGQ

88

8:

;0

;5

;>

Dg

[HZRNQ

AGDB^ARG

L^JZCAHDRN

8

Rhph

agrrnbczh.

Nxtnrcgr

Lcfpcnzh

:

[glnhs

y

Ehch

nd

"U".

dtnrcgr

Lcfpcnzh

1

Uglhdtn

bn

Hvhdan y Znvnrsh Rrhdsvnrshl dtnrcgr

Hanctn

rhdbg MB

5=

2

Rgrdcllgs

bn Ecchacñd

dtnrcgr

Hanctn

tnllus

5=

>

Zhdurh

nd

"R"

phrh

[nrdg

bn Hdalhcn

dtnrcgr

Lcfpcnzh

5

Aglufdh

Nxtnrcgr

@rhsh

hlvhdch

`rhbg

:

0

[hlhdah

g Fhdcvnlh

Nxtnrcgr-ldtnrcgr

Hiustn

y `rhsh

hlvhdch

=

Fgtgr,

[glnh

Fgtrcz

Nxtnrcgr, ldtnrcgr

Lcfpcnzh,

qrhsh

lctcah

C

Rhph

bnl

Fnahdcsfg bn

Unlgacbhbns

ldtnrcgr

Lcfpcnzh

8;

[hlhdah

Qndsctcvh

ldtnrcgr

Hanctn

Rnllus

5=

88 Fnsh

Nxtnrcgr

@rhsh Hlvhdch

grhbg

:

8:

Uglhdtn

bnl

Rgrdcllg

bn lh

fnsh

ldtnrcgr

@rhsh Hlvhdch

`rhbg

:

81

Jhsn

Nxtnrcgr

Lcfpcnzh

y

Hcustn

82

Muscllg

ldtnrcgr

@rhsh

Hlvhdch

8>

[hlhdah

bn Ecihacñd

bnl

Muscllg

Cdtnrcgr

Hanctn

Rnllus

5=

85

@rhbuhacñd

phrh

[rgeudbcbhb

bn

Hqucnrgs

Nxtnrcgr

Lcfpcnzh

U

Hcustn

80

Zn`ulhbgr

bn

Hvhdan

ldtnrcgr

Hanctn Rnllus 5=

8=

ldtnrruptgr

Nxtnrcgr

Lcfpcnzh

y

hcustn

Gjsnrvhacgdns9

03



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

Agdtrgl

bn

lh ahr`h bn trhjhig

Lh

ahr`h bn trhjhig haufulhbh

pgrahbh

fèqucdh, nqucpg

g

cdsthlhacñd

dgs bh ud cdbcahbgrbn

prcfnræscfg

grbnd

phrh

nenatuhr

lhs lujrcahacgdns

y

rnpgscacgdns

pnrcñbcahs

rnqunrcbhs. Nstn

agdtrgl

bn

lh

ahr`h

bn

trhjhig

dgs

prgpgracgdhrè

lhs

mgrhs

bn

trhjhig

qun

sn

tcndn

nd

auhlqucnr

cdsthdtn, bhtg cfprnsacdbcjln

phrh

lhs haacgdns

cdbcahbhs.

Gjintcvg

Agdganr agd hdtcacphacñd

lh

ahr`h

bn

trhjhig

haufulhbh

nd ahbh

fèqucdh, nqucpg g

cl

cdsthlhacñd

h ecd bn

hsn`urhr

nl

fhdtndcfcndtg

p

'nvndtcvg

agrrnatg.

Jhsns

phrh

nl

agdtrgl

bn

lh

ahr`h

bn trhjhig

Bnpndbnd ùdcahfndtn bn

lhs mgrhs,

bæhs g

snfhdhs bn trhjhig

qun

sn

mhd

hsc`dhbg

phrh

ahbh

prg`rhfh

bn trhjhig.

Nstn

tcnfpg

bn

trhjhig hsc`dhbg sn vnrcecah, nd lh

prhatcah,

agd lhs

mgrhs nenatcvhs rnhlczhbhs.

Lgs agdtrglns

sn

hdgthd nd lhs

thrinths

bn

ahr`h

bn

trhjhig

prnphrhbhs

phrh ahbh

fèqucdh, nqucpg

g

cdsthlhacñd.

·Xucãd

bcrc`n

nl

agdtrgl

bn

lh ahr`h bn trhjhig7

Nl

inen

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg

nd

aggrbcdhacñd

agd nl

inen

bn

prgbuaa¡ñd,

agdegrfn

h

lgs

prg`rhfhs

bn

trhjhig

qun

bnshrrglln.

·Xucãd

agdtrglh

lh

ahr`h

bn

trhjhi

g7

Nl supnrvcsgr

bnl

thllnr

qun

tcndn h

su

ahr`g

nl trhjhihbgr agd

lh

fhqucdhrch,

nqucpg

g

cdsthlhacñd

h su

bcspgscacñd.

·Añfg

nenatùh

nl

agdtrgl

bn

lh

trhjhi

g7

ldcachlfndtn,

èl

hsc`dhrsn

lhs mgrhs bn trhjhig

y,

pgstnrcgrfndtn,

nd

ahbh gpgrtudcbhb

bnl trhjhig

rnhlczhbg.

·Bñdbn

nenatùh

nl

agdtrgl

bn

lh

ahr`h

bn

trhjhi

g7

Nd

nl

prgpcg

thllnr

h

ahr`g

bnl

trhjhig.

·Auèdbg

sn

nenatùh

nl

agdtrgl bn

lh

ahr`h bn trhjhi g7

Ahbh

vnz

qun

tnd`h

Xun

bnshrrgllhrsn

ud dunvg

prg`rhfh

sn

hdgthd

lgs tcnfpgs

hs¡`dhbgs,

y

auhdbg sn ninautn nl trhjhig sn

hdgthrè

lgs

tcnfpgs

bn trhjhig

nenatcvg

rnhlczhbgs.

=;



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

AHZ@H BN

RZHJHIG

RHLHBZG

EZNQHBGZ

Agb.

8;;8;2;=:1

Rhllnr

Fna.

@ndnrhl

^jca. Hiustn

FHZAH9

AGF[LN]

FHAMCDN Fgbnlg9 FB-1;='

Rcpg9

1;F|LBZ|D

Qnrcn9

`=

8;YRG2

HQC@DHaCÑd

BN

[Zg@ZHFHQ

MGZHQ

HsraDHarñru

BN [ZgaZHFHQ

MGZHQ

Fèqucdhs

Mnrrhfcndths C

85

Fhtrcanræh C

8:

Fèqucdhs

Mnrrhfcndths

CC

:2

Fhtrcanræh ll

:2

ENAMH MGZHQ

Hauf.

ENAMH MGZHQ

Hauf.

;3/;>/:;;1

85

85

8:8;>/:;;1

8: :=

81t;>/:;;1

:2

>:

82t;>/:;;1 :2 05

8>8;>/:;;1

=8



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

Lujrcahacñd

y

lcfpcnzh

pnrcñbcahs

Ns lh

phrtn

bnl

fhdtndcfcndtg

prnvndtcvg,

pnrfctn

nenatuhr lhs lujrcahacgdns,

lcfpcnzhs

g

ahfjcgs bn lujrcahdtns rnqunrcbgs ahbh

acnrtg tcnfpg

bn

trhjhig

nd

lh

fèqucdh

g nqucpg, agd

lh

ecdhlcbhb

bn

nvcthr

su

bns`hstn

g

ndvninacfcndtg prnfhturh

y/g

nl

trhjhig cdagrrnatg.

Gjintcvg

Nenatuhr lh lujrcahacñd, lcfpcnzh g

ahfjcg

bn lujrcahdtn

prg`rhfhbhs

pnrcñbcahfndtn phrh

ahbh fèqucdh, nqucpg g

cdsthlhacñd.

Jhsns

phrh

lh

lujrcahacñd

y

lcfpcnzh

pnrcñbcahs

[hrh

ahbh fèqucdh, nqucpg

g

cdsthlhacñd sn

prnphrh

udh

thrinth

bn agdtrgl, bgdbn sn hdgth

lhs

phrtns

qun

bnjnd snr lujrcahbhs,

ahfjchbhs

g lcfpchbhs

pnrcñbcahfndtn

agd

lhs

hdgthacgdns

bn

lh ernaundach

nd

mgrhs, bæhs, snfhdhs

g

fnsns.

Nsths fcsfhs hdgthacgdns sn trhslhbhd

hl

rnvnrsg bn lh thrinth

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg

rutcdhrcg

agfg

lcfpcnzh

y

lujrcahacñd

pnrcñbcahs,

agd

lhs cdbcahacgdns

agrrnspgdbcndtns

bn

ahbh

phrtn

prnphrhbhs

nd nl

`rhjhbg

g bcsnøg.

Nstg

pnrfctn

ujcahr, nd auhlqucnr cdsthdtn, lgs

pudtgs

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg.

·Xucãd

bcrc`n

lh lujrcahacñd

y

lcfpcnzh

pnrcñbcahs7

Nl

inen

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg

g

nl ndahr`hbg bn ãsth gpnrhacñd

phrh

lh

fèqucdh, nqucpg

g cdsthlhacñd.

·@ñfg

sn

nenatùh

lh

lujrcahacñd

y

lcfpcnzh

pnrcñbcahs7

Qgjrn

ahbh

fèqucdh,

nqucpg

g

cdsthlhacñd

y

bn

haunrbg

h

lhs

hdgthacgdns

bn

lh

thrinth

bn

lujrcahacñd

y

lcfpcnzh

pnrcñbcahs.

Hl nenatuhr

lh lujrcahacñd,

rnpgscacñd

g

lcfpcnzh sn hdgth lhs enamhs bn

ãsths

haacgdns,

cdbcahdbg hl

fcsfg

tcnfpg

lhs

prñxcfhs

haacgdns

prnvcsths,

sn`ùd

lh

ernaundach

bn

mgrhs

qun

snøhln

lh

thrinth. Nsths gpnrhacgdnq sn

prg`rhfhd

nd

mgrhrcgs

qun

dg

cdtnrrufphd

nl

prgansg

bn

trhjhig.

·Bñdbn

sn nenatùh

lh lujrcahacñd

y

lcfpcnzh

pnrcñbcahs7

Nd nl

prgpcg

thllnr bgdbn

sn

mhlln

lh

fèqucdh

g

nqucpg

nd

nl lu`hr

bn

cdsthlhacñd g agdegrfn

lgs

pudtgs

bn

lh

thrinth.

·Auèdbg

sn nenatùh

lh lujrcahacñd

y

lcfpcnzh

pnrcñbcahs7

Bn haunrbg h

lh

enamh

prgvcsth

nd

lh

thrinth

bn

lujrcahacñd

y

lcfpcnzh

pnrcñbcahs, prnvcg

agdtrgl

agd

lh

ahr`h bn trhjhig.

Nd

nl

ahsg

bn fèqucdhs

scfclhrns

g

`rupgs

bn fèqucdhs bn ud thllnr,

ãsths

fcsfhs hdgthacgdns,

qun

sn mhand

pgr

ahbh fèqucdh,

sn

nenatùh

nd

lgs

"Auhbrgs

@ndnrhlns

bn

Lujrcahacñd

y

Lcfpcnzh [nrcñbcahs".

=:



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

L^JZC@HACÑD

S

LCF[CNYH

[NZÑBC@HQ

RHLHBZG

EZNQHBGZ

Agb.

8;;8;2;=:1

Rhllnr

Fna.

@ndnrhl

^jca.

Hiustn

FHZAH9

AGF[LN]

FHAMCDN

Fgbnlg9 FB-1;=

Rcpg9

1GFCLBZCD

Qnrcn9

3= 8G:RG2

Dg

[HZRNQ

H

L^JZCAHZ

MGZHQ AGDB^ARG

L^JZCAHDRN

;8

Nins

bn

pglnhs

85= ldtnrcgr

Zhdbg

MB5=

(hanctn)

;: [hlhdah

sndsctcvh

2= ldtnrcgr

Hanctn

Rnllus 5=

;1

Zn`ulhbgr

bn hvhdan

2= ldtnrcgr

Hanctn Rnllus

5=

;2 Muscllg

:2

ldtnrcgr-Nxtnrcgr

@rhsh Hlvhdch N[-z

;> Fnsh

:2 Nxtnrcgr

@rhsh

Hlvèdch

N[-z

;5

Uglhdtn

bn

hvhdan

2=

ldtnrcgr

@rhsh

Hlvhdch

`rhbg

:

;0

Aglufdh

:2 Nxtnrcgr

@rhsh Hlvhdch

`rhbg

:

;= [hlhdah

sndsctcvh

:2

ldtnrcgr

Hanctn

Rnllus

5=

AHFJCGQ H

NENAR^HZ

MGZHQ

Ehihs

nd

U snrcn

J.2:

y

J-12

>;;;

Zgbhfcndtgs

QOE

5:;5

=;;;

[nrdg

bn Quinaacñd

882

y >/85'

8

>;;

Gjsnrvhacgdns9

=1



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

ldspnaacgdns

pnrcñbcahs,

scstnfhs

y

rnagrrcbgs

Lhs cdspnaacgdns

sgd lhs haacgdns

fès

cfpgrthdtns bnl fhdtndcfcndtg

prnvndtcvg

(F[),

pnrfctnd

hvcshr, agd hdtcacphacñd

bnjcbh,

lhs

agrrnaacgdns

nd

lhs

gpnrhacgdns,

rnpgscacgdns

y

rnphrhacgdns.

Nstg

rnqucnrn udh thrinth bn

cdspnaacñd,

nd

lh

qun

sn

cdbcah tgbgs

lgs

pudtgs

bn

cdspnaacñd9 bn

lujrcahacñd,

fnaèdcag

y

nlãatrcag

dnanshrcgs

phrh

ahbh

fèqucdh,

nqucpg

g

cdsthlhacñd.

Gjintcvg

Agdganr

lhs

pgscjlns

ndfcndbhs

nd gpnrhacgdns,

y

lhs

rnpgscacñd

g

rnphrhacgdns

h

nenatuhrsn

phrh

prg`rhfhr

ud F[

agd

nl

fædcfg bn

"phrgs"

prnvcstgs.

Jhsns

phrh

nenatuhr

lhs

cdspnaacgdns

Qn

prnphrh

thrinths

bn

cdspnaacñd

phrh

ahbh

fèqucdh g

nqucpg,

nd lhs

qun

sn snøhlh lhs

phrtns

h

snr

cdspnaacgdhbhs,

jhshbhs

nd

lhs

cdbcahacgdns

mnamhs

nd

nl

fhdtndcfcndtg

rutcdhrcg,

nd

lh

lcfpcnzhy

lujrcahacñd

pnrcñbcahs,

nd

lgs fhduhlns

bn

cdstruaacñd bgdbn sn

cdbcqund lhs

cdspnaacgdns

fnaèdcahs

y

nlãatrcahs,

y

lg

qun

lh nxpnrcndach dgs snøhln

phrh

ahbh

ahsg. Qn

cdbcah nd lhs thrinths

lh

ernaundach

nd mgrhs, bæhs, snfhdhs

g

fnsns

bn

lhs

cdspnaacgdns

h

rnhlczhrsn.

[hrh

nstg

snrè

dnanshrcg nenatuhr

ud

agdtrgl nstrcatg bn

lh

ahr`h bn

trhjhig,

rnhlczhdbg agfphrhacgdns

agd

lhs cdbcahacgdns bn

lh

ernaundachs hdgthbhs

nd

lh

thrinth

bn

cdspnaacñd.

·Xucãd

bcrc`n

lhs

cdspnaacgdns7

Nlinen

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg `ndnrhl

g

nl ndahr`g bn nsth

hatcvcbhb

phrh

acnrths

fèqucdhs,

nqucpgs

g

cdsthlhacgdns.

·Xu

cãdns nenatùhd

lhs cdspnaacgdns7

Nl

pnrsgdhl

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg

`ndnrhl

nspnachlfndtn

prnphrhbg

phrh

ãsths

thrnhs.

Rndbrèd

qun

nenatuhr ahlcjrhacgdns

bn

prnacscñd,

mhanr agfphrhacgdns,

nstubchr,

cdtnrprnthr rnsulthbgs

y

agfudcahr

lhs bnacscgdns

nd auhdtg

h ndfcndbhs,

rnpgscacgdns

y

rnphrhacgdns.

·Añfg

sn

nenatùhd

lhs

cdspnaacgdns7

Nd

egrfh

prg`rhfhbh

y

dg

cdtnrrufpcndbg

nl

prgansg

bn

trhjhig.

·Bñdbn

sn

nenatùh

t""

cdrp""acgdns7

Nd nl

prgpcg

thllnrbgdbn

sn ndaundtrh

lh fèqucdh / nqucpg g nd

lgs

lu`hrns bgdbn

sn

ndaundtrhd

lhs

cdsthlhacgdns.

=2



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

RHZINRH

BN-

CDQ[NAACÑD

[NZCÑBCAH

RHLHBZG

EZNQHBGZ

@gb. 8;;

8;2;=:1

Rhllnr

Fna.

@ndnrhl

^jca.

Hiustn

FHZ@H9

AGF[LN]

FHAMCDN

Fgbnlg9

FB-1;=

Rcpg9

1GF|LBZ|D

Qnrcn9

3J8G:zG2

Dg

Hdèlcscs

phrh

lh

ldspnaacñd

Blhs

Bn

Lujrcahacñd

;8

ldspnaacñd rnetc`nrhdtn

suecacndtn

phrh

lh mnrrhfcndth

bn agrtn

:

;:

ldspnaacñd

C

ujrcahacñd

bn fnsh

1

;1

hh

dspnaargd

ujrcahacñd

bn

aglufdh

:2

;2

dspnaacñd

ujrcahacñd

bnl muscllg

8:

;>

dspnaacñd

ujrcahacñd

bn rhdurhs

bn

fnsh trhsvnrshl.

:2

""'".d'

Fnaèdcag

;8

Hcustn

bn trhdsfcscñd

bn

ehchs

v

pglnhs

:2

;:

Hcustn

bn haansgrcgs

bn

sucnaacñd

2=

;1

Hcustn

bn fnsh

trhdsvnrshl

3=

;2

Hcustn

bn

phlhdah

sndsctcvh

85=

Nlãatrcag

;8

Auamcllh trceèscah

85=

;: ldtnrruptqtG-8

(jgtñd `ndnrhl)

85=

;1 [hrhbh

bn nfnr`qdach

hl fgtgr

2=

;2 Ehsns

bn

ndnr`æh

85=

Gjsnrvhacgdns9

=>



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

[rg`rhfh

bn

rnpgscacgdns

g rnphrhacgdns

.

Nstn

prg`rhfh pnrfctn

nenatuhr

lhs

rnpgscacgdns

cdbcahbhs

pgr

lhs cdspnaacgdns

y

lhs

rnphrhacgdns dnanshrchs

nd

lgs

ahsgs

bn

nfnr`ndach

susacthbgs.

Ns dnanshrcg agdthr agd ud

pnrsgdhl

hbnauhbg

phrh

nsths lhjgrns, agd

plndg

agdgacfcndtg

bn fnaèdcah

y

nlnatrcacbhb.

Gjintcvg

Nenatuhr lhs rnphrhacgdns

y

rnpgscacgdns

fnaèdcahs

y

nlãatrcahs

qun

sn mhd agdscbnrhbg

nd

¡r

nl

F[

y

lgs

ahsgs nfnr`ndach

susacthbgs.

Znpgscacgdns

y

rnphrhacgdns

Qn jhshd nd lhs agdscbnrhacgdns

mnamhs

pgr

lhs

cdspnaacgdns,

phrh

nl

ahsg bn

lhs

rnpgscacgdns

y,

phrh

lhs rnphrhacgdns

bn

nfnr`ndach, nd lhs rnagfndbhacgdns

qun

lgs

ehjrcahdtns cdbcahd.

·Xucãd

bcrc`n

lhs

rnpgscacgdns

y

rnphrhacgdns7

Nlinen bn fhdtndcfcndtg

`ndnrhl,

nd

aggrbcdhacñd

agd nlinen

bn

prgbuaacñd,

phrh

dg cdtnrenrcrnd

lgs

prgansgs

bn

trhjhig.

·Xucãdns

ninauthd

lhs rnpgscacgdns g

rnphrhacgdns7

Lgs gpnrhrcgs bn

fhdtndcfcndtg

`ndnrhl,

prnvch

bnsc`dhacñd

prg`rhfhbh.

·@ñfg

ninauthd

lhs rnpgscacgdns g

rnphrhacgdns7

Bn haunrbg h

lh grbnd

bn

trhjhig

prnphrhbh

phrh

ahbh

fèqucdh, nqucpg

g

cdsthlhacñd,

nd

jhsn

h lhs

cdspnaacgdns g

auhdbg

nl ahsg snh

bn

nfnr`ndach.

Nsth grbnd bnjn

agdsthr

nd nl

"auhbrg

`ndnrhl

bn

rnphrhacgdns"

bnl

thllnr

bn

fhdtndcfcndtg

`ndnrhl.

·Bñdbn

sn

nenatùh

lhs rnpgscacgdns

g rnphrhacgdns7

Nd nlthllnr bn

fhdtndcfcndtg

`ndnrhl,

sc

ns

qun

nl

trhdspgrtn

lg

pnrfctn,

g nd nl

lu`hr bgdbn

mh

scbg cdsthlhbh

lh

fèqucdh g

nqucpg.

·Auèdbg

sn

nenatùhd

lhs rnpgscacgdns g rnphrhacgdns7

Bn haunrbg h

lhs cdbcahacgdns

bn

lhs

cdspnaacgdns g nl ahsg

bn

nfnr`ndach

qun

sn

prnsndtn,

agdscbnrhdbg

lhs

prcgrcbhbns qun,

pgr

nl

prgansg

bn

trhjhig, snhd dnanshrchs.

=5



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

AGQRg BN

ZN[gQCaCÑru

g

ZN[HZHaCÑCC

RHLHBZG

EZNQHBGZ

@gb.

8;;8;2;=:1

Rhllnr

Fna.

@ndnrhl

^jca.

Hi

¡stn

FHZ@H9

AGF[LN]

FHAMCDN

Fgbnlg9 FB-1;=

Rcpg9

1GF|LBZCD

Qnrcn9

3=8;:0;2

Dg

Ahdtcbhb

@gfpgdndtns

bn lh Znpgscacñd

g Znphrhacñd

@gstg

^dct.

Agstg

Rgthl

;8 :

Zgbhfcndtgs

QOE 5:;5

s/. 5; .;;

s/.

8:;

.;;

;: 2

[nrdgs

>/85 tcgg

Hllnd

s/.

: .;;

Q/

= .;;

;1

:

[nrdgs

>/=x5"

ahjnzh nxhggdhl

s/. >

.;;

Q/ 8; .;;

;2

2

[nrdgs

882 lcgg Hllnd

s/.

8

.;;

Q/

5 .;;

;> 8

ldtnrrugtgr

;-8

s/. 1; .;;

Q/

1;

.;;

;5

:

Ehch

nd

U

snrcn J-2:

v

J-12

s/.

8>

.;;

Q/

1; .;;

;0

:

[glnhs

rnatcecahbhs

s/. >;

.;;

s/.

8;;

.;;

;=

@rhsh

ghrh

rgbhfcndtgs

8:;;

s/.

1;

.;;

Q/ 1;

.;;

;3

8

@rhsh Fgjcl qrhbg

:

s/.

8;

.;;

Q/

8;

.;;

8;

:

Rhrrgs

bn

gcdturh

vnrbn

v

dngrg 882

bn ghlñd

s/.

8:

.;;

Q/

:2

.;;

:

Jcshgrhs

Q/ ;;

Q/

1

.;;

RGRHL Q/.

Gjsnrvhacgdns9

=0



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

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gggg

K

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a

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6

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C

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hbcacgdhlns

qun

sgd nsndachlns h

lh

lujrcahacñd

fgbnrdh.

Rgbhs

nsths

prgpcnbhbns punbnd

snr

fgbcecahbhs burhdtn

su

ehjrcahacñd

phrh

prgbuacr

nl lujrcahdtn

hbnauhbg

phrh

ahbh udh

bn sus

hfplchs

y

vhrchbhs

hplcahacgdns.

-

Mhd scbg

bnshrrgllhbhs

h

fhdg agd

lh fgbnrdh

fhqucdhrch

qun

nllgs

lujrcahd.

-

Lh necacndach, scdg

lh nxcstndach

bn

fuamhs

cdbustrchs

hatuhlns

y

lhs ehaclcbhbns

bn

trhdspgrtn, bnpndbnd

thdtg

bn

lgs

lujrcahdtns

bn

pntrñlng

agfg bn lgs

agfjustcjlns

bn

pntrñlng.

Nl lujrcahdtn jèscag bn

pntrñlng

ns hanctn

lujrcahdtn, hl auhl agd ernaundach,

dgs rnenrcfgs

agfg

hanctn lujrcahdtn,

hl

auhl agd

ernaundach,

dgs rnenrcfgs

agfg

"hanctn"

scfplnfndtn.

Nsth

fnzalh agfplnih

bn

fglãaulhs

bn

mcbrgahrjurg,

rnprnsndthd

udh

bn lhs

cfpgrthdtns

alhscecahacgdns bn prgbuatgs bnrcvhbgs bn lh rnecdhacñd bn hanctns bn

pntrñlng

arubg

y

nstè

eèaclfndtn bcspgdcjln

nd udh

`rhd

vhrcnbhb

bn

tcpgs

y `rhbgs.



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

Hanctns

Lujrcahdtns

[hrh

lgs

hanctns

lujrcahdtns

bn

tcpg cdbustrchl

hutgfgtrcz

y

bn trhdsfcscgdns,

ahbh

agfphøæh

ehjrcah hanctns

bn

acnrth

cfpgrthdach,phrhudh

lædnh

supnrcgrh

lgs 1;;

tcpgs.

Lgs

1;;

tcpgs

bcenrndtns,

prèatcahfndtn

nstèd

cdaluæbgs

nd

lh

sc`ucndtn

lcsth9

K

[hrh agrtn

K

[hrh

rgbhfcndtg

nd

`ndnrhl

K

[hrh

nd`rhdhins

K

[hrh

èrjglns

K

[hrh

turjcdhs

K

[hrh

agfprnsgrns

bn

hcrn

&

[hrh

agfprnsgrns

bn rnerc`nrhacñd

K

[hrh trhthfcndtgs

tãrfcags

K

[hrh

fgtgrns

nlãatrcags

eec

[hrh fèqucdhs

h

vhpgr

K

[hrh

fèqucdhs

tnxtclns

K

[hrh

jgfjhs

bn

h`uh

K

[hrh mnrrhfcndths

dnufèt¡ahs

K

[hrh

trhdsegrfhbgrns

nlãatrcags

K

[hrh fèqucdhs

mnrrhfcndths

K

Mcbrèulcags

K

[hrh trhdsfcscgdns

hutgfètcahs

K

[hrh fgtgrns

h

agfjustcñd

cdtnrdh

K

[hrh trhdsfcscgdns

HANCRNQ

CDB^QRZ/HLNQ

HANCRNQ

RZHDQFCA/GDNQ

HANCRNQ

H^RGFGCGZNQ

3>



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

[rgpcnbhbns

[hrh bnacbcr sgjrn

lh

agdvcvndach

bn nfplng

bn ud hanctn, sn bnjnd tndnr nd

aundth tgbhs

lhs

agdbcacgdns

jhig

lhs

auhlns

vh

h

trhjhihr,

pgr

qun

lh ahphacbhb bn ud hanctn,

phrh

llndhr lhs

agdbcacgdns

bn

udh

gpnrhacñd nspnaæecah, bnpndbnd

bn

acnrths

prgpcnbhbns

eæscahs

y

quæfcahs.

Lhs

prgpcnbhbns

bn

ud

hanctn

lujrcahdtn

vhræh sn`ùd9

.

Nl

pntrñlng

arubg

bnlqun

sn

bnrcvh.

.

Lgs

prganbcfcndtgs

bn

rnecdhacñd

utclczhbgs

nd su

fhduehaturh.

.

Nl`rhbg

bn

rnecdhacñd.

.

Lh

erhaacñd

phrtcaulhr

bnl

pntrñlng

arubg

bn

lh

auhl sn

gjtcndn

y,

.

Lgs hbctcvgs

qun

agdtcndn.

Lhs

prgpcnbhbns

bn

lgs

hancens lujrcahdùns

sn

bntnrfcdhd

pgr

lhs sæ`ucndens

agdsthdÙns?

;8.-

Ucsagscbhb.

;:.-

ldbcan

bn

vcsagscbhb.

;1.-

[udtg

bn

cdelhfhacñd

;2.-

[udtg bn

agfjustcñd.

;>.-

[udtg

bn

elu¡b

nz.

;5.-

[udtg

bn

agd`nlhacñd.

;0

.-

[grandthin

bn andczhs.

;=.-

[grandthin

bn

ahrjñd.

;3.-

Agdtndcbg

bn

h`uh.

8;.-

Znscstndach

h

lh

gxcbhacñd.

88

.-

Znscstndach

h

lh

agrrgscñd.

8:.-

Hacb

nz.

81.-

ldbcan

bn

dnutrhlczhacñd.

82.-

ldbcan

bn shpgdcecahacñd.

8>.- Uhlgr

bn

dnutrhlczhacñd.

85.-

^dtugs¡bhb.

80 .-

Nfulscñd.

8=.-

Nspufh.

83.-

Aglgr.

:;.-

Bndscbhb.

:8

.-

[udtg

bn

elgaulhacñd.

::.-

Zc`

cbnz

b cnlãatrcah

.

35



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

UCQAGQCBHB

u'"\c

rs

Ns

lh

ahrhatnræstcah

fès

cfpgrthdtn

phrh

lh

nlnaacñd bn

lgs hanctns

y

sn

bnecdn

agfg

lh

rnscstndach

bn

ud

lcqucbg

h elucr. Ns

lh

cdvnrsh

bn

lh elucbnz

y

sn

bnjn

h

lh erhaacñd

bn

lhs

phrtæaulhs

bnl

lcqucbg.

Lh vcsagscbhb

sn

vhlgrh

sn`ùd

lgs

fãtgbgs

ushbgs

phrh

su

bntnrfcdhacñd.

Ucsagscbhb.

Nd

lh

prhatcah,

lh fnbcacñd

bn lh vcsagscbhb

sn

mhan

nd hphrhtgs

bndgfcdhbgs vcsagsæfntrgs,

nd

lgs

auhlns sn

bntnrfcdh

nl tcnfpg

qun

thrbh

nd

vhachrsn

ud vglufnd

ecig bn

hanctn

h

bntnrfcdhbh

tnfpnrhturh

y

pgr

ud

tujg

bn bcèfntrg

agdgacbg.

Lgs fèsnfplnhbgs

sgd

lgs

Nd`lnr, Znbwggb

yQhyjglt.

Lgs

`rhbgs

bn vcsagscbhb

hsæbntnrfcdhbgs

bnjnd

hagfphøhrsn

scnfprn

bn

lh

cdcachl

bnl

vcsagsæfntrg

y

bn

lh

tnfpnrhturh

bn

ndshyg?

pgrninfplg9

>"N

h"A,:>

Q.Q.^.

h

:8;"E,nta.

Dùfnrgs

QHN.

Nsthjlnacbg

pgr

lh

Qgacnty

ge Hutgfgtcvn

Nd`cdnnrs

phrh

nspnacecahr

`hfhs

bn vcsagscbhbns

bn hanctns

phrh

hutgfñvclns.

Lgs dùfnrgs bn cdvcnrdg

(QHN-QP,

8;P

:;P)

sn bntnrfcdhd

h tnfpnrhturhs

jhig anrg,

y

lgs

bn vnrhdg

(QHN-:;,

1;,2;,

>;, 5;) h 8 ;;'A.

ldbcan

bn vcsagscbhb.

Lh

vcsagscbhb

bn lgs lujrcahdtns

bcsfcduyn

nlnvhrsn

lh tnfpnrhturh.

S ns dnanshrcg

agdganr

lgs

`rhbgs

bn

vhrchacñd,

prcdacphlfndtn

auhdbg lgs lujrcahdtns

sn

mhd

bn

nfplnhr

nd

fèqucdhs

g fgtgrns

qun

trhjhihd

h

hlths

tnfpnrhturhs.

Lh

nsahlh

bn

lgs

ædbcans bn vcsagscbhb eun

nsthjlnacbh

tgfhdbg

hanctns bn

bcenrndtns

prganbcfcndtgs y

alhscecaèdbglgs

bnsbn

;

(fuamh

vhrchacñd)

mhsth

8;;

(fuy

pgah

vhrchacñd).

Nd lh

prhatcah

sn agdscbnrhd9

Jhig 9 fndgsbn2;.

Fnbcg

9

bn

2;

h

=;.

Hltg

9

fhs

bn =;.

HANCRN

BN

JHIH

UCQAGQCBHB

( Bnl`hbg agfg h`uh

)

HANCRN

BN HLRH UCQAGQCBHB

( Nspnsg

agfg

fnlhzh

)

[hrh

agfprndbnr

bn

qun

egrfh

nl

hanctn

pndntrh

ndtrn

bgs

supnre¡acns

nd agdthatg

g nd

ud agicdntn

y

rnag`n

y

trhdspgrth

lh

ahr`h,

sn rnqucnrn

udh

nxpl¡ahacñd

sgjrn

vcsags

cbhb.

Lh vcsagscbhb

bn

ud

læqucbg

ns

su rnscstndach

h

elucr.

30



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

Nenatgs bn

lh

tnfpnrhturh

Ec`.

8

Nl hanctn ns fès nspnsg h

jhihs

tnfpnrhturhs

y

fès

bnl`hbg h hlths

tnfpnrhturhs.

Ec`. 8 .

Lh vcsagscbhb nd

ud

læqucbg

bntnrfcdhbg

dg

ns

agdsthdtn?

vhræh

agd

lh tnfpnrhturh.

H

fnbcbh

qun

ud hanctn

sn

ahlcndth,

su

vcsagscbhb bnsacndbn

y,

sn

vunlvn fès bnl`hbg.

Agdtrhrchfndtn,

uel

han¡tn

sn

vunlvn

fès

nspnsg

s¡

su

tnfpnrhturh

Qn rnbuan.

Dg

elucrèthd

rèpcbhfndtn.

[gr nsg auhdbg

udg sn

rnecnrn

hlh

vcsags¡bhb bn ud

elucbg

agd

ud

dùfnrg,

nstn

dùfnrg

dg sc`dcecah

dhbh

h

fndgs

qun

sn

hagfphøn

bn

lh

tnfpnrhturh hlhqun

sn sgfntcÑ.

Bn

c`uhl fgbg ud

hanctn

qun

ns

fès

pnshbg

qun

gtrg,

bnjn

snr

fès

pnshbg

h

auhlqucnr

tnfpnrhtu

rh

hlhqun

hfjgs

sn

`rhbùnd.

3=



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

Lgs læqucbgs

nspnsgs agfg lh

fnlhzh tcndn rnlhtcvhfndtn

hlth

vcsagscbhb?

dg eluynd

eèaclfndtn.

El`.:

Lgs

læqucbgs

fès

bnl`hbgs,

agfg

nl

hùh,

eluynd

fuy

eèaclfndtn

y

tcndn

vcsagscbhb

fès

jhih.

Auhdbg

sn trhth

bn

hanctns

lujrcahdtns,

m vcsagscbhb

ns

udh bn

lhs

prgpcnbhbns

fès

eudbhfndthlns y

`rhd

phrtn

bn

lh

mcstgrch

bn

lh

lujrcahacñd

nstè

jhshbh

nd nllh.

Lh

vnlgacbhb

bnl nin

y

lh vcsagscbhb

nstèd

nstrnamhfndtn

hlchbhs

nd nl

fhdtndcfcndtg

bn

udh

jundh

.pnlæaulh

bn

hanctn nd

nl agicdntn.

Auhdtg

fndgr

snh Ch

vnlgacbhb

bnl

nin, fhygr

bnjn

snr lh vcsagscbhb

g

nl

nspnsgr bnl

hanctn h

ushr.

H

fnbcbh

qun

sn

hufndth lh

vnlgacbhb

bnl

nin sn

dnanscth ud

hanctn

fès

bnl`hbg

g

bn

vcsagscbhb

fès

jhih.

Hsæ

vnfgs

nd

lh

ec`. :

qun

lgs

agi cdntns

bn

jhi

h vnlgacbhb

usuhlfndtn

tcndnd

mglùrhs

g

iun`g

rnlhtcvhfndtn

hfplcgs

ndtrn

nl

agicdntn

y

nl nin,

pgr

lg

thdtg sn

utclczh

ud

hanctn

pnshbg

g bn hlth

vcsagscbhb,

Lgs

agicdntns

bn

hlth

vcsagscbhb

tcndnd

mglùrhs

fès

nstrnamhs.

Nd

agdsnaundach

sn

dnanscth

ud

hanctn

bnl`hbg

g

bn jhih

vcsagscbhb.

Dg l9 Nin

bn

jhih

vnlgacbhb

Dg

:9

Nin

bn

jhih

vnlgacbhb fnbch

Mgl`hburh

g

Iun`g

@rhdbn

Mgl`hburh

g

iun`g

pnqunøg

33

Dg

19

Nin

bn hlth vnlgacbhb



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

ldbcan

bn

vcsagscbhb

Lgs hanctns

lujrcahdtns, agfg

gtrgs

læqucbgs, tcndbnd h hbnl`hzhrsn

g

vglvnrsn fndgs

vcsagsgs auhdbg

sn

nderæhd?

scd

nfjhr`g,

dg tgbgs

Cgs

hanctns rnspgdbnd bn

lh

fcsfh

fhdnrh

h ud

ahfjcgbntnfpnrhturh

bhbh.

Hl`udgs

han¡tns

vhræhd

'pgag

su

vcsagscbhb

agd

lh

tnfpnrhturh

y

sgd

agdgacbgs

agfg hanctns bn hltg

ædbcan

bn vcsagscbhb.

Gtrgs

vhræhd

fuamg

su

vcsagscbhb

agd

lh

tnfpnrhturh

y

sgd

agdgacbgs

agfg

hanctns

bn jhig

ædbcan bn vcsagscbhb.

Nl ædbcan bn

vcsags¡bhb

ns,

udh

fnbcbh

bn

lh rns¡stndach

bn

lgs

hanctns

h

ahfjchr

su

vcsagscbhb

agd

lh

tnfpnrhturh.

H

fndgr

vhrchacñd cfplcahrè

ud

fndgr ædbcan

bn

vcsags¡bhb.

Ninfplg9

Qc h

udh

fèqucdh,

ln aglgahfgs

hanctn

agd

ud

ædbcan bn

vcsagscbhb

phrh

qun

trhjhin

nd

tnfpnrhturh bn

8QgA h >;gA,

nl

hanctn

sn bnsnfpnøhrè

fuy

jcnd nd ãths tnfpnrhturhs,

pnrg

s¡

pgr

rhzgdns

hfjcndthlns,

lh

tnfpnrhturh ns fndgr

h

8>g

A, ndtgdans

nstn

han¡tn

yh

dg

prnsndth

lhs vndthihs

hdtnrcgrns

,

phrh

lg

auhl

tndnfgs

qun

jusahr gtrg

hanctn

bn

I,

fndgr

ædbcan bn

vcsags¡bhb.

[gr gtrh

phrtn,

ns

fuy

ernaundtn

vnr

qun

lgs

hanctns

bn

hltg

ædbcan bn

vcsagscbhb

tcndnd

fnigr

nsthjclcbhb

quæfcah

y

fhygr

rnscstndach

h lh

gxcbhacñd

qun

lgs

bn jhig

ædbcan

bn

vcsagscbhb.

[udtg bn

cdelhfhacñd

Nl

pudtg

bn

cdelhfhacñd

ns

lh

fædcfè

tnfpnrhturh

nd

lh

auhl nl hanctn

lcjnrh g bnsprndbn

vhpgrns

qun

sn

ndandbnrèd

eu`hzfndtn

auhdbg sn

phsh

nd

egrfh

pnrcñbcah

udh

pnqunøh

llhfh

sgjrn

lh supnrecacn

bnlhanctn.

Nl

pudtg

bn cdelhfhacñd

dgs

cdbcah

lhs

pãrbcbhs

pgr

nvhpgrhacñd h

lhs

tnfpnrhturhs

bn

gpnrhacñd.

8;;



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

[udtg

bn

Agfjustcñd

Nl

pudtg

bn agfjustcñd

g ndandbcbg ns lh tnfpnrhturh fès

jhih

h

lh

auhl nl hanctn

sn

ndacndbn

y

agdtcdùh hrbcndbg

ud

fædcfg

bn

acdag snùdbgs agdsnautcvgs.

Nl agdgacfcndtg

bn lgs

pudtgs

bn

cdelhfhacñd

y

agfjustcñd

bn ud

lujrcahdtn

dgs

pnrfctn

tgfhr

lhs

bnjcbhs

prnahuacgdns

nd

lgs hlfhandhins

y phrh

alhscecahr

nl rcns`g

agdtrh

lgs

pnlc`rgsbn

cdandbcg.

Nxcstnd

bcvnrsgs fãtgbgs

phrh

bntnrfcdhr lgs

pudtgs

bn cdelhfhacñd

y

agfjustcñd,

pnrg

nl

fès

ushbg

nd

hanctns lujrcahdtns

ns nl

fãtgbg Alnvnlhdb

bn agph

hjcnrtg.

[udtg

bnelucbnz

Bntnrfcdh

lh fndgrtnfpnrhturh

h lh

qunelucrè

ud

hanctn

nd

rnpgsg.

Nlhanctn

sn

aglgah

nd

ud

tujg prgvcstg

bn ud

thpñd agd

ud

tnrfñfntrg

nd su

andtrg.

Nltujg

sn

sufnr`n

nd ud

jhøg erc`græecag

y

ahbh

>; E

(:.=g

A)

bn bnsandsg

bn

tnfpnrhturh

sn

agdtrglh

sc

nl

hanctn

hùd eluyn.

Nfulscñd

@ndnrhlfndtn,

lgs hanctns fcdnrhlns

purgs

y

nl hùh dg sn

fnzalhd.

Qcd nfjhr`g auhdbg

ud

hanctn sn

ndsuach,

lhs

phrtæaulhs

agdthfcdhdtns

hatùhd

agfg h`ndtns

phrh

prgfgvnr

lh

nfulscñd, scndbg

lh

fnzalh bn

hùh agd

hanctn, sufhfndtn cdagdvndcndtn,

nd

nspnachl nd lgs

hanctns

bn

lujrcahacñd

y

arètnr

(shlvg

nd

ahsgs

bn

lgs

hanctns

bn

agrtn

pgr

ninfplg).

Nd

tgbhs

lhs

hplcahacgdns bn agicdntns hdtcercaacñd, shlvg

lgs

ahsgs,

nd

qun

nl

hanctn phsh udh

vnz

h

trhvãs

bnl

agicdntn,

y

sn

pcnrbn,

lh

rnscstndach

h

egrfhr

nfulscñd ns

ud ehatgr

cdbcspndshjln

y

nl

hanctn bnjn snphrhrsn

rèpcbhfndtn

bnl

hùh. Bnjn

pgsnnr

udh

jundh

"Nfulsclcbhb".

Nspufh

Lh

prnsndach

bn nspufh mhan

qun

lh

pnlæaulh

bn hanctn

punbh

snr cdsuecacndtn

gahscgdhdbg

snrcgs

prgjlnfhs

nd lgs nqucpgs,

pgrehlth

bn

lujrcahacñd.

Lh

egrfhacñd

bn nspufh

(fnzalh

bn hanctn

agd hcrn),

ns

cdbcspndshjln,

prcdacphlfndtn

nd

hanctns

agd

arètnr,

bn

nd`rhdhins

y

nd

scstnfh

bn

acraulhacñd.

8;8




Aglgr

Nl

aglgrbn ud

hanctn

dg

ns cdbcahacñd bn

su auhlcbhb.

Nl

aglgr

sn agdtrglh

pgr

nl rnecdhbg

agd

nl

ecd bn fhdtndnr

udh

nspnacn bn

fhrah

bn

eèjrcah

phrh ahbh tcpg

bn

hanctn.

Lh HQRF mh

nsthjlnacbg

udh

thjlh

dufnrhbh,

bnsbn

8

h =,

phrh

lh

dgrfhlczhacñd

bn

lgs

aglgrns.

Dufnrhacñd

bn

lgs @glgrns

bn

Hanctn

Dg

AGLGZ

8

8.>

:.;

1.;

1.>

2.;

2.>

>.;

5.;

0.;

=.;

Jlhdag

lcrcg

Jlhdag

arnfh

Nxtrh

pèlcbg

Lcfñd

pèlcbg

Dhrhdih

nxtrh

pèlcbg

Dhrhdih

pèlcbg

[èlcbg

Zgig gsaurg

alhrg

Zgig

gsaurg

Zgig jurbngs

Zgig nxtrh

gsaurg

Bndscbhb

Ns lh

rnlhacñd

ndtrn

nl

pnsg

bn

ud

hanctn

y

nl bn

cùhlvglufnd bn hùh bnstclhbh h

8QgA

Lh

bndscbhb

bn

ud

hanctn

dg cdbcah nd

fhdnrh hlùdh su auhlcbhb agfg lujrcahdtn.

[udtg

bn

Elgaulhacñd

Ns lh

tnfpnrhturh

qun

mh

scfpln

vcsth bnih

dgthr

lh egrfhacñd

bn

pnqunøgs `rufgs

bn

anrh.

Hudqun lh ahdtcbhb

vhræn

gjstndcjlnfndtn,

lgs hanctns

bn

rnerc`nrhacñd

agdtcndnd

pnqunøgs

pgrandthins

bn

anrh.

Auhdbg

lh

tnfpnrhturh

bnlhanctn

bcsfcduyn

lh

sglujclcbhb bn

lh

anrh

thfjcãd bcsfcduyn.

Auhdbg

mhy

fès anrah bn

lh

qun

punbn

agdtndnr

nl hanctn,

sn

snphrh

phrtn

bn nllh

y

sn

prnacpcth.

Lh

anrh

lcjrn

qun

sn

egrfh auhdbg

ns

nderchbg

ud hanctn bn rnerc`nrhacñd,

punbn

gjstrucr

lgs

bcspgsctcvgs

bn

fnbcbh

y

agdtrgl,

hsæ

agfg

bcsfcducrnleluig.

¡

Lh

anrh

sn bnpgscth

dgrfhlfndtn

nd

lhs

phrtns

fès eræhs

bnl scstnfh,

prgbuacndbg

udh

bcsfcduacñd

bn

trhdsenrndach

bn ahlgr

y

rnstrcaacñd

bn

el

uig.

Zc`cbnz Bcnlãatrcah

Ns lh fnbcbh bn

lh

rnscstndach

bn

ud

hanctn

hl

phsg

bn

lh

agrrcndtn nlãatrcah.

Ns

cfpgrthdtn

lh

rc`cbnz bcnlãatrcah

pgr

qun

ns

udh fnbcbh bn lhs cfpurnzhs bnl hanctn.

sc

nstè

nxndth

bn fhtnrchs nxtrhøhs,

prnsndth

udh

nlnvhbh rnscstndach

h lh

agrrcndtn nlãatrcah.

Lgs

jundgs

hanctns bn rnerc`nrhacñd

tcndnd,

dgrfhlfndtn,

udh rc`cbnz nlãatrcah bn

fès

bn

:>

Oclgvgltcgs

Agfg

punbn

gjsnrvhrsn,

auhdtg fès hlth ns lh

acerh,

thdtg fès

gsaurg ns

nl

han¡tn

hl qun

agrrnspgdbn.

8;:



.-6W6---

FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

LGQ

HBCRCUGQ

H[LC@HACÑD

Lgs

hbctcvgs

sgd

nlnfndtgs

quæfcags

qun

sn h`rn`hd

h

lgs

lujrcahdtns

phrh

fnigrhr

acnrths

prgpcnbhbns.

Lgs

hbctcvgs

agdtcndnd9

g

ldm,

Gxcbhacñd

g

Bntnr`ndtns

g

Bcspnrshdtns

g

Hdtc-mnrrufjn

g

Hdtc-bns`hstn

g

Fnigrhbgrns

g

Ucsagscbhb

g

Gtrgs,

C

^ZQH

[ZNFC^F

QHN

:>P.>;

Fèxcfh Ucsagscbhb

K

Bcsnøhbg

phrh

sgpgrthr

agdthfcdhdtns

,/

Agfjust¡jln

,/

Mufnbhb

,/

Mgllæd

/

[gtvg

^ZQH

[ZNFC^F

QHN

:>P->;

Znbuan

nl

agdsufg

bn

hanctn

;

Bcsnøhbg

nspnachlfndtn

phrh

lgs

fgtgrns

bcnsnl

qun

agdsufnd

hanctn

nxanscvhfndtn

y

phrh

hqunllgs

rnacãd

rnphrhbgs.

HANCRNQ

[HZH

ND@ZHDHINQ

H^RGFGRZCANQ

Rmujhd

-

QHN 3;, 82;

y

:>;.

H[C

@L-8

^dcvnrshc

@nhr

Lujrcahdt

N[

-

QHN

3;

y

82;. H[C

@L-2

Fultc`nhr

N[,

Mhvglcdn

@nhr

G¡l

-

QHN

=;P-3;

y

=>P-82;,

H[C

@L-s

Fultc`nhr LQ

-

[hrh bcenrndachlns

agd'Bnslczhfcndtg

Lcfcthbg

-

QHN

=GP-3;

8;1



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

LHQ @ZHQHQ

Lhs

`rhshs

sgd

bcspnrscgdns

bn hanctn

nd

ihjñd.

Qn nfplnhd

phrh

lujrcahr zgdhs

cfpgscjlns

bn

nd`rhshr

agd hanctn,

jcnd

pgr

ehlth

bn agdbcacgdns

phrh

su

rntndacñd, jcnd

pgrqun

lh

htfñsenrh bn pglvg

y

suacnbhb nd qun sn ndaundtrh lh fèqucdh hagdsnih

lh

utclczhacñd bn

ud

lujrcahdtn

phstgsg.

^dh

bn

lhs ahrhatnræstcahs

fès

cfpgrthdtns

bn

lhs

`rhshs

ns nl

pudtg

bn

`gtng,

ns

bnacr,

lh tnfpnrhturh

fædcfh

h

lh

auhl

lh

`rhsh

agdtndcbh

nd ud

hphrhtg

nspna¡hl

nfpcnzh

h

`gtnhr

pgr

ud

gr¡e¡acg

sctuhbg

nd

lh

phrtn

cdenrcgr.

Ns

fuy

cfpgrthdtn,

yh

qun

pnrfctn

agdganr

lh

tnfpnrhturh

fèxcfh bn nfplng.

Qn`ùd

nl

ihjñd qun lhs egrfh, lhs

`rhshs

punbnd

snr aèlaca€ts,

sñbcahs,

hl

hlufcdcg,

hl

lctcg,

hl

jhrcg,

nta.

^dh

`rhsh

lujrcahdtn

ns

lh fnzalh

ndtrn ud

lujrcahdtn læqucbg

y

ud

h`ndtn

nspnshdtn,

`ndnrhlfndtn

ihjñd

.

[unbnd cdagrpgrhrsn

h

nsth

fnzalh

hbctcvgs

qun

ln cfphrtnd

prgpcnbhbns

nspnachlns

g bn bntnrfcdhbhs

ahrhatnræstcahs

bn

rndbcfcndtg.

Nl

agfpgdndtn elucbg punbn snr

ud

hanctn fcdnrhl

purg

bnrcvhbg

bnl

pntrñlng

g

udg scd

pntrñlng.

Lgs

ihjgdns

bn

usg

fès

agfùd

Qgd

h

jhsn

bn

lctcg,

ahlacg,

sgbcg,

hlufcdcg

y

jhrcg

g

acnrths

agfjcdhacgdns

bn

ãstgs

agd gtrgs

fhtnrchlns

thlns

agfg

ahlacg-

plgfg.

Lh agfpgscacñd

punbn

vhrchr

agdscbnrhjlnfndtn,

agd

lg

qun

Qn gjtcndnd

alhsns

bn

`rhshs

agd

prgpcnbhbns fuy

bcstcdths, bnpndbcndbg

prcdacphlfndtn

bn

lh

prgpgracñd

y

tcpg

bnlihjñd,

lhs

prgpcnbhbns

rntndnbgrhs

bn

lh

`rhsh,

rnscstndach

hl

ahlgr,

hl h`uh,

h

lhs ahr`hs

nxtrnfhs

y

h

gtrhs agdbcacgdns

hbvnrshs.

Hsæ agfg

lhs

ahrhatnræstcahs

e¡caacgdhlns

nd sæ bnpndbnd

nxaluscvhfndtn

bnl

agdtndcbg

bnlhanctn.

Lh

vcsagscbhb

bnl

hanctn-jhsn

ns ud

ehatgr bntnrfcdhdtn

bn

lh

`rhsh

phrh

prgbuacr

udh hbnauhbh

pnlæaulh

lujrcahdtn.

üL

ür

üR

üR

HR

8;2



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

Znqunrcfcndtgs

jèscags bn rndbcfcndtg

Lhs

`rhshs

sn

nfplnhd nd

lu`hrbn

eluæbgs auhdbg

sn

rnqucnrn

qun

nl

lujrcahdtn fhdtnd`h

su

pgscacñd

grc`cdhl

nd ud fnahdcsfg,

nspnachlfndtn

auhdbg lhs

ehaclcbhbns

phrh

udh ernaundtn

lujrcahacñd snhd lcfcthbhs

g

nagdñfcahfndtn. cdiustcecahbhs.

Nstn

rnqunrcfcndtg

punbn

bnjnrsn hl bcsnøg bnl

fnahdcsfg,

nl tcpg

bn trhjhig, nl tcpg bn

snllhbg g

lh dnanscbhb

qun

nl lujrcahdtn snh

phrachl

g tgthlfndtn

snllhbgr

phrh prnvndcr

,

pãrbcbhs

bn lujrcahdtn

ylglh

ndtrhbh

bn

agdthfcdhdtns.

Bnjcbg

h su nsndachlfndtn dhturhlnzh sñlcbh, lhs

`rhshs

dg

nenatùhd nltrhjhig

bn

nderchbg

y

lcfpcnzh

prgpch

bn ud lujrcahdtnelucbg.

Ndtrn

lhs

eudacgdns

qun

sn

rnqucnrnd

nd

udh

hplcahacñd

bntnrfcdhbh,

bnsthahd9

;8.- Jundh

ahphacbhb

bn

lujrcahacñd.-

rnqucsctg

`ndnrhl

phrh

rnbuacr

lh

ercaacñd

y

prnvndcr bns`hstns bhøcdgs.

;:.-

Agdscstndach hbnauhbh.

;1.-

Xun

snh hbnauhbh

phrh

lh tnfpnrhturh

bn trhjhig

-

jhih,

dgrfhl

g

hlth.

;2.-

Xun

dg

sn ndburnzahd nxanscvhfndtn nd

tcnfpg eræg

ahushdbg udh rns¡stndach cdbnsnhjln hl

fgvcfcndtg.

;>.- Jundhs

prgpcnbhbns

hdtcagrrgs¡vhs.

;5.-

Nsthjclcbhb

h

lh

gxcbhacñd.

;0

.-

Ahpha¡bhb

phrh

sgpgrthr

`rhdbns

ahr`hs.

;=.- Znscstcr

h

lgs ahfjcgs

dgthjlns nd

su

nstruaturh

g

agdscstndach bnjcbg

hl trhjhig

fnaèdcag

burhdtn

ud

snrvcacg

prglgd`hbg.

;3.-

Xun

snh

hbnauhbh

phrh

lh

vnlgacbhb

bn

euda¡gdhfcndtg.

8;.- Hatuhr agfg snllg

phrh

prnvndcr

lh

ndtrhbh bn

pglvg

y

h`uh.

88.-

Znscstndach

h

lh

eu`h,

`gtngs

g h snr

hrrgihbhs eunrh

bn

lhs

supnrecacns lujrcahbhs.

8:.-

Nl

tglnrhr

acnrtg

`rrGg

bn

agdthfcdhacñd,

thl

agfg

mufnbhb,

scd

pnrbnr

sc`dcecahtcvhfndtn

sus

ahrhatnræstcahs.

81.- Ahphacbhb

phrh

hfgrtc`uhr

nl

rucbg.

82.- Qnr agfphtcjln agd lgs snllgs g

rntndns,y

gtrgs fhtnrchlns

nfplnhbgs

nd lgs

fnahdcsfgs

nd

agdthatg

agd

nl

8.?

_`jrcahdtn.

(Gjturhacgdns

y

ihulhs

bn

rgbhfcndtgs).

8;>



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

AGDQCQRNDACH BN

LH

@ZHQH

C

RC[GQ

Rcpgs

@rhshs

aèlacahs

Ec`.

8

@rhshs

sñbcahs

@rhshs hl

hlufcdcg

@rhshs

hl

lctcg

@rhshs hl

jhrcg

Ec`. 1

Rcndnd

ud

hspnatg fhdtnagsg,

(Ec`.

8)

sgd sglujlns nd hùh,

rnscstnd

=;"A

y

sgd

fuy

nagdñfcahs.

Qn nfplnhd

phrh

lujrcahr rgbhfcndtgs

sctuhbgs nd

lgs

amhscs

bn

lgs

hutgfñvclns

y

rgbhfcndtgs

bn fèqucdhs

qun

trhjhind

h

pgah

vnlgacbhb

y

h fndgs bn

0;gA.

Rcndnd

ud

hspnatg

ecjrgsg,

sgd

nfulscgdhjlns

nd hùh,

rnscstnd

.8:;"A

y

sgd

pgag

euscjlns.

Qn

nfplnhd

phrh

rgbhfcndtgs

nd

qun

dg mhyh

pnlc`rg

bn

agdthatg agd nl hùh.

Qgd

bn

hspnatg ecjrgsg

y

trhdsphrndtn,

cdsglujlns nd

nl

hùh, fuy

hbmnscvhs

y

fuy nsthjlns. Znscstnd mhsth

8;;'A.

sn

nfplnhd nd

iudths

bn

ahrb7ø,

ahbnd7s, nd`rhdhins

y

ahjlns,

y

nd

scstnfhs bn nd`rhsn andtrhlczhbg.

Qgd

ecjrgs7s, rnscstnd

jhsthdtn jcnd hl

hùh

y

punbnd

utclczhrsn bnsbn

-:;

mhsth

8:;gA

sn nfplnhd

phrh

hplcahacgdns

`ndnrhlns

(rgbhfcndtgs,

pcvgtns

bn fhdùnth

nd

hutgfñvclns),

agdtndcndbg

sc ns

dnanshrcg

jcsuleurg

bn fglcjbndg.(Ec` .:')

Qgd

ecjrgshs

y

fès rnscstndtns

hl hùh

qun

lhs

bn

lctcg,

y

su

fèxcfh

tnfpnrhturh bn

nfplng

ns

bn

8=;'A

sn nfplnhd

phrh

usgs

`ndnrhlns.

(Ecs

1)

Ec`, :

r;5



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

Agdscstndach

Qn

bnecdn

agfg

lh

burnzh

rnlhtcvh

bn lh

`rhsh.

Lhs

`rhshs

vhræhd

nd

agdscstndach,

bnsbn

lhs

snfc-elucbhs, hpndhs fès agdscstndtns qun ud

hanctn

vcsagsg,

mhsth

lgs

`rhbgs

sñlcbgs, ahsc thd

burgs agfg

udh

fhbnrh

jlhdbh, lh

`rhsh

bnjn

snr suecacndtnfndtn

burh

phrh qunbhr

nm

nl

agicdntn

y

dg

nsahphr,

pnrg

dg

bnjn snr

bnfhschbg

burh,

yh qun

cfpnbcræh

lh

rgthacñd

bn

lgs

nlnfndtgs.

*

Lh

agdscstndach

dg

ns udh ahrhatnræstcah udcegrfn?

lh

`rhsh

ns

hjlhdbh

auhdbgnssgfntcbh

h

trhjhig.

*

Nsth

prgpcnbhb

sn nxprnsh

agfùdfndtn

nd

tãrfcdgs

bn

udcbhbns

HQF

bn

pndntrhacñd

g

jcnd

pgr

su

dùfnrg

g

`rhbg

bn

agdscstndach

DL@C

(Dhtcgdhl)

Lujrcahtcd`

@rnhsn

C dstctutn).

*

^dh

udcbhb

HQRF

rnprnsndth ud bãacfg

bn

fclæfntrg

bn

pndntrhacñd

bnl

agdg bnl

pndntrñfntrg

-

(bcspgsctcvg

bn

prunjh).

*

Hfhygr

pndntrhacñd,

fès

jlhdbh

ns lh

`rhsh.

*

Nl

DL@C,

alhscecah

h

lhs

`rhshs

bn

haunrbg

h

lh

pndntrhacñd,

*

HQRF,

thlagfg

sn

bnthllh

nd lh

sc`ucndtn thjlh.

ALHQCECAHACÑD

BN

@ZHQHQ QN@ÙD

LH

DL@C

(DHRRGDHL

L^JZCAHDRCD@

@ZNHQN

CDQRCR^RN)

DÙFNZGQ

DL@C

BN AGDQCQRNDACH

Lh agdscstndach

bn

udh

`rhsh

ns

ud

ehatgr

cfpgrthdtn

phrh

su

mhjclcbhb

bn lujrcahr,

snllhr,

pnrfhdnanr

nd su

lu`hr

y phrh

lgs

fãtgbgs

qun

sn

nfplnnd,

bhdbg thfjcãd

ehaclcbhb

bn fhdcpulng.

Lhs

`rhshs

hfplchfndtn utclczhbhs,

bn

fgbg

`ndnrhl,

sgd lhs

bn

agdscstndach

8,

:

y

1,

auyg rhd`g

vh bn

agdscstndach

suhvn

h

fnbchdh.

DG DL@C

BN

AGDQCQRNDACH

^DCBHBNQ HQRF

BN

[NDNRZHACÑD

RZHJHIHBH

H

:>;A

H[HZCNDACH

;;;

;;-

;

8

:

1

2

>

5

22>

h

20>

2;;

h

21;

1>>

h

1=>

18; h

12;

:5> h

:3>

::;

h

:>;

80>

h

:;>

81;

h

85;

=>

h

88>

Læqucbh

Læqucbh

Qnfc

-

Læqucbh

Qnfc -

jlhdbh

Jlhdbh

Zn`ulhr

Qnfc

-

burh

Burh

Nxtrh

-

burh

8;0



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

Nsthjclcbhb nstruaturhl

Ns lh mhjclcbhb bn

lh

`rhsh

phrh

rntndnr

sus

agdbcacgdns grc`cdhlns

bn

fhduehaturh,

agdscstndach

y

tnxturh

pnsn

hl

tcnfpg,

lh

tnfpnrhturh, nl trhjhig

fnaèdcag

y

gtrhs

cdelundachs, g jcnd

lh

ehaclcbhb

qun

tcndn

phrh

rntgrdhr h

su nsthbg grc`cdhl auhdbg

anshd

lhs

cdel

undachs trhdsctgrchs.

Nsthjclcbhb

fnaèdcah

Ns lh

rnscstndach bn

lh

`rhsh

h ahfjcgs

pnrfhdndtns,

bnjcbg h

lhs

agdtcduhs

hplcahacgdns bn

purnzhs

agrthdtns.

Lh

nsthjclcbhb

bn

lh

`rhsh

ns

cfpgrthdtn

nd

auhdtg

h

su mhjclcbhb

phrh

prgpgracgdhr

udh

hbnauhbh

lujrcahacñd

y

snllhbg

y phrh

qun pnrfhdnzahnd

su lu`hr burhdtn

nl

trhjhig.

Ucsagscbhb hphrndtn

Lh

`rhsh

pgrdhturhlnzh

ns

ud

fhtnrchl

plèstcag.

[gr lg thdtg, nl agdanptg usuhl bn vcsagscbhb, vèlcbg

phrh

eluæbgs scfplns (nstg ns

su

rnscstndach

cdtnrdh

h

elucr)

dg

ns ndtnrhfndtn

hplcahjln.

Lh

vcsagscbhb

hphrndtn bn

fuamhs

`rhshs

bcsfcduyn agd

nl

cdarnfndtg snh

nd

rnlhacñd

h

lh

tnfpnrhturh

g

hl

nseunrzg

agrthdtn.

Rcndn

udh

`rhd

cdelundach sgjrn

lgs

fãtgbgs

bn

fhdcpulng

y

hplcahacñd

bn

lhs

`rhshs.

Rnxturh

y

nstruaturh

Ns lh

hphrcndach

h

lh

vcsth

y

hlthatg.

^dh

`rhsh

punbn

snr bnsarcth

agfg suhvn,

fhdtnqucllgsh, ecjrgsh

(bn

ecjrh

agrth

g

lhr`h),

eclhfndtgsh,

pn`higsh,

nta.

Nsths

ahrhatnræstcahs

nstèd

cdelundachbhs

pgrl

.

Lh

vcsagscbhb

bnlhanctn.

.

Nltcpg bn

ihjñd

g nspnshdtn.

.

Lh

prgpgracñd

bn ahbh

udg bn

nstgs agfpunstgs.

.

Lh

prnsndach

g

dg bn

acnrtgs hbctcvgs.

.

Nl

prgansg

bn

fhduehaturh.

Lgs

ahfjcgs

nd

tnxturh

y

nstruaturh

henathd

h lh

hbmnscvcbhb

y

lh

ehaclcbhb bn

fhdcpulng

bn

lh

`rhsh.

Dg nxcstnd

fãtgbgs sthdbhrb

bn

prunjhs phrh udh

bnecdcacñd auhdtcthtcvh

bn

ãsths

prgpcnbhbns.

[udtg

bn

ahæbh

g

`gth

Ns

lh

tnfpnrhturh

h lh

auhl

lh

`rhsh

phsh

`ndnrhlfndtn

bn

ud

nsthbg

plèstcag

sñlcbg

h

ud

nsthbg

læqucbg

y

eluyn h

trhvãs

bn

ud

grcecacg

nd

fãtgbgs

y

agdbcacgdns

sthdbhrbs

bn

prunjh.

Nl

pudtg

bn

ahæbh,

ns

cdagrrnathfndtn

cdtnrprnthbg

pgr

hl`udhs

pnrsgdhs,

agfg

nl

fèxcfg

bn

tnfpnrhturh

qun

pnrfctn

ud

usg

hanpthjln.

Lgs

rndbcfcndtgs

bn hlth

tnfpnrhturh

thfjcãd bnpndbnd

bn

gtrgs ehatgrns

thlns

agfg

lh

burhacñd

bn

lh

nxpgscacñd,

lh

rnscstndach

h lh

nvhpgrhacñd

ynlbcsnøg

bn

lgs fnahdcsfgs

h

Cujrcahr.

8;=



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

Znscstndach

h lh

gxcbhacñd

Ns

lh

rnscstndach

hl

bntnrcgrg

quæfcag

nd snrvcacg

y

nd

nxpgscacñd

hl

hcrn.

Bnpndbnd

prcdacphlfndtn

bn

lh

nsthjclcbhb

cdbcvcbuhlpunbn

snr

fnigrhbh

agd

nl

usg

bn hdtcgxcbhdtns,

hlfhandhfcndtg pgr

nenatgs

bn lh

bn lgs agfpgdndtns bn

lh

`rhsh y

Lh

hlth rnscstndach

h lh

gxcbhacñd

ns cdtpgrthdtn

auhdbg

sn

nspnrh

lhr`gs

pnrægbgs

bn

snrvcacg

g

hlfhandhfcndtg

g jcnd

auhdbg

prnvhlnand

h fuy

hlths tnfpãrhturhs

hùd

pgr

agrtgtcnfpg.

[rgtnaacñd

agdtrh

lh ercaacñd

ynl

bns`hstn

s

ydh

prgtnaacñd

hlthfndtn

cdelundachbh

pgr

lh vcsagscbhb

y

nl tcpg

bn agfpgdndtn

elucbg?

hsæ

agfg

lhs

ahrhatnræstcahs

nstruaturhlns

y

lh

agdscstndñch

bn ch

`rhsh.

Nsths

ahrhatnræstcahs

bn

rndbcfcndtg

punbnd

snr fnigrhbhs

agd

nl usg

bn

hbctcvgs.

[rgtnaacñd

agdtrh

lh

agrrgscñd

Bnpndbn

bn

lh

agfpgscacñd-ihjñd

bn jhsn

y

bn

lh

agdscstndach

bn

lh

`rhsh,

su

mhjclcbhb

phrh

egrfhr

y

fhdtndnr

ud

snllg

qun prnvnd`h

Ch

ndtrhbh

bn

fhtncchlns

agrrgscvgs

u

gtrgs

cdbnsnhjlns

y

su rnhaacñd

hl

hùh.

Hudqun

lhs

`rhshs

bn

sgbcg

sgd

sglujlns

nd

hùh,

punbnd

rnscstcr

su

haacñd

sc

sgd

suecacndtnfndtn

burhs.

[gr

gtrh

phrtn

agfg

lhs

bn ahlacg

sgd cdsglujlns

nd hùh,

punbnd

snr lhvhbhs

nd

lgs

agicdntns

sc

sgd suecacndtnfndtn

jlhdbhs

g sc

sn

bcrc`n

sgjrn

nllgs

ud

amgrrg

bn hùh

agd

'

suecacndtn

prnscñd.

Nd

ahsgs,

nd Cgs

auhlns

mhy

pnqunøhs

ahdtcbhbns

bn

hùh,

lh

sndscjclcbhb

bn

lh

`rhsh

bn

sgbcg

h

nstn læqucbg

ns

bnsnhjln.

Nsths

`rhshs

hjsgrjnd

lh mufnbhb

y

nvcthrèø

qun

nsth

sn

pgd`h

nd

agdthatg

agd

lh

supnrecacn

bnl agicdntn,

agd

pnlc`rg

bn

gxcbhacñd.

Nd

rnsufnd, hlùdhs `rhshs

sgd

rnscstndtns

hl

hùh

g

h

prunjh

bn

hùh,

y

gtrh

rnscstndtns

h

lgs

nenatgs

bnl lhvhbg

agd hùh, scd

hjsgrjnr

mufnbhb.

Znvnrscjclcbhb

g snphrhacñd

bn hanctn

y

ihjñd

[hrh

tgbgs

lgs

nenatgs

prèatcags

lhs

prgpcnbhbns

lujrcahdtns

bn

udh

`rhsh

prgvcndnd

bn

su

hanctn.

Hudqun

nl

ihjñd

punbh

tndnr hlùdhs

prgpcnbhbns

lujrcahdtns,

ns

`ndnrhlfndtn

bnfhschbg

burg

phrh

cdelucr

bcrnathfndtn

y prgvnnr

udh

lujrcahacñd

hbnauèbh.

[hrh

nl

usg

nd

ud agicdntn

hdtcerhaacñd,

lh

`rhsh

bnjn

snr fuy

rnscstndtn

h

th

snphrhacñd

bn

sus

nlnfndtgs.

Lh

`rhsh

snphrhbh

nstè

suinth

h

lh

gxcbhacñd

y

punbn

egrfhr

bnpñsctgs

burgs

y

qunjrhbczgs,

qun

sgd fuy

bcecaultgsgs

bn rnfgvnr

y

pnlc`rgsgs

phrh

th

eudacñd

bnl

agicdntn.

Aglgr

Nsth

ns udh

prgpcnbhb

scd

fhygr

sc`dcecahacñd

nd

nl

rndbcfcndtg

bn lh

`rhsh.

Egrfhacñd

bnlsurag

--

Ns lh

tndbndach

bn udh

`rhsh

h

egrfhr

ud

surag

g

ahdhl.

Ninfplg9

Bnspuãs

bnl

phsg

bn lhs

jglcllhs

g bn

lgs rgbcllgs

nd

su

fgvcfcndtg,

nd

ud

agicdntn

hdtcercaacñd.

Hlùdhs

`rhshs

prèatcahfndtn

dg

egrfhd

surags,

ns

bnacr9

"qun

vunlvhd

nd

snùcbh

h

ll`dhr

nl

phsg

bnihbg

pgr

lgs

nlnfndegs

rgbhdtns?

pnlg

agd

gtrgs.nl

ahdhlegrfhbg

ns

fuy

bnecdcbg

y Ch

`rhsh dg vunlvn

h

ahnr"

[hrh

udh

lujrcahacñd

agrrnath,

lh

`rhsh

bnjn

egrfhr

ud

ahdhl,

pnrg

bnihr

nxubhr

suecacndtn

hanctn

agf`

phrh

lujrcahrlhs

supnrecacns.

8;3



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

Agdscstndach

y

egrfhacñd bn surag

[unbn

phrnanr

lñ`cag

pndshr

qun

udh

`rhsh

jlhdbh snrè

fès

bnsnhjln

nd

hdtcerhaacñd. Qcd nfjhr`g,

nsth

`rhsh

dg

egrfhrè

ud

surag

suecacndtn.

Hl agdtrhrcg,

udh

`rhsh rnlhtcvhfndtn

burh

ehaclcthrè

nstè

egrfhacñd y

nd

lh

hplcah h

lgs agicdntns hdtcerhaacñd

`rhshs

bn

fhygr agdscstndach

qun

lhs

qun

c`uhlns agdbcacgdns

phrh

agicdntns

lcsgs.

ud agicdntn

prèatcah

sn

ushræhd

nd

[rgpcnbhbns nspnachlns

Hphrtn

bn

lhs ahrhatnræstcahs

fndacgdhbhs,

h

fndubg

sn

rnqucnrnd gtrhs

prgpcnbhbns

nspnachlns

nd udh

`rhsh9

.

Hlthrnscsendach

hlhgxcbhacñd

[hrh

prgtn`nr

cdstrufndtgs,

agicdntns,

nta. hlfhandhrlgs burhdtn lhr`g tcnfpg

lgs

prcfnrgs

y

gpnrhdbg

h

hlths

tnfpnrhturhs

g

hlfhandhfcndtg

bn lgs

sn`udbgs.

.

[rgpcnbhbnsbn nxtrnfhprnscñd

[hrh rnscstcrahr`hs

pnshbhs

agd amgquns,

phrtcaulhrfndtn

nd agicdntns h

rgbcllgs.

.

Hbmnscvcbhbsuplnfndthrch

[gr ninfplg

phrh

nvcthr

pãrbcbh

h

trhvãs

bn lgs

rntndns.

'

.

Lh

rnscstndach h

lh haacñd

bn sglvndtns

g bn lgs

prgbuaegs

bn

pntrñlng.

Znscsendach

h

lh haacñd

bn acnrths

susehdarhs

quæfcahs.

Aglgralhrg

[hrh

nvcthr

nl

fhdamhbg

bn

lhs

fnrahbnræhs

ehjrcahbhs.

Nstruaturh

agrrnath

Ninfplg,

phrh

nl

jund snllhbg

bnl

agicdntn.

Dgrfhlfndtn,

udh

`rhsh

sunln

llndhrvhrchs

bn nsths agdbcacgdns h

lh vnz,

88;



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

LHQ

@ZHQHQ

Rcpgs

bn

`rhshs

Lhs

`rhshs

sn alhscecahd

y

sn

bnscd`hd

`ndnrhlfndtn pgr

nl

agfpunstg

bn

ihjñd

ushbg nd

su

fhduehaturh

qun

cdaluyn

nd sus

prgpcnbhbns

bn

lujrcahacñd.

Lhs

`rhshs

fès

ushbhs

sn`ùd

lgs

ihjgdn,

"rpl""Ggs

nd su

ehjrcahacñd

sgd9

-

@rhshs

h

jhsn

bn

ihjñd

agd

ahlacg.

-

@rhshs

h jhsn

bn

ihjñd

agd

sgbcg.

-

@rhshs

h jhsn fcxth.

-

@rhshs h

jhsn

bn jndtgdcth,

-

@rhshs h

jhsn

bn

jhrcg.

-

@rhshs

h jhsn

bn

sclcacg.

-

@rhshs

`rhecthbhs.

-

@rhshs h

jhsn

bn lctcg.

-

@rhshs

h

jhsn

bn

plgfg.

-

@rhshs

hl

jcsuleurg

bn fglcjbndg.

@rhshs

h jhsn bn

ihjñd

bn

ahlacg

*

Ns udh

`rhsh

agd

hphrcndach

y

fhdtnqucllgsh,

dg

nfplnèdbgsn

nd

agicdntns

hdtcercaacñd

h fndgs

qun

mhyh

nxansg

bn hùh.

.*

Qgd cdsglujlns

nd

hùh, scd

nfjhr`g

nsths

`rhshs

dg

sgpgrthd

tnfpnrhturhs

supnrcgrns

h

5;; A

pgrqun

agdtcndnd nd su

nstruaturh

udh

pnqunøh

ahdtcbhb

bn hùh,

qun

egrfh

lh

lc`h

ndtrn

nl

hanctn

y

nlihjñd.

*

Auhdbg

nsth

`rhsh

ns

sgfntcbh

h udh

tnfpnrhturh

qun

sn hanrah

h

lh

bn njullcacñd

bnl

hùh, nsth

pnqunøh

prgpgracñd

bn

hùh

cdagrpgrhbh

sn

nvhpgrh

y

lh

`rhsh

sn

bnstruyn.

*

Lhs

`rhshs

dgrfhlns

bn ahlacg bnjnd snr

fuy

ushbhs

h vnlgacbhb

dg fuy

nlnvhbhs,

pgr

qun

nl

jhtcbg

qun

sn

prgbuan

h hlths

vnlgacbhbns

hufndth lh

tnfpnrhturh,

bnstruyndbg

lh

nstruaturh

bn

lh

`rhsh.

*

^d tcpg

pgag

agfùd bn

`rhsh

bn ahlacg dg ush hùh

agfg h`ndtn

nsthjclczhbgr,

scndbg

hbnauhbg

phrh

snr rnscstndtn

hl

hùh

y

phrhhlths

tnfpnrhturhs.

*

Lhs ahrhatnræstcahs

prnvndtcvhs

agdtrh lh agrrgscñd dg

sgd thd

jundhs, agfg lhs

bn

sgbcg,

lhs

bn jhsn fcxth

g

lhs

bn

lctcg.

*

Nxmcjnd

jund agfpgrthfcndtg nd

nl

rhd`g bn

tnfpnrhturhs

qun

vh

bnsbn

-1;gA

h

5;;a.

@rhshs h

jhsn

bn

ihjñd

bn sgbcg

*

Qgd

sglujlns nd

hùh,

pnrg punbnd

ushrsn h hlths

tnfpnrhturhs,

lln`hdbg

hlùdhs h

tnfpnrhturhs

qun

vhd

bn

3;gA

h

85;gA.

t

[-unb`¡€nr

namhs

bn udh tnxturh

suhvn, hudqun

lh

fhygræh

ns

bn hspnatg ecjrgsg.

*

Agfg rn`lh

`ndnrhl,

lhs

`rhshs

bn

sgbcg tcndnd

nxanlndtns

ahrhatnræstcahs

hdtcagrrgscvhs

y

sgd ahphans bn sgpgrthr

pnshbhs

ahr`hs bn rgzhfcndtg,

thlns agfg

lgs

fglcdgs,

fhqucdhrch

pnshbh

y

nd lgs

rgbhfcndtgs

h jglhs

y

rgbcllgs9-

888



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

@rhsh

bn jhsn fcxth

[gr snr

lh

jhsn

sgbcg

+

ahlacg,

tcndn

`ndnrhlfndtn

prgpcnbhbns

cdtnrfnbchs bn lgs bgs

tcpgs tcndnd jundh

rnscstndach

hl hùh,

jundhs ahrhatnræstcahs hdtcagrrgscvhs

y

rnscstndach fgbnrhbh

h lhs

tnfpnrhturhs,

mhsth

88GgA

y

nd hlùdgs ahsgs

mhsth 8:;gA.

Dg

llnvhd hbctcvgs quæfcags

nd

su

agfpgscacñd.

Qgd hbnauhbgs

phrh

lh lujrcahacñd

`ndnrhlbn

agicdntns

hdtcercaacñd

@rhshs

nspnachlns

phrh

hlths

tnfpnrhturhs

Mhd

scbg

arnhbhs

phrh

usgs

bgdbn

lhs

tnfpnrhturhs

supnrhd

lgs

88;gA,

bnsthahdbg

lhs

scùcndtns.

@rhshs h

jhsn

bn jndtgdcth

Nsths

`rhshs

sn

nlhjgrhd

h jhsn

bn

hracllh bn

fcssgurc

-

^QH(jndtgdcth)

Rcndn ud

pudtg

bn lcauhacñd

nxtrhgrbcdhrchfndtn

nlnvhbg.

Qn ushd h hlths

tnfpnrhturhs

bgdbn

lhs

`rhshs

h

jhsn bn sgbcg

dg

sgd shtcsehatgrchs.

Qn utælczhd'nd lu`hrns bn bceæacl haansg, dg dnanscthdbg ahfjcg thd

h

fndubg

pgr

su

jund

burhacñd

y

pgr

snr

rnscstndtns

hl

hùh agfg h tnfpnrhturhs

supnrcgrns h

88

GgA

gr snr

rnscstndtns

hl

hùh agfg

h tnfpnrhturhs

supnrcgrns h

88GgA

@rhshs

h

jhsn bn

jhrcg

Qgd

rnscstndtns

hl hùh

y

trhj h¡hd

htnfpnrhturhs

fgbnrhbhs h hlths

mhsth :1;gA,

Qcndbg

hlùdhs

`rhshs

agfprcfcbhs

nd

egrfh bn jlgquns bn agdscstndach burh

qun

sn

.

ushd

`ndnrhlfndtn

phrh

lh

lujrcahacñd

bn

agicdntns

plhdgs,

pgr qun prgvnnd

udh

pnl

æaulh

hanctgsh

sufhfndtn

burhbnrh.

Lh

nlnaacñd

bn ãsths

`rhshs

bnpndbn

bn

lh

tnfpnrhturh

bn

trhjhig.

@rhsh bn sclcacg

Qgd

`rhshs scdtãtcahs rnlhtcvhfndtn dunvhs

nd

lh

lujrcahacñd.

Rcndnd

fhygr burhacñd,

jundh

nsthjclcbhb

y

prgpcnbhbns

bn

rnscstndach hl

ahlgr

bcenrndtns

h lgs

tcpgs

bn

`rhshs

agdvndacgdhlns.

Qu burhacñd

fès

lhr`h nã

prgjhjlnfndtn

su

prgpcnbhb

fès

bnsthahbh

@rhshs

bn

lctcg

Qn nstèd

prgbuacndbg

jhig

lh

bndgfcdhacñd

bn

`rhshs

bn

usg fùltcpln, sgd

rnpnlhdtns

hl

hùh,

tcndnd

nxanlndtn

nsthjclcbhb

nstruaturhly

gernand

lhs

scùcndtnsvndthihs9

8.- Fhygrvcbh

bn

snrvcacg.

:.-

Gpnrhd nenatcvhfndtn

sgjrn

ud

rhd`g hfplcg

bn

tnfpnrhturh

bn

-

1>gA

h

8>;gA

C

1.-

[nrfctnd

lg`rhr fndgrns

tgrquns

bn

gpnrhacñd.

2.-

Aufplnd

agd

lhs fès

snvnrhs

prunjhs

cdtrgbuacb*

pgr

lgs

ehjrcahdtns

bn

rgbhfcndtgs9

-

[runjh

bn

hlth

vnlgacbhb.

-

[runjh

bn hlth

vnlgacbhb

phrh

hplcahacgdns ahlcndtns

ysnahs.

-

[runjh

vnrtcahl

h

tnfpnrhturh

hfjcndtn

y

h

8:;gA.

-

[runjh

bn

ahr`h

snvnrh.

-

[runjh

bn agdthfcdhacñd

pgrhùh.

88:



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

Znsulthbgs

h)

Znbuaacñd

bn

agstgs

bn gpnrhacñd

y

fhdtndcfcndtg,

bnjcbg

h

lh fhygr vcbh

bn

snrvcacg

y

h

lhs fndgrns

pãrbcbhs

bn

pgtndach.

j) Nenatcvh

rhacgdhlczhacñd

bn

lhs

`rhshs.

^sgs

y

hplcahacgdns

.

Lujrcahacñd

cdbustrchlnd`ndnrhl.

.

Zgbhfcndtgs

gpnrhdbg

mhsth lh fèxcfh

vnlgacbhb

sn`ùd

ahtèlg`g

y

nd

nl

rhd`g

bn

tnfpnrhturhs

bn

-1>gA

h 8

1>gA.

.

Zgbhfcndtgs

gpnrhdbg

h tnfpnrhturhs

bn mhsth

8>;gA,

auhdbg

lh

vnlgacbhb

dg

nxanbn

bnl0lg/gbn lh fèxcfh, sn`ùd ahtèlg`g.

.

Qcstnfhs

bn

lujrcahacñd

andtrhlczhbhqun

trhjhind

h tnfpnrhturhs

dgrfhlns.

.

Zgbhfcndtgs

`rhdbns

(fès

bn

0>ff.

bn bcèfntrg)

.

Agicdntns fgdtchbgsvnrtcahlfndtn.

.

Agicdntns snllhbgs.

@rhshs

bn

prnscñd

nxtrnfh

Qgd

`rhshs

h

jhsn

bn

mcbrgxcnstnhrhtg

bn

lctcg

g

nspnshdtns

cdgr`èdcags

(mnatgdcth),

rnegrzhbgs

agd hbctcvgs

bn

nxtrnfh

prnscñd

-

plgfg

suleurhbgs

n cdmcjcbgrns

bn lh

gxcbhacñd.

Qgd

`rhshs

fultcprgpgsctgs

y

sn ahrhatnrczhd

pgr

pgsnnr

lhs

prgpcnbhbns

cdbcvcbuhlns

bn

'

lhs

bcstcdths

`rhshs

agfùdfndtn ushbgs nd nqucpgs

hutgfgtgrns

n

cdbustrchlns.

Lhs

`rhshs

bn

prnscñd

nxtrnfh

nd ud

sglg

prgbuatg

mhd

lg`rhbg9

.

Lh

rnscstndach hlhùh, dnanshrch

nd udh

`rhsh

bn

amhscs.

.

Lh nstruaturh y nsthjclcbhb h

lh

gxcbhacñd, rnqunrcbh nd

lhs

`rhshs

phrh

agicdntns

bn

runbhs.

.

Lh

rnscstndach

hlagdthatg agd hùh ahlcndtn,

rnqunrcbh

nd

lh

lujrcahacñd

bn lhs jgfjhs

bn

hùh.

.

Lh

pnlæaulh

nxtrh lujrcahdtn, nsandachl

phrh

lh

lujrcahacñd

bn

lhs

dunvhs

iudths

bn jglh

bn lhs fgbnrdhs

suspndscgdns bnlhdtnrhs.

Undthihs

8.- Znscstndach

hl

lhvhbg

agd

hùh

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cdalusg nd

prnsndach

bn

agdscbnrhjlns

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d

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hùdndhùhshlhbh.

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hb

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su

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fntèl

cahs.

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rhd`g

bn

tnfpnrhturh

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bn

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2.- Nxanlndtn

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ahr`h

y

rnscstndach

bn

cfphatgs.

>.-

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5.-

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bn

lujrcahdtns,

nvcthdbg

nrrgrns

bn

hplcahacñd,

0

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cdmcjcbh

agdtrh

lh

gxcbhacñd

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vcbh

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su usg

y

hlfhandhin.

=.-Hlth

nsthjclcbhb fnaèdcah

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dg sn

lcauh

dc sn

bcspnrsh

bn

lgs

agicdntns.

3.-

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prgtnaacñd

agdtrh

lh

mnrrufjrn.

8;.- ^sg fùltcpln,

sn

punbn

ushr

prèatcahfndtn

phrh

auhlqucnrtcpg bn

hplcahacñd.

881



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

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H[LC@HACGDNQ BN LGQ L^JZCAHDRNQ

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nl

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bnl

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nvcthdbg

nl

rucbg

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nl

bns`hstn nxanscvg,

qun

prgbuand

lhs

iudths

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tcpg

auhdbg

sn utclczhd

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hbnauhbhs.

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[gr su hlth

rnscstndach

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lh

gxcbhacñd

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pgr

gernanr

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lujrcahacñd

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lgs

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bnl

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lhs

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Qu

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lh

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mnrrufjrn,

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lh

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bn

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bn

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882



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

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su

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hplcah

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lhs

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fgbnrhbhs

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sus

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mhan

pgscjln

lh rhacgdhlczhacñd

bnldùfnrg

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lh

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agdtrh

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nl

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qun

nl gtrg.

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8 .- Uæsthdsn agrrnathfndtn

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bn

lgs

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bn

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nl

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bn

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Ec`. 1

Dudah

bnjnd ushr

rgph

mgl`hbh

g sunlth.

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sunlth, agfg

udh

amgfph g udh agrjhth,

punbnd

snr

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pgr

lhs

phrtns

bn

udh

fèqucdh

nd

fgvcfcndtg

y

gahs¡gdhr

hlùdh

lnscñd.

Xuætndsn

sus

agrjhths g

pñd`hlhs

gaulths

anrah

bnl aunllg,

thfjcãd

bnjnd

qucthrsn

lgs hdcllgs

y

rnlgins bn

pulsnrh.

.

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punbnd

nd`hdamhr

nd

lhs

phrtns `crhtgrchs

bn

lhs

fèqucdhs

y

gahscgdhr

nl

bnsprndbcfcndtg

bnlbnbg.

(Ec`.

8) Fhdtnd`h su ahjnllg rhzgdhjlnfndtn

agrtg.

(Ec`.

:)

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scnfprn

suj gigs

Mhy

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egrfh

bn

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lh

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qun

shlthd

lhs runbhs

hjrhscvhs.

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lnscñd nd

lgs gigs,

n

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lh

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bn

lh

vcsth.

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prgtnihd

sus

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udh

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tgthl

bn

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fuamgs

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nd

nl

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`hehs

bn snùrcbhb.

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`hehs

bn snùrcbhb sgd

fès añfgbhs

qun

lgs

gigs bn

vcbrcg.

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1)

rueecK

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qun

nd ud

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ud

lu`hr bn

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lg

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phrh

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lcfpcgs

y

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nl fhdtndcfcndtg grbndhbg

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Znaunrbnd

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y

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nd su

lu`hr.

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lh

zgdh

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su

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lhs

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grbndhbhs.

Ecs.

:

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y

ns

lh

bn

ushr

`hehs

bn

snùrcbhb g

bn thllnr scnfprn mhy

nl

pnlc`rg bn vcruths

g

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2)

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nd

su lu`hr,

nspnachlfndtn

bnspuãs

bn

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qun

tgbhs

lhs

jrcñhs

g

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qun

suinthd lhs

pcnzhs

h fhqucdhrnstãd

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nl fgvcfcndtg

bn

lh

fèqucdh

hdtns

bn

mhanr

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g bn

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udh

fnbcbh.

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bn

mhjnr

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lhs

llhvns

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bn

pgdnr

nd

fhramh

lh

fèqucdè.

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fuy

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nl

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lh

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nl

bn

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nd

fhramh.

0

-'

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sus

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bn

lhs

phrtns

nd

fgvcfcndtg

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bn

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lh

tndscñd

bn

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lh

pcnzh

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sn

mh

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ns

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udh

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y

mhanrlg

ns

udh

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>)

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lns

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88.- ^snd

y

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y

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ud usg

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ush

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bn

lhs agrthburhs

S

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pgr

fès

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qun

ãsths

snhd

ldegrfn

h su

cdstruatgr

sgjrn

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haa¡bndtn.

Qc tcndn

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qun

agd gzahbn

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agd

lgs

hanctns fcdnrhlns.

Lgs

lujrcahdtns

jhshbgs

nd ãstnr

punbnd

snregrfulhbgs

agfg jcgbn`rhbhjlns.

Qu

prcdacphl

bnsvndthih

ns nl agstg, hlrnbnbgr

bn

8>;%

fès hltg

qun

lgs

hanctns vn`nthlns. Nd

hbcacñd,

nstgs lujrcahdtns

dg

eunrgd

egrfulhbgs

phrh

udh rèpcbh

jcgbn`rhbhjclcbhb

dcehlth

bn tñxcbhb,

sur`n lh

prn`udth

bn sc nl ãstnr

aufplcrè

hfjgs

nstèdbhrns,

hudqun nxcstnd

elucbgs

jhshbgs

nd

nl

ãstnregrfulhbgs

phrh snr

jcgbn`rhbhbgs

y dg

tñxcag.

Nd

auhdtg

h

lgs hanctns vn`nthlns, tcndnd fuamhs bn lhs

ahrhatnræstcahs bnsnhjlns

nd lgs

elucbgs

mcbrèulcags, thlns

agfg nxanlndtn

Cujrcahacñd

y

ud

hltg ædbcan

bn

vcsagscbhb cdmnrndtn.

Nd

hbcacñd

sgd

rèpcbhfndtn

jcgbn`rhbhjlns.

Qcd

nfjhr`g,

tcndnd

ud

rhs`g

lcfcthbg bn

tnfpnrhturh,

pgr

lg

qun

su bnsnfpnøg ns aunstcgdhjln. Ecdhlfndtn, ld`ndcnrgs

bn Fgjcl

Gcl

Agrp. Nsag`cnrgdJanctns

vn`nthlns agfg

pudtg

bn

phrtcbh

phrh

lh arnhacñd

bn ud

Elucbg

[rgtnatgr

bnl Fnbcg Hfjcndtn.

Nl rnsulthbg eun

"l

prcr",

elucbg

mcbrèulcag

bn lh

snrcn

"[rgtnatgrns

bnl Fnbcg Hfjcndtn"

bnsc`dhbg

Fgjcl NHL

::2M

(NHL

sc`dcecah

nd nsphøgl, lujrcahdtns

prgtnatgrns

bnl fnbcg

hfjcndtn),

rnhlczhbg

h

jhsn

bn

hanctns vn`nthlns

prganshbgs

y

aucbhbgshfndtnsnlnaacgdhbgs, agd ud phquntn bn hbctcvgs qun nvcth qun

lgs

agfpgdndtns ushbgs

punbhd

agdscbnrhrsn

tñxcag.

Nstn Cujrcahdtn

aufpln agd

lgs

rnqunrcfcndtgs

hfjcndthlns

hdtns fndacgdhbgs hlahdzhdbg

ud =;% bn

jcgbn`rhbhjclcbhb

nd sglhfndtn

85

blhs

y

agd udh tgxcacbhb

qun

pnrfctcñ

Ch vcbh

bn

tgbh

lh

funstrh bn truamhs hragcrcs.

Agdsnaundtnfndtn,

nl usg bn nstn

elucbg hdtn

auhlqucnr bnrrhfn

g

ecltrhacñd

ns

fndgs

bhøcdg

hl fnbcg

qun

ud bnrrhfn

agfphrhjln

bn ud hanctn

fcdnrhl.

Ahjn snøhlhr

qun

agd

lh

lln`hbh

bn nstn

lujrcahdtn

jcgbn`rhbhjln h Amcln,

Hsnrrhbnrgs

Fcdcdag,

udh

nfprnsh bnl

`rupg

AF[A, agdsacndtns

bn

lh cfpgrthdach

bn

prgtn`nr

nl fnbcg hfjcndtn

eun lh

prcfnrh

nd

cdagrpgrhr nstn prgbuatg

h su

plhdth bn Jhahlnfu,

y

hatuhlfndtn nstè mhacndbg

usg bn

gtrgs

bn lgs

lujrcahdtns jcgbn`rhbhjlns arnhbgs

pgr

Fgjcl

(Fgjcl

Qcltha NHL

5=) gjtndcndbg

nxanlndtn rnsulthbg, thdtg

nd su

bnsnfpnøg,

agfg

nd lh

prgtnaacñd

bnl fnbcg hfjcndtn.

Qc

jcnd,

nl agstg

bn nstgs

prgbuatgs

,up"rrd hl

bn lgs elucbgs

bn

hanctn

fcdnrhl,

bhbh su

rnacndtn

ndtrhbh nd nl fnrahbg agd jhigs

vglùfndns bn

prgbuaacñd,

nl agstg

bn

bhøgs

h

dunstrg

fnbcg

hfjcndtn

pgr

nl usg

bn

prgbuatgs

agdthfcdhdtns

n

cdbubhjlnfndtn

supnrcgr n

crrnvnrscjln.

pnrg

sc

lhs

nfprnshs sn

agfprgfntnd h lh

prgtnaacñd

bnl

fnbcg

hfjcndtn

ushdbg

nstn tcpg

bn

prgbuatgs,

lgs

agstgs

thdtg nagdñfcags

agfg hfjcndthlns

bcsfcducrèd,

jndnecachdbg

h

lh

sgacnbhb nd su agdiudtg,

nd

lh

auhl

lh

prgtnaacñd

hl

fnbcg

hfjcndtn,

fès

qun

snr udh dnanscbhb,

ns udh nxc`ndach.

8:3




A^NQRCGDHZCG

8.-

·Auèlns

sgd

lhs

eudacgdns

prcfhrchs

bnl fhdtndcfcndtg7

:.-

·Auèlns

sgd lhs

èrnhs

jèscahs bn

lh

plhdcecahacñd

bnl

fhdtndcfcndtg7

1.-

·Xuã

jusah

lh

lujrcahacñd7

2.-

·Añfg

sn bnecdn

lh vcsagscbhb7

>.-

·Lh

vcsagscbhb

sn fcbn

agd ..............7

5.-

Fndacgdn ahrhatnræstcahs

bn

lgs

lujrcahdtns.

0.-

·Ns

hqunllh

eunrzh

qun

sur`n auhdbg ud aunrpg

sn bnsplhzh

sgjrn gtrg7

=.-

·Xuã

tcpg

bn

ercaacñd

`uhrbhd

lgs

sn`fndtgs rgbhdtns7

3.-

·Xuã

phshræh

agd

lgs

hvcgdns

sc dg

nxcstcnrh

lh

ercaacñd

nd

lgs elucbgs7

8;.-

Ns

ud

agdiudtg

bn haacgdns

plhdcecahbhs qun

fnigrhd

nlrndbcfcndtg

bn lhs fèqucdhs7

88.-

Fndacgdn

2 vndthihs

bnl fhdtndcfcndtg

prnvndtcvg.

8:.-

Fndacgdn

lgs

prg`rhfhs

agd

qun

aundthd

nl

fhdtndcfcndtg

prnvndtcvg.

81.-

·Lcfpchr

y

lujrcahr

lh fèqucdh

hlecdhl bn lh

igrdhbh

agrrnspgdbn

hl

prg`rhfh7.

82.-

·Xucãd

nenatùh nlagdtrglbn

lgs

prg`rhfhs

bn fhdtndcfcndtg7

8>.-

·Hquã

sn bndgfcdh

ud

lujrcahdtn

phstgsg7

85.-

·Bñdbn

sn

nfplnhd

lhs

`rhshs

sñbcahs7

80.-

·Auèlns

sgd

lg

hanctns

rnagfndbhbgs

phrh

rgbhfcndtgs

y phrh

supnrecacns bn ercaacñd7

.

8=.-

·Auèlns

sgd

lgs

lujrcahdtns

ushbgs

nd nd`rhdhins

y"fhdbgs

mcbrèulcags7

83.-

·Xuã

eudacñd aufpln

ud

elucbg

bn

agrtn7

81;



FHDRNDCFCNDRG

[ZNUNDRCUG

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N. R. DNPJZG^@M

HbfcdcstrhacñdbnFhdtndcfcndtgldbustrchl

FGZZGP

Fhduhlbn

Fhdtndcfcndtg

ldbustrchl

RGFG lll

N. ZNUNZRN

Qd. Fgdthin,Hiustn

y

Unrcecahacñd

bn

Nlnfndtgsbn

Fnaèdcah.

A^LR^ZHL

QNDHRC

LCF^QH

QNDHRC

QNDHRC

QNDHRC

QNDHRC

Fhduhl

bn Fnaèdcah bnRhllnr

RGFG

C

Fhduhl bn

Fhdtndcfcndtg

[rnvndt¡vg

Fhduhl

bn Fèqucdhs

Mnrrhfcndths

RGFG

C

Fnaèdcah

bn

Fhdtndcfcndtg

(^BH)

Fhdtndcfcndtg

[rnvndtcvg

bn

Fèqucdhs

A

u rsg

b

n

Hprndb

czhin

F h

dtnd

c

f

cndtg

Fhduhl

bn Fhdtndcfcndtg bn

Rrhdsfcscgdns

818



,h

[ZG[CNBHB

cDRdR,dAR^HL

BNL

QNDHRC

[ZgMCJCBH

su

ZdpZgduaarñD

yvNDRH

srD

LHH^RgdrzharñD

AGZZNQ[GDBCNDRN

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