Prepared by: Johanne Miguel F. Aca-ac Vanessa May A. Enriquez

Michaela V. Hubahib

EARTH SCIENCE

INTRODUCTION

A businessman would like to increase his earnings through mining. Learning about his interest in the field, three companies immediately came up with project proposals for three different mineral reserves. Company A proposed for manganese, Company B recommended phosphates; Company envisioned a coal mining industry. However, the businessman, seeing the project to involve a huge amount of money, thought of hiring your expertise as a team MINERAL EXPERTS to help him decide where to invest.

TASK

• Your job in this web quest is to come up with a PowerPoint presentation that contains everything the businessman should know in order for him to make a profitable decision as to which company should he be getting. The team involved in this quest must have the following experts to come up with a strong credible advice; a. Geologistb. Economistc. IndustrialistIt has to be noted however that the businessman is in a hurry. Thus, the presentation has to be passed in two days after receiving this notice.

MANGANESE

Manganese is a chemical element, designated by the symbol Mn. Manganese is a silvery-gray metal resembling iron. It is hard and very brittle, difficult to fuse, but easy to oxidize. Manganese metal and its common ions are paramagnetic.

The ore is milled to a powder and then it is reduced to a soluble form in rotary kilns.  The reduced ore is dissolved in acid solution, followed by purification (precipitation of impurities and filtration).

Geologist

Economist

Manganese (Mn) has become a critical component in metallurgical applications. It has a two-fold application in that it scavenges impurities such as oxygen, sulphur and other elements during the steel making process as well as adding toughness, hardness and abrasion resistance to steel in the form of an alloying component. Approximately 90% of the manganese consumed in the world are used in manganese ferroalloys as well as manganese metal in the production of iron and steel.

Industrialist

PHOSPHATES

A phosphate, an inorganic chemical, is a salt of phosphoric acid.

Phosphate ore is found from 15 to 50 feet below the ground, generally in equal parts of sand, clay and phosphate rock.

The "beneficiation" process separates the sand and clay from the phosphate rock. After the largest particles are removed, the slurry is run through a hydro cyclone that uses centrifugal force to remove the clay.

Geologist

Economist

Phosphates

Inorganic phosphates are mined to obtain phosphorus for use in agriculture and industry. At elevated temperatures in the solid state, phosphates can condense to form pyrophosphates.

A phosphate, an inorganic chemical, is a salt of phosphoric acid.

Industrialist

COAL MINING

The goal of coal mining is to economically remove coal from the ground.

Coal was mined from underground. Coal was mined from underground with a pick and shovel. Methods of extraction

1. Modern surface mining2. Area mining 3.Contour mining 4.Mountaintop

removal mining 5.Room and pillar mining

6.Underground mininga. Long wall mining b. Continuous miningc. Blast mining d. Short wall mining e. Retreat mining

Geologist

Table 31. Average Sales Price of Coal by State and Coal Rank, 2008(Dollars per Short Ton)

Coal-Producing State Bituminous Subbituminous Lignite Anthracite Total

Alabama  71.31 - - - 71.31

Colorado  W W - - 32.67

Illinois  40.30 - - - 40.30

Indiana  34.95 - - - 34.95

Kentucky Total  51.32 - - - 51.32  

Eastern  56.63 - - - 56.63  

Western  35.53 - - - 35.53

Maryland  42.19 - - - 42.19

Montana  - W W - 12.31

New Mexico  W W - - 33.16

North Dakota  - - 12.92 - 12.92

Ohio  41.40 - - - 41.40

Economist

Coal-Producing State Bituminous Subbituminous Lignite Anthracite Total

Oklahoma  47.72 - - - 47.72

Pennsylvania Total  50.52 - - 60.76 50.77  

Anthracite  - - - 60.76 60.76  

Bituminous  50.52 - - - 50.52

Tennessee  48.94 - - - 48.94

Texas  - - 18.16 - 18.16

Utah  26.39 - - - 26.39

Virginia  84.57 - - - 84.57

West Virginia Total  60.16 - - - 60.16  

Northern  43.95 - - - 43.95  

Southern  65.80 - - - 65.80

Wyoming  W W - - 11.39

U.S. Total  51.39 12.31 16.50 60.76 31.25

Industrial processes

Industrialist

Finely ground bituminous coal, known in this application as sea coal, is a constituent of foundry sand . While the molten metal is in the mould the coal burns slowly, releasing reducing gasses at pressure and so preventing the metal from penetrating the pores of the sand. It is also contained in mould wash, a paste or liquid with the same function applied to the mould before casting. Sea coal can be mixed with the clay lining (the "bod") used for the bottom of a cupola furnace . When heated the coal decomposes and the bod becomes slightly friable, easing the process of breaking open holes for tapping the molten metal.

Therefore , I conclude that the more expensive in investing of business , is a manganese mining. However , a manganese mining is very important in our modern world. One of the common important use by the iron and the steel in the street, it reduces iron oxide to form manganese oxide. Which dissolves well in molten slag and is easily separated from iron, it’s increase are durability and corrosion resistance of iron and steel and makes steel more malleable which forced. Example is alloy.

Conclusion

http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/coal/page/acr/table31.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal_mininghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphatehttp://www.baysoundings.com/sum02/behind.

htmlhttp://www.infomine.com/commodities/manga

nese.asp

Sources

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VanMichaelaJohanne