Mankind's Utilisation of Water Resources By Will, Rhian, Alison and Sophie.

Mankind's Utilisation of Water Mankind's Utilisation of Water ResourcesResources

By By

Will, Rhian, Alison and SophieWill, Rhian, Alison and Sophie

Mankind's Uses of Water Resources

Agricultural UseAgricultural Use Irrigation of cropsIrrigation of crops

– using ‘rain guns’ using ‘rain guns’ – using irrigation channelsusing irrigation channels

LocationLocation– permanent use in hot/arid countriespermanent use in hot/arid countries– within the UK used as requiredwithin the UK used as required

ExamplesExamples– cotton growth in Eastern countriescotton growth in Eastern countries– potato crops during UK drought period i.e. potato crops during UK drought period i.e.

summer 1996summer 1996


Food and DrinkFood and Drink

Fresh water fishing Fresh water fishing - Salmon/Trout- Salmon/Trout

Water Cress Water Cress productionproduction

Drinking water - Drinking water - from reservoirsfrom reservoirs

Essential in the Essential in the production of production of alcohol alcohol


LeisureLeisure Rapid upsurge and diversification of Rapid upsurge and diversification of

water based sports including: swimming, water based sports including: swimming, angling, associated sports such as angling, associated sports such as boating, as well as camping, walking and boating, as well as camping, walking and birdwatching.birdwatching.

2 main water bodies under consideration:2 main water bodies under consideration:

(a) Reservoired Areas(a) Reservoired Areas (b) Rivers and Canals(b) Rivers and Canals


Water Purification and Water Purification and Sewage TreatmentSewage Treatment

Royal Commission 1865 and 1868Royal Commission 1865 and 1868 Rivers Pollution Prevention Act Rivers Pollution Prevention Act

1876 and 19511876 and 1951 Water Act of 1945Water Act of 1945 Pollution Legislation 1961Pollution Legislation 1961 Central Advisory Water Committee Central Advisory Water Committee

19551955


Industrial Water UsesIndustrial Water Uses

Water wheelWater wheel Tidal powerTidal power Wave powerWave power O.T.E.C.O.T.E.C. Hydroelectric powerHydroelectric power


WaterwheelWaterwheel

3 types3 types HorizontalHorizontal Overshot VerticalOvershot Vertical Vertical Run of the riverVertical Run of the river


HorizontalHorizontal

Water flows out of aqueductWater flows out of aqueduct Forward motion of water causes Forward motion of water causes

wheel to turnwheel to turn


OvershotOvershot

Water flows out of aqueduct from a Water flows out of aqueduct from a heightheight

Gravity causes the wheel to turnGravity causes the wheel to turn


VerticalVertical

Placed within the riverPlaced within the river Rivers motion causes the wheel to Rivers motion causes the wheel to

turnturn


Tidal PowerTidal PowerCan be used across any stretch of water which Can be used across any stretch of water which is affected by tides.is affected by tides.

A barrage is set across the water, when tide A barrage is set across the water, when tide comes in it flows through the turbines creating comes in it flows through the turbines creating electricity.electricity.

When water is behind the barrage a gate is When water is behind the barrage a gate is lowered capturing water above it.lowered capturing water above it.

When low tide comes the gate is raised and When low tide comes the gate is raised and gets pushed through another set of turbines.gets pushed through another set of turbines.

This system is a two way turbine and allows This system is a two way turbine and allows electricity to be produced from both high and electricity to be produced from both high and low tide.low tide.


O.T.E.C.O.T.E.C.Ocean Thermal Energy Ocean Thermal Energy

ConverterConverter

Designed to create electricity in Designed to create electricity in warm tropical waterswarm tropical waters

Warm water heats liquidWarm water heats liquid Steam is forced through turbinesSteam is forced through turbines Steam is condensedSteam is condensed Cycle is repeatedCycle is repeated


Wave PowerWave Power

Oceans created tremendous Oceans created tremendous amounts of energy. Wind hits the amounts of energy. Wind hits the water and transfers potential water and transfers potential energy to the water. To capture energy to the water. To capture this energy an oscillating water this energy an oscillating water column (OWC) is used.column (OWC) is used.


O.W.C.O.W.C.

Wave hits the OWC air inside is Wave hits the OWC air inside is compressed and forced through air compressed and forced through air turbines.turbines.

These have been designed to These have been designed to provide power for buoys in the sea provide power for buoys in the sea to light their bulbs.to light their bulbs.


Hydroelectric PowerHydroelectric Power

Converts kinetic energy contained Converts kinetic energy contained in falling water in to electricity. in falling water in to electricity. Hydroelectric power is the worlds Hydroelectric power is the worlds largest renewable source of largest renewable source of electricity. In Canada 60% of electricity. In Canada 60% of electrical needs are ascertained electrical needs are ascertained from hydroelectric power. 6% of the from hydroelectric power. 6% of the worlds electrical energy is produced worlds electrical energy is produced by hydroelectricity. by hydroelectricity.


ConflictConflict OilspillsOilspills

– Transportation vs. damage to the environmentTransportation vs. damage to the environment

SpeedboatsSpeedboats– pleasure/recreation vs. damage to reed beds and pleasure/recreation vs. damage to reed beds and

bank erosionbank erosion

Arid areasArid areas– Supply and demand for water of rival countriesSupply and demand for water of rival countries

Water sportsWater sports– pleasure/financial gain vs. noise pollution and pleasure/financial gain vs. noise pollution and

damage to the environmentdamage to the environment


TransportTransport People carriersPeople carriers

– TravelTravel ferriesferries hovercrafthovercraft cruise linerscruise liners

– EntertainmentEntertainment speed boatsspeed boats rowing boatsrowing boats jet skisjet skis

Cargo carriers and Cargo carriers and Industrial usesIndustrial uses– Oil tankersOil tankers– quarryed materialquarryed material– cars and machinerycars and machinery– fishing boatsfishing boats


TransportTransport

Military usesMilitary uses– submarinessubmarines– aircraft carriersaircraft carriers– battle cruisersbattle cruisers

THANK YOU!!THANK YOU!!Will, Rhian, Alison and SophieWill, Rhian, Alison and Sophie

Mankind's Utilisation of Water Resources By Will, Rhian, Alison and Sophie.

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