• Maneuvering a ULCC is a job that a few people can handle

• It is the responsibility of the Captain who have reached a precious tile “Master Unlimited.

• There are only 3000 of them world wide and there the only ones accredited to command the ship

• ULCC is as long as four foot ball fields, & that , at cruising speed & fully loaded, it stops in a mere six miles if its engine is stopped. With full reverse it stops in 2 miles

• Captains practice on simulators and training at Port Revel in France

• After few days of practice, they can squeeze 700’ behe-moth in 750’ space left between two other ships in port without the help of a tug.

International Ocean Transportation Becoming a Master Unlimited.

• Most ships after 20-25 years of sea get damaged so much, they can not be economically used

• In addition as size of ship increases, shipping lines have a surplus of capacity which can be sold

• Where do all these old ships end their lives?

• Many of them end up on beaches of Pakistan, Bangladesh or India where they are dismantled for a sale as scrap

• Half of these ships die in Alan in Gujarat

• 600 or so scrap businesses dismantle 400 ships every year

• These are dangerous & poorly paid jobs but provided employment to 200,000 workers

• Despite governmental protests about the impact of this business on health, image etc, it continues.

The End of The Shipping Line

International Ocean TransportationInternational Ocean TransportationLiner ShipsLiner Ships – They make regular voyage on established – They make regular voyage on established

routes. Two ports or more as scheduledroutes. Two ports or more as scheduled

Liner ship’s size depends on draft & ocean condition on the Liner ship’s size depends on draft & ocean condition on the

route, specific types of cargoroute, specific types of cargo

Tramp ShipsTramp Ships : they operate whenever market dictates : they operate whenever market dictates

They do not operate on regular scheduleThey do not operate on regular schedule

They usually carry one type of cargoThey usually carry one type of cargo

Tramp vessel is like a taxi cab whereas a liner ship is like a Tramp vessel is like a taxi cab whereas a liner ship is like a

public bus.public bus.

Size of Vessel : – Expressed in tons

• Dead Weight tonnage – (DWT) is the total capacity of the ship

i,.e max weight of cargo ship can carry.

• Bunker – Fuel it needs

• Stores – Supplies it needs

• Registered tonnage – (GRT) total volume capacity of the ship

measured in hundreds of cubic feet

• But this not the cargo carrying capacity

• This capacity is used to pay tax when registered or to ports when

they visit or the channels they use

• Once volume occupied by crew,engine, etc, is removed, the net

registered tonnage is obtained

Displacement : The displacement tonnage is the total weight of the ship when fully loaded, measured by the weight or the volume of water it displaces

Light tonnage – is the weight of the ship measured the same way, when the vessel is empty. Both the tonnages are used for stability

Plimsol Lines : Ships are fully loaded” at different drafts is the function of season in which they are operating, latitude & density of water. The deepest a ship can sink is called the “tropical line”, summer line, winter line, Winter-North – Atlantic Line . Fresh water line in which ship sinks/sits more as density is low. All of these lines are painted on the hull & form a diagram called Plimsol mark.

The Plimsoll Mark

L R F

W

S T

T F

WNALR – Lloyd’s Register

TF – Tropical Fresh Water

F – Fresh Water

T – Tropical Seas

S – Summer Seas

W – Winter Seas

WNA – Winter, North Atlantic Ocean

Size CategoriesSize Categories : The ships which pass through panama : The ships which pass through panama

are called Panamax ship. Such ships have 75000 tons dead are called Panamax ship. Such ships have 75000 tons dead

weight. They barely fit locks of panama which are 1000’ weight. They barely fit locks of panama which are 1000’

long & 110 ft wide. Longest ship to cross panama canal is long & 110 ft wide. Longest ship to cross panama canal is

Marcona Prospector 973’ Long, 106 ‘wide, The widest is USS Marcona Prospector 973’ Long, 106 ‘wide, The widest is USS

New Jersey which is 108’ wide.New Jersey which is 108’ wide.

Post – Panama ShipsPost – Panama Ships

Suez – Max ShipsSuez – Max Ships : DWT – 150,000 tons, 285 M long, 35 M : DWT – 150,000 tons, 285 M long, 35 M

wide & 23m draft. In 1996, Suez canal was widened & wide & 23m draft. In 1996, Suez canal was widened &

deepeneddeepened

Capesize Ships –large dry bulk carriers of a capacity greater

than 80,000 DWT

Very large Crude Carrier – Oil tanker of upto 300,000

DWT, 350 m long, 55 m wide, 28 m draft

Ultra Large Crude Carrier – Oil tanker of more than

300,000 DWT. One of the largest ULCC built, the “Sea

Giant” is 555,000 DWT. 415m long, 63m wide; 35m draft.

Such a ship can not go to port but discharges cargo in deep

sea by lightering

• The largest container ship is Regina Maersk – 302 m long, 43 m wide &12

m draft & DWT – 65,600 ton.

Types of Vessels

Containership – 60% of world trade is containerized. They rely on port

cranes to unload cargo. Some container ships have their cranes.

Roll on/roll off ships – 1. Ships were created to accommodate cargo that

was self propelled, such as automobiles etc.

2. They are essentially floating parking garages.

3. RORO ships have a portion of their hull that opens up and acts as a ramp

on which the vehicles are driven before being parked, on decks of the ship.

4. Opening on the side of the ship or its stern (rear). 5. Specialized equipment

not required. 6. They have adjustable decks. 7. No stevedoring labor

required. It is cheap

Break Bulk ShipsBreak Bulk ShipsLeast homogeneous category of shipsLeast homogeneous category of ships

They are multipurpose ships which carry all sizes of cargo They are multipurpose ships which carry all sizes of cargo

Because of containerized ships, RORO ships, break bulk ships Because of containerized ships, RORO ships, break bulk ships

requirement is decreasingrequirement is decreasing

Cargo being of different , require different handling Cargo being of different , require different handling

equipmentequipment

Securing load on decks is expensiveSecuring load on decks is expensive

They stay in ports longer as discharge rate is lowThey stay in ports longer as discharge rate is low

They have flexibility of handling any cargoThey have flexibility of handling any cargo

They have crane on board therefore can handle cargo They have crane on board therefore can handle cargo

without difficultywithout difficulty

Almost no new break bulk ship has been built during the last Almost no new break bulk ship has been built during the last

15 years15 years

Combination ships are increasingCombination ships are increasing

Combination Ships

• Can carry allsorts of cargo in a single voyage

• They have several holds which hold all types of cargo

• It has also tween deck or a deck below main deck

• Vehicles, break bulk cargo can be accommodated

• It can also carry containers

• It has cranes

• They operate in shipping lanes that have low volume of

trade

Lash Ships• Lighter aboard ships (LASH) is quite versatile

• It carries a standardized units of cargo

• Unit is large in size 385 metric tons

• Unit can also float, they are called (LASH) barges

• They are 18 m long, 9 m wide & 3 m deep

• Each barge is covered with a hatch cover & is watertight

• Capacity of ship is 80 Lash barges

• It allows very fast loading & unloading

• They can call on ports where lifting facilities are inadequate

• Loading & unloading at anchor possible

• Cargo barges can be delivered at any place

Crude Carrier

• Dedicated for petroleum products like crude

• Refined crude carrier called product carriers

• Large ships can call on some ports only

• They stay at anchor points

• Crude is discharged at anchorage point called lighterage

• Floating island is used for discharging crude. VLCC or

ULCC are connected to floating island. by pipeline

Dry - Bulk Carriers

• Operate as oil tanker basis

• Chartered for whole voyage

• Agricultural products, ores, scrap etc

• They are generally small in size 10,000 DWT

• Refrigerated ships called “reefer ships”

• Some ships carry vegetable oils, etc

• Chemical tankers

Gas Carriers

• They carry LNG, LPG

• Long term contracts called time charter parties

• They have sailing schedule

• Choice of flag has many consequences beyond training of crew, taxes the ship owners have to pay.

• Cabot age rules require that American flags & crews be used in US water

• Ships having no US flag can not travel within American Ports.

• Most of the cruise ships fly flags of countries such as Bahamas, or Secondary registries, such as that of Norway

• Such ships pay substandard wages & 12-15 hours of work.

Flying Flag

• Passengers are oblivious about this problem

• When Hong kong rejoined the people’s Republic of China, in July 1997, a flag issue surfaced

• They ultimately decided not to fly any flag in each other’s ports

• During the conflict between Iran & Iraq in the Persian Gulf, Several Kuwaiti Ship were temporarily placed under the US Flag so they could gain protection from US Navy

• Finally all crude carriers were given US Flag when they were in Persian Gulf.

Flag

• According to international convention, each ship carries a

flag of the country to which it belongs

• It is registered in that country

• They pay taxes to that country

• Composition of crew, training requirement, its nationality

vacation time

• Flying US flag ads at least 30% more to operating cost

• US flag carrying ship costs $13,300 per day whereas the

same ship flying developing country’s flag costs US

$1400.

• Flag regulates qualification of crew, compensation etc

Conference

• A group of shipping companies (carriers) that operate

vessels competing in the same trade lines, and that have

legally agreed to not compete on price and charge the same

amount for the same type of cargo and the same voyage.

• Tariff – The price that conference members have agreed to

charge for a specific commodity going from one specific

port to another.

• Conferences are organized on trade routes & will have

same price on that route. All these rates are called tariffs

& are published

Hague – Visby RulesAn international liability convention for ocean going carriers that

limits their liability to SDR 667 per package or SDR 2 per kg.

Whichever is higher. This liability convention is the most

commonly used in the world: however, the United States has not

ratified this convention & therefore still abides by the Hague rules.

Hamburg Rules

An international liability convention for ocean going carriers that

limits their liability to SDR 835 per package or SDR 2.5 per kg.

Whichever is higher and eliminates most of the ‘defenses’ a carrier

could use to discharge itself liability. The Hamburg rules have not

been ratified by many countries, the United States has not ratified

this convention and therefore still abides by the Hague Rules.

Non Vessels Operating Common Carriers – NVOCC make

up another type of shipping Co :

• They do not own & operate ship

• NVOCC operate by purchasing space on ship on a

given voyage & by selling this space to companies that

need to ship cargo

• NVOCC acts as a freight consolidator

• In 1999, US $ 870 million worth of cut flowers entered USA. 70 % which came from Colombia,

• Trade was done through airfreight, Aero flora of Columbia

• Aeroflora sends 15 flights every week to USA filled with only one cargo 1,e.cut flowers-roses & carnations mostly.

• Week preceding valentine's day, business becomes crazy.

• In 1999, co: sent 18 Boeings 474s with flowers 48 hours preceding holiday

• Every year Federal Express dedicates two to three of its DC10s for that purpose.

• 747 Boeing holds 3.6 million roses

• From Late May until late June, Cherry season starts

• More than 1.1 million cartons (8.2kg each) of cherries leave USA for Japan

• 9000 MT of cherries travel by air freighters. US$ 1.95 per kg freight charge.

• It is the most profitable period of the year for the airline involved in that trade.

International Air Transportation Cherries & Carnations.

Air TransportationAir Transportation

34% world trade by value is moving by air34% world trade by value is moving by airHigh value low density cargo moving fastHigh value low density cargo moving fastAir transportation is increasing as air Air transportation is increasing as air transportation is becoming cheap. Reasons for transportation is becoming cheap. Reasons for increase in air cargo areincrease in air cargo are– Deregulation & liberalization of air cargo Deregulation & liberalization of air cargo

industryindustry– Global interdependence helped by world Global interdependence helped by world

trade agreementstrade agreements– International production & sales of goods & International production & sales of goods &

serviceservice– New inventory management concepts like JITNew inventory management concepts like JIT– New air eligible commoditiesNew air eligible commodities– Vast development of high value & limited Vast development of high value & limited

time consumable commodities.time consumable commodities.

International Air Transportation

• It has grown during last two decades through the advent of

“time defined” deliveries

• Federal Express create above concept in 1981.

• It is the largest airfreight company in the world

• Lufthansa is the second.

Types of Aircrafts

• Passenger aircrafts carrying cargo

• Cargo aircrafts carry only cargo

• Planes used for cargo services that are regularly scheduled

• Planes of cargo services hired for a single trip

Passenger airplanes

• Aircraft carries some cargo in the belly

• Most of the airfreight is loose

• None of the packages in the aircraft are secured

• International belly cargo is extremely urgent

• Max size & weight of package/load that an aircraft can

carry.

• Many items are not allowed in passenger planes

• Onboard carriers above use passenger aircrafts

Combis

Combi airplanes are passenger airplanes that are designed so that freight is carried on the main deck

• Main deck is split in the middle of the aircraft

• Some portion for cargo & other for passengers

• They travel long distances

• Combis are advantageous as size limitation of passenger

aircraft is absent

• Main deck has a greater weight capacity, larger door can

accept pallets, containerized cargo

• Cargo can be secured in plane with slings

• Restrictions on what can be shipped with passengers aboard

remains

Air freighters• Most air freighters are liners traveling between two airports.

They operate on regular basis

• One of which is hub, the location at which the cargo will be

transferred to another flight

• They are equipped with ‘roller deck” for pushing palletized or

container's cargo through an over sized door.

• These are old planes used & are noisy. They operate at night

• Memphis airport is largest cargo airport in the world.

• Freight is priced on weight & volume & will charge higher of the

two

• On international shipments the volume weight conversion uses 60

m3 per Ton. Or 166 cubic inches per pound.

Charters

• Cargo airplanes serve chartered transportation

• Goods should be present for loading

• Goods to be shipped do not fit into airplanes regularly

scheduled, in this case shipper charters a heavy lift cargo

airplane

• Specialized cargo is handled by specialised aircrafts

• Antonov 124 carries 150 Tons

• Airbus beluga for large volume cargo 1400 m3 but max of

47 tons

• If the cargo service is not available for some location, then

DC3 is used to take cargo to the destination

Space & EquipmentSpace & Equipment

Belly space – Normally used for luggage of Belly space – Normally used for luggage of passengers about 60% of cargo moves in passengers about 60% of cargo moves in luggage compartmentsluggage compartmentsFlex belly – Interior of passenger plane can be Flex belly – Interior of passenger plane can be adjusted to include more/less space for cargoadjusted to include more/less space for cargoFreighter – Used for cargo Often passenger Freighter – Used for cargo Often passenger planes at the end of their life is converted into planes at the end of their life is converted into freighterfreighterTransport related stress on cargo are much Transport related stress on cargo are much lesslessLess packaging is needed which saves costLess packaging is needed which saves costInsurance premium on air cargo tends to be Insurance premium on air cargo tends to be lowlowPlanes are designed for long flightsPlanes are designed for long flights

Freighter fleet doubles by 2013Freighter fleet doubles by 2013

Large 175

Medium357

Small476

Large777

Small 862

Medium575

1993 2013

IATA ( International Air Transport Association ) IATA ( International Air Transport Association ) found that the average delivery time for air found that the average delivery time for air cargo was 6.5 days point to pointcargo was 6.5 days point to pointThis time has decreased to 6 daysThis time has decreased to 6 daysWealthiest regions in the world use air tours Wealthiest regions in the world use air tours portal for exotic food, medicines etc.portal for exotic food, medicines etc.Four major air cargo markets – North Atlantic Four major air cargo markets – North Atlantic transpacific, Europe – Far East & US domestic transpacific, Europe – Far East & US domestic make three quarters of the total marketmake three quarters of the total marketThree forms of air cargo carriers: Integrated Three forms of air cargo carriers: Integrated carries & FedEx & UPS. Scheduled Couriers carries & FedEx & UPS. Scheduled Couriers offering cargo services. Chartered carriers are offering cargo services. Chartered carriers are specialized all cargo couriersspecialized all cargo couriersCargo containers used for air cargo are very Cargo containers used for air cargo are very different from that used for other modes of different from that used for other modes of transporttransportInter modal size containers (8X8X20) are used Inter modal size containers (8X8X20) are used for cargo only on freightersfor cargo only on freighters

Four Distinct Markets for Air CargoFour Distinct Markets for Air CargoMail – used in official postal serviceMail – used in official postal serviceExpress transportation – It is defined by FedEx Express transportation – It is defined by FedEx is faster growing. Delivery is time definiteis faster growing. Delivery is time definiteCourier – It is an extension of air express. Courier – It is an extension of air express. Delivery is either same day or next day flight. Delivery is either same day or next day flight. They can track the packageThey can track the packageCourier service is expensive because someone Courier service is expensive because someone has to be at the airport 24 hours to get has to be at the airport 24 hours to get packages passed through customspackages passed through customsFreight – Mostly larger packages are movedFreight – Mostly larger packages are movedMoving large packages by express is expensiveMoving large packages by express is expensiveHowever difference between express & freight However difference between express & freight is diminishingis diminishingAir cargo company has to satisfy expectations Air cargo company has to satisfy expectations of both the partiesof both the partiesPerishables is a golden marketPerishables is a golden market

Perishable Imports World wide Perishable Imports World wide (breakdown)(breakdown)

Meat and animal products –0.241Meat and animal products –0.241PharmaceuticalsPharmaceuticals -0.017 -0.017Dairy productsDairy products -0.139 -0.139NutsNuts -0.115 -0.115Fish & Sea foodFish & Sea food -0.114 -0.114MiscellaneousMiscellaneous -0.062 -0.062VegetablesVegetables -0.055 -0.055Flowers & PlantsFlowers & Plants -0.040 -0.040FruitsFruits -0.033 -0.033Chocolates & CandyChocolates & Candy -0.030 -0.030

Distribution of CostsDistribution of Costs

Value added servicesValue added services - -0.0820.082

Local pickupLocal pickup -0.089 -0.089

Transportation in refrigerated truck –0.144Transportation in refrigerated truck –0.144

Export service & customsExport service & customs -0.015 -0.015

Air cargoAir cargo -0.049 -0.049

Import service & customsImport service & customs -0.091 -0.091

WarehousingWarehousing -0.090 -0.090

Forces & constraints for Air Cargo GrowthForces & constraints for Air Cargo Growth

Industry Relocation

New

com

modities

Wide body

freighters C

ombos &

low

er deck

Directi

onal

Imbala

nces

Airline

market

Research

Airline market

Shipper education

Airport Curfews

Proliferation

of points served

Reengineered

Bilateral

Air

& s

urfa

ceL

abou

r st

oppa

ges

JIT

conc

epts

Shipper utilization Surface Competition

Export

Promotion

Trade Quotas &

Restric

tions

New Trade Relationship

Currency Revolution

National

development

program

Oil pric

e &

Availabilit

y

Deregu

latio

n Ex

pres

s m

arke

t

Characteristics of Air Cargo Characteristics of Air Cargo CommoditiesCommodities1.1. PerishablePerishable

2.2. Subject to quick obsolescenceSubject to quick obsolescence3.3. Required on short noticeRequired on short notice4.4. Valuable relative to weightValuable relative to weight5.5. Expensive to handle or storeExpensive to handle or store6.6. When demand is unpredictable, infrequent, in When demand is unpredictable, infrequent, in

excess of local supply, seasonalexcess of local supply, seasonal7.7. When distribution problems include:When distribution problems include:

– Risk of pilferage, breakage, deteriorationRisk of pilferage, breakage, deterioration– High insurance costs for long in transit periodsHigh insurance costs for long in transit periods– Heavy or expensive packaging required for Heavy or expensive packaging required for

surface transportationsurface transportation– Special handling or case neededSpecial handling or case needed– Warehousing or stocks in excess of what would Warehousing or stocks in excess of what would

be needed if air freight were usedbe needed if air freight were used

Aviation EconomicsAviation Economics

Two major factors influence the growth of air Two major factors influence the growth of air

cargo: economic conditions & rate levelcargo: economic conditions & rate level

Yield Management – It is the way air carrier Yield Management – It is the way air carrier

gets maximum amount from each unit (cargo) gets maximum amount from each unit (cargo)

carried carried

Volume of traffic – Higher volume lower ratesVolume of traffic – Higher volume lower rates

Characteristics of the traffic – Cargo density Characteristics of the traffic – Cargo density

size per piece, average weight of the shipmentsize per piece, average weight of the shipment

Volume of the service – Needs of customerVolume of the service – Needs of customer

CompetitionCompetition

Aviation RegulationAviation Regulation

International Air Transport Association International Air Transport Association (IATA)(IATA)Used to regulate price but not nowUsed to regulate price but not nowInternational Civil Aeronautic Organisation – International Civil Aeronautic Organisation – Safety standards, technical standardsSafety standards, technical standardsFirst freedom, over flight – Right to fly in a First freedom, over flight – Right to fly in a country’s air spacecountry’s air spaceSecond freedom service stops – Right to Second freedom service stops – Right to stop for servicing of the plane, refueling etcstop for servicing of the plane, refueling etcThird freedom, passenger deliver – Right to Third freedom, passenger deliver – Right to bring revenue passenger from foreign bring revenue passenger from foreign countrycountryThis requires bilateral agreementsThis requires bilateral agreements

• Fourth freedom, Repatriation – Right to bring revenue passengers from a foreign country to home country

• Fifth freedom on carriage – The right to bring revenue passengers from one foreign country to another

• Sixth freedom , Cabot age – The right to carry passengers within a country

• Seventh freedom, All arrangement apply but for cargo

PORT OF MUMBAIPORT OF MUMBAIMumbai port has long has been principal Gateway to Mumbai port has long has been principal Gateway to

India.India.

It is situated almost midway ( Latitude 18o It is situated almost midway ( Latitude 18o

54’N.Longitude 72049’E) on the west coast of India.54’N.Longitude 72049’E) on the west coast of India.

It is a natural deep water Harbor of about 400sqKm.It is a natural deep water Harbor of about 400sqKm.

Approaches to harbour are well lighted, visible Approaches to harbour are well lighted, visible

29km.29km.

Channel has been deepened to 11 m with a mean Channel has been deepened to 11 m with a mean

high water neap tide of 33m. Channel is adequate to high water neap tide of 33m. Channel is adequate to

meet the requirements of large vessels, passenger meet the requirements of large vessels, passenger

ships & deep drafted takers.ships & deep drafted takers.

Navigation is allowed round the clock.Navigation is allowed round the clock.

Three wet clocks:Indira, Prince’s & Victoria, total water area of Three wet clocks:Indira, Prince’s & Victoria, total water area of 46.30 hectares & a qua yage of 7776 meters.46.30 hectares & a qua yage of 7776 meters.

Indira Dock has an Entrance Lock 228.6 m long & 30.5 m Indira Dock has an Entrance Lock 228.6 m long & 30.5 m wide.wide.

21 berths& 5 berths along harbour wall – 9.14m draft & 7.5 m 21 berths& 5 berths along harbour wall – 9.14m draft & 7.5 m Depth of berths can be increased by 1.2 m by impounding Depth of berths can be increased by 1.2 m by impounding water by pumps.water by pumps.

Two berths at ballard Pier – 224 m long, 9.75 m deep.Two berths at ballard Pier – 224 m long, 9.75 m deep.

For handling crude oil, petroleum products, there are four For handling crude oil, petroleum products, there are four jetties at Jawahar Dweep. Tanker of 12.7 m draft & 1,23,000 jetties at Jawahar Dweep. Tanker of 12.7 m draft & 1,23,000 tonnage can be handled.tonnage can be handled.

Two of the jetties can take tanker of 70,000 T. & 228.6 m long Two of the jetties can take tanker of 70,000 T. & 228.6 m long & third one can take 213.4m & 48,000 T. tanker.& third one can take 213.4m & 48,000 T. tanker.

Chemical & POL products are handled at two jetties at Pir PauChemical & POL products are handled at two jetties at Pir Pau

Pin pass can accommodate tankers of 170.7 m long & new Pin pass can accommodate tankers of 170.7 m long & new jetty can handle 197 m long & 10.5 m draft tanker.jetty can handle 197 m long & 10.5 m draft tanker.

Open bunders can also handle sailing vessels traffic.Open bunders can also handle sailing vessels traffic.

Two dry docks 304 m long & other 160 m long.Two dry docks 304 m long & other 160 m long.

Transit sheds at most of the berths.Transit sheds at most of the berths.

STORAGE & HANDLINGSTORAGE & HANDLING

There are liquid storage tanks for HSD, There are liquid storage tanks for HSD, FO, Veg. oil, etc.FO, Veg. oil, etc.Total covered storage area of 3,17,857, Total covered storage area of 3,17,857, & open area 1,41,401 & slots 12,802. Sq & open area 1,41,401 & slots 12,802. Sq m.m.Cargo handling equipments like wharf Cargo handling equipments like wharf cranes over 6 tonnes, shore cranes/ cranes over 6 tonnes, shore cranes/ gantries 35.5 ton.gantries 35.5 ton.Mobile cranes 14 tonnes, 20 tonnes.Mobile cranes 14 tonnes, 20 tonnes.Tractors 6000 lb per pull.Tractors 6000 lb per pull.Portainer 35.5 Tonn.Portainer 35.5 Tonn.

Reach Stackers 43 T & 45 T.Reach Stackers 43 T & 45 T.

Port Railway of its own 11 locomotives.Port Railway of its own 11 locomotives.

Rail container depot which can handle Rail container depot which can handle two trains of 45 with double discharge two trains of 45 with double discharge facilities.facilities.

Nicnet connectivityNicnet connectivity

InternetInternet

ISO 9001 – 2000 certification.ISO 9001 – 2000 certification.

State of the art Vessel Traffic Management State of the art Vessel Traffic Management Systems ( VTMS) for tracking & guidance of the Systems ( VTMS) for tracking & guidance of the ships.ships.

MISMIS

GPS based marine survey system.GPS based marine survey system.

Computerization of port operation & Computerization of port operation & management.management.

Flotilla of dredgersFlotilla of dredgers

Hopper barges of 225 – 300 T capacityHopper barges of 225 – 300 T capacity

Tugs from 320 HP to 1500 BHPTugs from 320 HP to 1500 BHP

Pilot Launches & other LaunchesPilot Launches & other Launches

Fire FloatsFire Floats

Survey VesselSurvey Vessel

PORT CHARGESPORT CHARGESPORT DUESPORT DUES1.1. Foreign going vessels of 3000 T & upwards – Foreign going vessels of 3000 T & upwards –

17 US cents per G.R.T.17 US cents per G.R.T.2.2. Foreign going vessels of 3000T & below 12 US Foreign going vessels of 3000T & below 12 US

cents cents 3.3. Coasting Vessels 3000T & upwards Rs.1.6/ Coasting Vessels 3000T & upwards Rs.1.6/

GRTGRT4.4. Coasting Vessels 3000T & below Rs.1.10 GRTCoasting Vessels 3000T & below Rs.1.10 GRTPIER DUESPIER DUES1.1. Rs.1.2 per GRT for 8hrs subject to minimum Rs.1.2 per GRT for 8hrs subject to minimum

Rs.1200Rs.12002.2. Rs.25 for every boat / barge for 8 hrs.Rs.25 for every boat / barge for 8 hrs.BERTH HIRE CHARGEBERTH HIRE CHARGE1.1. Coasting vessel Rs.0.75 / GRT for 8 hrs.Coasting vessel Rs.0.75 / GRT for 8 hrs.2.2. Foreign going US Cent 4.7 / GRTForeign going US Cent 4.7 / GRT

Pilotage, Tug Assistance, Towage•Vessels maneuvering with their engine

• Coasting (varies) Rs.3.85 / GRT / day

•Foreign going (varies) US cent 26.4 / GRT /day

•Charges for harbor tug for mooring vessel Rs.1.1/GRT/day & US Cent 12.1/GRT/day.

•Pilotage charge

•Mooring fees

•Attendance/ cancellation / Detention for harbor Tug.

7.7. Hire of launches & tank barges.Hire of launches & tank barges.8.8. Anchorage FeesAnchorage Fees9.9. Charges on cargo containers, Charges on cargo containers,

containerised cargo & container containerised cargo & container equipment.equipment.

10.10. Licence (Storage) Fees on containers for Licence (Storage) Fees on containers for the period of storage of containers.the period of storage of containers.

11.11. Charges for port trust labour for stuffing Charges for port trust labour for stuffing or destuffing of cargo.or destuffing of cargo.

12.12. Telephone charges.Telephone charges.13.13. Craneage charges.Craneage charges.14.14. Mobile crane & equipment.Mobile crane & equipment.

15.15. Port trust labour requisitioned & Port trust labour requisitioned & supplied but not fully or properly supplied but not fully or properly utilized.utilized.

16.Dry docks – docking & unloading.

17.Occupation of dry docks.

18.Wharfage.

19.License fees for water conveyance.

20.Charges for operation of the catamarans, hovercrafts, speed boats.

21.Wharfage for POL.

22.Free days – 3 days free of demurrage.

23.Demurrage on import cargo – Rs.25/day/tonne for first 30 days.

24.Exports – Non containerised cargo.

25.Containerized cargo export / import.