MANAGEMENT OF HOSPITAL PHARMACY
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Transcript of MANAGEMENT OF HOSPITAL PHARMACY
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(PLANNING,ORGANIZING,CONTROLLING)
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DP-108-239
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PHARMACY are premises licensed for retail sale orsupply to hospital which have qualified licensed personsand indulged in compounding.
The pharmacy ACT was passed in 1948 whichrationalized the pharmacy.
The ACT was amended from time to time in 1959 and1976
HOSPITAL PHARMACY can be defined as
hospital pharmacy is a department or service in a
hospital under the directions of qualified pharmacists
where all medications and related supplies are
stocked,dispensed on prescription to in and out
patients,supplied to nursing units,manufature bulk and
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Hospital pharmacy
It mainly concerned withdispensing of medications
to pts of hospital. It has much more
compounding ofinjectables,solutions and
oral dosage form are insingle dosing units.
Retail pharmacy
It is concerned with allpatients of community.
It usually contains monthlysupplies of pre-dosedmedications
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Hospital pharmacy
Hospital pharmacist areinvolved in drug
dispensing
Clinical pharmacy
Clinical pharmacist areinvolved in working with
patient care and advisingdoctor and nurses
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DP-108-138
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OBJECTIVES
To ensure the availability of right medication at right timein right dose at minimum possible cost.
To professionalize the functioning of pharmaceutical
services in a hospital.To act as a counseling department for medical staff,nurses and for patients.
To act as a data bank on drug utilization.To participate in research projects.
To coordinate and cooperate with other departments of ahospital.
To plan,organize and implement pharmacy policyprocedures in keeping with established policies ofhospitals.
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To improve the health of public.
To expand the buisness of pharmacy.
BUDGET:
The budget of pharmacy depends on the size ofhospital.As the size of hospital increases,the budget also
increases.The total budget of hospital is planned once a year
and MANAGER of hospital pharmacy is expected tomaintain the pharmacys budget within total finance of
hospital.
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DP-108-240
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It should be located in hospital premises so that pts andstaff can easily approach it.
In multi-storeyed building of hospital pharmacy,the
pharmacy should be preferably located on ground floor.
It should be laid in such a way that there is continuousflow of men and material.
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Lay-out of ideal hospital pharmacy should be as
ASEPTIC AREA MANUFACTURING
SECTION
RAW MATERIALSTORESFINISHED
PRODUCT
PASSAGEADMINISTRATIV
E
SECTIONDISPENSINGOPEN SPACE
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250 sq.ft is min imum requied area for any sized hospital.
NO OF BEDS AREA/BED
100 bedded hospital 10 sq.ft/bed
200 bedded hospital 6 sq.ft/bed
500 bedded hospital 5 sq.ft/bed
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In smaller hospitals with one pharmacist only, only one room isrequired for pharmacy having a combination of dispensing,manufacturing,administrative and all other sections ofcomplete pharmaceutical sciences.
In large hospitals with 200 or more beds ,deparmentalization
of pharmacy activities is required.A separate room is required for
1. storage2. Compounding3. sterile products
4. Drug information services5. Unit dose dispensing6. Out pt services7. In patient services
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Floor should be smooth,easily washable and acid-resistant.
Walls should be smooth,washable and light colors.
Drug cabinets should be of wood or steel.
Plenty of windows should be used for day light.
Dust-free window blinds should be used.
Adequate electric sockets and exhaust for gases shouldbe used.
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In prescription area, office desk with telephoneconnection and file cabinet should be available.
Sectional drawers with cupboard bases should beavailable.
Drug available list should be provided.
PREPARATION AREA:
Worktables for manufacturing of solutions should beavailable.
Sinks with drain board should be available.
Empty adjustable shelves should be provided.
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Storage cabinets with proper leveling should beavailable.
Space for loading of wood packs should be provided.
OTHER FACILITIES:
Refrigerator of suitable capacity should be provided.
Splits should be provided ton maintain temperature.
Dispensing windows sould be available for nurses andout-pts.
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DP-108-402
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ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR
PHARMACIST-IN-CHIEF SECRETORY
PHARMACY
Clerk RESIDENTS
Out-pt dispensing Manufacturing In-ptdispensing
supervisor Control supervisor
supervisor
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DIRECTOR OF PHARMACY
ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR OF PHARMACY
1)ADMINISTRATIVE UNIT DOSE DISPENSING EDUCATION AND
SERVICES DIVISION AND ADMINISTRATION TRAINING
STUDY DIVISION
Research Assistant Assistant Director of Assistant director of
Pharmacist Director of pharmacy pharmacy
(pharmaceutical Pharmacist In patient service Departmental
Research division) assay and division services
Pharmacist specialist Q.C division Out patient service Purchase and
(radiopharmaceutical sterile product division inventory
Division) division I.V admixture control
Pharmacist specialist Central supply division Manufacturing
(drug information Services division & Assay
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DP-108-167
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PURCHASING: Purchasing means to obtain an item by paying
money per its equivalent
PURCHASING AUTHORITY: In hospital, purchasing authority is assigned to
PHARMACIST.
METHODS OF PURCHASING:
1. Purchasing from local retail pharmacyIt involves the purchase in emergency conditions
from local retail pharmacy
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In this method,manufacturer submit their bid quotationsand pharmacist select the manufacturer with high qualityand low price.
CONTRACTPURCHASE (PRIME-VENDOR SYSTEM):
The contract purchase arrangement can be done withmanufacturer, wholesaler, or with a company for a
hospital supply.
In this method,a manufacturer pr supplier enter intocontractfor supply of drug products for a specified periodof time.
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The delivery of all drugs must be checked against theHOSPITAL PURCHASE ORDER FORMS and anydifference b/w ordered and received quantities isrecorded.
The drugs should be received by pharmacist and placethem in PHARMACY RECEIVING AREA.
All drugs should be placed into stock promptly uponreceipt, and controlled substances must be directly
transferred to safes and other secured area.
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DP-108-183
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Important considerations for stocking of drugs in pharmacy are:
1.STABILITY-COMPATIBLE STORAGE:
Proper storage control in terms of temperature,light,humidity,sanitation and ventilation conditions.
Compatible with stability of stored products.
2. SECURE STORAGE:
The drug storage areas must be well-secured.
Drug shelves and cabinets should be designated so that the drugaccessibility is confined to authorized personnel only.
3.SAFE STORAGE:
The poisons and inflammable compounds should be stored in safeplace.
4.SEGREGATE STORAGE:
External medications should be stored separately from internalmedications.
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Drugs may be stocked in
Alphabetical order
Code number sequence
Separating the solid dosage form from the remainderAccording to its use
CONTROL OF NARCOTICS:Special considerations should be given to control of
narcotics.
They should be issued on prescription with physicians
signature.
Complete records of narcotics should be mainatined.
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DP-108-198
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A number of techniques are used to manage theinventory.
1. ABC analysis:
ABC means ALWAYS BETTER CONTROL. In big hospital pharmacy, large inventory items are
stocked, so they are grouped in 3 categories:
I Category A:
Includes COSTLY items.
ii Category B:
Incldes items that are neither costly nor cheap.
iii Category C:
Includes cheaper items.
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VED analysis means
V= VITAL
E=ESSENTIAL
D=DESIREABLE
ECONOMIC ORDER QUANTITY(EOQ)EOQ is used to find out how much quantity of medicine is
to be ordered.
3 methods are used to determine EOQ
TABULAR DETERMINATION
GRAPHIC PRESENTATION
ALGEBRIC FORMULA
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A wantbook is a list of items,the pharmacy needs toorder.
Pharmacits records the product name and quantities.
PRICE STICKERSColored price stickers are used to indicate the time
period during which a product was received.e.g
I. BLUE STICKERS (first 6 months of year)II. RED STICKERS (next 6 months)
III. YELLOW STICKERS(first 6 months of next year)
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In this method,minimum and maximum inventory levelsare determined.
The minimum level of product depends on its REORDERPOINT.
The maximum level is determined by demand for theproduct.
STOCK RECORD CARDS(SRCs)SRCs are used to control inventories of item A.
It maintain the records of purchases, inventory and salesof monitored items.
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Comuterized inventory system is widely used nowadays.
This system facilitates the pharmacists to maintain theconstant control of inventories.
In this system, individual products can be updatedconstantly as purchases and sales are made.
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ATTENTION