Malacca Straits-Aids to Navigation

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INTERTANKO ASIAN PANELMEETING 2002




INTERTANKO

ASIAN PANEL MEETING 2002 COOPERATION WITH REGIONALMARITIME AUTHORITIES....

IS THERE ROOM FOR MORE PLAYERS ?BY

SHIMURA TADASHI GENERAL MANAGER

NIPPON MARITIME CENTER16 RAFFLES QUAY #27-03 HONG LEONG BUILDING

SINGAPORE 048581, SINGAPORE

E-mail : [email protected]

RAFFLES HOTEL, SINGAPORE15th OCTOBER 2002

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DISCLAIMER

The opinions herein are expressed

by the author in his private capacity.

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PRESENTATION SYNOPSIS

1.0 Characteristics of Malacca/Singapore Straits

2.0 Regional Maritime authorities and their

co-operative efforts in shipping safetyand marine environment protection.

3.0 Recent and further improvements needed

to reduce maritime casualties in the Straits

4.0 Specific details of Japanese Co-operation

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1.0 MALACCA STRAITS Depths/Widths

The Usual Route for VLCC’s from Middle East

to East Asia

Northern half has deep water, but Southern

half has a 2-Lane ship routeing system

(known as traffic separation scheme TSS)

It is the longest stretch of such a TSS in the

world, extending 263 sea miles ! Depths on Eastbound Lane are 23.0 metres,

Westbound Lane 16.0 metres

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1.1 MALACCA STRAITS Depths/Widths

Two Deep Water routes in Eastbound Lane where

not possible to have 23.0 metres depth

Average VLCC is 330 metres long.

Large vessels need to navigate between narrowsOne Fathom Bank Beacons (1400 metres)

Takong Beacons (800 metres)

West bound lane Singapore Strait (530 metres)

Once a fully laden VLCC enters the TSS fromwest, she has to complete the passage; there isno turning back !

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1.2 MALACCA STRAITS Passage

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ALL SHIPS PASSING

MUST MAINTAIN 3.5METRES UNDERKEELCLEARANCE (UKC)

Source : Nippon Maritime Center




1.3 MALACCA AND SINGAPORE STRAITS,Narrow Straits & Strong Tides

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Tidal ‘tail’ of over5 kilometer/hour !





1.4 Oil Dependency in Percentage Terms

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IN KILOTONNES

Consume

1999

Produce

1999

Dependency

1999

Consume

2020

Produce

2020

Dependency

2020

Singapore 21,218 0 100 % 27842 0 100 %

HongKong 11,241 0 100 % 23876 0 100 %

Japan 266,438 746 99 % 288359 0 100 %

Korea 99,913 446 99 % 163045 446 99 %

Vietnam 7,532 15,331-103 %

32238 30,529-5 %

Brunei 428 9,712 -2169 % 1109 11,204 -910 %

Philippines 17,682 41 99 % 36996 1,124 97 %

China 204,291 159,896 21 % 497,249 151,886 69 %

Indonesia46,666 70,053 -50 % 100,023 42,040 58 %

Malaysia 22,231 37,348 -68 % 52,129 32,874 37 %

ChineseTaipei 38,227 44 99 % 51,085 0 100 %

Thailand 33,859 4,138 87 % 73,117 3,560 95 %

Source : APERC




1.5 Net Oil Imports(>0) and Exports (<0)

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In KILO TONNES 1999 2020 Forecast

Singapore 21,218 27,842

Hong Kong 11,241 23,876

Japan 265,692 288,359

Korea 99,467 162,599

Vietnam -7,799 exporter 30,529

Brunei -9,284 exporter -10,095 exporter

Philippines 17,641 35,872

China 44,395 345,363

Indonesia

-23,387 exporter 57,983Malaysia -15,117 exporter 19,255

Chinese Taipei 38,183 51,085

Thailand 29,271 69,557

Source : APERC




1.6 MALACCA STRAITS, Shipping Traffic

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206651946815974SUBTOTAL OF TANKERS

593145596743965TOTAL REPORTING TRAFFIC

386493649927991 ALL OTHER TRAFFIC

35%35%36%PERCENTAGE OF TANKERS

308629622473LNG / LPG

142761334311474CRUDE / PRODUCT TANKERS

330331632027VLCC/DEEP DRAUGHT VESSELS

2001

(162)

2000

(153)

1999BASED ON TO VESSEL TRAFFIC

SYSTEM (PER DAY)

Source : MARINE DEPARTMENT PENINSULAR MALAYSIA




1.7 Pre December 1998 (Before Continuous

TSS), Eight COLLISIONS in 2 Months

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1.8 Post December 1998 (After Continuous

TSS), Six COLLISIONS in the last 3 Years

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4

5

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New Venture/MaritimeFidelity 1st July 1999

Graceous/Lula 119th October 1999

N Idaman/ Champion Peace 20th

October 2000

Rowan/SingapuraTimur 28th May 2001

Yong Ann 2/B Melawis 223th November 2000

Norgas Discoverer/GreekFighter 15th June 2000

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1.9 MALACCA AND SINGAPORE STRAITSSTILL THE BEST OPTION ?

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YES, BECAUSE OF THESE BENEFITS BETTER SURVEYED AND RELIABLE MAPPING

RELIABLE NAVIGATIONAL AIDS, VISUAL AND ELECTRONIC

READILY AVAILABLE EMERGENCY RESPONSE SYSTEM

GOOD SUPPORT FACILITIES FOR SHIPPING e.g CREW CHANGE,

BUNKERS, REPAIRS, PORT FACILITIES, TRANSHIPMENT

SHORTER DISTANCE e.g ADEN TO YOKOHAMA

VIA MALACCA STRAIT =6535 miles, 21 DAYS 19 HRS at 12.5kts

VIA SUNDA STRAIT =7165 miles, 23 DAYS 21 HRS at 12.5kts

VIA LOMBOK STRAIT= 7549 miles, 25 DAYS 04 HRS at 12.5kts




2.0 Regional Maritime Authorities

Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore enjoy maritime co-operation

which include the following :

1. Harmonizing key International Maritime Organization (IMO)

Regulations for safe transit through Malacca Straits

2. The Tripartite Technical Experts Group (TTEG) on the Safety of

Navigation in the Straits of Malacca and Singapore, 1975.

3. The Standard Operating Procedure for Joint Oil Spill Combat in the

Straits of Malacca and Singapore (SOP), 1984

4. The Agreement for Facilitation of Search of Ships in Distress andRescue of Survivors of Ship Accidents, 1975

5. Various Co-operation under the ASEAN, ASEAN-JAPAN, ASEAN+3,

Framework

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2.1 Recent Improvement to reduce maritimecasualties in Straits of Malacca

Extended Traffic Separation Scheme from OneFathom Bank to Horsburgh since 1st December1998

Mandatory ship reporting scheme for vesselsover 300 gross tonne using the Straits since1st December 1998

Continuous radar coverage in the Malacca and

Singapore Straits since 1st

December 1998 IMO-adopted Rules for Vessels Navigating

through the Straits of Malacca and Singapore

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2.2 Recent Improvement to reduce maritimecasualties in Straits of Malacca

Differential GPS stations which allows positionfixing accuracy better than 20 metre,voluntarily established by Malaysia and

Singapore. Continuous listening watch by ships on

appropriate VHF radio channels throughout theStraits

Speed limits at some stretches of the Straitsfor certain vessels.

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3.0 Further Improvements that could reduce

maritime casualties in the Straits of Malacca

Several projects including proposed widening of

certain narrow stretches of the Singapore Straits

and further extension of TSS to northern portion

of Malacca Straits, if the ‘Burden Sharing’ proposal

under UNCLOS Article 43 is more widely received

by international community

The International Maritime Organization (IMO)’s

Marine Electronic Highway Project

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3.1 UNCLOS ARTICLE 43

User States and States bordering a straitshould by agreement cooperate:

a) In the establishment and maintenance ina strait of necessary navigational andsafety aids or other improvements in aidof international navigation;

b) For the prevention, reduction and controlof pollution from ships

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4.0 Co-operation with Regional Maritime Authorities

There are several Japanese agencies that extend co-operation in the regional maritime safety and marineenvironment matters. This is not a complete list. Theseseveral organizations are

1. The Nippon Foundation

2. Petroleum Association of Japan

3. Malacca Strait Council

4. The Japan Association of Marine Safety.

5. Japan International Cooperation Agency

6. other Government and Non-Governmental agencies

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4.1 GENERAL

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4.2 GENERAL

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Malacca Straits-Aids to Navigation

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