“WELCOME TO OUR CHEMICAL SLIDES”

THE BENEFITS OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS IN

DAILY LIFE

CREATED BY :

©Dewi Ayu Ratnawati©Iren Karina©Nurfaizah Amatullah©Primadifta Pancadasa M©Putri Puspa Delima©Tedy Suwega

CREATED BY :

©Dewi Ayu Ratnawati©Iren Karina©Nurfaizah Amatullah©Primadifta Pancadasa M©Putri Puspa Delima©Tedy Suwega

X.4X.4

SMA NEGERI 1 BANJARJl KH Mustafa No 1 Banjar Telp (0265) 749112

SMA NEGERI 1 BANJARJl KH Mustafa No 1 Banjar Telp (0265) 749112

CONTENTS

The main products of petroleum Gasoline Quality Octan Number Increase gasoline octan numbe

r

THE MAIN PRODUCTS THE MAIN PRODUCTS

LPG

The abbreviation of Lyqufied petroleum gas ( gas minyak bumi

yg dicairkan)It contains mixture of many

hydrocarbons came from gas fractions of crude oil refining .

Such as : propane , butane, ethane,and pentane.

The Benefits

GASOLINE

Gasoline is earth oil fraction with outmost use in the society.Contains hydrocarbon compounds with more many variations than LPG ( chain alkanes, branch chain alkanes, cycloalkanes, aromatic dan alkenes ) Suitable for non-diesel engine, such as motorcycles, and most four-wheeled vehicles.

METHOD OF COMPOUND STRUCTURE CHANGING

EXPLANATION

Catalyc naptha reforming Changing alkanes into aromatics.

Fluidised catalyc cracking Changing long-chained hydrocarbons that has high boiling point into short -cain .

Isomerisation Changing straight cain alkanes into branch cain alkanes.

Alkylation Reacting alkanes with isobutane to produce isoalkanes wit high octane number.

INCREASE GASOLINE OCTAN NUMBER

Adding TEL ( Tetra Ethyl Lead ).

3

1

2 Adding Naphtalene

4

5

6Adding MTBE ( Meti-Tersier-Butileter

Termal reforming at 500°-600°C

High Pressure at 25-50

atm

THE BENEFIT

KEROSENE

Uncolored and flammable hydrocarbon liquid. It comes from distilation of crude liquid at 150° and 275° (carbon chain from C12 – C15.)The quality of stove and ligthouse is lower than plane fuel.

THE BENEFITS

SOLAR OIL

«Contains of earth oil boiling point at 250 °- 340° C .«Used as diesel engine oil.«Usually, contains high composition sulfur in it.« Solar quality measured by cetane number.« Pertamina as produced enviromental friendly solar named as “PERTAMINA DEX” ( Diesel Environment Extra). It was designed to number 53( minimum point) higher than common solar oil (48).

THE BENEFIT

DIESEL FUEL

GREASE OIL AND ASPHALT

© Grease oil comes from heavy gas oil fraction.© Asphalt comes from earth oil residue.©Asphalt main components: satured-unsatured carbon compounds, aliphatic, dan aromatic which has 150 carbon atoms per molecule.

THE BENEFITS