Managing Technology and Information

Chapter 15

Distinguish between data and information and explain the role of management information systems in business.

List the components and different types of information systems.

Outline how computer hardware and software are used to manage information.

Describe the networking and telecommunications technology and types of computer networks.

Discuss the security and ethical issues involving computer information systems.

Explain the steps that companies go through in anticipating, planning for, and recovering from information system disasters.

Review current trends in information systems.

1

2

3

Learning

Goals

4

5

6

7

Information

Systems

Data – raw facts and figures

Information – knowledge gained

from processing data

Information System –

organized method forcollecting, storing,

and communicating information on operations

Chief InformationOfficer –

executive responsible fordirecting information

systems and operations

Components of

Information

Systems

Computer Hardware

Computer Software

Telecommunications and Computer Networks

Data Resource Management

Computer Hardware

Computer Software

Telecommunications and Computer Networks

Data Resource Management

Types of

Information

Systems

• Operational Support Systems– Transaction Processing System– Process Control System

• Management Support Systems– Management Information System (MIS)– Decision Support System (DSS)– Executive Support System (ESS)

Computer

Hardware

• The tangible elements of a computer system

• The components that store and process data, perform calculations

• Input devices like the keyboard and mouse allow users to enter data and commands.

• Storage and processing components consist of the hard drive and other storage components like flash drives.

Types of

Computers

• Desktop (Personal) Computers

• Server

• Mainframes

• Supercomputers

• Notebook Computers

• Handheld Devices

Computer

Software

• Programs, routines, and computer languages that control a computer

• Operating System– Windows Operating System– Mac Operating System

• Application Software– Microsoft PowerPoint– Quicken

Computer

Networks

THE INTERNET

Local Area Networks (LAN)

Wide Area Networks (WAN)

Wireless Local Networks

Intranets

Virtual Private Networks (VPN)

Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP)

Security Issues

• E-Crime

• Computer Viruses– Worms– Trojan Horses– Spyware

Ethical Issues

Affecting Information

Systems

• Use of information systems by employees and vendors:– Personal Use– Privacy

• Organizational use of information:– Employment records– Employee monitoring

Disaster Recovery

& Backup

• Natural Disasters

• Power Failures

• Equipment Malfunctions

• Software Glitches

• Human Error

• Terrorist Attacks

• The most basic precaution – Backup.

90% of firms that sustained a loss of critical data went out of business

within two years.

90% of firms that sustained a loss of critical data went out of business

within two years.

Information

Systems Trends

• The Distributed Workforce– Employees who work in virtual

offices

• Application Service Providers– A firm that provides computers

and application support

• On Demand, Cloud, and Grid Computing– Renting software time