Magnetic HID Ballasts - Hubbell

Hubbell Lighting Inc Hubbell Lighting Buyers Guide\ 9 — Technical

HID Ballast and Lamp Data

Magnetic HID Ballasts

High Intensity Discharge (HID) lamps require some form of control gear (ballasts) to: (1) Provide enough voltage to strike the arc in the lamp. This function may be done with the ballast itself or with a separate electronic ignitor circuit. (2) To control the arc wattage during warm-up and normal operation. In addition ballasts may: (1) Provide a line voltage matching (transformer) function. (2) Provide enhanced lamp wattage control (regulation) with respect to changes in line voltage and/or lamp voltage. (3) Provide dimming or other control interface functions.

Two Coil Reactor

● Constant Wattage Auto-transformer (CWA) ● Peaked Lead Auto-transformer (PLA) ● Auto-Lag (AL) ● Constant Wattage Isolated (CWI)

Three Coil Reactor

● Magnetic Regulator (MR) ● Electro-Reg® (ER)

Magnetic Ballasts Can Be Grouped Into Three Basic Categories:

1. Linear, non-regulating circuits including reactors and Auto-Lag ballasts that provide for basic lamp operation. With the exception of the self-ballasted lamp, the linear reactor is the most basic form of ballast. Power factor will be in the 40-50% range. A capacitor can be added to get the circuit high power factor (90% or above.) Power factor remains relatively constant throughout the life of the lamp. The linear ballast pro-vides virtually no line voltage regulation, and outages due to the line dips and brown-outs are typical. Ballast losses for reactor ballasts are lowest of magnetic ballast types. The Auto-Lag Ballast is a reactor ballast combined with a step-up or step-down auto-transformer which allows for input voltage.

HID Ballast and Lamp Data - Page 7

The Auto-Lag ballast is a single magnetic frame two coil device. (The use of a separate voltagetransformer and a reactor provides the same operational circuit.)

2. The Constant Wattage Auto-transformer (CWA) bal last represents a step up from the Auto-Lag. It is a ballast circuit which uses magnetic saturation to maintain better lamp wattage regulation and improved dip tolerance. A variation of the CWA, called the Peaked Lead Auto Regulator (PLA) is used for metal halide. Another variation, the Constant Wattage Isolated (CWI) is an isolated winding version of the PLA.

3. Three coil circuits that provide superior electrical and lamp performance. The Mag-Reg (MR) and Electro-Reg (ER) ballasts are three coil, isolated winding, high performance ballasts. The input and lamp windings are separated by a third winding which offsets drastic changes in the demands of the lamp on the supply system and maintains lamp stability during supply system variations. This circuit provides the highest degree of lamp operating stability, waveform control, lowest harmonics, and performance consis-tency thru the life of the lamp.

Electro-Reg is an isolated winding ballast system for Metal Halide. It provides a significant increase in lamp life and color consistency/stability thru lamp life.

HID Ballast CharacteristicsLine Current - On some ballast types, the line current as the lamp starts is less than steady state operating current, so that fuses and circuit breaker ratings can be based strictly on the operating current values. For other ballasts, the line starting current may be considerably higher than the steady state operating value, so fuses, circuit breakers, and photoelectric control switches must be sized to accommodate the higher starting current.

Power Factor - To be classes as "high power factor" a ballast must have a power factor of at least 90%. Anything less is considered "Normal Power Factor" or "Low Power Factor." A low power factor ballast makes less efficient use of the distribution system. This requires larger wire sizes, larger switches, circuit breakers, and distribution transformers for the equivalent connected load. Occasionally, as lamps age, lamp operating parameters may change and cause power factor of some high power factor ballasts to fall below 90%. It is important to note that a NPF ballast is no less efficient than an equivalent HPF ballast.

Line Voltage Regulation - This is the change in lamp watts due to line voltage variation. Consideration should be given to the variation in line voltage and feeder voltage drop to be expected on a particular system where HID lamps will be applied to ensure that the regulating capacity of the ballast is matched to the regulation of the power system. A majority of modern power distribution systems are required to operate between ±5% of nominal line voltage, although systems are occasionally encountered which may vary as much as ±10% or more from nominal. Power shortages may result in "brown-outs" in some areas, which can create lamp starting problems especially with those ballasts designed for ±5% operation. In any case, the expected fluctuation in the power system voltage is an important consideration in ballast selection especially where long wiring runs are involved.

Extinction Voltage (Dip Tolerance) - All power systems are subject to dips in the line voltage as loads are switched in and out, or as other transient conditions occur. A good, stiff, well-regulated distribution circuit will seldom see voltage dips of more than 10%, but on some circuits; dips of 20% or more may occur. If the ballast is not capable of "riding through" the voltage dip and sustaining the lamp, the lamp will extinguish and have to cool down before re-ignition. Lamp drop out due to line voltage dips generally increase as lamps age. Ballasts with improved dip tolerance may delay the onset of lamp drop out problems.

Fusing - Most luminaires are offered with a fusing option. In the case of HID lighting, fusing is primarily used to isolate the individual fixture. For example, if an industrial luminaire ballast shorts (draws very high line current) then in all probability the breaker for the entire circuit will trip which will turn off every luminaire on that circuit. If the luminaire is properly fused however, the fuse would clear (open) prior to the tripping of the breaker and the circuit would still be active. This is important where loss of all lighting on a particular circuit is a major problem. The isolation fusing provided may also help in trouble shooting problems on the circuit.

HID Ballast Circuits

LampType

CircuitDiagram

Line Volts

Available

InputVolt

Range

LampWattageSpread

PowerFactor

StartingCurrent

(Variationfrom

OperatingCurrent)

InputVoltage

DipTolerance

BallastLosses

CrestFactor

ofLamp

CurrentCircuit

Diagram

HPS AllVolt.

± 10% ± 8% HPF 90% Plus

Lower 50-60% High orMed

1.6-1.7

AllVolt.

± 10% ± 10% *HPF 94-

65% Plus

Lower 15-35% Med 1.7-1.8

120 Volt for 35-150

watt

208 & 240 Volt for 200-400

watt

480 Volt for 1000

watt

± 5% 25% NPF 45-

50%

*HPF 90% Plus

Higher 15-20% Low 1.5-1.6

HID Ballast Circuits (continued)

LampType

CircuitDiagram

Line Volts

Available

InputVolt

Range

LampWattageSpread

PowerFactor

StartingCurrent

(Variationfrom

OperatingCurrent)

InputVoltage

DipTolerance

BallastLosses

CrestFactor

ofLamp

CurrentCircuit

Diagram

HPS AllVolt.

50-150 watt

120 Volt200-

400watt

± 5% 25% NPF40-

50%

HPF 90% Plus

Higher 15-20% Med 1.5-1.6

Mercury AllVolt.

± 10% ± 5% HPF 92% Plus

Lower 40-50% High 1.8-2.0

All Volt. ± 10% 10% HPF 90% Plus

Lower 30-40% Med 1.8-2.0


LampType

CircuitDiagram

Line Volts

Available

InputVolt

Range

LampWattageSpread

PowerFactor

StartingCurrent

(Variationfrom

OperatingCurrent)

InputVoltage

DipTolerance

BallastLosses

CrestFactor

ofLamp

CurrentCircuit

Diagram

Mercury 240 & 277 Volt for 400 -

1000 watt

480 voltfor 700 & 1000 watt

± 5% 20% NPF 40-

50%

HPF 90%Plus

Higher 15-20% Low 1.5-1.6

120 Voltfor 100-400 watt

± 5% 20% NPF 40-

50%

HPF 90%Plus

Higher 15-20% Med 1.5-1.6


LampType

CircuitDiagram

Line Volts

Available

InputVolt

Range

LampWattageSpread

PowerFactor

StartingCurrent

(Variationfrom

OperatingCurrent)

InputVoltage

DipTolerance

BallastLosses

CrestFactor

ofLamp

CurrentCircuit

Diagram

MetalHalide

All Volt. ± 10% ± 5% HPF 90%Plus

Lower 50-60% Medium 1.5 -1.65

All Volt. ± 10% ± 10% HPF 90%Plus

Lower 30-40% Medium 1.7-1.8

HID Ballast Data — High Pressure Sodium High-Pressure Sodium 3, 4

LineVolts

CircuitType

PowerFactor

InputWatts

StartingAmps

OperatingAmps

Open CircuitAmps1

Frequency(Hz)

FuseAmps2

35 WATT S76 LAMP

120 RX NPF 43 1.2 0.9 - 60 3

120 RX HPF 43 0.4 0.4 0.7 60 2

50 WATT S68 LAMP

120 RX NPF 60 1.5 1.2 - 60 5

120 RX HPF 60 0.7 0.6 0.9 60 3

120277

AL HPF 6666

0.60.2

0.60.3

1.20.4

60 32

70 WATT S62 LAMP

120 RX NPF 81 2.1 1.6 - 60 10

120 RX HPF 81 0.9 0.8 1.3 60 5

120208240277480

AL HPF 9494949494

0.90.50.40.40.2

0.80.50.40.40.2

1.40.80.70.60.3

60 53322

HID Ballast Data — High Pressure Sodium High-Pressure Sodium (continued) 3, 4

LineVolts

CircuitType

PowerFactor

InputWatts

StartingAmps

OperatingAmps

Open CircuitAmps1

Frequency(Hz)

FuseAmps2

120 CWA HPF 95 0.85 0.85 0.2 60 3

277 95 0.36 0.36 0.1 2

120208240277

MR HPF 103103103103

0.50.30.20.2

0.90.50.50.4

0.60.40.30.3

60

3222

100 WATT

S54 LAMP

120 RX NPF 115 2.9 2.1 - 60 10

120 RX HPF 115 1.2 1.0 1.8 60 10

120208240277480

AL HPF 130130130130130

1.30.80.70.60.3

1.20.70.60.50.3

2.21.31.10.90.6

60 105532


LineVolts

CircuitType

PowerFactor

InputWatts

StartingAmps

OperatingAmps

Open CircuitAmps1

Frequency(Hz)

FuseAmps2

120 CWA HPF 138 0.7 1.15 0.7 60 5

277 138 0.3 0.5 .03 2

120208240277480

MR HPF 138138138138138

0.50.30.30.20.1

1.2070.60.50.3

1.00.60.50.50.3

60

53332


LineVolts

CircuitType

PowerFactor

InputWatts

StartingAmps

OperatingAmps

Open CircuitAmps1

Frequency(Hz)

FuseAmps2

150 WATT

S55 LAMP

120 RX NPF 170 4.4 3.2 - 60 15

120 RX HPF 170 1.7 1.5 2.4 60 10

120 AL HPF 188 2.0 1.7 3.0 60 10

208240277480

188188188188

1.11.00.90.4

1.00.80.70.4

1.71.51.30.7

5553

120277480

CWA HPF 190190190

0.960.420.24

1.650.720.42

0.960.420.24

60 532

120240277480

MR HPF 196196196196

0.80.40.40.2

1.70.90.80.4

1.50.80.70.4

60 5332


LineVolts

CircuitType

PowerFactor

InputWatts

StartingAmps

OperatingAmps

Open CircuitAmps1

Frequency(Hz)

FuseAmps2

200 WATT

S66 LAMP

120208240277480

MR HPF 255255255255255

0.800.460.400.350.20

2.201.271.100.960.55

1.500.870.750.650.38

60 105533

250 WATT

S50 LAMP

120208240277480

CWA HPF 300300300300300

1.81.00.90.80.4

2.81.61.41.20.7

1.50.90.80.70.4

60 151010105

120208240277480

MR HPF 310310310310310

0.80.50.40.40.2

2.71.61.41.20.7

1.40.80.70.60.4

60 105553


LineVolts

CircuitType

PowerFactor

InputWatts

StartingAmps

OperatingAmps

Open CircuitAmps1

Frequency(Hz)

FuseAmps2

310 WATT

S67 LAMP

120240480

MR HPF 380380380

1.200.600.30

3.301.650.85

1.840.920.46

60 1053

400 WATT

S51 LAMP

120208240277480

CWA HPF 465465465465465

2.81.71.51.30.8

3.92.32.01.71.0

2.31.41.21.10.6

60 201510105

120208240277480

MR HPF 483483483483483

1.00.60.50.40.3

4.22.42.11.81.1

1.60.90.8070.4

60 15101055


LineVolts

CircuitType

PowerFactor

InputWatts

StartingAmps

OperatingAmps

Open CircuitAmps1

Frequency(Hz)

FuseAmps2

600 WATT

S106 600 LAMP

240 RX HPF 642 3.3 2.8 4.7 60 10

240 RX NPF 642 3.3 2.8 - 60 15

120208240277480

AL HPF 675675675675680

12.06.96.05.22.6

6.253.63.122.71.6

12.57.26.255.43.0

60 2520151510

1000 WATT

S52 LAMP

120208240277480

CWA HPF 11001100110011001100

6.43.83.22.82.2

9.45.44.74.02.4

4.82.72.42.21.2

60 2015151510

Metal HalideHID Ballast Electrical Data

LineVolts

CircuitType

PowerFactor

InputWatts

StartingAmps

OperatingAmps

Open CircuitAmps1

Frequency(Hz)

FuseAmps2

70 WATT M85 LAMP

240 RX NPF 86 1.2 1.0 - 60 5

120208240

AL HPF 959595

0.80.50.4

0.90.50.4

1.91.00.9

60 533

277 95 0.4 0.4 0.8 3

120277

AL HPF 9595

0.80.4

0.90.4

1.90.8

60 53

100 WATT

M90 LAMP

240 RX HPF 118 0.5 0.5 1.1 60 5

120208240277

AL HPF 129129129129

1.150.660.580.56

1.150.660.580.58

2.601.501.301.15

60 10555

Metal HalideHID Ballast Electrical Data (continued)

LineVolts

CircuitType

PowerFactor

InputWatts

StartingAmps

OperatingAmps

Open CircuitAmps1

Frequency(Hz)

FuseAmps2

150 WATT

M81 LAMP

240 RX HPF 176 1.3 0.8 1.9 60 5

120277

AL HPF 185185

0.950.42

1.600.70

3.651.58

60 105

120277480

ER HPF 193193193

0.40.20.1

1.60.70.4

1.20.50.3

60 553

175 WATT

M57 LAMP

120208240277480

PLA HPF 210210210210210

1.300.750.650.550.35

1.801.100.900.800.45

1.801.050.900.800.45

60 55352

120277480

ER HPF 218218218

0.50.30.1

1.90.80.4

1.30.60.3

60 553


LineVolts

CircuitType

PowerFactor

InputWatts

StartingAmps

OperatingAmps

Open CircuitAmps1

Frequency(Hz)

FuseAmps2

250 WATT

M58 LAMP

120208240

PLA HPF 285285285

2.101.401.10

2.501.501.30

1.60.90.8

60 1053

277480

285285

1.000.60

1.100.65

0.70.5

52

120208480

ER HPF 298298298

0.60.30.2

2.61.10.6

2.20.90.5

60 1053

400 WATT

M59 LAMP

120208240277480

PLA HPF 460460460460460

3.251.901.651.400.85

4.02.302.001.751.00

3.402.001.701.500.95

60 15101053

120277480

ER HPF 465465465

0.60.30.2

3.91.71.0

2.51.20.7

60 15103


LineVolts

CircuitType

PowerFactor

InputWatts

StartingAmps

OperatingAmps

Open CircuitAmps1

Frequency(Hz)

FuseAmps2

1000 WATT

M47 LAMP

120208240277480

PLA HPF 10801080108010801080

8.04.64.03.52.0

9.25.34.64.02.3

6.14.93.13.00.9

60 2515151510

1500 WATT

M48 LAMP

120208240277480

PLA HPF 16101610161016101610

13.47.76.75.83.3

13.58.07.06.03.4

4.82.52.22.01.1

60 3025202010

1650 WATT

120208240277

CWA HPF 1765176517651765

13.07.56.55.5

16.09.38.07.0

6.53.753.33.4

60 40252020


LineVolts

CircuitType

PowerFactor

InputWatts

StartingAmps

OperatingAmps

Open CircuitAmps1

Frequency(Hz)

FuseAmps2

MERCURY

50 WATT H45 LAMP

120 AL NPF 74 2.1 16.0 0.2 60 10

120208240277480

CWA HPF 7474747474

0.60.40.30.30.2

0.70.40.30.30.2

0.30.20.20.10.1

60 32222

75 WATT H43 LAMP

120 AL NPF 94 2.9 1.6 0.2 60 10

120208240277480

CWA HPF 9393939393

0.80.50.40.40.2

0.80.50.40.40.2

0.50.30.30.20.1

60 32222


LineVolts

CircuitType

PowerFactor

InputWatts

StartingAmps

OperatingAmps

Open CircuitAmps1

Frequency(Hz)

FuseAmps2

MERCURY

100 WATT

H38 LAMP

120 AL NPF 125 3.6 2.1 0.5 60 10

120208240277480

CWA HPF 125125125125125

1.00.60.50.40.3

1.10.60.50.50.2

0.60.40.30.30.2

60 52222

175 WATT

H43 LAMP

120 AL NPF 200 5.1 3.3 0.5 60 15

120208240277480

CWA HPF 205205205205205

1.71.00.90.70.4

1.81.00.90.80.4

0.90.50.40.40.3

60 53332


LineVolts

CircuitType

PowerFactor

InputWatts

StartingAmps

OperatingAmps

Open Circuit

Frequency(Hz)

FuseAmps2

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Amps1

MERCURY

250 WATT

H37 LAMP

120 AL NPF 285 8.3 5.4 0.9 60 20

120208240277480

CWA HPF 285285285285285

2.41.41.21.10.6

2.51.51.31.10.6

0.60.40.30.30.2

60 105552

400 WATT

H33 LAMP

120208240277480

CWA HPF 455455455455455

3.21.91.71.51.0

3.92.22.01.71.0

1.30.80.70.60.2

60 15101053


LineVolts

CircuitType

PowerFactor

InputWatts

StartingAmps

OperatingAmps

Open CircuitAmps1

Frequency(Hz)

FuseAmps2

MERCURY

1000 WATT

H36 LAMP

120208240277480

CWA HPF 10801080108010801080

7.54.33.83.31.9

9.25.34.64.02.3

1.71.00.90.80.4

60 2515151510

Magnetic HID Ballasts - Hubbell

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