Malayalam MA Syllabus - Official website of Calicut University · amb Andhpw Aht_m[hpw \nÀ½n¡-...

$: Malayalam MA Syllabus - Official website of Calicut University · amb Andhpw Aht_m[hpw \nÀ½n¡- pI. 2. Andhnsâ cq]s¸S-p¯enÂ ] ... Syllabus & Scheme of Examination M.A.Malayalam$
tImgn-t¡mSv kÀÆ-I-em-ime

Fw F ae-bmfw t]mKmw (ska-ÌÀ k¼-Zmbw)

(CSS-2010 Admission)

]mTy]-²Xn

University of Calicut

Credit & Semester System 2010 (CUCSS PG) Fw.F ae-bmfw _ncp-Zm-\- -c-_n-cp-Z-t]m-Km-ansâ Dt±iy e£y-§Ä

1. ae-bm-f- m-j-bnepw tIc-f-kw-kv¡m-c- nepw hnZymÀ°n-I-fnÂ ka-K-

amb Andhpw Ah-t_m-[hpw \nÀ½n-¡pI.

2. And-hnsâ cq]-s -Sp- -enÂ ]¦m-fn-I-fm-Im³ DXIpw hn[w Kth-j-

Wm-h-t_m[w krjvSn-¡p-I.

3. hnti-j-]-T-\-§Ä¡v Du¶Â \ÂIpI.

4. Imhy-imkvXw , Iem-ku-µcyimkvXw , Oµ-ÈmkvXw , Ae-¦m-c-

imkvXw XpS-§nb kuµ-cy-imkvXtaJ-e-Isf¡pdn¨v ka-K-amb

[mcW cq]-s¸-Sp- pI.

5. temI-km-ln-Xy-hp-ambn k¼À¡w ]peÀ¯m³ hnZymÀ°n-IÄ¡v

Ah-kcw \ÂIpI.

6. aäp hnÚm\ imJ-I-sf-¡p-dn¨v kmam-\y-[m-c-W-bp-−m-¡p-I.

7. t^mIvtemÀ , kmaq-ly-imkvXw , NcnXw , kwkv¡m-c-]-T\w ,

am[y-a-]-T\w , ]X-]-hÀ¯\w , a\x-imkvXw , X¯z-Nn´

XpS-§nb sshÚm-\nI imJ-IÄ ]cn-N-b-s¸-Sp-hm³ hnZymÀ°n-IÄ¡v

Ah-kcsamcp-¡p-I. AXnsâ ASn-Øm-\- nÂ `mjm-km-ln-Xy-]-T\w

B[p-\n-I-am-\-§-fn-te¡v hnI-kn- n-¡m-\pÅ Ignhv hnZymÀ°n-I-fnÂ

krjvSn-¡p-I.

8. hnhn[ kmln-Xy-]-Øm-\-§-fnepw kn²m- -§-fnepw hnZymÀ°n-I-fnÂ

Ah-Kmlw D−m-¡p-I.

9. `mjm-N-cnXw , `mjm-imkvXw F¶o-ta-J-e-I-fnse \ho-\-Nn- -Ifpw

]h-W-X-Ifpw Adn-bphm³ kml-N-cy-sam-cp-¡p-I.

10. ae-bmfw kÀ¤m-ß-I-ambpw Inbm-ß-I-ambpw ]tbm-Kn-¡m-\pÅ Ignhv

hnZymÀ°n-I-enÂ D−m-¡p-I.

11. CâÀs\äv t]mepÅ \h-am-[y-a-§-fnÂ ae-bm-f- m-j-bpsS ]tbm-Khpw

km[y-Xbpw hnZymÀ°nIsf t_m[y-s¸-Sp- p-I.

12. ae-bm-f- mjm kmln-Xy-]-T-\- n-eqsS ae-bmfn F¶ kwkv¡m-c-t_m-

[hpw A`n-am-\-t_m-[hpw hfÀ¯p-I.

Fw F ae-bmfw t]mKmw (ska-ÌÀ k¼-Zmbw)

* \mep ska-ÌÀ sIm−mWv Cu t]mKmw ]qÀ¯n-bm-Ip-¶Xv.

* Hcp-sk-a-Ì-dnÂ 90 A[y-b\ Znh-k-§Ä D−m-bn-cn-¡pw. BgvN-bnÂ 5 Znhkw

5 aWn-¡qÀ hoX-am-bn-cn¡pw ]hr¯n Znh-k-§Ä.

* c−p-X-c-¯n-epÅ tImgvkp-I-fmWv Cut]mK-man-ep-Å-Xv. 1 tImÀ. 2 Ce-IvSohv .

* FÃm- tIm-gvkp-IÄ¡pw IqSn 72 sIUn-äm-Wp-Å-Xv.

* \memw ska-Ì-dnÂ t]mPIvSv / ]_Ôw ]qÀ¯n-bm¡n kaÀ¸n-¡-Ww.

* aqey-\nÀ®-b- nÂ 75 % Fgp- p-]-co-£bpw 25 % Ctâ-WÂ Ak-kvsaâpw

Bbn-cn¡pw .

* sSÌv t]¸À (Np-cp-§n-bXv 2 F®w ) , skan-\mÀ , Assk³saâv ,lm-PÀ

F¶nh ASn-Øm-\-am-¡n-bmWv Ctâ-WÂ Ak-kvsaâv

* ]co-£¡v 3 Xcw tNmZy-§Ä D−m-bn-cn-¡pw.

1 . eLp JWvUnI (Short Answer ) - 14 tNmZyw . shbvtäPv 1 hoXw

2 . eLp D]-\ymkw (Short Essay ) - 10 Â 7 F®w Fgp-X-Ww.-sh-bvtäPv 2 hoXw.

3 . D]-\ymkw ( Essay ) - 4 Â 2 F®w Fgp-X-Ww.-sh-bvtäPv 4 hoXw

University of Calicut

Credit & Semester System 2010 (CUCSS PG)

Syllabus & Scheme of Examination

M.A.Malayalam Language and Literature

H¶mw ska-ÌÀ

tImgvkv

tImUv t]cv sI-Unäv

1 þtImÀ MAL1C01 ]mNo\ a[y-Im-eo\ kmlnXyw 4 2 þtImÀ MAL1C02 B[p-\nI kmlnXyw þ1 4 3 þtImÀ MAL1C03 tI-c-f-kw-kv¡mcw 4 4 þtImÀ MAL1C04 `mjm-imkvXw 4

c−mw ska-ÌÀ

tImgvkv

tImUv t]cv sI-Unäv

5 þtImÀ MAL2C05 B[p-\nI kmlnXyw þ2 4 6 þtImÀ MAL2C06 kmlnXykn²m- -§Ä 4 7 þtImÀ MAL2C07 am-[y-a-]-T\w 4 8 þtImÀ MAL2C08 t^mIvtemdpw tIc-fo-b-I-e-Ifpw 4

aq¶mw ska-ÌÀ

tImgvkv

tImUv t]cv sI-Unäv

9 þtImÀ MAL3C09 Kth-j-W-¯nsâ coXn-imkvXw 4 10 þCe-IvSohv MAL3E10(a) Fgp -Ñ³

4 MAL3E10(b) Ip©³ \¼ymÀ MAL3E10(c) B«-¡Y 11þCe-IvSohv MAL3E11(a) ae-bmf \mS-I-thZn

4

MAL3E11(b) Imev]-\nI IhnX MAL3E11(c) tZ-iob]Øm-\-¯n-sâ-kzm-[o\w ae-bm-f-km-

ln-Xy-¯nÂ 12 þtImÀ kwkvIrXw 4

\memw ska-ÌÀ

tImgvkv

tImUv t]cv sI-Unäv

13 þtImÀ MAL4C13 hymI-cWw 4 14 þCe-IvSohv MAL4E14(a) hnhÀ¯\w þ]-tbm-Khpw kn²m-´hpw

4 MAL4E14(b) ae-bmf `mjm-N-cnXw MAL4E14(c) Xmc-X-ay-km-lnXyw 15þCe-IvSohv MAL4E15(a) t\mhÂ ,sN-dp-IY

4

MAL4E15(b) B[p-\nI IhnX MAL4E15(c) ae-bmfkmln-Xy-hn-aÀi\w 16 þtImÀ kwkvIrXw 4 17 t]mPIvSv / ]_Ôw 5 18 hmNm-]-co£ 3 t]mKm-ansâ BsI sIUnäv þ 72

Fw.-F.ae-bmfw `mjbpw kmln-Xyhpw c- mw ska-Ã¿

MAL2C05 B[p-\nI kmlnXyw ˛2

sIUn‰v 4 ]co-£m-k-abw 3 aWn-°p¿

Ccp-]Xmw \q‰m- ns‚ DØ-cm¿≤w Bcw- n-®-tXmsS ae-bm-f-km-ln-Xy-Øn¬ Bi-b-Øn-t‚bpw Bhnjv°m-

c-Øn-t‚bpw `mhp-I-Øn-t‚bpw Xe-ßƒ ]cn-h¿Ø-\-hn-t[-b-ambn .Im-ev]-\n-IX ]nt∂bpw

Xßn-\n-s∂-¶nepw AXn-\p-hn-cp-≤-amb ]h-W-X-Ifpw hf¿∂p-h-∂p. Bi-b-]-chpw inev]-c-N-\m-]-c-hp-amb

\ho-\-X-Iƒ kmln-Xy-Øn¬ ]Xy-£-s∏´p . ]pXnb ]co-£-W-ßfpw A]-cn-Nn-X-amb cq]-in-ev]-ßfpw

hn`m-a-I-amb ]ta-b-L-S\-Ifpw ]mc-º-cy- -RvP-I-amb `mjm-ssi-en-Iepw Ah-X-cn-®p. \mtSm-Sn-°-e-Ifpw

NnX-I-e, kn\na XpS-ßn-b-h-bpsS kt¶-X-ßfpw cmjvSob kmaq-lnI ]Xy-b-im-kvX-ßfpw kmln-Xy-

Øn¬ kzm[o\w sNep-Øn. cN-\m-co-Xn-I-fnepw kwth-Z-\-Ønepw `mhp-I-Xz-Ønepw kw -hn® CØcw ]cn-

h¿Ø-\-ßƒ Xncn-®-dn-bm\pw hna¿i-\-_p-≤n-tbmsS ]Tn-°m-\pw DX-Ip∂ coXn-bn¬ kne-_v Iao-I-cn-®n-cn-

°p∂p

hni-Z-]-T-\-Øn-\p≈ IrXn-Iƒ

bqWn‰v H∂v ˛ IhnX

1 IÆo¿∏mSw : sshtem-∏n≈n io[-c-ta-t\m≥

2 s\√p-Ip-Øp-Imcn ]mdp-hns‚ IY : CS-t»cn tKmhn-µ≥ \mb¿

3 ]g-b-]m´v : F≥.-hn. IrjvW-hm-cy¿

4 s]¨Ip™v "90 : kpK-X-Ip-amcn

5 HSn-®p-a-S-°nb BImiw : sI.Pn .i-¶-c-∏n≈

6 amfan√mØ ]mºv : F. Aø-∏≥

7 Irjn-KoX : kn .Fkv .P-b-N-µ≥

bqWn‰v c- v ˛t\m-h¬

1 X´Iw : tImhn-e≥

2 Nmshmen : DØ-a≥

bqWn‰v aq∂v ˛ \mSIw , Xnc-°Y

1 ku]¿ÆnI : \tc-µ-]-kmZv

2 tImkv s_¬‰v : F≥.-F≥. ]n≈

3 s]cp-¥-®≥ : Fw.-Sn.-hm-kp-tZ-h≥\m-b¿

bqWn‰v \mev ˛sN-dp-IY

1 cp‹n-Wn-s°mcp ]mh-°p´n : am[-hn-°p´n

2 Z¬ln 1981 : Fw .ap-Ip-µ≥

3 H‰-hm-Xn¬ : kt¥mjv G®n-°m\w

bqWn‰v A©v ˛\n-cq-]Ww

1 Imhyhpw a\x-im-kvXhpw : Fw.sI .km\p (Im-hy-X-Øz-]-th-in-I)

2 ]pXnb \ncq-]-Whpw ]pXn-b-ho-£-Whpw: Fw.-F≥.-hn-P-b≥ (I-hn-X-bpsS temI-]-Zw)

3 ]cn-Xy-‡-cpsS cmjvSobw : k®n-Zm-\-µ≥ (\m-ep-sI- ns‚ X®p-im-kvXw)

4 ]pXnb sh√p-hn-fn-Iƒ : ]n.sI .cm-P-ti-J-c≥ ( GIm-¥-\-K-c-ßƒ)

klm-bI KŸ-ßƒ

1. ae-bm-f-I-hn-Xm-km-lnXy NcnXw ˛ tUm.Fw eoem-hXn

2. CS-t»-cn-°-hnX ˛ FUn: tUm.-I-h-Sn-bm¿ cma-N-µ≥

3. IhniobpsS Ih-\-Ie ˛ tUm,-sjm¿Æq¿ Im¿Øn-tI-b≥

4. tImhn-es‚ hgn-Iƒ ˛ Fkv.-\-Po_v

5. Ihnbpw Ihn-Xbpw ˛ ]n. \mcm-b-W-°p-dp-∏v.

6. amdp∂ ae-bm-f-t\m-h¬ ˛ sI.-]n.-A-∏≥.

7. ae-bm-f-\m-S-I-km-ln-Xy-N-cnXw ˛ Pn.-i-¶-c-∏n≈

8. B[p-\n-I-X-bpsS a[ym”w ˛ B¿ .\tc-µ-]-kmZv

9. sNdp-I-Ym-km-ln-Xy-N-cnXw ˛ tUm.-Fw.-Fw.-_-jo¿

10. IYbpw Xnc-°-Ybpw ˛ tUm.-B¿.-hn-.Fw.Zn-hm-I-c≥

11. kn\n-a-bpsS temIw ˛ ASq¿ tKm]m-e-IrjvW≥.

12. Ne-®n-X-k-ao£ ˛ hnP-b-Ir-jvW≥.

13. kn\na ˛k-Xyhpw anYybpw ˛ tXm´w cmP-ti-J-c≥

14. \mSIw thtWm \mSIw ˛ F≥.-F≥. ]n≈

15. IY Imew t]mse ˛ F≥ .i-in-[-c≥.

Fw F ae-bmfw `mjbpw kmln-Xyhpw

ska-Ã¿ 2

MAL2C06 kmlnXykn≤m-¥-ßƒ


`mc-Xo-bhpw ]m›m-Xy-hp-amb kmln-Xy-kn-≤m-¥-ßfn¬ ][m-\-s∏- -h-sb-°p-dn®v kmam-\y-[m-c-W-bp-- m-°p-

I-bmWv Cu tImgvkns‚ e£yw

bqWn‰v H∂v

Ihn ,k-lr-Z-b≥ , Imhy-kz-cq-]w, Imhy-tl-Xp, Imhy-]-tbm-P\w F∂nh kw_-‘n®v ]ap-J-cmb

]mNo\me-¶m-cn-I-∑m-cpsS aX-ßƒ . `mal≥ ,D-Zv -S≥ , cpZ-S≥ , F∂n-h-cpsS Ae-¶m-c-kn-≤m-¥w.

B\-µ-h¿≤-\s‚ ho£-W-Øn¬ Ae-¶m-c-ßƒ°p≈ ÿm\w . ˛ KpW-ßfpw coXnbpw `ma-ls‚

ImgvN-∏m-Sn¬ ˛ ZWvUn-bpsS ho£-W-Øn¬ ˛hm-a-\s‚ coXn kn≤m¥w ,co-Xn-bpsS A]-Nbw aΩ-Ss‚

Imhy-]-Im-i-Øn¬.

bqWn‰v c- v

ckkn≤m¥w ˛ -c-Xs‚ k¶-ev]w˛ `ma-l≥, hma-\-≥ XpS-ßnb ]mNo\me-¶m-cn-I-∑m-cpsS ho£WØn¬

ck-Øn\v Imhy-Øn-ep≈ ÿm\w˛ [z\n-Zr-jvSn-bn¬ ck-Øn-\p≈ ]m[m\yw ˛c-k-kqXw ˛hn-hn[ hymJym-

\-ßƒ ˛[z\nkn≤m¥w, i_vZ-hym-]mcßƒ ˛ [z\n-bpsS e£Ww ,hn- m-K-ßƒ ˛ KpWo- q-X-hyw-Kyw˛ NnX-

Imhyw ˛ aln-a- - s‚ A\p-am-\-kn-≤m¥w ,Ip-¥-I-s‚ htIm‡n kn≤m¥w , t£ta-µs‚ HuNnXy

kn≤m¥w F∂n-h-bpsS kmam\y ]cn-Nbw

bqWn‰v aq∂v

( F) `mjm- q-j-W-Ønse Ae-¶m-c-]-I-cWw ˛ Ae-¶m-c-ß-fpsS e£-Ww, DZm-l-cWw ,Xm-c-Xayw

(_n) hrØ-imkvXw ˛Xm-f-inev]w AYhm hrØw Imhy- m-j-bpsS A¿∞-]-P-\-\-ti-jn°v klm-b-I-am-

hp-∂-sX-ßs\ F∂p a\-n-em-°Ww .hrØw Hcp Ae-¶m-c-am-sW∂ aln-a- - -a-X-Øns‚ HuNnXyw ]cn-Nn-

¥n-°pI

hrØ-a-RvP-cnsb ASn-ÿm-\-am°n Xmsg-∏-d-bp∂ hrØ-ßƒ ]Tn-°Ww

kwkvIr-X-hr-Ø-ßƒ ˛ A\p-jvSp∏v ,h-‡w, Bcy,-Ko-Xn, Cµ-hP ,D-t]-µ-hP ,D-]-Pm-Xn, ctYm-≤-X,

imen\n , hwiÿw, Cµ-hwi ,tXm-SIw ,`p-Pw-K-]-bmXw , aRvPp- m-jnWn ,h-k-¥-Xn-eIw ,C-µp-h-Z\ ,

am-en\n , ]©-Nm-acw , aµm-Im¥ , Ipkp-a-a-RvPcn ,hn-tbm-Kn\n , hk-¥-am-enI , ]pjv]n-XmK , im¿±q-e-

hn-Io-UnXw , kKv≤c

`mjm-hr-Ø-ßƒ ˛ ImIfn ,a-RvPcn , ZpX-Im-Ifn , If-Im©n ,a-Wn-Im©n ,tI-I, \tXm-∂X ˛

\mtSmSn hrØ- -Xm-f- -hm-bvØm-cn-I-fpsS kmam\y ]cn-Nbw

B[p-\nIae-bm-f-I-hn-X-I-fnse hrØhpw Xmf-hpw.

bqWn‰v \mev

]m›mXy kmlnXy kn≤m-¥-ßƒ ˛b-h-\-km-ln-Xy-Z¿i-\w˛ πmt‰m-bpsS A\p-I-c-W-kn-≤m¥w ,

AcntÃm´nens‚ Zpc-¥-\m-S-I-Z¿i\w ,Im-ev]-\nI Imhy-kn-≤m¥w ˛ thUvkvh¿Øv ,tIm-fvdn-UvPv˛

`mh-\bpw Iev]-\bpw tSmƒtÃm-bn, tImt® ,Sn. Fkv .F-en-b‰v ,sF.F.dn®m¿Uv F∂n-h-cpsS kmln-Xy-

kn-≤m-¥-ßƒ

B[p-\n-Im-\-¥c kmln-Xy-k-ao-]-\-ßƒ˛ LS-\m-hmZw ,Nn-”-imkvXw ,A-]-\n¿Ωm-Ww,-kvXo-]-£-k-ao-]\w

bqWn‰v A©v

tZio-ku-µ-cy-imkvXw (Ethno aesthetics )

1. BZn-hmkn kuµ-cy-imkvXw ˛B-Zn-hm-kn-∏m- p-Iƒ ˛B-Zn-hmkn IYm-Jym-\-ßƒ- -B-Zn-hmkn \rØ-ßƒ,

]Xo-I-ßfpw kuµ-cy-k-¶-ev]-ßfpw ˛ hwio-b-kw-Ko-Xw- -tKm-X-h¿§-tem-I-ho-£-W-ßƒ

2. \mtSmSn kuµ-cy-imkvXw ˛\m-tSm-Sn-∏m- p-I-fpsS kuµcyw ˛N-a-b-ß-fpsS Ie, If-sa-gp-Øns‚

kuµ-cy-imkvXw˛ \mtSmSn \rØ-ßƒ ˛A-\p-jvTm-\-cw-K-I-e-Iƒ , ssIth-e-bpsS kuµ-cy-k-¶-ev]-ßƒ,

\mtSm-Sn-km-ln-Xy-Øns‚ kuµ-cy-imkvXw.

3. Xangv Imhy-imkvXw ˛kw-L-Imekm-ln-Xy-Øns‚ kuµ-cy-k-¶-ev]-ßƒ ˛ s]mcp-f-Xn-Imcw ˛sF-¥n-W-

bpsS Imhy-imkvXw ˛ D≈p-cbpw kmln-Xy-\n-cq-]-Whpw ˛]-cnÿnXn emh-Wy-imkvXw

klm-bI KŸ-ßƒ

1. `mc-Xo-b-km-ln-Xy-Z¿i\w ˛ tUm. NmØ-\mØv ANy-X-\p-Æn.

2. coXn-Z¿i\w ˛ tUm. NmØ-\mØv ANy-X-\p-Æn

3. `mc-Xo-b-Im-hy-imkvXw ˛ tUm.-Sn. `mkv°-c≥.

4. `mc-Xo-b-Im-hy-imkvXkmcw ˛th-Z-_-‘p.

5. Imhy-Nn¥ ˛ tUm. NmØ-\mØv ANy-X-\p-Æn

6. kmln-Xy-ao-amwk ˛Xm-c-X-ay-]-cn-t]£yw ˛ tUm. NmØ-\mØv ANy-X-\p-Æn

7. kmln-Xy- q-jWw ˛Ip- n-°r-jvW-am-cm¿

8. bh-\-Im-hy-X-Øz-ßƒ ˛ th-Z-_-‘p.

9. ]m›m-Xy-km-ln-Xy-Z¿i\w ˛Fw ANyp-X≥

10. ]m›m-Xy-km-ln-XyXØz-imkvXw ˛sI.-Fw.-X-c-I≥

11. Imhy ao-amwk ]uc-kvXyhpw ]m›m-Xyhpw ˛F≥. B¿. tKm]n-\m-Y-∏n-≈.

12. B[p-\n-I-a-e-bm-f-I-hn-X-bnse kvXo]-£-k-ao-]-\-ßƒ ˛ tUm.]n KoX

13. C¥y≥ kmln-Xy-kn≤m¥w ]k-‡nbpw km≤y-Xbpw ˛tUm.sI .A-ø-∏-∏-Wn-°¿

14. Imth‰w ,\m-S≥I-em-]-T-\-ßƒ ˛tUm. kn. B¿. cmP-tKm-]m-e≥ (\m- -dn-hp-]-T-\-tI-µw,-Xriq¿)

15. ssZhØmbv ˛ hnP-b-Ip-am¿ tat\m≥

16. tKmX-I-em-h-Sn-hp-Iƒ ˛ ˛tUm. kn. B¿. cmP-tKm-]m-e≥ (\m- -dn-hp-]-T-\-tI-µw,-Xriq¿)

17. Iebpw hnZybpw ImgvN-∏m-Sn-eqsS ˛ hn .Fw .Ip- n-°r-jvW-ta-t\m≥.

18. kmln-Xy-temIw .\m- p-ku-µ-cy-hgn F∂ ]tXyI ]Xn∏v 2004 P\p-h-cn- -s^-_p-hcn .

19. An introduction to Indian Poetics – ( Ed. V.Raghavan & Narendran.

20. History of Sanskrit Poetics – S.K.De

21. Theory of Literature – Rene Wellek & Austin Worren

22. A History of Modern Criticism - Rene Wellek

23. 20th Century Literary Criticism –Major Statements- Ed. Hardy & West

24. Modern Criticism & Theory –David Lodge

25. The Beginning Theory – Peter Barry.


ska-Ã¿ 2

MAL2C07 am-[y-a-]-T\w


bqWn‰v 1

Bi-b-hn-\n-a-b-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-X-Øz-ßƒ ˛ hnhn[ Bi-b-hn-\n-ab amXr-I-Iƒ˛

Ah-bpsS kº-Zm-b-hpw kz`m-hhpw ˛_-lp-P\am[yaw ˛\n¿∆-N\w s]mXp-P-\-ßp-fp-am-

bp≈ _‘w ˛am-[y-a-[¿Ωw ˛ am[y-a-hn-`m-K-ßƒ ˛ am[yahna¿i\w Db¿Øp∂

km[y-X-Iƒ

bqWn‰v 2 ]X-am-[yaw

]X-am-[yaw ˛N-cnXw ˛a-e-bm-f-]-X-]-h¿Ø-\-N-cnXw ˛ BZy-Im-e-]-X-ß-fpsS

s]mXp-kz-`mhw ˛hm¿Øm-]-Xn-I-I-fn¬ \n∂v amkn-I-I-fn-te°pw k¿§m-flI kmln-

Xy-Øn-te-°p-ap≈ hf¿®˛ ]X-`m-j, -]-X-]-h¿Ø-\-w˛ dnt∏m¿´nwKv

FUn-‰nwKv ,A-®-Sn˛ ]X-ÿm-]-\-Øns‚ cq]-L-S\ ˛ B[p-\n-Io-I-cWw -]-X-]-

h¿Ø-\-taJ-e-bn¬˛ sk≥tk-j-W¬ -]-X-]-h¿Ø-\-w(yellow journalism) ˛

]c-ky-ß-fpsS kzm[o\w ˛s]m-^-j-W-en-khpw hmWn-Py-h-ev°-c-Whpw ˛]-X-[¿Ω-

Øn¬\n-∂p≈ hyXn-N-e\w ˛km-t¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy-bpsS ]tbm-K-ßƒ ˛t^m-t´m-tP¿W-

enkw

bqWn‰v 3 Ce-IvtSm-WnIv am[y-a-ßƒ

tdUntbm ˛im-hy-am-[y-a-Øns‚ km[y-X-Ifpw ]cn-an-XnIfpw ˛tdUntbm kwt]-£-

W-Øns‚ NcnXw ˛hn-⁄m-\-˛-hn-t\m-Z-ta-J-eI-fn-te°p≈Nph-Sp-shbv∏v ˛ td-

Untbm am[yaw _lp-P-\-ß-fn¬ D- m-°nb kzm[o\w

sSen-hnj≥˛ Zriy-am-[ya kmt¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy-bpsS hn]vfhw ˛sS-en-hn-j≥ kwt]-£-W-

Øns‚ NcnXw X’-ab kwt]-£Ww ˛ kocn-b-ep-Iƒ ,hn-⁄m-\-]-cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ,

]c-ky-ßƒ, Sn.-hn.-tP¿W-enkw ˛ ÃpUntbm k÷o-I-c-W-ßƒ˛ hoUn-tbm-Km-^n-˛-F-

Un-‰nwKv , kwt]-£Ww

bqWn‰v 4 ssk_¿hy-h-lmcw

Bi-b-hn-\n-abcwKØv Iºyq-´¿ hn]vfhw ˛ hnh-c-km-t¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy˛ kwhm-Zm-fl-I-hn-

\n-a-bhpw C‚¿s\‰pw ˛C-e-IvtSm-WnIv sse_-dn-Iƒ (sh-_vssk‰v ) hn⁄m\w

,hn-hcw .hn-t\mZw ˛ C sabn¬,C hmWnPyw , C ]_vfn-jnwKv ˛ _vtfmKp-Ifpw Bhn-

jv°m-c-km-[y-X-Ifpw ˛ tkmjy¬ s\‰v h¿°v ( Hm¿°q-´v, Szn‰¿, t^kv_p°v XpS-

ßn-bh )N¿®m-th-Zn-Iƒ ˛ ]mtZ-inI `mj-I-fpsS km∂n[yw C‚¿s\-‰n¬ ˛ kzX-

¥-tkm-^v‰v shb-dp-Ifpw IpØI tkm-^v‰v shb-dp-Ifpw

bqWn‰v 5 Ne-®n-X-am-[yaw

kn\n-a-bpsS NcnXw ˛ ae-bm-f-kn-\n-a-bpsS hf¿®˛ \h-kn-\na ˛ k-am¥ckn-

\na˛ tUmIyp-sa‚dn ˛km-ln-Xy-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ ]e-Xcw A\p-h¿Ø-\-ßƒ ˛tem-I-kn-

\n-a-bpsS kzm[o\w ˛ t\mh¬, IY, IhnX F∂n-h-bn¬\n∂v cq]w sIm- kn\n-a-

Iƒ.kn\n-a-bpsS `mj ˛Xn-c-°-Ym-c-N\ ˛kn-\n-a°v kaq-l-Øn-ep≈ kzm[o\w ˛kn-\n-

am-]-T-\-ß-fpsS ]k‡n.

hni-Z-]-T-\-Øn-\p≈ ]pkvX-I-ßƒ

1 ˛ ae-bmf ]X-]-h¿Ø-\-N-cnXw ˛ ]pXp-∏≈n cmL-h≥

2 ˛ A temIw apX¬ C temIw hsc ˛ hnf-\new

3 ˛ C≥^¿ta-j≥ sSIvt\m-fPn ˛ tUm.A-NypXv i¶¿

klm-bI KŸ-ßƒ

1 . am[y-a-ßfpw ae-bm-f-km-ln-Xyhpw ˛Fw .hn. tXmakv

2 . hm¿Ø (3hmeyw) ˛tPmbn Xncp-aq-e-]pcw

3 . ssk_¿a-e-bmfw ˛ FUn ,Sn.hn kp\o-X.

4 . ]X-`mj ˛ ]kv A°m-Zan

5 . ]X-ßƒ hnNn-X-ßƒ˛ sI .]n. hnP-b≥

6 . sSen-hn-j≥ tP¿W-enkw ˛ hn. cmP-tKm-]m¬

7 . ae-bm-f-kn-\n-abpw kmln-Xyhpw ˛ a[p Cd-h-¶c

8 . kn\n-a-bpsS hgn-bn¬ ˛ sF.-j¨ap-J-Zmkv

9 . Ne-®nX kao£ ˛ hnP-b-Ir-jvW≥

10. Iw]vfo‰v Iºyq-´¿ _p°v ˛ h¿°n ]´n-a‰w

11 . Mass Communication in India – Keval J.Kumar

12 . Internet for Everyone – Alexis Leon,Mathews Leon

13 . Internet – David Gosselin

14 .The Subject of Cinema – Gaston Roberge

15. The Television Handbook – Patricia Holland

16 . The Oxford Guide to Film Studies - Ed. John Hills , Pameela Church Gibson


ska-Ã¿ 2

MAL2C08 t^mIvtemdpw tIc-fo-b-I-e-Ifpw


bqWn‰v 1 t^mIvtem¿ ]T-\-Øns‚ ]k‡n

t^mIvtem¿˛ hyXykvX \n¿∆-N-\-ßƒ ˛\-c-hw-iimkvX]c-amb \n¿∆-N-\-ßƒ ˛A-

e≥U≥Un-kv,Um≥s_≥ Btamkv , dn®m¿Uv t_ma≥ XpS-ßn-b-h-cpsS \n¿∆-N-\-ßƒ˛ hn`m-K-

ßƒ ˛h¿§o-I-cWw ˛C-X-c-hn-j-b-ß-fp-am-bp≈ _‘w ˛km-ln-Xyw, \c-hw-i-im-kvXw, `mjm-

imkvXw , kmaq-ly-imkvXw , a\x-imkvXw . ˛ t^mIvtem¿ ]T-\-Øns‚ e£yhpw ]k‡nbpw

˛ Iq´m-bvasb Xncn-®-dn-bp-I. t^mIvtem¿ F∂-B-i-b-hn-\n-a-tbm-]m-[nsb hni-I-e-\-hn-t[-b-am-°p-

I.-Iq- m-bva-bpsS

kzXz-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ At\z-jWw ˛B-tKm-f-h-ev°-c-W-Øn-s‚bpw \h-sIm-tfm-Wn-b-en-k-Øn-

s‚bpw Np‰p-]m-Sn¬ Cu At\z-j-W-Øn-\p≈ ]k-‡n.

bqWn‰v 2 t^mIvtem¿ kn≤m-¥-ßƒ

BZy-Imet^mIvtem¿ kn≤m-¥-ßƒ˛ D¤hkn≤m-¥-ßƒ˛ amIvkvap-≈¿ , B≥Up-emMv ,

ss^-k¿,Kow Ch-cpsS kn≤m-¥-ßƒ˛Imte-hme t^mIvtem¿ kn≤m-¥-ßƒ˛t^mIvtemdnkw˛

]bp‡ t^mIvtem¿˛ t^mIvtemdn\p-h-cp∂ am‰-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ ]T\w ˛\m-K-cnI t^mIvtem¿˛

\h t^mIvtem¿.

bqWn‰v 3 hmsam-gn-h-g-°-ß-fpsS khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ

hmsamgn ]mc-ºcyw ˛N-cnXw ˛kz-`mhw ˛tI-c-f-Ønse hmsamgn hg-°-ßƒ˛

]pcm-hrØw ,sFXnlyw ,\m-tSmSn ^enXw , A\p- -h-I-Y-Iƒ ,I-S-¶Y ,]-g-s©m√v,

\mS≥ ]m´p-Iƒ ,I-Ym-Km-\-ß¬ , A\p-jvTm\w ,BNmcw ,\mS≥ Ifn-Iƒ ,\m-tSmSn BtLm-j-ßƒ,

kmwkv°m-cn-tIm-]m-Zm-\-ßƒ, D]-I-c-W-ßƒ , \m-tSmSn aXw , a¥-hmZw , hnizm-k-ßƒ XpS-ßn-

bh

bqWn‰v 4 tIc-f-Ønse ]I-S-\-I-em-]m-c-ºcyw

tIc-fob Ie-Iƒ ˛]-I-S-\-kz- mhw ˛km-am-\ymhtemI\w ˛ tKmX-h¿§ Ie , \mS≥ Ie,

¢mknIv Ie ,P\-Io-b-Ie Ch-bpsS khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ ˛ A`n-\b Ie-Iƒ˛ A`ymk Ie-Iƒ ˛cwK

Ie-Iƒ˛h¿§o-I-cWw˛ hni-I-e\w ˛ A\p-jvTm\cwK Ie-Iƒ˛sXøw, Xnd, apSn-tb‰v , ]S-b-Wn,

Imfn-bq- v,`mc-X-°fn , apX-em-bh ˛ A\p-jvTmt\Xc \mS-I-ßƒ ˛Nm-en-b-s∏m-dm´v ,ko-X-Ifn ,ko-X-

°-fn, s]mdm´v \mSIw tXm¬∏m-h-°qØv ,Im-°-c»n \mSIw , Nhn- p-\m-SIw apX-em-bh ˛ B -cq-]-

ßƒ˛apSn-bm´w , tNmSp-I-fn, \mtSm-Sn-\rØw , BZn-hmkn \rØ-ßƒ ,a-∂m≥IqØv , KmaoW

\rØ-ßƒ

bqWn‰v 5 tIc-fob ¢mknIv Ie-Ifpw P\-Iob Iem-cq-]-ßfpw.

IqØv , IqSn-bm´w , IrjvW-\m´w , cma-\m´w , IY-Ifn , Xp≈¬ , ]mTIw XpS-ßn-bh .

Npa¿®nXIe , hmkvXp-inev]w , tkm]m-\-kw-KoXw , IY-Ifn kwKoXw , tamln-\n-bm´w ,

ssI-sIm- n-°fn , tIm¬°fn , kwKoX \mSIw , am∏n-f-∏m´v , IWym¿I-fn, ]cn-N-ap- p-Ifn XpS-ßn-

bh ˛ taf-I-e-Iƒ ˛]-©mcn tafw , ]©-hmZyw

klm-bI KŸ-ßƒ

1. t^mIvtem¿˛ cmL-h≥ ]ø-\mSv

2. t^mIvtem¿˛k¶-ev]-ßfpw kt¶-X-ßfpw ˛ cmL-h≥ ]ø-\mSv.

3. t^mIvtemdn\v Hcp ]T-\-]-≤Xn ˛cmL-h≥ ]ø-\mSv.

4. tIcf t^mIvtem¿ ˛ cmL-h≥ ]ø-\mSv.

5. sXøhpw tXm‰w ]m´pw ˛ cmL-h≥ ]ø-\mSv.

6. t^mIvtemdpw ae-bm-f-\m-S-Ihpw ˛ tUm.F¬. tXmakv Ip´n

7. t^mIvtem¿, P\pv , kn≤m¥w , cmjvSobw ˛ tUm.-sI. Fw. A\n¬.

8. t^mIvtem¿ \nL- p ˛ tUm. Fw .hn. hnjvWp-\-ºq-Xn-cn.

9. \mtSmSn hn⁄m-]-\-Øn\v Hcp apJ-hpc ˛ tUm. Fw .hn. hnjvWp-\-ºq-Xn-cn.

10. \mtSmSn hn⁄m-\obw ˛ tUm. Fw .hn. hnjvWp-\-ºq-Xn-cn.

11. am¥n-I-hn-Zybpw a¥-hm-Z-∏m- p-Ifpw ˛ tUm. Fw .hn. hnjvWp-\-ºq-Xn-cn.

12. tIc-f-Ønse \mS≥ Ie-Iƒ ˛ tUm. F.sI \ºym¿.

13. \mtSmSn Zriy-I-em-kq-NnI ˛ tIc-f-kw-Ko-X-\m-SI A°m-Z-an.

14. \h-\m- -c-ßn\v Hcm- -]-Imcw ˛ tUm.F¬. tXmakv Ip´n.

15. B´-°-Ym-km-lnXyw ˛ s]m^. Abva\w IrjvW-ss°-aƒ.

16. IY-Ifn hn⁄m-\-tImiw ˛ s]m^. Abva\w IrjvW-ss°-aƒ.

17. am∏nf t^mIvtem¿ ˛ s]m^. _n.ap-l-ΩZv Al-ΩZv .

18. ]I-S-\-Km-\-ß-fpsS BJym-\-ku-µ-cy-imkvXw ˛ tUm.F≥.A\n¬ Ipam¿

19. ae-bm-f-apZ ˛ hn. Iem-[-c≥.

20. tIc-fo-b-X-bpsS \m´-dnhv ˛ Un.-kn. _pIvkv

21. s]mdm´p \mS-Ihpw a‰pw ˛ Pn .`m¿§-h≥ ]n≈ .

22. apSn-tb‰v ˛ NpΩm¿ Nq- ¬

23. IdpØ Ie-Iƒ ˛ NpΩm¿ Nq- ¬.

24. tIcfkwKoXw ˛ tIcf `mjm-C≥Ãn-‰yq´v .

25. tIc-f-Ønse \mtSmSn \mS-Ißƒ. ˛tUm. Fkv. sI . \mb¿.

26. Interpriting Folklore – Alan Dundus.

27. Folklore and Folklife – Richard M Dorson

28. Folklore around the world – (Pub ) Newyork Kennikal Press

29. FolkPlays And Dances of kerala . M.D. Raghavan

30. Current Trends in Folklore – Jawaharlal Handoo.

UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT

(Abstract) M.A - Malayalam under CUCSS (Calicut University Credit Semester System) Ist SemesterSyllabus - Implemented with effect from 2010 admission onwards in affiliated colleges –Orders Issued. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

GENERAL AND ACADEMIC BRANCH IV – ‘B’ SECTION No.GA IV/B2/1532/09 Dated, Calict University P.O. 17-09-2010. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Read:- 1. U.O. GA IV/JI/1373/08 dated, 23/07/2010 2. Minutes of the meeting of the Board of Studies in Malayalam (PG) held on 04/06/2010 (Item No.I)

O R D E R Credit Semester System & grading has been introduced for P.G curriculum inaffiliated colleges in the University with effect from 2010 admission onwards and theregulation for the same implemented vide paper read as 1st above.

The meeting of the Board of Studies in Malayalam (P.G.) at its meeting held on04/06/2010 considered the Ist semester syllabus of M.A. Malayalam Course under CreditSemester System (Calicut University Credit Semester System) & resolved to approve thesame vide paper read 2nd above (vide item No.1 of the minutes.)

Considering the urgency for implementing the Ist semester syllabus of M.A

Malayalam Course under Credit Semester System (Calicut University Credit SemesterSystem), the Vice Chancellor exercising the powers of Academic Council has approvedItem No. 1 of the minutes of the meeting of the Board of Studies in Malayalam (PG) heldon 04.06.2010 subject to ratification by Academic Council.

Sanction has therefore been accorded for implementing the 1st semester syllabus ofM.A Malayalam CUCSS (Calicut University Credit Semester System) in the affiliatedcolleges of the University with effect from 2010 admission onwards subject to ratificationby the Academic Council. Orders are issued accordingly. The syllabus is appended herewith. Sd/-

DEPUTY REGISTRAR (G&A IV) For REGISTRAR. To The Principals of all Affiliated Colleges offering MA Malayalam. Copy to: CE /Ex Sn/EG Sn/DR/AR Tabulation P.G section/System Administrator with a request to upload in the University Website/GA I ‘F’ Sn/Library/SF/DF/FC Forwarded By Order SECTION OFFICER

]pdw ˛ 1


M.A Malayalam Language and Literature SEMESTERY SYSTEM and Annual System

(2010 Admission onwards CUCSS) Scheme of Examination, Syllabus & Textbooks

1. There will be four semesters in the two-year P.G course with 2 semesters in each year. Each semester will have 90 instructional days with 5 hours in each day under 5 days week system. Thus the number of hours in a semester will be 450. 2. Semester end examinations will be held outside the 90 regular instructional days. 3. There will be four papers in each semester. In addition to this there will be a project/dissertation

during the entire course and comprehensive viva-voce at the end of the last semester. Duration of the examination (written papers) will be three hours (for each paper).

4. Scheme of evaluation will be as follows: The entire course (4 semesters) will have a maximum of 1750 marks, the distribution of which is as follows:

a. Semester papers (16 Nos) = 1600(100 x 16) (80 marks for external evaluation and 20 marks for internal assessment for each paper)

b. Project/ Dissertation = 100 c. Viva-voce = 50

Total =1750

5. Scheme of external evaluation of the theory papers, continuous internal Evaluation, evaluation of the Project/Dissertation and the conduct of the final comprehensive viva-voce will be as per the general guidelines and regulations Framed by the University of Calicut, with a minor modification suggested by the Board of Studies as follows: The final comprehensive viva-voce will be conducted by a team of external and Internal examiners.

6. Pass minimum for each paper will be 40% with a separate minimum of 40% for external evaluation. There will be no separate minimum and no provision for improvement for internal evaluation.

7. With regard to the pass-requirement, classification of result, ranking, promotion to higher semester and supplementary examination for failed candidates, the general guidelines and regulation of the University will be applicable (No. GAI/F2/6847/2001 dt 11th October 2002).

Code for CSS, Maximum Marks:

I Semester MAL I C 01 ]mNo\ a[yImeo\ kmlnXyw 100

,, C 02 B[p\nI kmlnXyw 1 100

,, C 03 B[p\nI kmlnXyw 2 100

,, C 04 tIcf]T\w 100

SYLLABUS AND SCHEME OF EXAMINATION (1) First Year: Semester Paper I - Ancient and Medieval Literature ]mNo\ a[yImeo\ kmlnXyw (5) Paper II - Modern Literature – 1 B[p\nIkmlnXyw Paper III - Kerala Culture tIcfkwkvImcw

Paper IV - Linguistics `mjmimkvXw

tNmZyamXrI.

5. H‰ hmIyØn¬ DØcsagpXpI. DØcw ImcnItbm ]Zytam kqXhmIytam

\n¿hN\tam BsW¶n¬ AsXgpXmw. kwkvIrXØntem CwKvfojntem

D≈hbpsS kmcw aebmfØn¬ FgpXnbmepw aXn.

25 FÆw. Hmtcm∂n\pw 2 am¿°v (25 x 2 = 50) Ipdn∏v BsI tNmZyßƒ 125

BsI am¿°v 150

[ Pass minimum for each paper will be 40% paper XVII is substitute for the dissertation (100 marks) and Viva – voce (50 marks) of the M.A.Malayalam, Semester Scheme. Hence there will be no separate minimum for paper XVII) Total marks for M.A Previous Examination Total marks for M.A Final Examination Total marks for the M.A Degree Examinations M.A. Previous 800 + M.A Final 950 Note: With regard to the pass minimum for each paper, pass requirement of the course, classification of results and ranking the existing guidelines and regulations of the University of Calicut will be applicable. (No. GAI/F2/6847/2001 dt 11th October 2002). Candidates those who fail in one paper for M.A. Malayalam degree course be permitted to re-appear for the failed paper only. They need not have to appear for all papers of that semester/year.

Note: With regard to the pass minimum for each paper, pass requirement of the course, classification of results and ranking the existing guidelines and regulations of the University of Calicut

(2) First Year: Second Semester, One optional subject from each of the four papers (Papers V to VIII) Paper V – Any one of the following

(A) pattu and Manipravala ]m´pw aWn]hmfhpw

(B) Ezhuthachan

FgpØ—≥

(C) Kunchan Nambiar

Ip©≥ \ºym¿

(D) Attakkatha

B´°Y

Paper VI – Any one of the following: (A) Romantic poetry

Imev]\nI IhnX

(B) Historical novel NcnXmJymbnI

(C) Influence of nationalism in malayalm Literature.

tZiob]ÿm\Øns‚ kzm[o\w aebmfkmlnXyØn¬

(D) Short story

sNdpIY

Paper VII– Any one of the following:

(A) Kerala culture before the Kollam Era tIcf kwkvImcw sIm√h¿jmcw`Øn\p ap≥]v

(B) Scientific and Technical Tradition of Kerala

tIcfØns‚ ssh⁄m\nI ]mcºcyw

(C) Folklore and Arts of Kerala t^mIvtemdpw tIcfobIeIfpw (D) Modernnisation of Kerala

tIcfØns‚ B[p\nIhXvIcWw

Paper VIII– Any one of the following: (A) Linguistics and Literary Studies

`mjmimkvXhpw kmlnXyhnNmchpw

(B) Lexicology \nL- phn⁄m\w

(C) Translation – Theory and Practice hnh¿Ø\w ˛ kn≤m¥hpw ]tbmKhpw (D) Comparative Dravidian

ZmhnU`mjmXmcXayw

3. Second Year: Third Semester

Paper IX - Modern Literature – 2 B[p\nI kmlnXyw ˛ 2

Paper X - Grammer

hymIcWw

Paper XI - Literary Theories kmlnXykn≤m¥ßƒ

Paper XII - Subsidiary subject – Sanskrit

A\p_‘hnjbw ˛ kwkvIrXw

4. Second Year : Fourth Semester Paper XIII – Any one of the following:

(A) Literary Criticism in Malayalam aebmf kmlnXy hna¿i\w

(B) Modern Poetry

B[p\nIIhnX

tNmZyamXrI.

H‰ hmIyØn¬ DØcsagpXpI. DØcw ImcnItbm ]Zytam kqXhmIytam

\n¿hN\tam BsW¶n¬ AsXgpXmw. kwkvIrXØntem CwKvfojntem

D≈hbpsS kmcw aebmfØn¬ FgpXnbmepw aXn.

25 FÆw. Hmtcm∂n\pw 2 am¿°v (25 x 2 = 50) Ipdn∏v BsI tNmZyßƒ 125

BsI am¿°v 150

[ Pass minimum for each paper will be 40% paper XVII is substitute for the dissertation (100 marks) and Viva – voce (50 marks) of the M.A.Malayalam, Semester Scheme. Hence there will be no separate minimum for paper XVII) Total marks for M.A Previous Examination Total marks for M.A Final Examination Total marks for the M.A Degree Examinations M.A.Previous 800 + M.A Final 950 Note: With regard to the pass minimum for each paper, pass requirement of the course, classification of results and ranking the existing guidelines and regulations of the University of Calicut will be applicable. (No. GAI/F2/6847/2001 dt 11th October 2002). Candidates those who fail in one paper for M.A.Malayalam degree course be permitted to re-appear for the failed paper only. They need not have to appear for all papers of that semester/year.

]mTy `mKßƒ

1. `mjmcmambWw Nºp ˛ koXmkzbwhcw

2. \fNcnXw ˛ aq∂mw Znhkw

bq\n‰v A©v . ]No\`mjmKZyw

aebmfKZyØns‚bpw KZykmloXyØs‚bpw DZv`hhnImk]cnWmaßƒ a\ nem°pI

F∂XmWv Cu bq\n‰v sIm- pt±in°p∂Xv. imk\`mj, IuSeob`mj, IqSnbm´KZyw,

]pcmWIYmJym\ßƒ, hymJym\ßƒ, anj\dnaebmf KZyw F∂nßs\bp≈ KZyØns‚

hnh[amXrIIƒ hnZym¿∞nIƒ]cnNbs∏´ncn°Ww. PqXimk\w, `mjmIuSeobØnse

koXv≤y£]IcWw, AwKpeobm¶w ]pd∏mSv B´]Imcw, ambmkoXm¶w IaZo]nI, \ºym¿

Xangv, ZqXhmIyw \mSIKZyØnse ]kvXmh\, _“mWvU]pcmWw KZyw tImkecmPbp≤

k∂ml]cy¥w, Aw_cotjm]mJym\w KZyw F∂o ]mNo\`mjmKZyamXrIIfpsSbpw h¿Øam\

∏pkvXIØns‚bpw (BZysØ c- p]Zw) `mjmkmlnXykz`mhw hnZym¿∞nIƒ

Adn™ncn°Ww.

hniZ]T\w Dt±in°p∂n√ F∂Xn\m¬ KZy`mKßƒ hymJym\n°m≥ tNmZyw D- mhcpXv.

1. ]mNo\`mjmKZyamXrIIƒ,kwtim[nXkwkvIcWw. tU. ]pcp˛

tjmØa≥\mb¿ (Imen°‰v bp\n. sk≥S¬ tIm˛Hm∏td‰ohv˛tÃmgvkv)

2. h¿Øam\∏pkvXIw. BZysØ c- p]Zw ˛

klmbIKŸßƒ

1. tIcfkmlnXyNcnXw, hmfyw 1,2,3 ˛ D≈q¿ Fkv ]ctaizcø¿

2. IÆ»∑mcpw FgpØ—\pw ˛ sI.C.\mcmbW]n≈

3. tImIktμiw(hymJym\w)˛NmØ\mØv ANyX\pÆn, Fw.B¿ cmLhhmcnb¿

4. ssIcfnbpsS IY ˛ F≥.IrjvW]n≈

5. hS°≥]m´pIfpsS ]Wnbme ˛ Fw.B¿ cmLhhmcnb¿

6. \ncWw]m´pIƒ ˛ tZiawKew cmaIrjvW≥

7. aebmfIhnXmkmlnXyNcnXw ˛ Fw.eoemhXn

8. Ip©≥ \ºym¿ ˛ hm°pw kaqlhpw ˛ sI.F≥.KtWiv

9. ]ZycXv\w ˛ Dt]mXvLmXw ˛ tUm.]n.sI.\mcmbW]n≈

10. eoemXneIw ˛ H∂mw inev]w

11. IÆicmambWw, bp≤ImWvUw (Dt]mZvLmXw) ˛ ]pXpt»cn cmaNμ≥

12. `mjmNºp°ƒ ˛ D≈q¿ Fkv.]ctaizcø¿

13. IYIfnhn⁄m\tImiw ˛ Abva\w Irjvass°aƒ

14. B´°Y ˛ Abva\w Irjvass°aƒ

15. tIcf`mjbpsS hnImk]cnWmaßƒ ˛ CfwIpfw Ip™≥]n≈

16. a[yImeaebmfw ˛ ]n.]n.thembp[≥]n≈

17. aebmf`mjm]cnWmaw ˛ kn≤m¥ßfpw hkvXpXIfpw ˛ Xncps\√q¿ IcpWmIc≥

18. cmaNcnXhpw ]No\aebmfhpw ˛ F≥.B¿.tKm]n\mY≥]n≈

19. \fNcnXktμiw ˛ Abva\w Irjvass°aƒ

20. c- p ]mNo\KZyIrXnIƒ ˛ kvIdnb kJdnb

21. cmaNcnXhpw ]mNo\`mjmhnNmchpw ˛ \Sph´w tKm]meIrjvW≥

22. anj\dnaebmfKZyamXrIIƒ ˛ kmaph¬ Nμ\∏≈n

23. h¿Øam\∏pkvXIØn\v Hcp AhXmcnI ˛ NmØ\mØv ANypX\pÆn

kmaph¬ Nμ\∏≈n

24. `mcXobkmlnXyNcnXw hmfyw ˛ sI.Fw.tPm¿÷v (F.Un)

25. kmlnXyNcnXw ]kvXmßfneqsS ˛ sI. F. tPm¿÷v (F.Un)

26. aWn]hmfeLpImhyßƒ ( BapJw) ˛ NmØ\mØv ANyX\pÆn.

Fw. B¿ cmLhhmcnb¿ 27. Ezhuthachan and His Age – Chelanattu Achutha Menon 28. Early Manipravala – Astudy – K. Ramachandran Nair 29. Language of Middle Malayalam – Puthussery Ramachandran


(Abstract) M.A Malayalam under Calicut University Credit Semester System (Calicut University Credit Semester System) IInd Semester Syllabus – Implemented with effect from 2010 admission onwards in affiliated colleges – Orders Issued -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

GENERAL & ACADEMIC BRANCH – IV ‘B’ SECTION No.GA IV/B2/1532/09 Dated Calicut University.P.O., 26-02-2011 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Read:- 1. U.O. GAIV/J1/1373/08 dated 23.07.2010 2. U.O of even No.dated 17.09.2010

3. Minutes of the meeting of the Board of Studies in Malayalam (PG) held on 13.12.2010 (Item No.1) 4. Orders of Vice Chancellor in file of even No. dated 21.02.2011

O R D E R

Credit Semester System and grading has been introduced for PG curriculum in affiliated Colleges in the University with effect from 2010 admission onwards and the regulation for the same implemented vide paper read as 1st above. Vide University Order read 2nd above, orders were issued implementing the Ist Semester Syllabus of MA course in Malayalam under Credit Semester System in affiliated Colleges of the University with effect from 2010 admission. Vide paper read 3rd above, the Board of Studies in Malayalam(PG) at its meeting held on 13.12.2010 vide item no.1 resolved to approve the scheme and syllabus of 2nd semester of MA Malayalam under (CUCSS) Credit Semester System. Considering the urgency for implementing the 2nd semester Syllabus of M.A Malayalam course under Credit Semester System in affiliated colleges the Vice-Chancellor exercising the powers of Academic Council has approved item No.1of the minutes of the meeting of the Board of Studies in Malayalam (P.G) held on 13.12.2010 subject to ratification by the Academic Council.

Sanction has therefore been accorded for implementing the Syllabus of IInd semester M.A Malayalam (Calicut University Credit Semester System) in affiliated colleges of the University with effect from 2010 admission onwards subject to ratification by the Academic Council. Orders are issued accordingly. The syllabus is available in the university website. Sd/-

DEPUTY REGISTRAR (G&A-IV) To For REGISTRAR The Principals of Colleges offering M.A Malayalam Copy to: CE/Ex Sn./EG Sn./DR – AR Tabulation – PG Sn./Enquiry/Systems Administrator to upload the syllabus in the Website urgently / Library/ GA-I F Sn./SF/DF/FC Forwarded / By Order SECTION OFFICER


(Abstract) M.A Malayalam Programme under Calicut University Credit Semester System (CUCSS) IIIrd & IVth Semester Syllabus – Implemented with effect from 2010 admission onwards in affiliated colleges approved–implemented- Orders Issued ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

GENERAL & ACADEMIC BRANCH – IV ‘B’ SECTION No.GA IV/B2/1532/09 Dated Calicut University.P.O., 03-08-2011 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Read:- 1. U.O. GAIV/J1/1373/08 dated 23.07.2010 2. U.O of even No.dated 17.09.2010 and 26.02.2011 3. Minutes of the meeting of the Board of Studies in . . . Malayalam(P.G) held on 14.06.2011

4. Orders of Vice Chancellor in file of even No. dated 01.08.2011 O R D E R

Credit Semester System and grading has been introduced for PG curriculum in affiliated Colleges in the University with effect from 2010 admission onwards and the regulation for the same implemented vide paper read 1st above. Vide University Order read 2nd and 3rd Orders were issued implementing the Ist & IInd Semester Syllabus of MA Malayalam Programme under Credit Semester System in affiliated Colleges of the University with effect from 2010 admission. Vide paper read 3rd above, the Board of Studies Malayalam(PG) at its meeting held on 14.06.2011 resolved to approve the scheme and syllabus of IIIrd & IVth semesters of MA Malayalam Programme under Calicut University Credit Semester System PG. Considering the urgency the Vice-Chancellor exercising the powers of Academic Council has approved the minutes of the meeting of the Board of Studies in Malayalam (P.G) held on 14.06.2011 subject to ratification by the Academic Council.

Sanction has therefore been accorded for implementing the Syllabus of IIIrd & IVth semester M.A Malayalam Programme under Calicut University Credit Semester System in affiliated colleges of the University with effect from 2010 admission subject to ratification by the Academic Council. Orders are issued accordingly. The syllabus is available in the university website. Sd/-

DEPUTY REGISTRAR (G&A-IV) To For REGISTRAR The Principals of all Colleges offering M.A Malayalam Copy to: CE/Ex Sn./EG Sn./DR – AR Tabulation PG Sn./ Enquiry/Systems Administrator to upload the syllabus in the Website urgently / Library/ GA-I F Sn./SF/DF/FC Forwarded / By Order D:\Linesh\GA-IV\B\B2\Order\1532.03.08.2011.doc

SECTION OFFICER

tImgn-t°mSv k¿Δ-I-em-ime

Fw F ae-bmfw t]mKmw (ska-Ã¿ kº-Zmbw)

(CUCSS-2010 Admission)

]mTy]-≤Xn

University of Calicut Credit & Semester System 2010 (CUCSS PG)

Fw.F ae-bmfw _ncp-Zm-\-¥-c-_n-cp-Z-t]m-Km-ans‚ Dt±iy e£y-ßƒ

1. ae-bm-f-`m-j-bnepw tIc-f-kw-kv°m-c-Ønepw hnZym¿∞n-I-fn¬ ka-K-

amb Andhpw Ah-t_m-[hpw \n¿Ωn-°pI.

2. And-hns‚ cq]-s∏-Sp-Ø-en¬ ]¶m-fn-I-fm-Im≥ DXIpw hn[w Kth-j-

Wm-h-t_m[w krjvSn-°p-I.

3. hnti-j-]-T-\-ßƒ°v Du∂¬ \¬IpI.

4. Imhy-imkvXw , Iem-ku-μcyimkvXw , Oμ-»mkvXw , Ae-¶m-c-

imkvXw XpS-ßnb kuμ-cy-imkvXtaJ-e-Isf°pdn®v ka-K-amb

[mcW cq]-s∏-Sp-ØpI.

5. temI-km-ln-Xy-hp-ambn kº¿°w ]pe¿Øm≥ hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ°v

Ah-kcw \¬IpI.

6. a‰p hn⁄m\ imJ-I-sf-°p-dn®v kmam-\y-[m-c-W-bp-- m-°p-I.

7. t^mIvtem¿ , kmaq-ly-imkvXw , NcnXw , kwkv°m-c-]-T\w ,

am[y-a-]-T\w , ]X-]-h¿Ø\w , a\x-imkvXw , XØz-Nn¥

XpS-ßnb ssh⁄m-\nI imJ-Iƒ ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-hm≥ hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ°v

Ah-kcsamcp-°p-I. AXns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ `mjm-km-ln-Xy-]-T\w

B[p-\n-I-am-\-ß-fn-te°v hnI-kn-∏n-°m-\p≈ Ignhv hnZym¿∞n-I-fn¬

krjvSn-°p-I.

8. hnhn[ kmln-Xy-]-ÿm-\-ß-fnepw kn≤m-¥-ß-fnepw hnZym¿∞n-I-fn¬

Ah-Kmlw D- m-°p-I.

9. `mjm-N-cnXw , `mjm-imkvXw F∂o-ta-J-e-I-fnse \ho-\-Nn-¥-Ifpw

]h-W-X-Ifpw Adn-bphm≥ kml-N-cy-sam-cp-°p-I.

10. ae-bmfw k¿§m-fl-I-ambpw Inbm-fl-I-ambpw ]tbm-Kn-°m-\p≈ Ignhv

hnZym¿∞n-I-fn¬ D- m-°p-I.

11. C‚¿s\‰v t]mep≈ \h-am-[y-a-ß-fn¬ ae-bm-f-`m-j-bpsS ]tbm-Khpw

km[y-Xbpw hnZym¿∞nIsf t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øp-I.

12. ae-bm-f-`mjm kmln-Xy-]-T-\-Øn-eqsS ae-bmfn F∂ kwkv°m-c-t_m-

[hpw A`n-am-\-t_m-[hpw hf¿Øp-I.

Fw F ae-bmfw t]mKmw (ska-Ã¿ kº-Zmbw)

* \mep ska-Ã¿ sIm- mWv Cu t]mKmw ]q¿Øn-bm-Ip-∂Xv.

* Hcp-sk-a-Ã-dn¬ 90 A[y-b\ Znh-k-ßƒ D- m-bn-cn-°pw. BgvN-bn¬ 5 Znhkw

5 aWn-°q¿ hoX-am-bn-cn°pw ]hrØn Znh-k-ßƒ.

* c- p-X-c-Øn-ep≈ tImgvkp-I-fmWv Cut]mK-man-ep-≈-Xv. 1 tIm¿. 2 Ce-IvSohv .

* F√m- tIm-gvkp-Iƒ°pw IqSn 72 sIUn-‰m-Wp-≈-Xv.

* \memw ska-Ã-dn¬ t]mPIvSv / ]_‘w ]q¿Øn-bm°n ka¿∏n-°-Ww.

* aqey-\n¿Æ-b-Øn¬ 75 % Fgp-Øp-]-co-£bpw 25 % Ct‚-W¬ Ak-kvsa‚pw

Bbn-cn°pw .

* sSÃv t]∏¿ (Np-cp-ßn-bXv 2 FÆw ) , skan-\m¿ , Assk≥sa‚v ,lm-P¿

F∂nh ASn-ÿm-\-am-°n-bmWv Ct‚-W¬ Ak-kvsa‚v

* ]co-£m-k-abw aq∂p aWn-°q¿ Bbn-cn°pw

* ]co-£°v 3 Xcw tNmZy-ßƒ D- m-bn-cn-°pw

1 . eLp JWvUnI (Short Answer ) - 14 tNmZyw . shbvt‰Pv 1 hoXw

2 . eLp D]-\ymkw (Short Essay ) - 10 ¬ 7 FÆw Fgp-X-Ww.-sh-bvt‰Pv 2 hoXw.

3 . D]-\ymkw ( Essay ) - 4 ¬ 2 FÆw Fgp-X-Ww.-sh-bvt‰Pv 4 hoXw

University of Calicut Credit & Semester System 2010 (CUCSS PG)

Syllabus & Scheme of Examination M.A.Malayalam Language and Literature

H∂mw ska-Ã¿

tImgvkv

tImUv t]cv sI-Un‰v

1 ˛tIm¿ MAL1C01 ]mNo\ a[y-Im-eo\ kmlnXyw 4

2 ˛tIm¿ MAL1C02 B[p-\nI kmlnXyw ˛1 4

3 ˛tIm¿ MAL1C03 tI-c-f-kw-kv°mcw 4

4 ˛tIm¿ MAL1C04 `mjm-imkvXw 4

c- mw ska-Ã¿

tImgvkv


5 ˛tIm¿ MAL2C05 B[p-\nI kmlnXyw ˛2 4

6 ˛tIm¿ MAL2C06 kmlnXykn≤m-¥-ßƒ 4

7 ˛tIm¿ MAL2C07 am-[y-a-]-T\w 4

8 ˛tIm¿ MAL2C08 t^mIvtemdpw tIc-fo-b-I-e-Ifpw 4

aq∂mw ska-Ã¿

tImgvkv


9 ˛tIm¿ MAL3C09 Kth-j-W-Øns‚ coXn-imkvXw 4

10 ˛Ce-IvSohv MAL3E10(a) FgpØ-—≥

4 MAL3E10(b) Ip©≥ \ºym¿

MAL3E10(c) B´-°Y

11˛Ce-IvSohv MAL3E11(a) ae-bmf \mS-I-thZn

4

MAL3E11(b) Imev]-\nI IhnX

MAL3E11(c) tZ-iob]ÿm-\-Øn-s‚-kzm-[o\w

ae-bm-f-km-ln-Xy-Øn¬

12 ˛tIm¿ kwkvIrXw 4

\memw ska-Ã¿

tImgvkv


13 ˛tIm¿ MAL4C13 hymI-cWw 4

14 ˛Ce-IvSohv MAL4E14(a) hnh¿Ø\w ˛]-tbm-Khpw kn≤m-

¥hpw 4

MAL4E14(b) ae-bmf `mjm-N-cnXw

MAL4E14(c) Xmc-X-ay-km-lnXyw

15˛Ce-IvSohv MAL4E15(a) t\mh¬ ,sN-dp-IY

4

MAL4E15(b) B[p-\nI IhnX

MAL4E15(c) ae-bmfkmln-Xy-hn-a¿i\w

16 ˛tIm¿ kwkvIrXw 4

17 t]mPIvSv / ]_‘w 5

18 hmNm-]-co£ 3

t]mKm-ans‚ BsI sIUn‰v ˛ 72

Fw.F ae-bmfw `mjbpw kmln-Xyhpw

skaÃ¿ 3 Kth-j-W-Øns‚ coXn-imkvXw

tIm¿ tImgvkv 9(MAL3C09) sIUn-‰v-˛4

]T\ e£y-ßƒ

1. hn⁄m-\m-t\-jz-W-Øn¬ hnZym¿∞n-I-fn¬ A`n-cpNn hf¿Øp-I.

2. hn⁄m\ \n¿ΩnXn-bnepw Nn¥m-hy-h-lm-c-Ønepw Ahsc ]¶m-fn-I-fm-°p-

I

kbp‡nI Nn¥m-]-≤Xn hnI-kn-∏n-°pI

3. Kth-j-W-Øns‚ ]m[m\yw t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øp-I.

4. Kth-j-W-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-X-Øz-ß-fn¬ [mc-W-bp-- -m°p-I.

5. Kth-j-W coXn-imkvXw Ah-ew-_n®p Kth-j-W ]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬

G¿s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-\p≈ ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-io-e\w e`y-am-°pI

6. hn-tij ]T-\-Øns‚ ]m[m\yw t_m[y-s∏-Sp-ØpI

7. kaql ]ptcm-K-Xnbv°v D]-bp-‡-amIpw hn[w KthW taJe Imcy-£-a-

am-tI-- -Xns‚ ]m[m\yw t_m[y-s∏-Sp-I.

8. `mj. kmln-Xyw. Ie, \mtSmSn hn⁄m-\o-bw,-]p-cm-hkvXp hn⁄m-\o-bw,

l-kvX-en-JnX hn⁄m-\o-bw ]T-\-ta-J-e, en]n hn⁄m-\o-bw XpS-ßnb

ssh⁄m-\nI taJe-I-fn¬ Kth-jWw sNøp-∂-Xn\v hntij ]cn-io-

e\w e`y-am-°pI

9. ]_‘ cN-\-bn¬ ]tbm-KnI ]cn-⁄m\w e`y-am-°pI

bqWn‰v H∂v

1. Kth-jWw

* ]Z-\n-jv]Øn, \n¿h-N\w , e£yw

2. ⁄m\hpw hn⁄m\hpw ˛ hn⁄m\ \n¿ΔN\w

3. kn≤m-¥-h-Xv°-cWw

4. Kth-jW kqXw

5. hn⁄m\ hn`m-K-ßƒ

* ip≤ hn⁄m\hpw ]mtbm-KnI hn⁄m-\hpw , ]IrXn hn⁄m-\hpw

kmaq-

lnI hn⁄m-\hpw, bm-Ym-XYnI hn⁄m-\hpw am\-hnI hn⁄m-\hpw,

am-\-hnI hn⁄m-\hpw imkvXhpw , Aim-kvXob kao-]-\-co-Xn-Iƒ

6. Kth-j-W-Øns‚ ]tbmP-\hpw ]cnan-Xn-Ifpw

7. Kth-j-I\pw Kth-j-WØn\pw D- m-bn-cn-t°- KpWßƒ

bqWn‰v c- v

1. Kth-j-W-Øns‚ L´-ßƒ

* hnjbw sXc-s™-Sp-°epw ka-I-c-Whpw, Kth-j-W- cq]-I-ev]\ ,

]q¿h ]T-\-ß-fpsS hne-bn-cp-Ø¬

2. ZØ tiJ-cWw (data collection) Kth-j-I\pw Bth-Z-I\p, aWvU-ehrØn (field work), A`n-apJw ˛

hnhn[A`n-apJcoXn-Iƒ, kmt¶-XnI hnZy-I-fpsS ]tbmKw

3. h¿Ko-I-c-Ww ˛ hnhn[ h¿Ko-I-c-W coXn-Iƒ

4. hyh-ÿo-I-cW ]≤-Xn-Iƒ, kmt¶XnI ]≤Xn ,bp‡y-[n-jvTnX ]≤Xn

5. ]cn-I-ev]\ (Hypothesis) F¥mWv ]cn-I-ev]\˛ imkvXnb ]cn-I-ev]\Iƒ°v D- m-bn-cn-t°-

KpW-ßƒ , \n¿Æm-bI ]co-£Ww , ]cn-I-ev]\bpsS km[pX

bqWn‰v aq∂v

1. A]-K-Y\ coXn-Iƒ

* BK-a\w˛ \mep-L-´-ßƒ, BK-a-\-tZm-j-ßƒ

* \nK-a\w ˛\nK-a\hpw X¿°-imkvX hn[n-Ifpw, \nK-a\tZmj-ßƒ

* BK-a\ \nK-a\ßƒ XΩn-ep≈ hyXymkw

2. \nco-£-Whpw ]co-£Whpw

* \nco-£-Whpw \nco-£-WtZmj-ßfpw

* ]co-£-Whpw ]co-£-WØn\p≈ ta∑-Ifpw

3. \n¿h-N\w

* Pm-Xn,- D-]-PmXn, Ah-t—ZIw

* \n¿h-N\ \nb-a-ßƒ

* \n¿h-N\ `mj

* \n¿h-N\t`Z-ßƒ

4. X¿°-im-kvXm-h-ew-_-ßƒ ˛ Xm¿°n-I-⁄m-\hpw Kth-j-Whpw

* `mc-Xob X¿°-im-kvX ]am-W-ßƒ

jUvZ¿i-\-ßƒ , kqX kz`mhw ,A\p-_-‘-N-Xp-jvSbw

* Imc-Whpw Imcyhpw

ImcW \n¿h-N\w , Imc-W -_-lp-Xz-kn-≤m¥w ,`mh-`mh kml-N-cy-

ßƒ,

Imc-W- Imcy_‘-Øns‚ ]k‡n

* ]Zm¿∞ hn`P\w

Zhyw, KpWw , I¿Ωw , kmam\yw ,hntijw ,ka-hmbw , A`mhw

* ]am-W-ßƒ

]Xy£w , A\p-am\w , D]-am\w , i_vZw.

bqWn‰v \mev

kmlnXy Kth-j-Whpw `mjm-K-th-j-Whpw

1. kmlnXy Kth-j-Ww _mly Kth-j-Ww,B`y-¥c Kth-j-Ww, Xmc-

Xaykmln-Xy-

]-T\w,]mT hna¿i\w ˛aqe-]mT ]p\x-krjvSn ,\nK-a-\hpw aqey-\n¿Æ-b-\hpw,

kwkvIm-c-]-T\ taJ-e-Iƒ

2. `mj Kth-j-Ww]T-\-ta-J-e-Iƒ, kao-]-\-co-Xn-Iƒ ˛ hnh-c-Wm-flIw ˛ BK-

anIw ˛

hyXn-tc-Im-flIw˛ LS-\m-flIw

3. CXc hn⁄m\ imJ-Iƒ°p≈ ]k‡n

4. `mjm Kth-j-WsØ kw_-‘n® ]k‡ XØzßƒ

bqWn‰v A©v

]_‘ cN\

1. BIm-cW kma-Kn-Iƒ hmbn®p ]_-‘-°p-dn-∏p-Iƒ sXøm-dm-°p∂ hn[w

Im¿Up kº-Zmbw , ^b¬ kº-Zmbw

2. ]_-‘-Øns‚ LS\ --˛ Dt]m-XvLmXw, ]_‘ icocw, D]-kw-lmcw

3. ]_‘ `mj-bpsS ]tXy-I-X-Iƒ

4.- ]-cm-a¿ihpw D≤-c-Whpw ˛ FgpØnse Nn”\ßƒ, ASn-°p-dn-∏p-Iƒ ,

KŸkqNn, Npcp-s°-gpØp cp]-ßfpw kpN-I-]-Z-ßfpw

5. A\p-_‘w ˛ NnX-ßƒ ˛ ]´n-I-Iƒ˛ a‰p tcJ-Iƒ

6. ae-bmf `mjm-km-ln-Xy Kth-jW NcnXw

Kth-jW ÿm]-\-ßƒ ˛ A°m-Z-an-Ihpw kzX-¥hpw, ]apJ kw`m-h-\-

Iƒ,

it≤b-cmb Kth-j-I¿ , Kth-jW ]kn-≤o-I-c-W-ßƒ

Xmsg sImSp-Øn-cn-°p∂ KŸ-ßƒ hni-Z-]-T\Øn\mbn \n¿t±-in-°p∂p

1. " Kth-j-W ]≤-Xn,' tUm.-sI.-Fw.-]-`m-I-c-hm-cy¿, h≈-tØmƒ hnZym-]oTw,

ipI-]pcw

2. "kmlnXy Kth-j-WWw, ]_‘ cN-\-bpsS XØz-ßƒ,"tUm.-Nm-Ø\mØv

ANyp-X-\p-Æn, h≈-tØmƒ hnZym-]oTw, ipI-]pcw

3. "Kth-j-W-co-Xn-im-kvXw," tUm.-\-Sp-h´w tKm]m-e-Ir-jvW≥, tIc-f-`mjm

C≥Ãn-‰yq-´v, Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cw.

IqSp-X¬ hmb-\°v

1. " Kth-j-W ]th-inI' -˛ tUm.-Fw.-hn.-hn-jvWp-\-ºq-Xn-cn, tIc-f-`mjm

C≥Ãn-‰yq-´v, Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cw.

2. "Kth-j-W-Øns‚ ]iv\-ßƒ' ˛ kºm.sI them-bp-[≥]n≈,

cma-N-μ≥ \mb¿, tIcf k¿h-I-em-im-e,1976

3. "ae-bm-f-ssien'˛ Ip´n-°r-jvW-am-cm¿, amcm¿ kmln-Xy-]-Im-i\w

4. "`mc-Xnb X¿°-im-km-Xw' ˛ C..-sF.-hm-cn-b¿, tIc-f-`mjm C≥Ãn-‰yq-´v,

Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cw.

5. "X¿°-im-kvXw'-˛kp`-Zm-tKm-hn-μ-∏n-≈,tIc-f-`mjm C≥Ãn-‰yq-´v, Xncp-h-\-¥-

]p-cw.

6. ‘The art of Literary research,’ Altie,Richard,D.W.W. Norton & Company, Newyork 7. ‘Research methodology,’ Kothari,C.R. Wilcy Eastern Ltd., NewDelhi. 8. “Knowledge for development” Oxford University press, Newyork 9. ‘Elements of Scientific method’, Kaul, B.N Suthan chand &sons, Newdelhi. 10. “Research methodology in Social Sciences” Devendra Thakur, Deep & Deep Publication, Newdelhi.


skaÃ¿ 3

Ce-IvSohv tImgvkv 10 FgpØ—≥ (MAL 3 E 10(a)) sIUn-‰v-˛4

t]m¿´pKo-kp-Im-cpsS BK-a-\-Øn-\p-tijw tIc-f-°-c-bn¬ cmjvSo-b-cwKØpw kaq-

lØnepw D- mb ]cn-h¿Ø-\-ßƒ ˛ hym]m-cm-`n-hr-≤n-bn-epsS tIc-f-Øn-\p-- mb

`uXnI ]ptcm-KXn ˛ kXyw, [¿Ωw, \oXn F∂n-h-bn¬\n-∂p-- mb hyXn-N-e\w˛ ka-Im-

eo\km-ln-Xy-Øn-ep-- mb ChbpsS ]Xn-^-e-\-ßƒ˛Fgp-Ø-—\pap≥]pw At±-l-Øns‚

Ime-L-´-Ønepw ae-bm-f-Øn-ep-- m-bn-cp∂ kmln-Xy-k-c-Wn-Ifpw Ah-bpsS khn-ti-j-

X-Ifpw ˛ kmln-Xy-]p-tcm-K-Xn-°mbn CXn-hrØ kwkvI-c-W-Ønepw Imhy`m-j-bnepw

Fgp-Ø-—≥ hcp-Ønb ]cn-jvIr-Xn-Iƒ˛

ae-bm-f-Ønse `‡n-]-ÿm\w ˛ Fgp-Ø-—s‚ `‡n ˛ `‡n°pw ]ÿm-\-Øn\pw Infn-

∏m-´n-ep≈ ÿm\w ˛FgpØ-—s‚ BJym-\-Ie ˛ tIc-f-`m-j-Km-\-ß-fmb Xp©s‚ Infn-

∏m-´p-Iƒ°v aqe-Ir-Xn-I-fp-am-bp≈ _‘w (]k-‡-amb `mK-ßƒ aqe-Ir-Xn-I-fp-ambn

Xmc-X-ay-s∏-SpØn Fgp-Ø-—s‚ BJym-\-kz-`mhw Kln-°Ww) ˛ Xp©≥Ir-Xn-I-fnse

kaq-lw˛Xp©s‚ Infn-∏m-´p-Iƒ°v ka-Im-en-Ihpw ]q¿h-Im-en-I-hp-amb IrXn-I-tfm-Sp≈

IS-∏m-Sv˛ Fgp-Ø-—s‚ kzm[o\w ]nev°m-e-`m-jm-km-ln-Xy-Øn¬ ˛ Infn-∏m-´v]-ÿm-

\Øn\v ]nev°m-e-Øp-- mb A]-Nbw ˛ Xp©≥Ir-Xn-I-fpsS C∂sØ ]k-‡n. C∏-

d™ Imcy-ßƒs°√mw ÿm\w \evIn-bp≈ ]T-\-amWv e£y-am-°p-∂-Xv.

]mTy`mK-ßƒ

bq\n‰v H∂v

`‡n ˛ kaq-l-Ønepw kmln-Xy-Øn-epw. cma-`‡n ˛ ssi-h-ssh-jvWh `‡n,

i‡yp-]m-k\ ˛ `‡n-bpsS hym]\w ˛ `‡nbpw ⁄m\hpw tam£-hpw.

bq\n‰v c- v

Io¿Ø-\-km-lnXyw ˛ lcn-\m-a-Io¿Ø\w

bq\n‰v aq∂v

Infn-∏m-´p-km-lnXyw˛A-≤ym-fl-cm-am-bWw Infn-∏m´v ˛ Atbm≤ym-ImWvUw

bq\n‰v \mev

Infn-∏m-´p-km-lnXyw ˛ alm-`m-cXw Infn-∏m´v I¿Æ]¿Δw ˛ -aqe-Ir-Xn-bp-am-bp≈

Xmc-X-ay]-T\w

bq\n‰v A©v

Infn-∏m-´p-km-lnXyw˛ alm-`m-cXw Infn-∏m´v˛ im¥n ]¿Δw-˛-aq-e-Ir-Xn-bpam-bp≈

Xmc-X-ay]-T\w

klm-b-I-K-Ÿ-ßƒ

1. Fgp-Ø-—s‚ A≤ym-fl-cm-am-bWw Hcp ]T\w ˛ tUm.-sI.-F≥ Fgp-Ø-—≥

2., kmln-Xy-N-cnXw ]ÿm-\-ß-fn-epsS ˛ FUn.-sI.-Fw.-tPm¿÷v

3. Xp©sØ-gpØ—≥ ˛ kmln-Xy-]-©m-\≥ ]n.-sI.- \m-cm-b-W-]n≈

4. Fgp-Ø-—≥ ]T-\-ßƒ ˛ tUm.-Fw.- Ir-jvW≥ \ºq-Xncn

5. Fgp-Ø-—s‚ Ie ˛ ]n.-sI. _me-Ir-jvW≥

6. tIc-f-km-ln-Xy- NcnXw ˛ D≈q¿

7. Fgp-Ø-—≥ (sX-c-s™-SpØ ]_-‘-ßƒ) ˛ F≥.- Ir-jvW-]n≈

8. Xp©≥ ]_-‘-ßƒ ˛ tIc-f-km-lnXy A°m-Zan

9. ae-bm-f-hn-a¿iw- e°w 10 ˛ ae-bm-f-hn-`m-Kw, tImgn-t°mSv k¿Δ-I-em-ime

10. cma-N-cn-X-Øn¬\n∂p alm-`m-c-X-Øn-te°v ˛ Fw.- Fw. ]pcp-tjm-Ø-a≥ \mb¿

11. Xp©-sØ-gpØ—s‚ alm-`m-cXw kwtim-[nX kwkv°-cWw ˛ ]n.-Fw. hnP-b-∏≥

Id‚v _pIvkv, Xr»p¿

12. Infn-∏m´v ˛ tUm. F≥.-ap-I-μ≥

13. Ezhuthachan and His Age – Chelanat Achutha Menon

14. Fgp-Ø-—\pw Imehpw (]-cn-`mj) ˛ tUm.-Fw. eoem-hXn

15. Fgp-Ø-—s‚ `‡n-bpw- Z¿i-\hpw ˛ tUm.-]n.-Dj


skaÃ¿: 3.

Ce-IvSohv tImgvkv 10 Ip©≥ \ºym¿MAL 3 E 10 (b)

sIUn-‰v-˛4

bqWn‰v: H∂v:18˛ w \q‰m-- nse tIc-fob kaq-lw-˛-Po-hn-X-co-Xn-Iƒ ˛ cmjvSo-b,-km-aq-ln-

I,-kmw-kvIm-cnI ÿnXnKXnIƒ ˛ `c-W-kw-hn-[m-\w-˛-\m-´p-cm-Py-ß-fpsS ]X-\w˛kwkvIm-

cnI \thm-∞m-\-Øns‚ Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂¬∏p-Iƒ. tIc-f-Ønse ¢m nIv Ie-Iƒ: IqØv,-

Iq-Sn-bm-´w,-I-Y-I-fn,-\m-S≥I-e-Iƒ, ]S-b-Wn,-Xp-≈¬,- tI-c-fo-b-kw-KoX ]mc-º-cyw, tI-c-fo-b-

kw-KoXØns‚ ssIh-gn-Iƒ,-Ip-©≥ \ºy-mcpsS kwKo-X-t_m-[w, imkvXo-b-kw-Ko-Xw,-

\m-tSm-Sn-Km-\-co-Xn, Xp≈¬ ]ÿm-\-Øns‚ DZ-b-hn-Im-k-ßƒ aq∂p Xcw Xp≈-ep-Iƒ

(Hm-´≥,-]-d-b≥, ioX-¶≥), Xp≈¬ IrXn-I-fnse hrØ-ßƒ, cmK-ßƒ,-Xm-f-ßƒ,-hm-tZym-]-

I-c-W-ßƒ,-ssi-en-Iƒ,-]-gs©m√p-Iƒ,-Xp-≈¬km-ln-XyØns‚ hni-Zhpw, ka-K-hp-amb

]T-\-Øn-\p≈ `qanI F∂ \ne-bn¬ hkvXp-Xm-]-c-amb hnh-c-ßƒ C°m-cy-hp-ambn _‘-

s∏´v hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ a\- n-em-°n-bn-cn-°Ww

bqWn‰v: c- v:Xp≈¬ IrXn-I-fnse]ta-b-ßƒ-˛-km-aq-ln-I-hpw, kmwkvIm-cn-I-hpw,-cm-jvSo-

b-hp-amb Xcw-Xn-cn-hp-Iƒ˛ CXn-lm-k˛ ]ucm-Wn-Im¥-co-£-Øn¬ \n∂v ka-Im-en-\m-¥-co-

£-Øn-tebv°pw, kmam-\y-Po-hn-X-]-cnX: ÿnXn-I-fn-te-bv°p-ap≈ KXn-am-‰w,-C-Xn-lm-k-˛-]p-

c-W-I-Ym-]m-X-ß-fpsS tIc-fo-bm-¥-co-£-Øn-te-bv°p≈ IqSp-am-‰w,-Ip-©≥ \ºym-

cpsSBJym-\-I-e-bpsS A¥x-k-Øsb ae-bm-f-Øns‚ X\Xp BJym-\-]m-c-º-cy-hp-ambn

ka-c-k-s∏-SpØn Nn¥n-°-¬˛ BJym-\-Ønse ]pØ≥ Is- -Ø-ep-Iƒ.

hni-Z-]-T-\-Øn\v:cpIvanWn kzbw-h-cw,-Hm-´≥Xp-≈¬

(Ip-©≥\-ºym-cpsS Xp≈¬Ir-Xn-Iƒ ˛]pdw 234)

bqWn‰v: aq∂v:Ip©≥\ºym-cpsS Pohn-X-ho-£Ww ˛ Xp≈¬ IrXn-I-fn¬ \ºym¿ Bhn-

jv°-cn® ^enX ]cn-lm-k-ßƒ ˛ Bt£-]-lm-ky-X-e-Øn-te-s°Øp∂ kmaqly

hna¿i-\w˛ tIc-fob ¢m n-°¬ Ie-I-fmb IqØv,-Iq-Sn-bm´w F∂n-h-tbmSpw a[y-Ime

Nºp-°-tfmSpw Xp≈¬Ir-Xn-Iƒ°p≈ IS-∏m-Sv˛ kmaq-lnI hna¿i-\-Øns‚ ]pXnb

ImgvN-∏m-Sp-Iƒ˛ \ºym¿ IrXn-I-fn¬ ]Xn-^-en-X-am-Ip∂ tIc-fo-bX.

hni-Z-]-T-\-Øn\v: KW-]Xn ]mX¬.-io-X-¶¬ Xp≈¬

(Xp-≈¬-Ir-Xn-Iƒ. ]pdw.870)

bqWn‰v: \mev: Ip©≥\ºym-cpsS Imhym-h-t_m-[w,-Im-hy-k-¶-ev]w˛ kmaq-ln-I-t_m-[w˛

kmaq-ln-I-\-hn-I-c-W-Øn-∂m-bp≈ ]b-Xv\-Øns‚ ]Xn-^-e-\w- Xp-≈¬ Ir-Xn-I-fn¬ ˛

Xp-≈¬ Ir-Xn-I-fn¬ ]Xn-^-enX-am-Ip∂ tIc-fob kaq-lw.

hni-Z-]-T-\-Øn\v: ]m©m-eo-kz-bw-h-cw,- ]-d-b≥ Xp≈¬(Xp-≈-¬Ir-Xn-Iƒ. ]pdw. 1105)

bqWn‰v: A©v: Ip©≥\ºym-cpsS hy‡n Pohn-Xw-˛-In-≈n-°p-dp»n awK-eØp \n∂v Aº-

e-∏p-g-bn-te°v ˛ Aº-e-∏p-g-bnse PohnX ]›m-Øew ˛ \ºym-cp-am-bn-_-‘-s∏´v ]N-cn-

®n-´p≈ sFXn-ly-ß¬ ˛ \ºym-cpsS Ih\ ssien-bnse Akm-[m-c-WXzw ˛ \ºym-¿

IrXn-I-fnse `mjm-]-c-amb sshhn-[y-ßƒ ˛ cma-]m-Wn-hm-Z\pw Ip©≥\ºym-cpw ˛ `n∂m-

`n-]mb \nco-£-W-ßƒ ˛ hkvXp-X-I-fpw,-X¿°ßfpw ˛ Xp≈¬ IrXn-Iƒ°v ]pdsa

Ip©≥\ºym-¿ cNn® a‰p-Ir-Xn-Iƒ ˛ Xp≈¬°Y-Iƒ ]pXnb Ime-L-´-Øn¬.

hni-Z-]-T-\-Øn\v:

(1) io IrjvW-N-cnXw aWn-]-hmfw

(k¿§w.7 BZysØ 50 t«mIw)

(2) \f-N-cnXw Infn-∏m´v ˛ aq∂mw-`mKw

klm-b-I-K-Ÿ-ßƒ :

(1) Ip©≥\ºym-¿ ˛ hm°pw kaq-lhpw ˛ tUm: sI.-F≥.-KtWiv

(2) Ip©≥\ºym-cpw At±-l-Øns‚ Xp≈¬Ir-Xn-I-fpw, tUm : hn.-F-kv. i¿Ω

(3) Xp≈¬ Hcp ]T\w ˛ tUm : hn.-F-kv. i¿Ω

(4) \ºymcpw Xp≈¬ kmln-Xyhpw ˛ Ghq¿ ]c-ta-iz-c≥

(5) kmlnXy NcnXw ]ÿm-\-ß-fn-ep-sS. FUn: tUm:sI.-Fw.-tPm¿÷v

(6) Z£n-tW-¥y≥ kwKoXw ˛ F.-sI.-c-ho-μ\mYv

(7) \ºymcpw Xp≈epIfpw ˛ Ip∏-°m´v \mcmb-W-ta-t\m≥

(8) tIcf kmlnXy Ncn-Xw ˛ Vol:3.D≈q¿

(9) ssIc-fn-bpsS IY ˛ F≥.Ir-jvW-]n≈

(10) Xp≈¬ ]ÿm\w ˛ kwkvIm-c-tI-Zmcw ˛ Fkv.-sI.-\m-b¿

(11) kmln-Xyhpw lmky-c-khpw ˛ kmln-Xy- Xqen-I(-c-- mw-`m-Kw)-h-S-°qw-Iq¿

(12) ae-bmf IhnXmkmln-Xy-NcnXw ˛ tUm:Fw.-eo-em-hXn

(13) hm°pw kaq-lhpw ˛ C.-hn.-cm-a-Ir-jvW≥

(14) tIc-f-`mj Km\-ßƒ ˛ Nndbv°¬ Sn.-_m-e-Ir-jvW≥ \mb¿

(15) tIc-f-`mj Km\-ßƒ ˛ kºm:˛ s]m^:B\-μ-°p-´≥ \mb¿

(16) hS°≥ ]m´p-Iƒ ˛ kºm: Fw.-kn.-A-∏pÆn \ºym¿

(17) hS°≥ ]m´p-IfpsS ]Wn-bme ˛ tUm: Fw.-B¿.-cm-Lh hmcn-b¿

(18) ]tS\n ˛ IS-Ω-\n´ hmkp-tZ-h≥]n≈

(19) hrØ-a-RvPcn ˛ G.-B¿. cmP-cm-P-h¿Ω


skaÃ¿ 3

Ce-IvSohv tImgvkv B´-°Y(MAL3 E 10(c)) sIUn-‰v-˛4

kmlnXy]ÿm\w F∂ \ne-bn¬ B´-°Ym-Im-hy-ß-fpsS kuμ-cy-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-

XIƒ, ae-bm-f-ImhykmlnXyØn¬ B´-°YIfpsS kw`m-h-\,-I-Y-I-fn-km-lnXyw F∂

\ne-bn¬ B´-°YIfpsS khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ, B´-°Ybp-tSbpw IY-I-fn-bp-tSbpw

cq]s∏Sepw Ncn-Xhpw hnIm-k-hpw, A`n\-b-km-ln-Xyw, kwKo-Xkm-ln-Xyw F∂o \ne-I-

fn¬ B´-°YIfpsS kmln-tXy-Xc ]m-[m-\y-ßƒ, IY-I-fn-bpsS kuμ-cy-im-kvXw, tIc-

f-Ønse imkvXo-b-I-e-I-fn¬ IY-I-fn-bpsS ÿm\w F∂o hnj-b-ßsf kw_-‘n®p

hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ°v Kl-\-amb ⁄m\w e`y-am-°p-I, IY-fn-bn¬ Kth-j-Wm-`n-apJyw

hf¿Øp-I, F∂nh B tImgvkv e£y-an-Sp-∂p.

hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ hni-Z-]-T-\-Øn\v \n¿±-in-®n-´p≈ B -°YIfpsS Ah-XcW

ßƒ t\cn¬°- v cwKm-h-X-c-W-hp-ambn tN¿Øp ]Tn-t°-- -Xm-Wv. kmln-Xy-kw-_-‘-

ambpw Acßpkw-_-‘-ambpw tNmZy-ßƒ D- m-bn-cn-°pw. kmlnXykw-_-‘-amb tNmZy-

ßƒ hni-Z-]-T-\-Øn\p \n¿t±-in-®n-´p≈]mTy-`m-K-ßse Bkv]-Z-am-°n-bm-bn-cn-°pw. IY-I-

fn-I- pw Iem-Im-c-∑m-cp-ambn A`n-apJw \S-Ønbpw skan-\m-dp-Ifpw Assk≥sa‚p-Ifpw

Xøm-dm-t°-- -Xm-Wv.

bqWn-‰v-˛1

tIc-fØnse kar-≤-amb \mtSm-Sn-°-em-]m-c-ºcyw ˛ \mtSm-SncwK-I-e-Iƒ-˛-km-am-\y-

]-cn-N-bw(-sX-øw, apSn-tb-‰v, ]S-b-Wn, Xnøm- v, tXm¬∏m-h-°q-Øv)-˛-im-kvXo-b-I-e-I-fpsS

Bhn¿`m-hhpw khn-tij-X-I-fpw-˛-Ip-Sn-bm-´w, \ßym¿°q-Øv,-IqØv,-Ir-jv-W-\m-´w, cma-\m-

´w, AjvS-]-Zn-bm-´w, tamln-\n-bm-´w,-Xp-≈¬, tkm]m-\-kw-Ko-Xw,-I¿Æm-S-I-kw-Ko-Xw,-ta-f-

Ie (]-©m-cn,-]m-- n, ]©-hm-Zyw,-Xm-b-º-I), Npa¿®n-X-Ie F∂o imkvXo-b-I-e-I-sf-°p-

dn®p kmam-\y-[m-c-W˛imkvXo-b-I-eIƒ,- ¢m-kn-°¬I-e-Iƒ t£X-I-e-Iƒ F∂o

hnebncp-Ø-ep-I-fpsS ]k-‡n-˛-Iq-Sn-bm´w, IrjvW\m-´w, cma-\m-´w,-F-∂o-cw-K-I-e-Iƒ°p

IY-I-fn-bp-am-bp≈ _‘w˛IY-I-fn-cp]-s∏-Sp∂ kml-N-cyw˛IY-I-fn-bpsS kuμ-cy-im-

kvXw-˛-`m-c-Xob Iem-Nn-¥-I-fpsS ASn-ÿm-\-X-Xz-ßƒ˛Xucy-XnIw˛\rØw, \rXyw,

\mSyw-˛-N-Xp¿hn-[m-`n-\-bw-˛-]-Zm-`n-\-bw,-]-Zm¿Ym-`n-\-bw,-hmIy¿Ym-`n-\bwIY-I-fn-bnse A`n-

\-bw-˛-I-Ym-]m-X-ßfpw thj-ß-fpw˛IY-I--fp-bnse \rØw˛IY-I-fn--kw-Ko-Xw˛IY-I-

fntafw˛ tX∏v,-ap-J-sØ-gp-Øp, Np´n, intcm-e-¶m-c-ßƒ, Na-b-ßƒ-˛-A-c-ßp-˛-N-S-ßp-Iƒ(-tI-

fn-sIm-´v ,-tXm-S-bw,-]p-d∏mSv, \ne-∏-Zw, tafw Xnc-t\m-´w,-[-\m-in), kt¶-X-ßƒ(-sNm-√n-bm-´w,

Cf-In-bm-´w, Xt‚-Sm-´w, Iem-ißƒ)hnhn[ kº-Zm-bßfpw ]cn-jv°mcßfpw, sh´-Øv,

I√-Sn-t°m-S≥, Iπn-ßm-S≥, I√p-h-gn, Iem-a-WvU-ew˛ IY-I-fn-bpsS P\-Io-b-h¬°-c-Ww.

BZy-Ime B´-°-Y-Ifpw Ac-ß-I-fpw˛ B´°YmcN-\bnepw IY-I-fn-bnepw sIm´m-c-°-c-

Ø-ºp-cms‚ kw`m-h-\-Iƒ.

hni-Z-]-T-\-Øn-\p≈ ]mTy-`mKw: _men-h[w ˛ sIm´m-c-°c Xºp-cm≥

bqWn-‰v-˛2 IY-I-fn-bn¬ tIm´-bØp Xº-cm≥ hcp-Ønb ]cn-jvIm-c-ßƒ ˛ tIm´bw

IY-I-ƒ°p e`n® P\-]o-Xn-bp-tSbpw AwKo-Im-c-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-ßƒ ˛tIm-´bw IY-I-

fpsS cwKm-hn-jvIm-cw, kmln-Xy-`w-Kn, ck-k-∂n-th-iw, ]mX-krjvSn, A`n-\-b-tbm-KyX

F∂nh hniZ-]-T-\-Øn\pw hne-bn-cp-Ø-en\pw hnt[-b-am-°p-I.

hni-Z-]-T-\-Øn-\p≈ ]mTy-`mKw: \nhm-X-I-h-N-Im-e-tI-b-h[w ˛ tIm´bw Xºp-cm≥

bqWn-‰v-˛3 IY-Ifn kmln-Xy-Øn\pw Ac-ßn\pw DÆm-bn-hm-cy-cpsS kw`m-h-\. \f-N-cnXw B´-

°-Y-bpsS cwKmhn-jvIm-cw, kmln-Xy-`w-Kn, ck-k-∂n-th-iw, ]mX-kr-jvSn, A`n-

\btbmKyX, ]Nmcw F∂nh hni-Z-]-T-\-Øn\p hnt[-b-am-°pI

hni-Z-]-T-\-Øn-\p≈ ]mTy-`mKw: \f-N-cnXw \memw-Zn-hkw ˛ DÆm-bn-hm-cy¿

bqWn-‰v-˛4 Cc-bn-Ω≥ Xºn, Aiz-Xn-Xn-cp-\mƒ, Im¿Øn-I-Xn-cp-\mƒ F∂n-h-cpsS B -°YI-

fpsS ]tXy-I-X-Ifpw IY-I-fn-bpsS hf¿®-bnepw ]Nm-c-Ønepw Ah sNep-Ønb

kzm[o\w ˛ Cc-bn-Ω≥ XºnbpsS B´-°-Y-I-fpsS cwKm-hn-jvIm-cw, kmln-Xy-`w-Kn, ck-k-

∂n-th-iw, ]mX-kr-jvSn, A`n-\-b-tbm-Ky-X, ]Nmcw F∂nh hniZ-]-T-\-Øn\p hnt[-b-am-

°pI

hni-Z-]-T-\-Øn-\p≈ ]mTy-`mKw: DØ-cm-kz-bw-hcw (D-Ø-c-`mKw ˛ " AXm-¥tc Ine

hncm-S-]-tX-kvX-\q-Pm.." F∂ t«mIw apX¬ KŸm-h-km\w hsc) ˛ Cc-bn-Ω≥ Xºn

bqWn-‰v-˛5

]sØm-ºXv, Ccp-]Xv \q‰m-- p-I-fn¬ IY-I-fn-°p-- mb hf¿®bpw ]Nm-chpw ˛

tIc-f-I-em-a-WvU-ew, ]n.-F-kv.hn \mSy-kw-Lw, tIm´-°¬, am¿§n, Iem-\n-ebw XpS-ßnb

If-cn-Iƒ IY-I-fn-bn¬ hcp-Ønb \ho\`mhp-IXzw ˛ cwKm-h-X-c-W-Øn¬ ]g-b-Nn-´-I-fn¬

\n∂p≈ hyXn-bm\w ˛ `mh-Im-hy-k-Zr-i-amb IY-I-tfm-Sp≈ B`n-apJyw ˛ emfnXyw ˛

kwKo-Xm-`n-apJyw ˛ apJ-sØ-gp-Ønepw Na-b-ß-fnepw hcp-Ønb ]cn-jvImcßƒ ˛ ]pcm-

W-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw hyXn-cn-‡-ß-fmb IY-Ifpw a‰pw Bhn-jvI-cn-°p-hm-\p≈ ia-ßƒ ˛

IY-Ifn IpSp-X¬ P\-Iobhpw km¿h-tZ-io-b-hp-am-Ip-∂-Xns‚ km[y-X-Iƒ ˛ IY-Ifnbc-

ßnepw IY-Ifn kmln-Xy-Ønepw kw`-hn-®p-sIm-- n-cn-°p∂ ka-Im-e-]-cn-Wm-a-ßfpw

hna¿i-\-ßfpw Ifn-tbm-K-ß-epsS kzm[o-\hpw CS-s]-Sepw ˛ C∂p Ac-ßp-hm-gp∂

][m\ B´-°Y-Iƒ ˛ \c-Im-kp-c-h-[w, _I-h-[w. cn‹n-Wo-kz-bw-hcw, cmh-W-hn-P-bw,

_men-hn-P-sb, Incm-Xw, IptN-h-hr-Øw, eh-Wm-kp-c-h[w, cmh-tWm-¤-hw, kp`-Km-l-c-

Ww, tZh-bm-\o-kz-bw-h-cw, _mW-bp-≤w. k¥m-\-tKm-]m-ew, cp‹mw-K-Z-N-cn-Xw,

Zptcym-[-\-h-[w, I¿Æ-i-]-Yw F∂o-I-Y-I-fpsS Ac-ßp-Iƒ t\cn¬°- p Ah-bpsS cN-

\m-hn-ti-j-ßfpw Imhy-ku-μ-cyhpw Ac-ßn¬ ]bp‡am-Ip-∂-sX-ßns\ F∂p ]Tn-°pI

hni-Z-]-T-\-Øn-\p≈ ]mTy-`mKßƒ:˛

1. k¥m-\-tKm-]mew ( " Xo°pWvUw hn]pe Ign®p hn[n-ssJ-c·nw Pzen-∏n-®p-S≥" F∂ t«mIw XpSßn KŸm-h-km\w hsc) ˛ a- -h-∏n≈n C´n-cm-cn-»-ta-t\m≥

2. _mW-bp≤w (" C∞w ]nbmfn ZrU-_-≤m-eIw XZ-\p.….. " F∂ ZfiIw

XpSßn "t]i-em-\t\ Im¨I. Im¥s\.….. " F∂ Nc-Wm-h-km\w hsc) ˛

_me-I-hn-cm-a-im-kvXn-Iƒ

3. Zptcym-[-\-h[w (C∞w ihn®p ]c-am¿∞w \n\®p ]c.….. " F∂ ZfiIw XpS-

ßn-"Ir-jvW -! \n-ßƒ sNbvsXms°bpw am\n®p.….. " F∂ Nc-Wm-h-km\w hsc)

˛ hbkvIc Bcy≥ \mcm-b-W≥ aq v.

4. XmS-Im-h[w (B-dv, Ggv, F´p cwK-ßƒ) ˛ hn.-Ir-jvW≥ Xºn

5. IptN-e-hr-Øw(-[mXn \n¿÷-c-h-cy-\m-fl-a-ln-jn-ap-ss‡h bmXmw \nPw.….. " F∂ t«mIw XpSßn “aXn-apJn aa \mtY.….. " F∂ Nc-Wm-e-kmew hsc) ˛

apcn-ßq¿ i¶-c≥t]m‰n

6. A¿÷p\ hnjm-Z-hrØw ( aq∂p,-\m-ep, A©p cwK-ßƒ) ˛ ]n.-cm-P-ti-J-c≥ (]kn-

≤n-I-cWw ˛ hmtg-¶S Ip©p-\m-b¿ kvamc-I-k-an-Xn, Imd¬a-Æ)

klm-bI KŸ-ßƒ

1. A`n-\-b-Z¿∏Ww ˛ tUm.-hn.-F-kv. i¿Ω.

2. AjvS-I-emiw ˛ Abva\w IrjvW-ss°-aƒ

3. B´-°Y As√-¶n¬ IY-Ifn ˛ ]n.-Ir-jvW-\m-b¿

4. B´-°Ym kmlnXyw ˛ Abva\w IrjvW-ss°-aƒ

5. IY-I-fn-cwKw ˛ sI.-]n.-F-kv.-ta-t\m≥

6. IY-I-fn- ˛ ]n.-A∏p°p´≥ \mb¿

7. IY-I-fn- F∂ Ie ˛ sI.-F.-]n.-ta-t\m≥

8. IY-I-fn- hn⁄m-\-tImiw ˛ Abva\w IrjvW-ss°-aƒ

9. IY-I-fn-bm´-]-Imcw ˛ sI.-]n.-F-kv.-ta-t\m≥

10. IY-I-fn- thjw ˛ Iem. ]fl-\m-`≥\m-b¿

11. \mSy-imkvXw ˛ `c-X≥( hymJym-\w˛ sI.-]n.-\m-cm-bW ]njm-tcm-Sn)

12. ae-bm-f-apZ ˛ Zriy-imhy Ie-Iƒ ˛ hn.-I-em-[-c≥


skaÃ¿ 3 Ce-IvSohv tImgvkv (MAL3 E 11(a)) sIUn-‰v-˛4

ae-bmf \mSIw thZnbpw kmln-Xyhpw

ae-bmf\mSIthZnbptSbpw kmln-XyØnt‚bpw DZ-b-hn-Im-k-ß-fmWv ChnsS ]Tn-

°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. tIc-fØnse cwK-I-e-Isf°pdn®pw \mtSmSn \mS-I-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw ]cn-N-b-

s∏-´-tijw tIc-f-Ønse ]apJ \mS-I-]-ÿm-\-ß-sfbpw Ah-bpsS khn-ti-j-X-I-

sfbpw A]-K-Yn-°p-∂p. kwKo-X-\m-SI ]ÿm-\w, ]iv\ \mS-I-ßƒ, tkmt±iy \mS-I-

ßƒ, ]co-£W \mS-I-ßƒ, X\Xv \mS-I-ßƒ, ka-Im-en-I-\m-S-I-ßƒ XpS-ßn-bh ]T-\-

]-cn-[n-bn¬ hcpw.

hni-Z-]-T\w

bqWn-‰v-˛1

Im°m-cn»n \mS-Iw-˛-cm-Pm-hm-cy¿(-F.-Un)

apSntb‰v ˛ tUm.-kn.-B¿.-cm-P-tKm-]m-e≥

Imd¬am≥N-cnXw ˛ Nhn´p \mSIw

bqWn-‰v-˛2

kZm-cma ˛ sI.-kn.-tI-i-h-]n≈

]m°-\m¿ NcnXw ˛ hnZzm≥ ]n. tIfp-\m-b¿

_n.-G.-am-bmhn ˛ kn.-hn.-cm-a≥]n≈

bqWn-‰v-˛3

`·-`-h\w ˛ F≥.-Ir-jvW-]n≈

kaXzhmZn ˛ ]pfn-am\ ]c-ta-iz-c≥]n≈

sXmgn¬ tIμ-Øn-tebv°v ˛ (Hcp kwLw)

1128-˛¬ ssIw 27 ˛ kn.-sP.-tXm-a-kv.

bqWn-‰v-˛4

\nß-sfs∂ IΩyq-Wn-Ãm°n ˛ tXm∏n¬ `mkn

\o a\p-jys\ sIm√-cpXv ˛ Fw.-tKm-hn-μ≥

tImkv s_¬‰v ˛ F≥.-F≥.-]n≈

tkmI-´okv ˛ ]n.-sP-.B‚Wn

krjvSn ˛ sI.-Sn.-ap-l-ΩZv

IdpØ ssZh-sØ-tØSn ˛ Pn.-i-¶-c-∏n≈

Ah-\-h≥I-Sº ˛ Imhmew \mcm-b-W-∏-Wn-°¿

IpSp° ˛ ]n.-Fw.-XmPv

bqWn-‰v-˛5

c‡-_en ˛ Sn.-Fw.-F-_lmw

kw`m-j-W-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ Ah-\pw-A-hfpw ˛k-Xojv sI.-k-Xojv

acw-s]-øp∂p ˛ F.-im-¥-Ip-am¿

Nne-t∏mƒaoc Nne-t∏mƒ kaoc ˛ d^o°v awK-e-t»cn

Ieym-W-kmcn ˛ ioP.

klm-bI KŸ-ßƒ

1. ssIc-fn-bpsS IY ˛F≥.-Ir-jvW-]n≈

2. ae-bmf \mSI kmlnXyNcnXw ˛ Pn.-i-¶-c-]n≈

3. \mSIw IÆns‚ Ie ˛ Sn.-]n.-kp-Ip-am-c≥

4.- \m-SI Z¿i\w ˛ Pn.-i-¶-c-]n≈

5. \m-SI Ah-X-cWw ˛ F.-Un)Pn.-i-¶-c-]n≈

6. t^mIvtem¿ ˛ cmL-h≥ ]ø-\mSv

7. tIcf t^mIvtem¿ ˛ (F.-Un)cmL-h≥ ]ø-\mSv

8. tXm‰w ]m´v ˛ Pn.-i-¶-c-]n≈

9. tIcf kmlnXyNcnXw ˛ D≈q¿

10. tIc-f-Ønse \tSmSn \mS-I-ßƒ ˛ tUm.-F-kv.-sI.-\m-b¿

11. \mtSmSn Zriy-I-em-kq-NnI ˛ tIc-f-kw-KoX \mS-I-A-°m-Zan

12. B´-°Ym kmlnXyw ˛ Abva\w IrjvW-ss°-aƒ

13. aqSn-tb‰v ˛ kn.-B¿.-cm-P-tKm-]m¬

14. tIc-fo-b-X-bpsS \m´-dn-hv(-F√m e°-hpw) ˛ kn.-B¿.-cm-P-tKm-]m¬

15. Im°m-cn»n \mSIw ˛ (F.-Un) cmPm-h-cy¿

16. s]mdm´v \mSIw ˛ Pn.-`m¿§-h≥]n≈

17. sXcphp \mSIw ˛ F≥.-B¿.-Km-a-]-Imiv

18. cwK-`mj ˛ hb-em-hm-kp-tZ-h≥ ]n≈

19. ]co-£-W-]-h-W-X-Iƒ ae-bm-f-\m-S-I-Øn¬ ˛ tUm.-F¬.-tXm-a-kvIp´n

20. \h-\m-´-c-ßn-s\m-cm-´-]-Imcw ˛ tUm.-F¬.-tXm-a-kvIp´n

21 \mS-I-i-_vZ-tImiw ˛ tUm.-Sn.-]-hn-X≥

22World Theatre - Alladyee Nicoll

23 Folk Life - Richard M Doeson

24 The Theory of Modern stage - Eric Bently

25. History of Greek and Roman Theatre - Bicher Margerette

26. The Theatre through Ages - CleaverJames

27. Folk Plays and Dances of Kerala - M.D.Raghavan

28. Dictionary of Mythology.Legned and Folklore - Ed marial Leach

29. The Sanskrit Drama - A.B.Keith

30. Religion and theatre - M.L.Varad Pande

31. The Traditional Theatre of Kerala - Dr.C.Rajendran

32. Drama in Rural India - J.C.Mathur


skaÃ¿ 3 Ce-IvSohv tImgvkv 11 Imev]\nI IhnX (MAL3 E 11(b))

sIUn-‰v-˛4

Imev]-\nI Imhy-kn-≤m-¥-sØ-∏‰n hni-Z-ambn a\- n-em-°m≥ DX-Ip∂ coXn-bn-em-

bn-cn-°Ww ]T\w \n¿h-ln-t°-- Xv. a[y-bp-K-ß-fn-sebpw \thm-∞m\ Zi-bn-tebpw

\ntbm ¢m nIv Ime-L-´-Øn-tebpw ]m›mXy kmln-Xy-Øns‚ kmam-\y-kz-cp]w Kln-®-

tijw sdmam‚n-kn-k-Øns‚ D¤-hhpw hf¿®bpw hy‡-ambn a\- n-em-°-Ww. Imev]-

\nI]h-WX Fßs\ ae-bm-f-km-ln-Xy-Øn¬ ]Xy-£-s∏-´p-sh∂pw AXns‚ ]cn-Wm-a-

Zi Fßs\bmbn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw Adn-™n-cn-°-Ww.

bq\n-‰v H∂v ˛]ÿm\ e£-W-ßƒ

Imev]-\nIX F∂ at\m-`m-hw, Imev]-\nIXIƒ, ¢m n-kn-khpw sdmam‚n-kn-k-

hpw, sdmam‚nIv LS-I-ßƒ, ]h-W-X-Iƒ, sdmam‚n-knkw Hcp ]ÿm-\-sa∂ \ne-bn¬

bq\n‰v c- v ˛ Imev]-\nIhnj-b-ßƒ

Imev]-\nI kv]¿iw, t]aw ˛ ]Ir-Xn, Imev]-\nI-`m-h-ßƒ, Imev]-\nIXbpw

kaq-lhpw, Imev]-\nI\c-Iw,- sdm-am‚nIv Hu´vsskU¿ (romantic outsider) -Ch-sb-∏‰n

hni-Z-amb ]T\w

bq\n‰v aq∂v ˛ thUvkvh¿Øv,- tImƒdn-UvPv, sj√n,-Io‰vkv

Imev]-\nIhnπ-h-Øns‚ ]›m-Ø-ew, thUvkvh¿Øns‚ Imhy-ssi-en,- Im-hy-

\n¿h-N-\w,- Im-hy-hn-j-bw, Imhy-`m-jbpw Kmao-W-`mjbpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘w, tImƒdn-

UvPv, Iev]-\bpw `mh-\-bpw, P¿Ω≥ Zm¿i-\n-IcpsS kzm[o\w tImƒdn-UvPn¬,- ]m-Y-an-I-

`m-h-\bpw ZznXob-`m-h-\bpw, ]Xn-`-sb-∏‰n tImƒdn-Uv-Pv , Im-hy-`m-j-sb-∏‰n tImƒdn-

UvPns‚ A`n-]m-b-ßƒ , thUvkvh¿Øns‚ hmZ-ßƒ°v tImƒdn-UvPns‚ adp-]-Sn, sj√n-

bp-sSbpw Io‰vkn-s‚bpw Imhy-Nn-¥-Iƒ, Imev]-\n-I-X-bpsS A]-N-bw.

bq\n‰v \mev ˛ ae-bm-f-Ønse Imev]-\n-I-]-ÿm\w

ae-bm-f-Ønse \ntbm ¢m nIv IrXn-Iƒ , Imev]-\n-I-XbpsS ]mcw-`-Z-i, sh◊-

Wn-]-ÿm-\w, ]®-a-e-bm-f-]-ÿm\w, Imev]-\n-I-XbpsS kmaq-ln-I-]-Xn^-e\w, \thm-

∞m-\-]-ÿm-\-ßƒ, cmjvSo-b-]-ÿm-\-ßƒ

hni-Z-]-T-\-Øn\v

1. ae-bm-f-hn-emkw ˛F.-B¿ .cm-P-cm-P-h¿Ω.

2. Hcp hnem]w ˛ hn.kn _me-Ir-jvW-]-Wn-°¿

Bim≥, h≈-tØmƒ, D≈q¿, F∂n-h-cpsS IhnX-I-fn¬ Imev]-\n-IXbpsS hf¿®

hni-Z-]-T-\-Øn\v

3. Imhy-Ie AYhm Ggm-an-μnbw ˛ Bim≥

4. I¿Ω-`q-an-bpsS ]n©p-Im¬ ˛ h≈-tØmƒ

5. A∂pw C∂pw ˛ D≈q¿

Imev]-\n-I-X-bpsS ]pjvI-e-Zi CS-∏-≈n, Nß-ºp-g, ]n.-Ip-™n-cm-a≥ \mb¿ XpS-ßnb

Ihn-Iƒ

hni-Z-]-T-\-Øn\v

6. aWn-\mZw ˛ CS-∏≈n

7. B]q-ame ˛ Nß-ºpg

8. \c-_en ˛ ]n.Ip-™n-cm-a≥ \mb¿.

bq\n‰v 5. \ho\ Ihn-X-bn¬ Imev]-\n-I-X-tbm-Sp≈ kao-]\w

hni-Z-]-T-\-Øn\v

1. kqcy-Im¥n ˛Pn.

2. Aar-X-Ie ˛ ]mem

3. Ip¶p-a-]-`mXw ˛ CS-t»cn

4. sXßn≥ tXm∏n¬ ˛ sshtem-∏n≈n

5. Hm¿°pI h√t∏mgpw ˛ ]n.-`m-kvI-c≥

6. knwlm-k-\-Øn-te°v ho- pw ˛ H.-F≥.hn

7. cmXn-ag ˛ kpK-X-Ip-amcn

8. sIm®p-sXm-Ω≥ ˛ F≥.hn.Ir-jvW-hm-cy¿

klm-bI KŸ-ßƒ

1. Preface to Lyrical Ballads – William Wordsworth

2. Biographia Literaric chapters IV,XII,XIV – S.T.Coleridge

3.A Defence of Poetry – P.B. Shelly

4.English Literary Criticism-The Medieval Phase-JWH Atkins

5.Princeton Encyclopaedia of Poetry &Poetics –Ed. Alex

Premimger (Mediwal Poetics, Renaissance Poetics, Neo- clinical Poetics)

6. The Mirroe and the Lamp – M.H.Abrams

7. The True Voice of faling - Herbert Reed.

8. The Romantic Imagination – C.M. Bpwra

9. Specilations – T.E.Hulme

10. Literary Criticism – A Short History – Wimsalt & Brooks

11. Imagination – Mary Warmock

12. The Declime and Fall of the Romantic Ideal – F.L.Luces

13.Romanticism (The Critical Idiem Series)- Liliam R.Furst

14. The Romantic Agony – Mario Praz

15. On the Discrimination of Romanticisms – Arthur O.Lovejpy

(see Abram’s `English Romantic Poet’s)

16.Imev]-\n-IX ˛ _n.-lr-Z-b-Ip-amcn Cw]n‚v _pIvkv, sIm√w

17. Cw•ojv Imev]-\n-IX I & II. Fw. Z£n-Wm-aq¿Øn, tIc-f-`mjm C≥Ãn-‰yp´v

18. ]m›m-Xy-km-ln-Xy-Z¿i\w ˛ Fw. ANyp-X≥ Id‚v _pIvkv,-Xr-iq¿

19. ]m›m-Xy-km-ln-Xy- XØz-imkvXw ˛ sI.-Fw. Xc-I≥ SPIS tIm´bw

20. C∂-se-I-fnse At\z-jW ]cn-tim-[-\-Iƒ ˛ sI.-]n.-A-∏≥ DC Books

AS-bm-f-ap≈ ]pkvX-I-ß-fnse D≈-S°w hnZy¿∞n-I¬ \∂mbn Kln-®n-cn-°Ww

Fw.-F.ae-bmfw `mjbpw kmln-Xyhpw

aq∂mw ska-Ã¿ tImgvkv 11 Ce-Œohv tImgvkv (MAL3E11(c))

tZio-b-]-ÿm-\-Øns‚ kzm[o\w ae-bmf kmln-Xy-Øn¬ C¥y≥ tZio-b-]-ÿm-\w _lp-ap-J-amb taJ-e-I-fn¬ kzm[o\w sNep-Øn-bn-´p-- v.

cm„ob-˛kmw-kvIm-cnI cwKØpw kmlnXy cwKØpw AXns‚ kzm[o\w hfsc hep-Xm-

Wv. tZio-b-]-ÿm-\-Øns‚ Bhn¿`m-h-tØm-sS-bmWv kzmX-¥y-t_m[w `mc-Xo-b-cn¬

kPo-h-am-b-Xv. CtXm-sSm∏w PmXo-b-X-bvs°-Xn-cmbpw P∑n-Ø-Øn-s∂-Xn-cmbpw P\-ßsf

DZv_p-≤-cm-°m\pw Cu ]ÿm-\-Øn\v Ign-™p. C¥y≥ tZiob ]ÿm-\-Øns‚

]h¿Ø-\-Øn-eqsS `mc-X-Ønepw hninjym tIc-f-Øn-epw D- m-bn-´p≈ ]cn-h¿Ø-\hpw

ae-bmf kmln-Xy-Øn¬ tZiob ]ÿm\w sNep-Ønb kzm[o-\hpw a\- n-em-°m\pw

hnZym¿∞n-I-fn¬ tZi-kvt\-lhpw am\p-jnI aqey-t_m-[hpw hf¿Øm\pw Cu tImgvkv

e£y-an-Sp-∂p.

bqWn‰v 1. tZio-b-]-ÿm-\w ˛ kmam\y hnh-c-Ww. C¥y≥ tZio-b-]-ÿm-\Øns‚ Bhn¿`mhw ˛_n´ojv B[n-]Xyw C¥y-bn¬ ˛

Cw•ojv hnZym-`ymkw ˛ kzmX¥y t_m[w ˛ C¥y≥ \mj-W¬ tIm¨Kkv ˛ C¥y≥

IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿´n ˛ kzmX¥y ka-c-ßƒ ˛ cmPmdmw taml≥ tdmbv ˛ Zbm-\μ kc-kzXn

˛ Bcy-k-amPw ˛ kzman hnth-Im-\-μ≥ ˛ io\m-cm-b-W-Kpcp ˛Awt_-Zv°¿˛ Aø-¶mfn ˛

19mw \q‰m-- nse aX km-aqly ]cn-jvI-cW ]ÿm-\-ßƒ ˛ C¥y≥ tZiob ]ÿm-\-

Øns‚ hf¿®bv°p \¬Inb kw`m-h\.

bqWn‰v 2. C¥y≥ kzmX¥y ka-c-ßƒ°v i‡n]I¿∂ ae-bmf kmlnXyIrXn-Isf Ipdn-®pw

C¥y≥ kzmX¥y ka-cw ]ta-b-ambn hcp∂ IrXn-Isf Ipdn®pw Cu bqWn-‰n¬ ]Tn-

°Ww.

hni-Z-]-T-\-Øn\v

IhnX ˛ \ΩpsS adp-]Sn ˛ h≈-tØmƒ (km-ln-Xy-a-RvPcn Ggmw `mKw)

˛ Hcp ]nSn s\√n° ˛ CS-t»cn

˛ sa°m-sf-bpsS aIƒ ˛ ]n. Ip™n-cm-a≥ \mb¿ (]-]-©w)

˛ tI-c-f-Km\w ˛ t_mt[-iz-c≥

t\mh¬ ˛ tIc-f-knwlw ˛ k¿Zm¿ sI.-Fw. ]Wn-°¿

IY ˛ kzmX¥y Zml-°mcn ˛ sI. kc-kzXn AΩ

˛ `mc-X-amX ˛ ssh°w apl-ΩZv _jo¿

bqWn‰v 3 PmXo-b-X-bvs°-Xn-cmb ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ ˛ Abn-tØm-®m-S\ ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ ˛Cucw-

KØv kmln-Xy-Im-c-∑m¿ \¬Inb kw`m-h\Iƒ

hni-Z-]-T-\-Øn\v

IhnX ˛ PmXn-°pΩn ˛ sI.]n Idp-∏≥

˛ Hcp Xnø-°p-´n-bpsS hnNmcw ˛ Bim≥

teJ\w ˛ Imhyw kap-Zm-b-]-cn-jv°-c-W-Øn\v ˛ Fw.sI km\p (A-im-¥n-

bn¬\n∂v im¥n-bn-te°v )

\mSIw ˛ I_o¿Zmkv NcnXw ˛ hnZzm≥ .]n .tIfp \mb¿

bqWn‰v 4 tZiob ]ÿm-\-Øns‚ ]h¿Ø-\-^-e-ambn tIc-f-Øn-ep-- m-bn-´p≈

P∑n-Ø-Øn-s∂-Xn-cm-bn-´p≈ ]t£m-`-ßƒ ˛ P∑nØw ]ta-b-am-bn-

´p≈ kmln-Xy-Ir-Xn-Iƒ

hni-Z-]-T-\-Øn\v

\mSIw ˛ ]m´-_m°n ˛ sI .Z-tam-Z-c≥

t\mh¬ ˛ c- n-S-ßgn ˛ XIgn Inh-i-¶-c-∏n≈

bqWn‰v 5 \thm-∞m-\-]-ÿm\w ˛ kmaq-lnI˛km-ap-Zm-bnI ]cn-jv°-c-W-]-ÿm-\-ßƒ.˛

Fw.-B¿.-_n,- hn.Sn.`-´-Xn-cn-∏mSv , t]wPn XpS-ßn-b-h-cpsS kw`m-h-\-Iƒ

hni-Z-]-T-\-Øn\v

t\mh¬ ˛ A]v^s‚ aIƒ ˛ apØn-cn-tßm´v `h-Xm-X≥ \ºq-Xn-cn-∏mSv

˛ ad°p-S-bv°p-≈nse alm-\-cIw ˛ Fw.-B¿ ._n

Fw.F ae-bmfw `mjbpw kmln-Xyhpw skaÃ¿ 4

tIm¿ tImgvkv 13 ae-bm-f-hym-I-cWw (MAL4C13) sIUn-‰v-˛4

aebmfØnse hymI-c-W-K-Ÿ-ßfpw hymI-c-W-]-T-\-ßfpw ka-K-hm-b-\bv°v hnt[-b-

am°n \ho\hymI-c-W-Nn-¥-I-fp-tSbpw kn≤m-¥ßfptSbpw ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ hne-bn-cp-

Øp-hm\pw hymJym-\n-°m-\p-ap≈ ]m]vXn hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ°v t\Sn-s°m-Sp-°pI , hymI-c-

W-kn-≤m-¥-ß-fn¬ Ah-Km-l-ap-m-°pI , hymI-c-WØn¬ hnti-j-]-T-\-Øn\pw Kth-j-

W-Øn\pw A`n-cpNn hf¿ØpI F∂nh Cu tImgvkv e£y-an-Sp-∂p.

eoem-Xn-eIw , ae-bm-f-`mjm hymI-c-Ww (Kp-- ¿´v) ae-bm-gva-bpsS hymI-c-Ww

(tPm¿÷v amØ≥ ) , tIc-f-]m-Wn-\obw ( G.-B¿ cmP-cm-P-h¿Ω ) , hymI-c-WanXw(ti-

j-Kncn ]`p ) ssIc-fo-i-_vZm-\p-im-k\w (sI.-kp-Ip-am-c-]n≈ ) tIc-f `mjm-hy-I-cWw (

C.-hn.-F≥ \ºq-Xncn ) F∂o hymI-c-W-K-Ÿ-ßfpw kn.-F¬ .B‚Wn , sI. Fw ]`m-I-

c-hm-cy¿ , F≥. F≥ aq Xv , C.-hn.-F≥ \ºqXncn XpS-ßn-b-h-cpsS hymI-c-W]T-\-ßfpw

hni-Z-]-T-\-Øn\p hnt[-b-am°n hymI-c-W-kn-≤m-¥-ß-ƒ cq]-s∏-Sp-tØ- --Xm-Wv.

bqWn‰v 1

1 ae-bm-f-hymI-c-WNcnXw , eoem-Xn-eIw , ae-bm-f-`mjm hymI-c-Ww (Kp-- ¿´v) ae-bm-

gva-bpsS hymI-c-Ww (tPm¿÷v amØ≥ ) , tIc-f-]m-Wn-\obw ( G.-B¿ cmP-cm-P-h¿Ω ) ,

hymI-c-WanXw(ti-j-Kncn ]`p ) ssIc-fo-i-_vZm-\p-im-k\w (sI.-kp-Ip-am-c-]n≈ ) tIc-f

`mjm-hy-I-cWw ( C.-hn.-F≥ \ºq-Xncn ) F∂o hymI-c-W-K-Ÿ-ßfpsS cN-\m-co-Xn ,

kao-]\w ˛ kn.-F¬ .B‚Wn , sI. Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cy¿ , F≥. F≥ aq Xv , C.-hn.-F≥

\ºqXncn XpS-ßn-b-h-cpsS hymI-c-W]T-\-ßfpsS coXn-imkvXhpw kao-]-\-co-Xnbpw .

2 ae-bm-f-Ønse h¿Æ-ßƒ , kzc-ßfpw hyRvP\-ßfpw , Zo¿L-kz-c-ßƒ , kw-

bp‡ kzc-ßƒ , kw-bp‡ hyRvP\-ßƒ , ZnXz-ßƒ , Nn√p-Iƒ , A£-cw, en]n-hy-

hÿ .

3 k‘n : \n¿Δ-N-\hpw h¿§o-I-c-Whpw ˛ \ne-hn-ep≈ h¿§o-I-c-WØnse A]m-I-ßƒ

˛ D®m-c-W-]-c-hpw hymI-c-W]chp-amb k‘n-Iƒ ˛ kam-k-ß-fn-tebpw A\p-]-tbm-K-ß-

fn-tebpw k‘n-Iƒ

4 i_vZw , ]IrXn , tZymXIw , hmNIw , ]Xybw , ]Zw F∂n-h-bpsS \n¿Δ-N-\hpw

h¿§o-I-c-Whpw ˛]-Z-h¿§o-I-cW am\-Z-WvU-ßƒ ˛ ae-bm-f-Ønse ]Z-hn-`m-K-ßƒ ˛

]pXnb ]Z-hn-`m-K-ßƒ cq]-s∏-Sp∂ kml-Ncyw

bqWn‰v 2

\ma-hn-`mKw

1 \maw ˛ \n¿Δ-N-\hpw \ma-hn- mKßfpw ˛ hmIy-Xe hymI-c-WØn¬ \ma-Øns‚

ÿm\w ˛ \ma-tØmSp tNcp∂ D]m-[n-Iƒ .

2 enwK-hy-hÿ ˛ ae-bm-f- enwKhymI-c-WØns‚ ]tXy-I-X-Iƒ ˛ ]pw kvXo enwK-]-

Xy-b-ßfpw ]IrXn -]-Xy-bkwtbm-P\ hyh-ÿ-Ifpw ˛ \]pw-kI enwK ]Xy-b-kw-_-

‘-amb hnhn[ aX-ßƒ .

3 hN\ hyhÿ ˛ ˛ ae-bm-f- hN\hymI-c-WØns‚ ]tXy-I-X-Iƒ˛ GI-Xzhpw _lp-

Xzhpw ˛ kenw-Km-enwK _lp-h-N-\-]-Xy-b-ßfpw ]IrXn -]-Xy-bkwtbm-P\ hyh-ÿ-

Ifpw˛ ]qP-IXzw _lp-P\ [¿Ω-amtWm F∂ hna¿i\w ˛ kwJym-hn-ti-j-Whpw _lp-

h-N-\-]-Xy-bhpw kw_-‘n® hnhn[ hymI-cWaX-ßƒ .

4 ImcIw ˛ hmIy-Xe hymI-c-Whpambn _‘n-∏n®p \n¿Δ-Nn-°pI . ˛ hnti-jW

_‘hpw ImcI _‘hpw XΩn-ep≈ ASn-ÿm\ hyXym-k-ßƒ ˛ ae-bm-f-Ønse Imc-I-

ßfpw Ah-bpsS ]Xy-£o-I-c-Wßfpw- -ImcIhpw hn`-‡nbpw ˛ hn`-‡ym-`mkw ,an-i-hn-

`‡n , kam-k-hn-`‡n F∂n-h-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ hnhn[ aX-ßƒ ˛ Imc-I-ßfpsS B¿∞n-I-

amb h¿§o-I-c-W-Øns‚ ]k-‡n.

5 k¿Δ-\m-a-ßƒ ˛\n¿Δ-N-\hpw -hn-`mKßfpw k¿Δ-\m-a-ßfpsS [¿Ω-ßƒ .

6 kwJym-\m-a-ßƒ

7 hyp¬∏∂ \ma-ßƒ ˛ IrØpw X≤n-Xhpw

bqWn‰v 3

Inbm-hn-`mKw

1 Inb ˛ \n¿Δ-N-\hpw Inbm -hn-`mKßfpw˛ hmIy-Xe hymI-c-WØn¬ Inb-bpsS

]m[m\yw ˛ Inb-tbmSp tNcp∂ D]m-[n-Iƒ .

2 Imew ˛ ae-bm-f-hymI-c-WØnse Ime-hy-hÿ ˛ `qXw ,`mhn , h¿Ø-am\w ˛

]Xy-b-ßfpw]IrXn -]-Xy-bkwtbm-P\ hyh--ÿbpw ˛ A\p-]-tbmK D]m-[n-Iƒ (-Im-

em\p ]tbmKw )

3 ]Im-c-ßƒ ˛ \n¿Δ-N-\hpw ]Imchn-`mKßfpw˛\ntbm-PIw , hn[m-bIw ,A-\p-⁄m-

b-Iw, a‰p ]Im-c-ßƒ ˛]-Imc]Xy-b-ßfpw]IrXn -]-Xy-bkwtbm-P\ hyh--ÿbpw a‰p

D]m-[n-Iƒ

4 AwK-In-bbpw AwKn-In-bbpw ˛ hn\-sb-®hpw t]c-®hpw hn\-sb-® t]c-®ßfpsS D]-

hn-`m-K-ßƒ ˛

5 A\p-]-tbmKw ˛ A¿∞-hn-ti-j-\n¿Ωn-Xn-I-fn¬ A\p-]-tbm-K-hym-I-c-W-Øns‚

km[y-X-Iƒ ˛ A\p-]-tbmK[mXp-°ƒ ˛ A\p-]-tbm-K-ß-fpsS hym]vXnbpw h¿§o-I-c-

Whpw ˛ A\p-]-tbm-KßfpsS LS-\bpw A¿∞-hn-ti-j-ßfpw

6 ]mIv]-tbmKw

7 \ma-[m-Xp-°ƒ ˛ \njv]m-Z\ hyh-ÿ-Iƒ ˛ \ma-[m-Xp-\n-jv]-Øn-bpsS ka-Ime ae-

bmfw

bqWn‰v 4

hnti-jW hn`mKw

1 \ma-hn-ti-jWw ˛ \n¿Δ-N\w ˛ cq]-]-chpw A¿∞-]-c-hp-w LS-\m-]-chpamb ]tXy-I-

X-Iƒ ˛ \ma-hn-ti-jW hn`m-K-ßƒ ˛ kzX-¥hpw hyp¬∏-∂hpw

2 -In-bm -hn-ti-jWw ˛ \n¿Δ-N\w ˛ cq]-]-chpw A¿∞-]-c-hp-w LS-\m-]-chpamb ]tXy-

I-X-Iƒ ˛ -In-bm -hn-ti-jW hn`m-K-ßƒ ˛ kzX-¥hpw hyp¬∏-∂hpw

3 kwJym-hn-ti-j-Whpw Xoh-hm-Nn-Ifpw (h-fsc , Ipsd , Aev]w XpS-ßn-bh )

4 hnti-jW ]Z-kw-ln-X-Iƒ ˛ kw_-‘n-I, B[m-cnIm`mkw , XpS-ßn-b-h-bpsS

hnti-j-W-[¿Ωhpw LS-\bpw ˛ a‰p hnti-jW ]Z-kw-ln-X-Iƒ

5 hmIy -hn-ti-jWßƒ ( F¶n¬, ]t£ XpS-ßn-bh )

6 kamkw ˛ \n¿Δ-N-\hpw kamkhn-`mKßfpw˛`mj-bpsS \n¿ΩmW £a-Xbpw

kamk \n¿Ωn-Xnbpw .

7 tZymX-I-ßƒ ˛ KXn-Iƒ , kap-®-b-ßƒ ˛ LS-I-ßƒ ˛a‰p tZymX-I-ßƒ.

bqWn‰v 5

hmIy-X-e-hym-I-cWw

1 hmIyw ˛ \n¿Δ-N\w˛ hnhn-[-\n-co-£Wßƒ ˛ ae-bmf hmIy-L-S-\-bpsS ]tXy-I-X-

Iƒ ˛ ]Z-I-aw.

2 BJy, BJymXw ˛a-e-bm-f-Ønse BJymX cq]-\n-jv]Øn \bw

3 tIh-e-hm-Iy-ßƒ ˛ ]tbm-P-I-hym-Iy-ßƒ ˛ ]tbm-P-I-cq-]-L-S\ .

4 Imc-I-]-[m\ hmIy-ßƒ ˛ I¿Ω-Wn, I¿Øcn ,IcWw XpS-ßn-bh .

5 \ntj-[-hmIyw ˛ \ntj-[-hmIy hn`m-K-ßƒ˛\ntj-[-]Xy-b-ßfpw a‰p

D]m-[n-Ifpw

6 tNmZy-hmIyw ˛ tNmZy-hmIyßfpsS LS\ ˛ tNmZy-hmIyhn`m-K-ßƒ .

7 eLp-hmIyw ˛ hymt£-]I hymIyw ˛kw-t_m-[-\m-hm-Iyw.

8 AwKn-hmIyw . AwKhmIyw˛ Nq¿ÆnImhmIyw ˛ k¶o¿Æ-hmIyw ˛a-lm-hmIyw

klm-b-I-K-Ÿ-ßƒ

tIc-f-]m-Wn-\obw ˛ G.-B¿ .cm-P-cm-P-h¿Ω .

tIcf `mjm-hym-I-cWw ˛ C.-hn.-F≥ \ºq-Xncn

tIc-f-]m-Wn-\ob`mjyw˛ kn.-F¬ .B‚Wn

ssIc-fo-i-_vZm-\p-im-k\w ˛sI.-kp-Ip-am-c-]n≈.

ae-bm-f-`mjm hymI-c-Ww ˛sl¿Ω≥ Kp-¿´v.

ae-bm-gva-bpsS hymI-c-Ww ˛tPm¿÷v amØ≥.

samgnbpw s]mcpfpw ˛ sI. Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cy¿.

hymI-c-W-hn-thIw ˛ F≥. F≥ aq Xv.

hymI-c-W kao£ ˛ sI. Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cy¿.

hymI-c-WanXw ˛ ti-j-Kncn ]`p

ae-bm-f-`mjm ]T-\-ßƒ ˛FUn . sI. Fw ]`m-I-c-hm-cy¿.

hyh-lm-c-ßƒ ˛ tUm. Sn. ]hn-X≥.

Grammatical theories of Malayalam – K.N.Ezhuthachan . A Premier of Malayallam Phonology – L.V.Ramasami Iyer. Notes on Keralapanineeyam – L.V .Ramaswami Iyer . Studies in Malayalam grammer – K.M. Prabhakara warrior


skaÃ¿ 4 Ce-IvSohv tImgvkv

hnh¿Ø\w ˛ kn≤m-¥hpw ]tbm-Khpw (MAL 4 E 14(a)) sIUn‰v 4

X¿÷pasb°pdn®v ae-bm-f-Ønepw Cw•o-jnepw In´m-\p≈ ssk≤m-¥nI KŸ-ß-

fp-ambn hnZym¿∞n KmV-ambn ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Ibpw Cw•o-jn¬ \n∂v ae-bm-fØn-te°pw

adn®pw X¿÷pa sNbvXv ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-io-e\w t\SpIbpamWv Cu tImgvkns‚

e£yw.

bqWn‰v H∂v

X¿÷pa ˛ \n¿h-N-\-ßƒ ˛ Bcw`w ˛ ]k‡n hyXykvX hn`m-K-ßƒ ˛

hymJym\w / ]cm-h¿Ø\w/]p\:krjvSn A¥¿ `mjm-X¿÷pa /_lp-`mjm

X¿÷pa]q¿W X¿÷pa /`mKnI X¿÷pa˛]cnanX X¿÷pa-Ifpw kaK X¿÷paIfpw

˛X¿÷pa F∂ ]Inb ˛ `mjm-im-kvX-Øns‚ ho£-Whpw X¿÷pabpw ˛ X¿÷pa -

bpsS D]-I-c-W-ßƒ

bqWn‰v c- v:

ka-aqey X¿÷pa (Equivalente Translation) ]mT-k-a-aqey X¿÷pa (Textual Equivalente Translation) hymI-cW ka-aqey X¿÷pa (Grammatical Equivalente Translation) ssieo ka-aq-eyX (Stylistic Equivalente) ka-aq-eyXbpsS A`mhw (Nil Equivalente) cp]-Xp-eyXm X¿÷pa (Formal Equivalente Translation) Ne-\m-flI Xpey-

Xm-X¿÷pa (DynamicEquivalente Translation) b¥ X¿÷pa-bpsS ssk≤m-¥n-Ihpw

]mtbm-Kn-I-hp-amb ]iv\-ßƒ ˛X¿÷pa sh_vssk-‰p-Iƒ ˛ kmam\y]cn-N-bw.

bqWn‰v aq∂v

kmlnXy X¿÷pa-bp-sS- khntij-X-Iƒ

hni-Z-]-T-\-Øn\v

IhnX ˛ s\cp-Z-bpsS Ihn-X-Iƒ ˛ sI. k®n-Zm-μ≥,

hncp∂p h∂ hm°p-Iƒ (FUn) Sn.-]n. cmPo-h≥.

\mSIw ˛ B‚-KWn ˛ kn.-sP. tXmakv

Natugaddika – K.G.Baby Tr. Sherly t\mh¬ ˛ BSns‚ hncp∂v ˛ tbmk ˛ Bim-eX

Saga of Khasakh bqWn‰v \mev

X¿÷pa kn≤m-¥-ßƒ ˛ X¿÷pabpw kwkvIm-chpw ˛ kvXo]£ kao-]-\w, t]mÃv

sImtfm-Wn-b¬ kao-]\w

hni-Z-]-T-\-Øn\v

1. ]cn-`m-jbpw Xmc-Xay kmln-Xyhpw Fw.-Fw.-_-jo¿, F.-Un. NmØ-\mØv

ANyp-X-\pÆn

2. \ho\ X¿÷pa kn≤m-¥-ßsf°pdn®v ˛ F.-]n. B≥Uq-kvIp´n

(F-Un.-P-bm-kp-Ip-am-c≥/kvIdnbm k°-dnb Xm]kw Nß-\m-t»cn )

bqWn‰v A©v

hm¿Ø-Iƒ, ^o®-dp-Iƒ apJ-]-kw-K-ßƒ F∂n-h-bn-te-sX-¶nepw H∂v ae-bm-f-Øn-

te°pw ae-bm-f-Ønse Ipd®p ]g-s©m-√p-Iƒ Cw•o-jn-te°pw X¿÷pa -sN-bvXv ]cn-io-

en-°p-I.

tNmZy-t]-∏-dp-I-fn¬ Ihn-Xm-`m-Kw, ]g-s©m-√p-Iƒ, dnt∏m-´p-Iƒ F∂nh tNmZy-Øn¬

\n¿_-‘-ambpw Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°-Ww.

klm-b-I-K-Ÿ-ßƒ

1. hnh¿Ø-\-Øns‚ `mjm-imkvX `qanI ˛ hn.-B¿.-]-t_m-[-N-μ≥ \mb¿

2. hnh¿Ø\w ˛ ]e teJ-I¿ ˛ tIc-f-`mjm C≥Ãn-Syq´v

3. X¿Pa kn≤m-¥hpw ]tbm-Khpw ae-bm-f-Øn¬ (FUn) P-bm-kp-Ip-am-c≥/

kvIdnbm k°-dnb Xm]kw Nß-\m-t»cn

4. hnh¿Ø-\-Nn-¥-Iƒ (F-Un) .-]-t_m-[-N-μ≥ \mb¿

5. Ip™p-]m-Øp-Ω-bpsS temI-k-©m-cw, Bj-dpsS ae-bm-f-km-ln-Xy-]-T-\-

ßƒ°p≈ A\p-_‘w ˛1

6. ae-bm-fnbpw ]cn-`m-jbpw (B-tem-N-\) Fw.-F≥.-Im-c-t»cn

7. Preface of Me grand dad had an elephant – R.E. Asher. 8. Siting Translation – Tejaswini Niranjana. 9. The art of Translation – Theodore Savory 10. Translation studies - Susan Bassmett 11. Gender in Translation – Shery Simon 12. Translation studies Reader – Ed. Lawrence Venutti 13. Post Colonial Translation : Theory andpractice Ed, Susan Bassnett and Harish Trivedi 14. The Theory and practice of translation – E.A.Nida and C.Taber 15. Translation – Application and Research – R.W.Brislim 16. Homeric Translation – Teory and Practice – Mathew Arnold 17. Translation as Discovery – Suji Mukharji 18. hnh¿Ø-\-Øns‚ ]iv\-ßƒ k¿Km-fl-I-km-ln-Xy-Øn¬ ˛ tUm.-Un.-s_-©-an≥

(kzm-[o-\-Xm-]-T-ßƒ ˛ Id‚p-_p-Ivkv,-Xr-iq¿

19. After Babel - George Steiner


skaÃ¿ 4 Ce-IvSohv tImgvkv 14 ae-bm-f-`m-jm-N-cnXw (MAL 4 E 14(b)) sIUn-‰v-˛4

ae-bm-f-`m-j-bpsS ]q¿Δ-L´w , cq]-h¬°-cWw ,A-\y-`mjm kzm[o-\-ßƒ, ]cn-Wm-a-Øn-

t‚bpw hnIm-k-Øn-t‚bpw hnhn[ L´-ßƒ , kmln-Xy-k-ºØv , am[y-a-kzm-[o\w ,am-\-

Io-I-cWw ,ssk-_¿ ae-bmfw ,a-e-bm-f-`m-j-bpsS £a-Xbpw kzXzhpw , ka-Im-e-a-e-bmfw

,`m-jm- B-kq-X-W-Øns‚ Bh-Iy-IX , en]n-N-cnXw F∂o-hn-j-b-ßfn¬ hnZym¿∞n-I-

fn¬ ka-K-[m-c-Wbpw Kth-j-Wm-`n-ap-Jyhpw hf¿Øn-sb-Sp-°m≥ Cu tImgvkv e£y-an-Sp-

∂p.

bqWn‰v 1

1 Xmc-X-aym-flI `mjm-imkvXw ˛ ]T-\-coXn , NcnXw , kw`m-h-\-Iƒ .

2 Zmhn-U-`m-jm-hym-I-cWw ( dh. Im¬Uz¬ ) , Zmhn-U-`m-jIƒ (B-μ-t\m-hv),

F∂o KŸ-ß-fpsS cN\m coXn ]cn-N-b-s∏-SpI .

3 `mcXw Hcp `mjm-tKmXw ˛ `mc-X-Ønse ][m\ `mjm-tKm-X-ßfpw `mj-Ifpw.

4 Zmhn-U`mjm-tKmXw˛ Zmhn-U-`m-j-I-fpsS s]mXp-kz-`m-h-ßƒ ,]p-jvS-`m-j-

Ifpw A]p-jvS-`m-j-Ifpw ,D-Ø-c-˛-a-[y-˛-Z-£nW Zmhn-U-ßƒ , ae-bm-fhpw

Xangpw

Zmhn-U-`m-jm-hym-I-cWw ( dh. Im¬Uz¬ ) , Zmhn-U-`m-jIƒ (B-μ-t\m-hv),

tIc-f-]m-Wn-\obw ˛]o-TnI , ]q¿Δ-tI-c-f-`mj (sI.Fw .]-`m-I-c-hm-cy¿) F∂o- ]p-kvX-

I-ßƒ ]T-\-Øn\v ASn-ÿm-\-ambn kzoI-cn-t°-- -Xm-Wv.

bqWn‰v 2

1 `mjm-N-cnX ]T-\-ß-fpsS ]k-‡nbpw e£yhpw .

2 `mjm-N-cnX cN\ ˛

* D]m-Zm-\-ßƒ ˛ tZi-N-cnXw , `mjm-h-kvXp-X-Iƒ ( imk-\-ßƒ , KŸ-h-

cn-Iƒ , kmlnXyw , hymI-I-cWw , HutZym-KnI tcJ-Iƒ , ]X-ßƒ , `mjm-]-T-\-ßƒ

XpS-ßn-bh ) , kmlnXy ]h-W-X-Iƒ , kmaq-lnI `mjm- hkvXp-X-Iƒ kmln-Xy-c-N-\-

Ifpw HutZym-KnI tcJ-Ifpw `mjm-c-N-\°v D]-bp-‡-am-°p-tºmƒ i≤n-t°- hnj-b-

ßƒ .

* A]-K-Y-\-co-Xn-Iƒ ˛ GI-Im-enI _lp-Im-enI ]T-\-co-Xn-Iƒ , B¥-c-

]p\:krjvSnbpw _mly-]p\:krjvSnbpw .

3 ]q¿Δ-tI-c-f-`mj (sI.Fw .]-`m-I-c-hm-cy¿). The Evolution of Malayalam Morphology ( LVR ) , The Evolution of Malayalam (A.C. Sekhar ) , Language of Middle Malayalam (Puthusseri Ramachandran ) F∂o KŸ-ß-fpsS cN\m coXn ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-I.

4 ae-bmf `mj-bpsS cq]-h¬°-cWw .

* `mtj-X-c-amb ASn-ÿm-\-ßƒ ˛ tZi-N-cnXw , kwkv°mcw , A\y-

kw-kv°m-c-kzm-[o-\-ßƒ XpS-ßn-bh.

* `mjm]-c-amb ASn-ÿm-\-ßƒ ˛ae-bmf `mj-bpsS cq]-h¬°˛-

cWhpambn _‘-s∏´ hnhn[ aX-ßƒ ˛ kwkvIr-X-P-\y-hm-Zw,

kzX-¥-hmZw ,D]-im-Jm-hmZw ,an-i-`m-jm-hmZw ,]q¿Δ-X-angv ae-bm-f-

hmZw, \nco-£-W-ßfpw D]-Z¿i-\-ß-fpw.

* ae-bmfw F∂ t]cns‚ BKaw .

5 ae-bm-f-Øn¬ kw`-hn® \h-]-h¿Ø-\-ßƒ

tIc-f-]m-Wn-\obw ˛]o-TnI , ]q¿Δ-tI-c-f-`mj (sI.Fw .]-`m-I-c-hm-cy¿) samgnbpw

s]mcpfpw (ae-bmf `mj-bpsS cq]-h¬°-cWw ˛h-kvXp-X-Ifpw hni-Zo-I-c-W-ßfpw F∂

teJ\w ˛sI.Fw .]-`m-I-c-hm-cy¿ ) F∂o- ]p-kvX-I-ßƒ ]T-\-Øn\v ASn-ÿm-\-ambn

kzoI-cn-t°-- -Xm-Wv.

bqWn‰v 3

1 ae-bm-f-`mjm]cn-Wm-a-L-´-ßƒ ˛ tIc-f-]m-Wn\n , F¬.-hn.-cm-a-kzm-an-A-ø¿ ,

]`m-I--c-hm-cy¿ F∂n-h-cpsS \nco-£-W-ßƒ .

2 BZy-Im-e-a-e-bmfw

* imk-\-ß-fn-tebpw ]mNo-\-tc-J-I-fn-tebpw `mj.

* BZy-Ime kmlnXyw ˛cm-a-N-cn-Xw,-]m-No-\-a-Wn-]-hm-f-Im-hy-ßƒ F∂n-h-

bn-se-`mj

* BZyIme KZyw ˛ B´-]-Imcw , Ia-Zo-]nI , `mjm-Iu-S-eobw F∂n-h-

bn-se-`mj

3 IÆ-»-∑m-cpsS Imhy-ßƒ , a[y-Ime Nºp-°ƒ F∂n-h-bn-se-`mj.

4 sNdp-t»-cn-bpsS Imhy-ß-fnse `mj

tIc-f-]m-Wn-\obw ˛]o-TnI , ]q¿Δ-tI-c-f-`mj (sI.Fw .]-`m-I-c-hm-cy¿)

ae-bmfw˛ am‰hpw hf¿®bpw(sI.Fw .]-`m-I-c-hm-cy¿) , `m-jm-N-cnXw

(F-kv.-hn.-th-Wp-tKm-]≥\m-b¿), The Evolution of Malayalam Morphology ( LVR ) , The Evolution of Malayalam (A.C. Sekhar ) , Language of Middle Malayalam (Puthusseri Ramachandran ) F∂o- ]p-kvX-I-ßƒ ]T-\-Øn\v ASn-ÿm-\-ambn kzoI-

cn-t°-- -Xm-Wv.

bqWn‰v 4

1 Fgp-Ø-—≥ ,Ip-©≥\-ºym¿ F∂n-h-cpsS Imhy-ß-fn¬ \n∂v e`y-am-Ip∂

ae-bm-f-`m-j-bpsS khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ .

2 anj\dn ae-bmfw ˛ anj\dnam-cpsS ss__nƒ X¿÷p-a-Iƒ , cN\Iƒ ,

]X-ßƒ, `mjm-]-T-\-ßƒ F∂nh ae-bm-f-`m-j-bn¬ sNep-Ønb kzm[o-\w.

3 Ad_n ae-bmfw ae-bm-f-`m-j-bn¬ sNep-Ønb kzm[o-\w.

4 sshtZ-inI `mjm-kzm-[o\ßƒ ˛ t]m¿´p-Kokv ,U®v , Cw•ojv kwkv°m-c-

ß-fp-tSbpw`mj-bp-tSbpw kzm[o-\wae-bm-f-`m-j-bn¬.

5 ]q¥m-\-Øns‚ Imhy-ßƒ, ]®-a-e-bm-f-]-ÿm-\-Im-hy-ßƒ F∂n-h-bn-eqsS

e`y-am-Ip∂ ae-bm-f-`m-j-bpsS \ho-\-apJw .

6 BZy-Ime ]X-]-h¿Ø\w ˛ hc-samgn P\-Io-b-am-hp-Ibpw \ho-\-K-Zy-`mj

cq]-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp∂ kml-Ncyw.

ae-bmfw˛ am‰hpw hf¿®bpw(sI.Fw .]-`m-I-c-hm-cy¿),km-ln-Xy-N-cnXw ]ÿm-\-ß-fn-

eqsS (F-Un. sI.Fw .tPm¿÷v.) ae-bm-f-km-ln-Xyhpw InkvXym-\n-Ifpw (]n.sP tXma v

) F∂ ]pkvX-I-Ønse " N¿®bpw ]qc-Whpw ' F∂ A\p-_‘w (kvI-dnb k°-dn-b) ,

Ad-_n-a-e-bmfw (k-_o\ dm^n ) F∂o- ]p-kvX-I-ßƒ ]T-\-Øn\v ASn-ÿm-\-ambn

kzoI-cn-t°-- -Xm-Wv.

bqWn‰v 5

1 B[q-\nI ae-bmfw .

* B[q-\nI hnZym-`ymkw ˛ ]mY-an-I,-Zzn-Xob(Primary and Secondary level ) hnZym-`ymk taJ-e-I-fnse `mjm-]-T\w ae-bmf `mj-bn¬ hcp-Ønb ]cn-

h¿Ø-\-ßƒ , D∂-X-hn-Zym-`ym-khpw `mjm-K-th-j-Whpw ae-bm-f-`m-jbv°p

\evInb kw`m-h-\-Iƒ., \nL-- p-°ƒ ,`m-jm-]-T-\-ßƒ ,hymI-c-W-K-Ÿ-ßƒ

F∂n-h-bpsS cN-\-Iƒ hcp-Ønb `mjm-h-t_m-[w.

* \ho-\-km-ln-Xy-c-N-\-I-fpsS ae-bm-f-£-a-X.

* am[y-a-ßƒ ae-bmf `mj-bn¬ hcp-Ønb ]cn-h¿Ø-\-ßƒ ˛am-\-Io-I-c-

Whpw ]X-]-h¿Ø-\hpw , ]X-`mj ,Zr-iy-˛-imhyam[y-a-ß-fnse`mj,

ssk_¿-˛-sam-ss_¬ `mj , hmsam-gn-t`-Z-ß-fpsS A\p-I-a-am-b-

Xn-c-kv°m-c-ßƒ .

2 `mjm Bkq-X-W-Øns‚ Bh-Iy-IX ˛ `c-W-`mj, H∂mw-`mj, t_m[\-`m-j,

hn\n-ab-`mj F∂o \ne-I-fn¬ amXr-`m-jsb ÿm]n-t°-- -Xns‚ Bh-iy-IX

`mjm Bkq-XW hIp-∏ns‚ ]k-‡n, `mj-bpsS \n¿Ωm-W-£-a-Xbpw k¿§m-fl-I-

Xbpw \ne-\n¿tØ-- -Xn-t‚bpw h¿≤n-∏n-t°-- -Xn-t‚bpw Bh-iy-IX

3 a-e-bm-f-`m-j-bpsS £a-Xbpw `mjm kzXzhpw .

4 ae-bmf en]n Ncn-Xhpw en]n ]cn-jv°-cW hnNm-c-ßfpw .

5 ae-bmfw Iºyq-´nßv ˛ ae-bmfw t^m- p-Iƒ , en]y-¥-cW kwhn-[m\w

(transliteration ) ,

B[q-\nIkm-ln-Xy-N-cnXw (F-Un. sI.Fw .tPm¿÷v,F≥ kmw), sXfnhpw shfnhpw

(sI.Fw .]-`m-I-c-hm-cy¿) ]X-`mj ( tIcf `mjm C≥Ãn-‰yq´v ) , Fßs\ tªmKmw (

_m_p-cmPv ,Un.-kn.-_pIvkv ) en]n-Ifpw am\-h-kw-kv°m-chpw (sI.-F. Peo¬ ) F∂o- ]p-

kvX-I-ßƒ ]T-\-Øn\v ASn-ÿm-\-ambn kzoI-cn-t°-- -Xm-Wv.

klm-bI KŸ-ßƒ

Zmhn-U-`m-jm-hym-I-cWw ( dh. Im¬Uz¬ )

Ad-_n-a-e-bmfw (k-_o\ dm^n )

B[q-\nIkm-ln-Xy-N-cnXw (F-Un. sI.Fw .tPm¿÷v,F≥ kmw)

Fßs\ tªmKmw ( _m_p-cmPv ,Un.-kn.-_pIvkv )

sXfnhpw shfnhpw (sI.Fw .]-`m-I-c-hm-cy¿)

]X-`mj ( tIcf `mjm C≥Ãn-‰yq´v )

en]n-Ifpw am\-h-kw-kv°m-chpw (sI.-F. Peo¬ )

ae-bmfw˛ am‰hpw hf¿®bpw(sI.Fw .]-`m-I-c-hm-cy¿)

km-ln-Xy-N-cnXw ]ÿm-\-ß-fn-eqsS (F-Un. sI.Fw .tPm¿÷v.)

]q¿Δ-tI-c-f-`mj (sI.Fw .]-`m-I-c-hm-cy¿)

ae-bmfw˛ am‰hpw hf¿®bpw(sI.Fw .]-`m-I-c-hm-cy¿)

Fgp-Øn-S-ßƒ ˛ tUm. Sn .]-hn-X≥.

`m-jm-N-cnXw (F-kv.-hn.-th-Wp-tKm-]≥\m-b¿)

tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnImk ]cn-Wm-a-ßƒ ( CfwIpfw Ip™≥]n≈ )

tIcf `mjm-hn-⁄m-\obw ( tUm.sI tKmZ-h¿Ω )

]m´pw aWn-]-hm-fhpw (Fw .Fw .]p-cp-tjm-Ø-a≥ \mb¿ )

`mjm-]-cn-Wmaw kn≤m-¥-ßfpw hkvXp-X-Ifpw ( Xncps\√q¿ Icp-Wm-I-c≥)

ae-bm-f-Ønse ]c-Iob ]Z-ßƒ ( ]n.-Fw. tPmk^v )

anj-\dn ae-bm-f-K-Zy-am-Xr-I-Iƒ ( kmap-h¬ Nμ-\-∏≈n )

ssk_¿a-e-bmfw ( kp\o-X.-Sn.-hn.)

ae-bmf `mjm-N-cnXw ( sI cXv\Ω )

ae-bm-f-km-ln-Xyhpw InkvXym-\n-Ifpw (]n.sP tXma v )

Zmhn-U-`m-jm-imkvX ]T-\-ßƒ (sI.Fw .]-`m-I-c-hm-cy¿)

The Evolution of Malayalam Morphology ( LVR ) The Evolution of Malayalam (A.C. Sekhar ) Language of Middle Malayalam (Puthusseri Ramachandran )


tImgvkv 14 Ce-IvSohv Xmc-X-ay-km-lnXyw (MAL 4 E 14 ( c) ) sIUn‰v 4

kmwkv°m-cnI-\n-e-]m-Sp-I-fpsS krjvSn-bn¬ kmlnXyw hln-°p∂ ]¶v Gdn-h-cp∂p F∂-

Xp-sIm- v Xs∂ Xmc-X-ay-km-ln-Xy-Øn\v ]k‡n h¿≤n-®n-cn-°-bmWv .AXpsIm- v

`mj ,kaqlw ,tZiw ,cmjvSw F∂n-h-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ hyXy-kvXX ]pe¿Øp∂

kmln-Xy-]-h-W-X-Isfbpw ]ÿm-\-ß-sfbpw Fgp-Øp-Im-tcbpw IrXn-I-tfbpw Xmc-X-ay-

s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-- p≈ ]T\w ]k-‡-am-Ip-∂p. Xmc-X-ay-km-lnXyw s]mXp-thbpw `mc-Xob

kao-]\w hnti-jn®pw ]Tn-t°-- -Xp- v .Xm-c-X-ay-km-ln-Xy-kn-≤m-¥-]-T-\-tØm-sSm∏w

hnti-j-]m-T-ßsf Bkv]-Z-am-°n-bp≈ ]T-\hpw thWw .A-ta-cn-°≥ bqtdm-]y≥ `mj-I-

fn¬ \n∂p≈ IrXn-I-sfbpw CX-c-`mc-Xob `mjIfnse KŸ-ßsfbpw ae-bm-f-`m-jm-Ir-

Xn-I-fp-ambn Xmc-X-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m- v hni-Z-]-T\w Bh-iy-am-Wv. t\mh¬ ,I-hnX ,B-

fl-IY ,\m-SIw F∂okmln-Xy-]-ÿm-\-ß-fnse IrXn-I-fmWv Xmc-X-ay-Øn-\p-th- n

sXc-s™-Sp-Øn-´p-≈Xv .

bqWn‰v 1

Xmc-Xay kmlnXyw ˛\n¿Δ-N\w ˛]-k‡n ˛hn-j-b-hym]vXn ˛N-cnXw ˛kn-≤m¥w ˛km-

am\yw ˛`m-c-Xobw ˛ Xmc-Xay kmlnXy]T\w ˛`m-c-Xobkao-]\w ˛Xmc-Xay kmlnXyhpw

hniz kmln-Xyhpw ˛Xmc-Xay kmlnXyØns‚ ]pXp-temI ]cn-t]£yw ˛kzm-[o-\Xm

]T\w ˛]-Xy£ kzm[o-\-X-˛-k-am-\-X.

hni-Z-]-T-\-Øn\v * ˛kzm-[o-\Xm ]T\w.(Influence Study ) bbmXn ˛ hn.Fkv .J-WvtU-°¿

C\n Rm≥ Dd-ßs´ ˛ ]n.sI ._m-e-Ir-jvW≥

bqWn‰v 2

A\p-hm-Z\w ˛hn-h¿Ø\w ˛ Xmc-X-ay-km-ln-Xy-Øn¬ hnh¿Ø-\-Øns‚ ]k‡n

.]-cn-`m-jbpw Xmc-X-ay-]-T-\hpw .

hni-Z-]-T-\-Øn\v * hnh¿Ø-\]T\w (Translation study ) taL-k-tμiw ˛ hnh : Xncp-\-√q¿ Icp-Wm-I-c≥

aZn-tcm-’hw ˛ hnh : Nß-ºpg

bqWn‰v 3

cq]-\n-jvT-ambXmc-X-ay-]-T-\w ˛ kmln-Xy-cq-]-ß-fpsS hn`-P-\hpw h¿§o-I-c-W-

hpw˛ cq]-]-cn-Wmaw ˛cq-]-an-iWw ˛cq-]-\n-jvT-amb kmPmXysshPmXy-ßƒ.

hni-Z-]-T-\-Øn\v * cq] ]T\w (Genre Study ) tIcf imIp-¥fw ˛ B‰q¿

sImSp-¶m‰v (sS-ºÃv ) ˛ hnh : amS-t»cn am[-h-hm-cy¿.

bqWn‰v 4

]ta-b-]-T\w ˛ ]ta-b-k-am-\X ˛]-ta-bm-h¿Ø\w

]ta-b-kzo-I-c-W-Øn¬ ]I-S-am-Ip∂ sshb-‡n-IX ˛ kmaq-lnI Xe-ßƒ ˛

]-ta-b-hn-`-P\w ˛ tam´o^v , anØv.

hni-Z-]-T-\-Øn\v * ]ta-b-]-T\w (Thematic Study) Bc-WyIv ˛ hn`qXn `qj¨

hnj-I-\yI ˛ Fkv.sI .s]m-‰-°mSv

bqWn‰v 5

]ÿm-\-]-T\w ˛]-ÿm-\-ßfpw L´-ßfpw ˛ kam-\-X-Iƒ ˛hy-Xym-k-ßƒ˛

]ÿm-\-cq-]-h¬°-c-W-Øn-s‚-km-aq-lnI kmwkv°m-cnI ]›m-Øeßƒ.

hni-Z-]-T-\-Øn\v * ]ÿm-\-]-T\w(Movement Study ) amPnIv emt‚¨ ˛ _¿§v am≥ (hnh : sI.-hn. F.-k-aZv )

Ac-ßp-Im-WmØ \S≥ ˛ Xnt°m-Sn-b≥.

klm-bI KŸ-ßƒ

1. Xmc-X-ay-km-ln-Xy-]-T\w ˛ Iºm-c-‰ohv en‰-td-®¿ skmssk‰n

2. Xmc-X-ay-km-ln-Xy]oTnI ˛ tIcf `mjm C≥Ãn-‰yq´v

3. Xmc-Xay kmlnXyw˛X-Øzhpw]k-‡nbpw ˛ s]m^. ]n.-H.-]p-cp-tjm-Ø-a≥.

4. Xmc-X-ay-km-ln-Xy]am-W-ßƒ˛ s]m^. ]n.-H.-]p-cp-tjm-Ø-a≥.

5. Xmc-X-ay-km-ln-Xy]cn-Nbw ˛ tUm.-Nm-Ø-\mØv ANyp-X-\p-Æn.

6. Xmc-X-ay-km-ln-XyNn¥ ˛ tUm. Fw.-F≥. Imc-t»-cn.

7. `mc-Xo-b-kmlnXyNcnXw ˛ (kºm:) tUm.-sI.-Fw. tPm¿÷v

8. hnh¿Ø-\-Nn-¥-Iƒ ˛ tUm.-hn. B¿. ]t_m-[-N-μ≥.

9. Comparative Literature Theory Practice - AmiyaDev ,Sisilkumar 10. Studies in Comparative Literature - Ed: dr. k. Ayyappappanikkar & Beranard Fenn. 11. Studies in Comparative Literature- Correct Approach - ChandraMohan 12. Comparative Literature Concepts – Themes & movements - Raveendra Mohan.

Fw.F ae-bmfw `mjbpw kmln-Xyhpw skaÃ¿: 4.

tImgvkv 15 Ce-IvSohv t\mhepw sNdp-I-Ybpw(MAL 4 E 15 (a))

sIUn-‰v-˛4

ae-bmf t\mh-en-s‚-bpw,-sN-dp-I-Y-bp-sSbpw DZv`h hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-ßƒ ˛ Imen-I-]-h-W-

X-Iƒ-˛-]u-c-kvXy-˛-]m-›mXy kzm[o-\-X-Iƒ ˛ cN-\m-]-c-amb kt¶-X-ßƒ- ˛cN\mX¥-

ßƒ˛cq-]-Øn-epw,- `m-h-Ønepw Bhn-jv°-c-W-Ønepw kw`-hn® am‰-ßƒ ˛ \qX\ ]co-£-

W-ßƒ-˛-k-a-Im-en\ t\mh¬-˛-sN-dp-IYm ]ÿm-\-ß-fpsS kz`mhw kq£va-ambn ]Tn-°m-

\p-]-I-cn-bv°p∂ ]mTy-]-≤-Xn-bmWv ChnsS kwhn-[m\w sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂Xv

`mc-X-Ønse IYm-]m-c-º-cy-hpw, BJym\ kt¶-X-ßfpw sshtZ-inI `mjI-fn¬ t\mh¬-

˛-sN-dp-I-Ybv°v ssIh∂ hnIm-khpw hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ ]cn-N-b-s∏-´n-cn-bv°vWw. ]mXn-

\n[y kz`m-h-ap≈ t\mh-ep-I-fpw, IY-Ifpw hnti-j-\n-cn-£-W-Øn-\mbn \¬In-bn-cn-bv°-

∂p. ae-bmf t\mh¬-˛-sN-dp-IYm hn`m-K-ß-fpsS hnImk ]cn-Wm-a-L-S-\-I-fn¬ B\p-Im-

en-I-ßƒ hln® ]¶pw, CX-c -`m-c-Xob `mj-I-fnse sNdp-IYm kmln-Xy-Øns‚ hnIm-

khpw hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ a\- n-em-°n-bn-cn-°Ww

Cu ]mTy-]-≤y-Xn-sIm- v c- p Imcy-ß-fmWv e£y-am-°p-∂Xv:

H∂v: ae-bmf t\mh¬-˛-sN-dp-I-Ym-km-ln-XysØ°pdn®v ka-K-amb Adnhv hnZym¿∞n-

Iƒ°p-- m-hp-I.

c- v: Bkzm-Z-\w, A]-K-Y-\w, hne-bncp-Ø¬ F∂n L´-ß-fn-eqsS kzX-¥-amb k¿§m-

flI ]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn-tebv°v hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ°v IS∂p sN√p-hm-\p≈ Ah-kcw kwPm-X-

am-°p-I.

bqWn‰v: H∂v: t\mh-en-s‚-bpw, sNdp-I-Y-bp-sSbpw DZv`h ]›m-Ø-ew-˛-t\m-h¬-˛-sN-dp-

IYm kmln-Xy-cp-]-ß-fpsS ASn-th-cp-Iƒ˛sI-´p-I-Y-Iƒ-˛-]-©-X-¥w-˛-Cu-tkm-∏p-I-Y-Iƒ-˛-

Pm-XI IY-Iƒ-˛-I-Ym-k-cnXv kmK-cw˛ Zi-Ip-am-c-N-cn-Xw-˛-F-Ivkw-ª (Exempla),^m-ªn-

tbmkv(Fabliause)-Ad-_n-°-Y-Iƒ-˛-U-°m-a-d¨ IY-Iƒ-˛B-Jym-\-co-Xn-Iƒ-˛-Cw-•o-jv,

]©v,A-ta-cn-°≥,-d-jy≥,-P¿Ω≥,-Pm-∏-\o-kv,-em-‰n-\tacn°≥ sNdp-I-Y-I-sf-°-dn-®p≈

kmam-\y-]-cn-⁄m-\w,-sdm-am≥kv,-t\m-h-s√,-]n-°m-dkvIv F∂n kt¶-X-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈

[mc-W. ka-Im-enI Pohn-X-Øns‚ NnXo-I-cWw Dƒs°m-≈p∂ ]uc-kvXy-˛-]m-

›mXy]mKv cq]-ßƒ°v t\mh-ep-am-bp-≈-_‘w Adn™n-cn-°Ww.

bqWn‰v: c- v:

ae-bmf t\mh¬-˛-sN-dp-I-Y-bnse -]m-›mXy kzm[n-\w-˛-a-e-bm-f-Ønse BZy-Ime t\mh-ep-

I-fpw,-sN-dp-I-Y-I-fpw. ankn-kvtIm-fn≥kv, B¿®vUo-°≥tIm-in,-A-∏p-s\-Sp-ßm-Sn, N¥p-ta-

t\m≥,-th-ß-bn¬ Ip™n-cm-a≥-\m-b-\m¿,-aq¿t°m-Øp-Ip-am-c≥,-sI.-kpIamc≥,-kn.-F- v.-

tKm-]m-e-∏-Wn-°¿, AºmSn \mcm-b-W-s]m-Xp-hmƒ, C.-hn.-Ir-jvW-]n≈ XpS-ßn-b-h-cpsS

t\mh¬-˛-sNdp-I-Y-Iƒ ]cn-tim-[n-°Ww

Xmsg-∏-d-bp∂ t\mh¬-˛-sN-dp-I-Y-I-fp-sS-hn-ti-j-]-T\w

t\mh¬:-˛(1) Ipμ-e-X˛ A-∏p-s\-Sp-ßm-Sn

(2) Cμp-teJ ˛ H.-N-¥p-ta-t\m≥

(3) imcZm ˛ H.-N-¥p-ta-t\m≥

sNdp-IY:˛ (1) aZn-cmin ]nØ-em-´w-˛- th-ß-bn¬ Ip™n-cm-a≥ \mb-\m¿

(2) Hcp acW]Xw ˛ aq¿t°m-Øp-Ip-am-c≥,-

(3) HmW-°me-Øp-In-ń-b-k-Ωm\w AYhm Bcm-s‚-Ipń ˛

sI.- kpIamc≥,

(4) Ah-fpsS IY-sb-gpØv ˛ C.-hn.-Ir-jvW-]n≈

(5) HcpbYm¿∞ `mcy ˛ X®ms´ tZh-In-t\-Xym-cΩ

bqWn‰v: aq∂v:C¥y≥ tZio-b-\-thm-∞m-\hpw ae-bmf t\mh¬-˛-sN-dp-I-Y-bpsS hf¿®-

bpw. ]ptcm-K-a\ kmln-Xy-]-ÿm\w ˛ Poh¬ kmln-Xy-]-ÿm\w Pohn-X-bm-Ym¿∞y-

kv]¿in-bmb tkmt±-iy-I-Y-Iƒ ˛ Pohn-X-Øns‚ hymJym-\m-flI kmln-Xy-ambn ae-bmf

t\mh¬-˛-sN-dp-I-Y-Iƒ hf¿∂-Xns‚]cn-WmaNcnXw˛X-Ign,tI-i-h-tZ-hv,- s]m≥Ip-∂w-

h¿°n, Imcq¿, ssh°w apl-Ω-Zv_-jo¿,-D-dq-_v,Fkv.-sI.-s]m-‰-°m-Sv, efn-Xmw-_nIm

A¥¿÷-\w, ]pfn-am\, hn.-Sn.-`-´-Xn-cn-∏m-Sv,sI.k-c-kz-Xn-b-Ω,-Xp-S-ßn-b-h-cpsS cN-\-I-fp-

ambn hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ ]cn-N-b-s∏-ńcn°Ww


t\mh¬:-˛(1) c- n-S-ßgn ˛ XIgn

(2) DΩm®p ˛ Ddq_v

(3) ]mØp-Ωm-bpsS BSv ˛ _jo¿

sNdp-IY:˛ (1) Xl-kn¬Zm-cpsS A—≥ ˛ XIgn

(2) i_vZn-°p∂ Ie∏ ˛ s]m≥Ip-∂w-h¿°n

(3) cm®n-bΩ ˛ Ddq_v

(4) sX‰p-Xn-cp-Ø¬ ˛ sI.k-c-kz-Xn-b-Ω,

(5) hniz-hn-Jym-X-amb aq°v ˛ _jo¿

bqWn‰v: \mev: kuμ-cym-flI/sshIm-cnI t\mh-ep-I-fpw, IY-I-fpw-˛-ssh-b-‡n-I-Po-hn-Xm-

\p-`-h-ßƒ t\mh-ep-I-fnepw IY-I-fn-epw-˛-]-´mf t\mh-ep-Iƒ ˛ IY-Iƒ˛

tImhn-e≥,-]m-d-∏p-d-Øv,-\-¥-\m¿,- Sn.-]-fl-\m-`≥, Fw.-Sn.-hm-kp-tZ-h≥\m-b¿,-

am-[-hn-°p-ń,-F≥.-]n.-ap-lΩZv,- hn.-sI.-F≥ XpS-ßn-b-h-cpsS cN-\-I-fp-ambn hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ

]cn-N-b-s∏-ń-cn-°Ww.


t\mh¬:-˛ (1) \mep-sI´v ˛ Fw.-Sn.-hm-kp-tZ-h≥\m-b¿

(2) XÍw ˛ tImhn-e≥

(3) Hcp-h-gnbpw Iptd \ng-ep-Ifpw ˛ cmP-e£van

sNdp-IY:˛ (1) ]Im-iw-]-c-Øp∂ Hcp-s]Ïpń ˛ Sn.-]-fl-\m-`≥,

(2) Ccp-ńs‚ Bflmhv ˛ Fw.-Sn.

(3) ]£n-bpsS aWw ˛ am[-hn-°pń

(4) A\p-c-RvP\w ˛ tImhn-e≥

(5) sX‰p-Iƒ ˛ cmP-e£van

bqWn‰v A©v : B[p-\n-I-X-bpsS hf¿®-˛-A-\p-`-h-ß-fpsS \qX-\-I-ev]-\-I-fp-sSbpw

A`nkwIaWw t\mh¬˛ sNdp-I-Y-I-fn¬˛ sshb-‡n-I-X-bpsS AXn-]-k-cw˛ AXn-Zp¿K-

l-X˛ AXn-`m-hp-I-Xzw˛ AkvXznXz-hn-Nm-cw- -k-a-Im-en\ kw`-h-ß-fpsS ]Xn-^-e-\w˛

Im°-\m-S≥, Hm.-hn.-hn-P-b≥, Fw.-ap-Ip-μ≥, tkXp,- k-°-dn-b,

Fw.-]n.-\m-cm-b-W-]n-≈,-km-dm-tPm-k-^v,- F≥.-F-kv.-am-[-h≥,- ]n.-h’e,- ]-fl-cm-P≥,-

Sn.-hn.-sIm-®p-_mh XpS-ßn-b-h-cpsS cN-\-I-fp-ambn hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ ]cn-N-b-s∏-ń-cn-bv°vWw.


t\mh¬:-˛ (1)- X-e-ap-d-Iƒ ˛ Hm.-hn.-hn-P-b≥

(2) tIi-hs‚ hnem-]-ßƒ ˛ Fw.-ap-Ip-μ≥

(3) amddmØn ˛ km-dm-tPm-k-^v

sNdp-IYIƒ;˛ (1) Im‰p-]-d-™-IY ˛ ˛ Hm.-hn.-hn-P-b≥

(2) Ae-dp∂ Aÿn-IqSw ˛ k°-dnb(k-emwAtacn° F∂-k-am-lm-cw)

(3) BZn-Nm-Ø≥ ˛ Fw.-]n.-\m-cm-b-W-]n≈

(56 kX-Ken F∂ kam-lm-cw)

(4) hnb¿∏-S-bm-f-ßƒ ˛ km-dm-tPm-k-^v

(Im-Sn-Xp-I-- m-tbm -Im¥m F∂ kam-lm-cw)

(5) iq` kwKo-Xw ˛ Sn.-hn.-sIm-®p-_mh (hn√∑m¿ kwkm-cn-°p-tºmƒ

F∂ kam-lm-cw)

klm-b-I-K-Ÿ-ßƒ: (t\m-h¬)

(1) t\mh¬ ]iv\-ßfpw ]T-\-ßfpw ˛ Fw. ANyp-X≥

(2) amdp∂ ae-bmf t\mh¬ ˛ sI.-]n.-A-∏≥

(3) t\mh¬ ae-bm-f-Øn¬ ˛ XIgn apX¬ apIp-μ≥ hsc ˛ Atim-I≥.sI

(4) t\mh¬ t\mh-en-Ãns‚ ImgvN-∏m-Sn¬ ˛]n.-tI-i-h-tZhv

(5) Fkv.-sI.-s]m-s‰-°m-´v-˛-Po-hn-Xhpw IrXn-I-fpw-˛-]n.-Ir-jvW≥

(6) t\mh-en-Ãns‚ inev]-im-e-˛-Sn.-F≥.-P-b-N-μ≥

(7) Ddq_v : hy‡nbpw kmln-Xy-Im-c-\pw-˛-FUn : tPm¿÷v Ccp-ºbw

(8) .-s]m-s‰-°m-´v : hy‡nbpw kmln-Xy-Im-c-\pw-˛-FUn : tPm¿÷v Ccp-ºbw

(9) 19˛m-w \q‰m-- nse ae-bmf t\mh¬˛tPm¿÷v Ccp-ºbw

(10) ae-bmf t\mh¬ kmln-Xy Ncn-Xw˛ tUm : sI.-Fw.-X-c-I≥

(11) B[p-\nI t\mh¬Z¿i\w ˛ tUm : sI.-Fw.-X-c-I≥

(12) ae-bmf t\mhens‚ thcp-Iƒ˛ Xp-ºa¨ tXmakv

(13) `mhp-IXzw amdp∂p ˛ B¿.-\-tc-μ-]-kmZv

(14) t\mh¬ kn≤nbpw km[-\bpw ˛ ]n.-sI.-_m-e-Ir-jvW≥

(15) t\mh-ens‚ hn`m-K-ßƒ ˛ s\Snbw ho´n¬ _me-Ir-jvW-ta-t\m≥

(16) t\mh-ep-I-fn-epsS ˛ sI.-]n.-i-c-XvNμ≥

(17) A‘-\mb ssZhw ˛ tUm : ]n.-sI.-cm-P-ti-J-c≥

(18) ]Xy-£-h¬I-cWw t\mh-en¬ ˛ hnem-kn\n

(19) t\mh¬kz-cp]w ˛ sI.-kp-tc-μ≥

(20) t\mh¬ kmlnXyw ˛ Fw.-]n.-t]mƒ

(21) The turn of the Novel – Alen Friedman

(22) The 20th Century Novel – J.W.Beach

(23) The craft of the Novel – Colin Wilson

(24) The Novel and the Modern world – David Daichos

(25) The structure of the Novel – Edwin

(26) Aspects of the Novel – E.M. Forster

(27) Character of the Novel – Harvey.W.J.

(28) The Rise of the Novel - Iamwatt

(29) TheArt of the Novel – James Henry

(30) The Modern Novel.Vol.. I – Paulwest

(31) The Living Novel – Pritcherr V.S

(32) The Novel and the people – Ralph Fox

(33) A Guide to the Novel – Richard.M.Eastman

(34) Plot, Story and the Novel – Robert.L. Casenio

(35) The Development of the English Novel – Willbar. L. Cross

(36) The English Novel – Walter Allen

(37) The Theory of the Novel – (Ed:) Philip Stevide

(38) A Treatise on the Novel – Robert Liddell.

(39) Linguistics and the Novel – Roger Fowler

(40) The Growth of the English Novel – Richard Church

(41) Time and the Novel – Mendilow.A.A

klm-b-I-K-Ÿ-ßƒ: (sNdp-IY)

(1) sNdp-IYm ]ÿm\w ˛ Fw.-]n.-t]mƒ

(2) sNdp-IY ˛ C∂se C∂v ˛ Fw. ANyp-X≥

(3) ae-bmfsNdp-IYmkm-ln-Xy-N-cnXw ˛ tUm:Fw.-Fw.-_-jo¿

(4) `mc-Xo-b-km-ln-Xy-N-cnXw ˛ Vol.. 2.FUn.:tUm:sI.-Fw.-tPm¿÷v

(5) ]ptcm-K-a-\-km-ln-Xy]ÿm\w ˛ \nemhpw shfn-®hpw ˛ ]n.-sI.-tKm-]m-e-Ir-jvW≥

(6) tIc-f-Ønse ]ptcm-K-a-\-]ÿm\Øns‚ NcnXw ˛ Fw.-B¿. Nμ-ti-J-c≥

(7) ]ptcm-K-a-\-km-ln-Xyhpw a‰pw ˛ kpIp-am¿ Agn-t°mSv

(8) kmt¶-XnI \ncp-]-W-ßƒ ˛ G. _me-Ir-jvW-]n≈

(9) Iptd-°pSn kmt¶-XnI \ncp-]-W-ßƒ ˛ G. _me-Ir-jvW-]n≈

(10) ImYn-Is‚ ]Wn-∏pc ˛ Fw.-Sn.-hm-kp-tZ-h≥ \mb¿

(11) ImYn-Is‚ Ie ˛ Fw.-Sn.-hm-kp-tZ-h≥ \mb¿

(12) NnX-I-ebpw sNdp-I-Ybpw ˛ Sn.-B¿

(13) cmP-e£van F∂ Fgp-Øp-Imcn -˛ Hcp Iq´w teJ-Iƒ

(14) Imcq¿ ]T\w ˛ FUn: Fw.-Fw.-_-jo¿

(15) s]m≥Ip∂w h¿°n-bpsS IY-Iƒ ˛ cta-iv Nμ≥

(16) Xcnip\n-e-Øns‚ IY-Iƒ ˛ If¿tImSv hmkp-tZ-h≥\m-b¿

(17) Bflmhns‚ apdn-hp-Iƒ ˛ Fw.-tXm-a-kvamXyp

(18) acp-`q-an-Iƒ D- m-hp-∂Xv ˛ Fw.-F≥.-hn-P-b≥

(19) IY-˛-BJym-\hpw A\p-`-h-k-Øbpw ˛ sI.-]n.-A-∏≥

(20) sNdp-I-Y-bpsS Oμ v ˛ hn.-cm-P-Ir-jvW≥

(21) Fw.-Sn.- I-Ybpw s]mcpfpw ˛ (F-Un) Fw.-Fw.-_-jo¿

(22) \ho-\IY ˛ (F-Un) Fw.-Fw.-_-jo¿

(23) IYbpw ]cn-ÿn-Xnbpw ˛ Pn.-a-[p-kp-Z-\≥

(24) F¥mWv B[p-\n-IX ? ˛ Fw.-ap-Ip-μ≥

(25) IYbpw ^m‚-knbpw ˛ h’-e≥ hmXp-t»cn

(26) IYm-¥m-c-ßƒ ˛ tUm: ]n.-sI.-cm-P-ti-J-c≥

(27 FIm-¥-\-K-c-ßƒ ˛ tUm: ]n.-sI.-cm-P-ti-J-c≥

(28) B[p-\nI kmln-Xy-NcnXw ]ÿm-\-ß-fn-epsS ˛ (F-Un) sI.-Fw.-tPm¿÷v

(29) Narrative – A Seminar – (Ed. ) Amiya Dev Kendra Sahitya Acadamy

(30) The Art of Fiction – Henry James

(31) The Lonely Voice – A Study of the short story- Frank.D’Connor

(32) The Rhetoric of Fiction – Wayre,C. Booth

(33) The writers of Fiction – Theodore Goodman

(34) How to write short stories - Thomson

(35) Writers Great short stories – Mas garet Lucke

(36) Hand book of short story writing (Ed Frank.A. Dickson

(37) The craft of Fiction – Percy bubbock

(38) The Art of Fiction – David C odse

(39) American Women short story written Ed: Juilie Brown

(40) The shape of Fiction – Alen Casty.


skaÃ¿ 4

Ce-IvSohv tImgvkv 15 B[p-\nI IhnX(MAL4 E 15(b)) sIUn-‰v-˛4

B[p-\nI ae-bm-f-I-hn-X-sb-°p-dn®v kmam-\yhpw ka-Im-enI Ihn-X-sb-°p-

dn®v khn-ti-j-hp-amb [mcW D- m-°m-\mWv ChnsS Dt±-in-°p-∂Xv. ]_-e-ß-fmb

]ÿm-\-ßsf°pdn®pw ]h-W-X-I-sf-°p-dn®pw ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p-ap-- v. Imev]-\n-I-X,

B[p-\n-I-X, B[p-\n-Im-\-¥cw XpS-ßnb Imhy-]-ÿm-\-ß-fpsS khn-ti-j-X-Ifpw ]Tn-

°-s∏-Sp-∂p. hn]p-e-am-sbmcp taJ-e-bmWv ]Tn-°m-\p-≈sX-∂-Xn-\m¬ ]mXn-\n[y kz`m-h-

ap≈ Nneh amXta Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≈p. ka-Im-en-I-amb Ihn-X-IƒIqSn A[ym-]-I¿

]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-tØ-- -Xp-- v.

bqWn‰v ˛ 1.

Ihn-X-b-ß-sf-∏‰n ]Tn-°p∂p ae-bmf alm-Im-hy-˛JWvU Imhy `mhp-IXzw ]cn-h¿Øn-X-

am-Ip∂ Zi-Isf ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bmWv ]T\ e£yw.

hni-Z-]-T\w:˛

Nn¥m-hn-jvSbmb koX ˛ Ipam-c-\m-im≥

Fs‚ Kpcp-\m-Y≥ ˛ h≈-tØmƒ

t]akwKoXw ˛ D≈q¿

thZw \o hmbn-®n-´pt- m ˛ s]mbvI-bn¬ A∏-®≥

bqWn‰v :˛ 2

ae-bm-f-I-hn-X-bnse Imev]-\nI ]ÿm-\sØ ]cn-N-bs∏Sp-Øp-∂p,-a-e-b-hn-em-kw, Hcp

hnem-]w, IÆp-\o¿Øp≈n XpS-ßnb IrXn-Ifpw ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.

hni-Z-]-T\w

1. hn´-b-bv°pI ˛ _mem-a-Wn-bΩ

2. kmK-c-KoXw ˛ Pn.-i-¶-c-°p-dp∏v

3. ]mSp∂ ]nimNv ˛ Nß-ºpg

4. IpSn-sbm-gn-°¬ ˛ sshtem-∏n≈n

5. a¨Ip-S-Øns‚ hne ˛ ]n.-Ip-™n-cm-a≥ \mb¿

6. Ipcn-in-t\mSv ˛ knÃ¿ tacn-_-\oRvP

bqWn‰v:˛ 3.

Imev]-\n-I-X-bpsS XpS¿®bpw CS¿®bpamWv ChnsS ]Xn-]m-Zyw. Imhy-`m-j-bnepw ]cn-

N-c-W-Ønepw h∂p-tN¿∂ hyXn-bm-\-ßfpw khn-ti-j-X-Ifpw ChnsS ]Tn-°p-∂p.

1. ]qX-∏m´v ˛ CS-t»cn

2. aZn-cm-in-bnse Hcp kmbm”w F≥.-hn.-Ir-jvW-hm-cy¿

3. k¿K-kw-KoXw ˛ hb-em¿

4. Hcp s]m∂m-\n-°m-cs‚ at\m-cmPyw Fw.-tKm-hn-μ≥

6. tIcfw hf-cp∂p ˛ ]mem-\mcmbW≥v\mb¿

7. H∂p-an√ ˛ B¿. cma-N-μ≥

8. k^-e-ao-bmX ˛ F≥.-F≥.-I-°mSv

9. D∏v ˛ H.-F≥.hn

10. IrjvW \osbs∂ And-bn√ ˛ kpK-X-Ip-amcn

bqWn‰v:˛ 4

B[p-\nI Ihn-Xsb ]Tn-°p-∂p. AXns‚ `n∂-ap-J-ßƒ ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.

hni-Z-]-T\w:˛

1.- Ip-cp-t£Xw ˛ Aø-∏-∏-Wn-°¿

2. IS-Ω-\n´ ˛ IS-Ω-\n´ cma-Ir-jvW≥

3. Ch-s\-°qSn ˛ k®n-Zm-\-μ≥

4. sIm®n-bn-sehr-£-ßƒ ˛ sI.-Pn.-i-¶-c-∏n≈

5. Kk¬ ˛ _me-N-μ≥Np-≈n-°mSv

6. Idp∏v ˛ F.-A-ø-∏≥

7. A©n-Xƒ hn\m-bIw ˛ Un.-hn-\-b-N-μ≥

8. XmX-cm-am-bWw ˛ tZi-aw-Kew cma-Ir-jvW≥

9. a\p-jy-]-Z¿i\w ˛ Ipco-∏p-g-io-Ip-am¿

10. cmjvS-X¥w ˛ Sn.-]n.-cm-Po-h≥

11. I- Øn ˛ cmL-h≥ AtØmfn

bqWn‰v:˛ 5

ka-Im-eo\ Ihn-X-bmWv ChnsS ]Tn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. AXy¥w hn]p-ehpw ]Xn-`n-∂-

hp-amWv AXv. Ne-\m-fl-I-amb h¿Ø-am\ Ihn-Xm-a-WvUew IqSn A[y-b-\-Øn¬ Dƒs∏-

Sp-Ømw. ]cn-h¿Ø\w sNø-s∏´ Ihn-X-Iƒ°pw CuL-´-Øn¬ ]mapJyw D- m-hp-∂p-- v.

AXpw A≤ym-]-I≥ ]cm-a¿in-t°-- -Xp-- v.

hni-Z-]-T\w:˛

1. ]- p-]-- n-hnSw ImSm-bn-cp∂p ˛ kn.-F-kv.-P-b-N-μ≥

2. hnev]\ ˛ sk_m-Ãy≥

3. shj-°mb ˛ Fw.-B¿.-tc-Wp-Ip-am¿

4. IYm-tijw ˛ Bim-eX

5. I√v ˛ ]n.-G.-\m-kn-ap-Zo≥

6. \o h∂ \mƒ ˛ Ipgq¿ hn’≥

7. am¿Øm-WvU-h¿Ω Fßs\ c£-s∏´p ˛ sI.-k-Pohv Ipam¿

8. Ce-Iƒ ]m¿∞n-°p-∂p. ˛ inh-Zmkv ]qd-tacn

klm-bI KŸ-ßƒ

Ihn-X-bpsS \q‰m- v ˛ Fw.-F≥.-hn-P-b≥(-F.-Un)

Imhy-Ie Ipam-c-\m-im-\n-eqsS ˛ ]n.-sI.-_m-e-Ir-jvW≥

h¿Æ-cmPn ˛ Fw.-eo-em-hXn

Pn.-i-¶-c-°p-dp-∏ns‚ `mhKoXw ˛ tUm.-Un.-_-©-an≥

Ihn-X-bpw-Im-ehpw ˛ sI.-k-®n-Zm-\-μ≥

IrXn Hcp Irjn-`qan ˛ tUm.-sI.-`m-kvI-c≥\m-b¿

Xnc-kvImcw ˛ sI.-]n.-A-∏≥

Ihn-bpsS Iem-X¥w ˛ tUm.-tZ-i-aw-K-ew-cm-a-Ir-jvW≥

ZfnXv kmlnXyw ˛ tNc-h≈n iin

Nn¥-bn-se-cq-]Iw ˛ hn.-kn.-io-P≥

Imev]-\n-IX ˛ _n.-lr-Z-b-Ip-amcn

Ihn-X-bn-se-\mSpw \K-chpw ˛ tUm.-F.-\pPpw

]cn-k-c-I-hnX ˛ tUm.-F¬.-tXm-a-kvIp´n

IS-Ω-\n-´-bn-te-bvs°mcp \S-∏mX ˛ tUm.-B¿.-kp-tcjv

bph-I-hn-X-°q´w ˛ tUm.-sI.-Fw.-th-Wp-tKm-]m¬(-F.-Un)

\mem-anSw ˛ sI.-k-®n-Zm-\-μ≥ (F.-Un)


Ce-IvSohv tImgvkvae-bm-f- km-ln-Xy-hn-a¿i\w(MAL 4 E 15(c)) sIUn-‰v-˛4

ae-bm-f- km-ln-Xy-hn-a¿i-\-Øns‚ D¬]-Ønbpw hnIm-k-]-cn-Wmaß-fpw-Im-em-\p-I-

a-ambn ]T-\-hn-t[-b-am-°p-I-bmWv CutImgvkns‚ e£yw.]mTy-`m-K-ßƒ AXm-Xn-S-ß-

fn¬ sIm-Sp-Øn-´p-s- -¶nepw ka-Im-en-I-\n-cq-]-W-ßfpw hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ kmam-\y-]-T-\-

Øn\v D]-tbm-Kn-t°-- -Xm-Wv.

bqWn‰v H∂v : Imhy-]-T\w ae-bm-f-Øn¬ ˛ ]mcw-`-Zi

1. eoem-Xn-eIw F∂ kmln-Xy-e-£-W-KŸw ˛ ckw , Imhyw, `mj, KpW-tZm-jm-e-

¶m-cmZn-Iƒ F∂n-h-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ eoem-Xn-eIØnse N¿®.

2. ae-bm-f-Ønse hymJym-\-]m-c-ºcyw ˛ ]mNo-\-a-[y-Im-e-L-´-ß-fn¬ kwkvIr-X-Im-

hy-ßƒ°pw kvtXmX-ßƒ°pw ae-bm-f-Øn-ep-- mb hymJym-\-ßƒ ˛ Ah-bnse

kmln-Xo-b-k-ao-]\w ˛ kmln-Xym≤y-b\w ae-bm-f-Øn¬

3. tIm´-bØp Xºp-cm≥, DÆm-bn-hm-cy¿, Kncn-Pm-I-eym-W-Im-c≥ XpS-ßn-b-h¿ kzIm-

hy-ß-fn¬ Imhye£-Ww, Imhy-kz-cq-]w, Imhy-L-S\ F∂n-h-sb-°p-dn®p \S-Ønb

]cm-a¿i-ßƒ ˛ a[y-Imeae-bm-f-kmln-XyØnse Ihn-I-fpsS Imhy-k-¶ev]w

bqWn‰v c- v B[p-\n-I-hn-a¿i\-Øns‚ Bhn¿`mhw

1. tIc-f-h¿Ω hen-b-tIm-bn-Ø-ºp-cm≥ ˛ `mjmkmln-Xy hnIm-k-sØ∏‰n Ah-Xm-

cn-I-Ifpw \ncq-]-W-ßfpw ]pkvX-Im-`n-]m-b--ß-fpw, ]mk-hm-Zhpw AXn¬ tIc-f-

h¿Ω hln® ]¶pw.

2. ]X-]-h¿Ø-\hpw kmln-Xy-hn-a¿ihpw ˛ kn.-]n.-A-Nyp-X-ta-t\ms‚ kw`m-h\

3. hna¿i\w kmln-Xy-Ncn-X-Øn¬ ˛ Kth-j-Whpw ]T-\hpw \ncq-]-Whpw kmln-

Xy-Ncn-X-Øn¬ ˛ ae-bm-f-Ønse ]Yakmln-Xy-Ncn-Xw ˛ k¿hm-[n-Im-cy-°m¿

tKmhn-μ-∏n-≈-bpsS kmln-Xy-k-ao-]-\w.

hni-Z-]-T\w

1. ZznXo-bm-£-c-]mkw ˛ tIc-f-h¿Ω hen-b-tIm-bn-Ø-ºp-cm≥

2. imcZ ˛ kn.-]n.-A-Nyp-X-ta-t\m≥( kn.-]n.-A-Nyp-X-ta-t\ms‚ kmln-Xy-hn-a¿i\w,

kºm. tUm.-Sn.-]n.-kp-Ip-am-c≥, amXr-`q-an)

3. Xp©-Øp-cm-am-\p-P≥ Fgp-Ø-—≥(-J-WvUnI 374 apX¬ 405 hsc) ˛ `mjm-N-cnXw ˛

]n. tKmhn-μ-∏n-≈-

bqWn‰v aq∂v: \ncq-]-W-Øns‚ hf¿®

1. G.-B-dns‚ \ncp-]Ww ˛ Ah-Xm-cn-IIfpw ]T-\-ß-fpw, kmln-XyØnse KZy

kmln-Xy-XØzw

2. kmln-Xy]©m-\≥ ˛ Poh-N-cn-X-]-chpw ]mWvUn-Xym-[n-jvTn-X-hpam-b-\n-cq-]Ww

3. sI.-cm-a-Ir-jvW-∏n-≈-bp-sSbpw, aq¿t°m-Øp-Ip-am-c-s‚bpw hna¿i-\-ßƒ

4. Ihn-X-b-Øns‚ \ncq-]-Ww.

]mTy-`m-K-ßƒ

1. \fn-\n-bpsS Ah-Xm-cnI ˛ F.-B¿.-cm-P-cm-P-h¿Ω

2. NnX-tbm-K-\n-cq-]Ww I,II ˛ Ipam-c-\m-i≥

3. HSp-hn¬ Ip™p-°r-jvW-tat\m≥ ˛ D≈p¿

4. eoe ˛ Hcp \ncq-]Ww ˛ h≈-tØmƒ

bqWn‰v \mev: ae-bm-f-\n-cq-]-W-Øn¬ sshtZ-inI kzm[o\w

1. tIkcn F. _me-Ir-jvW-]n-≈, Fw.-]n.-t]mƒ, Ip´n-Ir-jvW-am-cm-cv, ap- -t»-cn, Ip‰n-

∏p-g, sI.-`m-kvI-c≥ \mb¿, F≥.-hn.-Ir-jvW-hm-cy¿, kpIp-am¿ Ago-t°m-Sv, Fkv.-Kp-

]vX≥ \mb¿ F∂n-h-cn-eqsS ae-bm-f-hn-a¿i\w B¿÷n® hf¿®.

2. ]ÿm-\w, kt¶-Xw, kuμ-cym-fl-I-X, [¿Ω\n-jvT-X, cq]-`-Z-X, kmaq-ln-I-]-Xn-_--

≤X F∂nh ae-bm-f-hn-a¿i\Øn¬

]mTy-`m-K-ßƒ

1. _mey-Im-e-kJn Ah-Xm-cnI ˛ Fw.-]n.-t]mƒ

2. Bims‚ eoe ˛ Ip´n-Ir-jvW-am-cm-cv

3. kmln-Xy-Ie ˛ ap- -t»-cn (Im-hy-]o-Tn-I)

4. Bims‚ koXm-Imhyw ˛ kpIp-am¿ Ago-t°m-Sv

5. im¥-c-khpw ckm-\p-`q-Xnbpw ˛ Fkv.-Kp-]vX≥ \mb¿

6. IrXn- Hcp Irjn-`qan ˛ sI.-`m-kvI-c≥ \mb¿,

bqWn‰v \mev:

a\x-imkvXw, \c-hw-i-im-kvXw, am¿Ivkn-kw, tamtU-Wn-kw, t]mkv‰v tamtU-Wn-

kw apX-emb ]m›m-Xy-Nn-¥m-[m-c-I-fp-sSbpw ]m›m-Xy-hna¿i\-k-º-Zmbßfp-sSbpw

kzm[o-\-Øns‚ ê-ambn ae-bm-f-km-ln-Xy-hn-a¿i-\-Øn-\p-- mb hf¿®, Fw.-]n.-i-¶p-Æn-

\m-b¿,

Fw.-eo-em-h-Xn, Fw.-F≥.-hn-P-b≥, k®n-Zm-\-μ≥, sI.-]n.-A-∏≥, Bjm-ta-t\m≥, hn.-cm-P-Ir-

jvW≥, _n.-cm-Po-h≥, B¿.-hn-iz-\m-Y≥,hn.-kn.-io-P≥ XpS-ßn-b-h¿ ae-bm-f-km-ln-Xy-hn-

a¿i-\-Øn\p \evInb ]pXnb am\-ßƒ.

]mTy-`m-K-ßƒ

1. klys‚ aI≥ ˛ Fw.-F≥.-hn-P-b≥

2. at\m-hn-⁄m-\obw Ihn-X-bn¬ ˛ Fw.-eo-em-h-Xn (I-hn-Xbpw imkvX-hpw)

3. IΩyqWn-k-Øn¬ \n∂p apt∂m´v ˛ Fw.-tKm-hn-μ≥

4. Xnc-kv°mcw ˛ sI.-]n.-A-∏≥

5. Ipd-Øn- H-c¿∞m-¥-c-\ymkw ˛ hn.-kn.-io-P≥

6. B[p-\n-I-X-bpsS Nph-∂-hm¬ ˛ B¿.-\-tc-μ-]-kmZvv

7. eh-W-tZ-h-X-amcpw Im™n-c-hn-K-lhpw ˛ k®n-Zm-\-μ≥ ( Ihn-Xbpw Imehpw)

8. hoW-]q-hnse Ah¿-W-ò-Xn-Iƒ˛ ]Zo-]≥ ]mºn-c-°p∂v

klm-bI KŸ-ßƒ

eoem-Xn-eIw

tIc-f-km-ln-Xy-N-cnXw hmeyw 1. ˛ D≈q¿

]kw-K-kw-Klw ˛ tIc-f-h¿Ω hen-b-tIm-bn-Ø-ºp-cm≥

]_-‘-kw-Klw ˛ F.-B¿.-cm-P-cm-P-h¿Ω

kmln-Xy-kmlyw ˛ F.-B¿.-cm-P-cm-P-h¿Ω

]mk-hmZw ˛ kºm. tUm.- Fkv.-sI. hk-¥≥

kn.-]n.-A-Nyp-X-ta-t\ms‚ kmln-Xy-hn-a¿i\w ˛ kºm. tUm.-Sn.-]n.-kp-Ip-am-c≥, amXr-`q-

an)

]©m-\-\s‚ hna¿i-\-Xbw ˛ ]n.-sI.-\m-cm-b-W-]n≈

Bim≥ hna¿i-a-Øns‚ BZy-c-ivan-Iƒ ˛ aq¿t°m-Øp-Ip-am-c-≥

KŸ-hn-lmcw ˛ h≈-tØmƒ

tIk-cn-bpsS kmln-Xy-hn-a¿i-\-ßƒ ˛ ]km.-F-kv.-]n.-kn.-F-kv.

Ie PohnXw Xs∂ ˛ Ipń-Ir-jvW-am-cm-cv

ae-bm-f-\n-cq-]Ww C∂se ˛ kºm. Fkv.-Kp-]vX≥ \mb¿

ae-bm-f-hn-a¿iw \º¿ 9

\ncq-]Ww ]pXnb apJw ˛ FUn. B¿. cma-N-μ≥

\ho-\-hn-a¿i\w ae-bm-f-Øn¬ ˛ amºpg A∏p-°p-´≥

B[p-\n-Im-\-¥-c-km-ln-Xy-a-k-ao-]-\-ßƒ ˛ FUn.-kn.-sP.-tPm¿÷v

ae-bm-f-kmln-Xy-hn-a¿i-\w ˛ kpIp-am¿ Ago-t°m-Sv

Imƒ am¿Ivkns‚ Iem-Z¿i\w ˛ k®n-Zm-\-μ≥ (aƒ_-dn)

am¿Ivkn-khpw Iebpw ˛ sI.-F-kv.-\m-cm-b-W-]n≈(aƒ_-dn)

DØ-cm-[p-\n-IX ˛ kn.-_n.-kp-[m-I-c≥

DØ-cm-[p-\n-IX ˛ h¿Ø-am-\hpw hwim-h-enbpw ˛ sI.-]n.-A-∏≥

\h-bp-Kinev]n cmP-cm-P-h¿Ω ˛ cma-N-μ≥\m-b¿

B[p-\n-tIm-Ø-c-X, hni-I-e-\hpw hna¿i-\hpw ˛ hn.-kn.-io-P≥

kmln-Xy-ao-amwk Xmc-X-ay-]-cn-t]£yw ˛ NmØ-\mØv ANyp-X-\pÆn

]mThpw s]mcpfpw ˛ kn.-cm-tP-μ≥

adpXnc ImØp-\n-∂-t∏mƒ ˛ tUm.-hn.-cm-P-Ir-jvW≥

A¥-∏m-bn-bp-sSbpw aq- -t»-cn-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-]-£-]m-X-ßƒ ˛ tUm.-sI. i¶-c-

\pÆn

Fw.-]n. t]mfns‚ kmln-Xy-hn-a¿i\w ˛ tUm.-Fw.-ap-c-fo-[-c≥

B[p-\n-Im-\-¥chnNm-cw, hmb\ ˛ ]n.-]n.-c-ho-μ≥

ae-bm-f-km-ln-Xyhn-a¿i\w ˛ ]n.-hn. them-bp-[≥]n≈

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