Management Issues in the Lake Michigan Basin Aquatic invasive species Nutrient enrichment Beach...
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Transcript of Management Issues in the Lake Michigan Basin Aquatic invasive species Nutrient enrichment Beach...
Management Issuesin the Lake Michigan Basin Aquatic invasive species Nutrient enrichment Beach Health Contaminants – in
Sediments, Fish and Drinking Water
Nuisance algal blooms Habitat degradation Loss and Alteration of
Coastal Wetlands Fisheries and food web
changes
Current Monitoring Efforts
Need to identify historical and current monitoring for Cyanobacteria and toxins and related factors
USGS is developing a mapper tool and database to pull together as much Great Lakes monitoring data as possible.
When?Data calibration• Calibration to monthly Base flow measurements
• Stormflow (6 storms/yr.)
• Fixed-interval samples
• 60 environmental samples per site
Real-time water quality monitorsMulti-parameter (YSI) Sonde
Why Continuous QW Monitoring?• Improves our understanding of hydrology and water quality• Continuous data (every 15 minutes) --captures seasonal, diurnal, and event-driven
fluctuations • Reduces Time and Costs associated with manual sampling. • Few discrete samples (20 per year) used to develop QW interpretations.• Estimating non-monitored constituents involves regressions to
discharge. • Use water-quality data to predict water-quality data!
Surrogate load estimates
Using monitoring sensors, collected samples to provide estimates of concentrations and loads of other constituents
• time-series-based estimator to provide on-line (filter) and off-line (smoother) estimates of concentrations
• For: sediment, chloride, and nutrients including ammonia plus organic nitrogen and total phosphorus
• estimates will:• use past and current information from discrete measurements • utilize continuous measurements of surrogate water-quality constituents• be computed using data before and after the time of estimation
Determine Baseline and Sources of Toxic Contaminant Loadings
Automated sampling for viruses
• Two to three basins up stream of the selected NMN sites• monitored for human and animal viruses, wastewater indicators, veterinary antibiotics, protozoa, and bacterial pathogens
Monitor at 8 Nutrient site potential watersheds: Manitowac, Milwaukee, Fox, Clinton, Rougue, Maumee Portage Plus 1 other in Michigan
Monitor for viruses and pathogens using auto virus sampler, monthly and 6 storms
Determine Baseline and Sources of Toxic Contaminant Loadings
Organochlorine pesticides, PCB’s and PBDE’s (30 analytes plus Total PCB’s and 5 PCB Congeners)
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (34 analytes)
Wastewater Indicator Chemicals (44 analytes)
Pharmaceuticals (44 analytes)
Determine Baseline and Sources of Toxic Contaminant Loadings
deployed at all 15 AOC sites in fall of 2010
Sample for:• PAH’s and Total PCB’s• Alkylated PAH’s, • Pharmaceuticals
• Sampling will be upstream of AOC’s and when applicable downstream of AOC’s • determine if upstream is a continuing loading source for the AOC.
•Sediment traps at 15 AOC sites in the Great Lakes •Sediment traps at 15 AOC sites in the Great Lakes
•Sediment traps at 15 AOC sites in the Great Lakes •Sediment traps at 15 AOC sites in the Great Lakes
Sediment traps at 15 AOC (Area of Concern) sites in the Great Lakes
Flood Inundation Mapping
FIMI
http://las.depaul.edu/geography/images/Misc_Images/gis.jpg
USGS Real-time streamgage data
National Weather Service flood forecasts
High-water marks
USGS FIMI Focus Areas Major flood
documentation studies using high-water marks
Static inundation map libraries at gages/flood forecast points
Real-time, dynamic applications for the future
Annual Fish Stock Assessments
Scientists assess results of trawl
Helps determine prey/predator balance
Long-term: >70 yrs of USGS data
Zebra Mussels
One of the most visible invasive species in the Great Lakes
These filter feeders have cleaned up lake water, allowing greater light penetration
Algae in the Great Lakes
Nuisance algae has been increasing
Related to dreissenid mussels – light penetration in water
USGS research on Cladophora and beach closure issues
Beach Health
Beaches are closed when too many pathogens are detected in water
Need to track sources and make earlier and better predictions of closing
USGS beach research on models and methods for better predictions
Wetlands
Wetlands in Great Lakes are critical to restoration and protection
USGS research in many places such as Metzger Marsh on Lake Erie
Important for lake level regulation