Mālama `Āina Kaho`olawe Earth Science Investigations.

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Mālama `Āina Kaho`olawe Earth Science Investigations

Transcript of Mālama `Āina Kaho`olawe Earth Science Investigations.

Page 1: Mālama `Āina Kaho`olawe Earth Science Investigations.

Mālama `ĀinaMālama `Āina

Kaho`olawe Earth Science Investigations

Kaho`olawe Earth Science Investigations

Page 2: Mālama `Āina Kaho`olawe Earth Science Investigations.

Unit Essential Question: How do people affect natural geochemical

cycles…

Unit Essential Question: How do people affect natural geochemical

cycles…

Page 3: Mālama `Āina Kaho`olawe Earth Science Investigations.

…and what can we learn from Kaho`olawe to mālama our island home?

…and what can we learn from Kaho`olawe to mālama our island home?

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How does local geography influence winds and currents, and weather on Kaho`olawe?How does local geography influence winds and currents, and weather on Kaho`olawe?

• Kaho`olawe is in the rain shadow of Haleakalā.

• Strong winds are funneled around Haleakalā across the channel.

• Kaho`olawe is a low island with elevation of only 1,477 feet.

• Kaho`olawe is in the rain shadow of Haleakalā.

• Strong winds are funneled around Haleakalā across the channel.

• Kaho`olawe is a low island with elevation of only 1,477 feet.

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What caused a cloud bridge to form between Maui and Kaho`olawe and why is it no longer

there?

What caused a cloud bridge to form between Maui and Kaho`olawe and why is it no longer

there?

• How would loss of forests due to cattle ranching at `Ulupalakua, Maui affect the cloud bridge? • Today, ko`a have been constructed to call back the clouds and bring back the life-giving Naulu

rains.

• How would loss of forests due to cattle ranching at `Ulupalakua, Maui affect the cloud bridge? • Today, ko`a have been constructed to call back the clouds and bring back the life-giving Naulu

rains.

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What are the 3 conditions for cloud formation?What are the 3 conditions for cloud formation?

• Water vapor

• Cooling of the air to the dew point (saturation)

• Condensation nuclei

• Water vapor

• Cooling of the air to the dew point (saturation)

• Condensation nuclei

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What conditions led to the extensive erosion on Kaho`olawe?

What conditions led to the extensive erosion on Kaho`olawe?

• Overgrazing by goats, sheep, and cattle

• Military target practice

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How has this erosion affected the water balance on the island?

How has this erosion affected the water balance on the island?

Water Balance 1988

10%

15%

75%

Recharge

Evaporation

Runoff

Water Balance 1700

35%

30%

35%

Recharge

Evaporation

Runoff

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Unit Culminating Group ProjectUnit Culminating Group Project

• Work with your team to design and test a soil erosion prevention method for Hakioawa on Kaho`olawe. Include:– Statement of the problem – Summary of research findings– Visual aids for key points– Cross-section diagram showing the problem and your

solution– Demonstration of your proposed soil erosion method

• Work with your team to design and test a soil erosion prevention method for Hakioawa on Kaho`olawe. Include:– Statement of the problem – Summary of research findings– Visual aids for key points– Cross-section diagram showing the problem and your

solution– Demonstration of your proposed soil erosion method

Page 10: Mālama `Āina Kaho`olawe Earth Science Investigations.

Challenge: Develop a plan to stop soil erosion in an area with the following conditions:Challenge: Develop a plan to stop soil erosion in an area with the following conditions:

• Minimal vegetation• Hardpan surface at

the summit• 4 gullies: avg. depth

8 ft. and avg. slope 8%, and length from 200 to 700 ft.

• Kona storm rainfall runoff up to 27 cubic ft./sec

• Minimal vegetation• Hardpan surface at

the summit• 4 gullies: avg. depth

8 ft. and avg. slope 8%, and length from 200 to 700 ft.

• Kona storm rainfall runoff up to 27 cubic ft./sec

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Getting StartedGetting Started

• How would a check dam at the head of a gulch help to stop erosion?

• How large should it be and what materials would be effective?

• How would a check dam at the head of a gulch help to stop erosion?

• How large should it be and what materials would be effective?

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Unit Culminating EssayUnit Culminating Essay

• Write a paper to describe your team’s strategies to prevent soil erosion on Kaho`olawe.

• Use scientific principles to justify why your strategy would be effective.

• Include suggestions for applying what you’ve learned to our island home.

• See the Student Assessment Overview for detailed instructions.

• Write a paper to describe your team’s strategies to prevent soil erosion on Kaho`olawe.

• Use scientific principles to justify why your strategy would be effective.

• Include suggestions for applying what you’ve learned to our island home.

• See the Student Assessment Overview for detailed instructions.