Magnetism Notes
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Transcript of Magnetism Notes
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MAGNETISM NOTES
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MAGNETS Magnetic domain – region of a magnetic
material where the atoms are groups together and aligned Has uniform magnetization
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MAGNETS Poles of a magnet are the ends where objects
are most strongly attracted 2 poles called North and South
Like poles repel Opposite poles attract If a magnet is broken into 2 pieces, each
piece will still have an N and S
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MAGNETS Iron is the most common magnetic material Unmagnetized iron can be magnetized via
conduction (stroking) or induction
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MAGNETIC FIELD The region of space surrounding a moving
charge Is a vector quantity (arrows)
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MAGNETIC FIELD
Attraction
Repulsion
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ELECTROMAGNET Electric current produces a magnetic field Made from current flowing through coils of
wire (called a solenoid) Faraday’s Law: More coils = stronger
electromagnet (more voltage)
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ELECTROMAGNET
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ELECTROMAGNET
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RIGHT-HAND THUMB RULE
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MOTORS AND GENERATORS
PBS AC Generator AnimationMotors and Generators Video
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TRANSFORMERS
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JUST KIDDING!
BUT SERIOUSLY….
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ELECTRICAL TRANSFORMERS Device that transfers energy and changes
the amount of voltage Has 2 winding circuits and current varies
between them causing magnetic flux (a measure of the amount of magnetic field passing through a given surface)
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ELECTRICAL TRANSFORMERS Step-Up Transformer
Increases voltage Step-Down Transformer
Decreases voltage
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ELECTRICAL TRANSFORMERS NOT 100% efficient!!!
Not all of the input electrical energy is transferred to electrical energy at the output.
There is some heat generated and also a little bit of sound - transformers get hot and hum!