Management of Insect & Mite Pests in Vegetable Crops
Transcript of Management of Insect & Mite Pests in Vegetable Crops
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Stuart Reitz
Oregon State University Extension
&Michael R. Bush
Washington State University Extension
11/17/2015
Management of Insect & Mite Pests in Vegetable Crops
Pacific Northwest Vegetable Association’s Pre-Conference Workshop on Vegetable Crop Management 101
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Why Did It Have to be “Bugs”?
• Bugs = Hemiptera
• Half-winged
• Incomplete metamorphosis (nymph looks like adult)
• Sucking mouthparts
Photo by D. BanDrosky
Photo by S. Collman, WSU Extension
Photo by P. Shearer, OSU
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Other Bugs of Veggies
• Aphids, Psyllids, Whiteflies, & Leafhoppers
• Incomplete metamorphosis (nymph looks like adult)
• Sucking mouthparts!
Squash Bug W. Tarnished Plant Bug
Lygus Bug photo byB. Gerdeman-WSU
• Bugs = Hemiptera & Homoptera
Rose aphid- http://www.warrenphotographic.co.uk
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Bug Feeding & Crop Damage
• Piercing/sucking mouthparts
• Dimpling/Corking due to plant cell death
• Tissue stunting, crop loss of vigor
• Honeydew production
• Disease vector
Photo by J. Glass- WSU
Photo by C. Looney, WSDA
Photo by N. Wiman, OSU
Photo by B. Gunderson, WSU
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Sampling/Monitoring Bugs
• Sweep nets
• Yellow sticky traps
• Honeydew detection
• Area-wide detection NC State IPM Program
A. Jensen, WSPC
Photo by A. Jensen, WSPC
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Managing Bugs
• Biological control
• Cultural control
• Properly timed applications of contact pesticides
• Systemic pesticides
Cornell University
Trissolcus japonicas,
WSU Press 10/22/15
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Meet the Beetles
• Beetles = Coleoptera
• Complete metamorphosis (Larvae not like adult)
• Sheathed-winged
• Chewing mouthparts
L. Lacey, USDA-ARS
D. Horton, USDA-ARSOR State University
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Beetle Feeding & Crop Damage
• Chewing mouthparts
• Defoliation, holes
• Frass
• Missing tissues (including roots)
K. Ward, WSU
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Sampling/Monitoring Beetles
• Physical traps
• Visual evaluation for beetles or damage
D. Horton, USDA-ARS
Photo by Tom Brown
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Managing Beetles
• Crop rotation/ Fallow
• Soil cultivation
• Properly timed applications of contact pesticides
• Systemic pesticides
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Thrips
• Direct Feeding
– Punch and suck feeding
– “Silvering” scars on foliage
– Reduce photosynthesis
• Virus Transmission
– Iris Yellow Spot (IYSV)
• Onions, Garlic
– Tomato Spotted Wilt (TSWV)
• Tomato, Pepper, Potato
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Eileen Rendahl
Virus Acquisition
Virus
Transmission
Virus Transmission
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Adult
Larva
Stormy Sparks
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© Alex Wild 2004
Western Flower Thrips
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A
B
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Iris Yellow Spot Virus on Onion
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Lepidoptera
• Adults
– Moths, Butterflies
– Feed on nectar
• Caterpillars
– Feed on foliage, fruit,
stems, roots
– Chewing mouthparts
Hannah Nendick-Mason
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Lepidoptera
A.M. Varela
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Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota
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David Cappaert
A. M. Varela
Ansel OommenDiamondback Moth
Cabbage Looper
Imported Cabbageworm
John Capinera
Beet Armyworm
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Monitoring for Lepidoptera
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Eugene E. Nelson
OSU – Ken Gray Collection
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Pheromone Traps
Erik Burkness
UC ANR
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Integrating IPM
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“It is short-sighted to develop a chemical control program for the elimination of one insect pest and ignore the impact of that program on the other arthropods, both beneficial and harmful, in the ecosystem.”
Vern Stern – One of the “Fathers” of IPM
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insect.pnwhandbooks.org/
www.forestryimages.org/
bugguide.net/
oregonstate.edu/dept/hermiston/entomology-laboratory
www.ipm.ucdavis.edu
ask.extension.org mtvernon.wsu.edu/path_team/vegpath_team.htm
Pacific Northwest Vegetable
Extension Group
Washington State University,
Oregon State University,
and University of Idaho